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The Interphase between Energy &
Environment: A Municipal Perspective
Sello Mphaga
Sustainability Specialist - City of Tshwane
CEEP Africa’s policy makers’ workshop
09 October 2013
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Overview
• In South Africa, 40% of the country’s population are
found in 8 municipalities
• Urbanization remains an inevitable outcome across
the world & the significant growth rate in our cities
translate into a need for innovative approaches in
infrastructure development
• Reliance on a combination of public private and
private financial resources is an absolute necessity
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Introduction
• SA has a rich natural resource base
• Economic activities are largely underpinned by these
resources
• Efficient use of such resources can fund a low carbon
future
• Tackling development & climate change challenges can
have double dividends for both socio-economic
development & environmental sustainability
• Sustainability requires the reconciliation of
environmental, social equity and economic demands
• Focused investment in skills, technology, institutional
capacity & management structures is a must
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Tshwane Population Change
1996
1 792 360
2001 2 142 320
2011 2 921 490
We still have a lot to do in
sustainable infrastructure provision.
Source of energy for heating
Source of energy for lighting
Energy and Environment in Cities
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CITY-LEVEL DECOUPLING REPORT
• Continuation of global economic growth to support
population growth and urbanisation
• Energy and resource flows through cities are conducted
by complex networked infrastructures which, in turn,
have been designed, built and operated in accordance
with a particular set of technical modalities and
governance routines that for the most part assume a
never-ending supply of resources
• decoupling of economic growth from escalating resource
use is a must
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CITY-LEVEL DECOUPLING Cont
• Instead of just lamenting the fact that cities are
responsible for the bulk of CO2 emissions and resource
consumption…
• cities are centres of innovation and this is precisely what
is needed to face the challenge of the urbanisation
• Vast quantities of materials and people are pumped
through cities to make them work including water,
sewage, electricity, waste, food, building materials,
goods, passengers and data
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CITY-LEVEL DECOUPLING Cont
• It is not only climate change that threatens the resilience
of cities due to more frequent annual flooding, worsening
storm events and unpredictable rainfall patterns…
• Resource depletion and the related rising costs are new
threats to cities
• This will mean doing less with less mainly in cities
plagued by overconsumption, more with less mainly in
cities facing the challenges of urban poverty, and much
more with renewable resources and wastes across all
cities that are not currently making maximum use of
these potential resource inputs.
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CITY-LEVEL DECOUPLING concl
• To shift from unsustainable to sustainable flows, it will be
necessary to reconfigure the urban infrastructure
networks of the world’s cities
• Much will depend on active support for and investment in
sustainability-oriented innovations, including the reorganisation of governance institutions.
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Mainstreaming Sustainable & Climate
Resilient Infrastructure Finance
• The CoT is the largest City by land mass in South Africa with
a population of about 2.9 million
• This significantly large land space leaves room for further
expansion and investment,
• Given the current challenges of climate change, poverty &
inequality we have no choice but to ensure that the available
land is used in the most sustainable manner
• Innovative inclusion of knowledge institutions is central to the
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success of our infrastructure programs
CHANGE AGENTS/INTERMEDIARIES
• Organised urban change agents that play key roles in
facilitating urban infrastructure transitions:
• University research units,
• NGOs,
• an active policy unit within a city,
• a coalition of key city stakeholders,
• even an influential consulting company.
• No matter the specific configuration that emerges in a city,
what really matters is whether new capacities and
knowledge inputs are generated and mobilised
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ENERGY MIX AND VISION 2055
A waste- energy Park where the City of Tshwane has
committed itself to an integrated approach waste
management and the conversion of landfill gas to energy.
The installation of solar geysers in partnership with Eskom
in 16000 households,
The creation of 20 Mw solar energy farm where the
electricity generated in fed directly into the grid resulting in
very low transmission loss.
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ENERGY MIX AND VISION 2055
• Retrofitting of the Pretoria West and Rooiwal power
stations to make them more energy efficient and
increasing carbon reduction.
• Possibilities of the manufacture of newly developed
combustible fuel mix compound consisting of coal waste,
biomass waste and mineral and manufacturing waste.
• Green building project by installing integrated green
building technologies in municipal buildings
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CoT APPROPRIATE ACTIONS
• Improve demand side management by expanding the
City’s Solar Water Heater (SWH) programme, promoting
the wide-spread use of low-energy CFL and LED
lighting, ensuring improved building insulation, and using
Smart meters with time-of-use tariffs;
• Develop municipal hydro-power initiative using the CoT
water supply system;
• Green the coal supply of the two CoT coal-power
stations (Pretoria West and Rooiwal)
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CoT APPROPRIATE ACTIONS
• Support the proposed Solar Park in the CoT to generate
20MW of electricity using photovoltaic (PV) panels;
• Generate renewable energy fuels (i.e. biogas and landfill
gas) from sewage and wastes at municipal treatment
facilities (WWTP and landfills sites); and
• Support and promote the use of low-carbon renewable
transport fuels such as electric-powered vehicles and the
displacement of petrol and diesel with biofuels.
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FINANCING AND HOW CoT IS
LEVERAGING
• Partnerships with Academic and research institutions
• Government grants, green fund, jobs fund, human
settlement grants
• Soft loans facilities like DBSA and use of donor funds
• Infrastructure development bonds
• Public Private Partnerships especially in the
implementation of innovative Sustainability initiatives
(EOI / RFI)
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In Conclusion, there’s a need to conform to these 6
Principles of advancing sustainable infrastructure finance
1. Own the definitions - equity, pragmatism, trust, innovation,
transparency, accountability
2. Power of the package – finance, technology transfer, technical
assistance
3. Power of the network – Partners that bridge gaps
4. Power of the innovation – relevant and appropriate resources
5. From commitment to action – Prototype for immediate application
6. Lighthouse watch – Focus on the long road, not short term
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Thank You
greenup@tshwane.gov.za
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