1. business and industrial
2. pharmaceutical industry

ACADEMIC
REGULATIONS
&
SYLLABUS
Faculty of Pharmacy
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Education Campus – Changa, (ECC), hitherto a conglomerate of institutes of professional
education in Engineering, Pharmacy, Computer Applications, Management, Applied
Sciences, Physiotherapy and Nursing, is one of the choicest destinations by students. It has
been transformed into Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT)
through an Act by Government of Gujarat. CHARUSAT is permitted to grant degrees under
Section-22 of UGC- Govt. of India.
The journey of CHARUSAT started in the year 2000, with only 240 Students, 4 Programmes,
one Institute and an investment of about Rs. 3 Crores (INR 30 million). At present there are
seven different institutes falling under ambit of six different faculties. The programmes
offered by these faculties range from undergraduate (UG) to Ph.D degrees including M.Phil.
These faculties, in all offer 23 different programmes. A quick glimpse in as under:
Faculty
Institute
Faculty of Technology &
Engineering
Charotar Institute of Technology
Faculty of Pharmacy
Ramanbhai Patel College of
Pharmacy
Faculty of Management Studies
Indukaka Ipcowala Institute of
Management
Faculty of Computer
Applications
Faculty of Applied Sciences
Charotar Institute of Computer
Applications
P.D.Patel Institute of Applied
Sciences
Faculty of Medical Sciences
Charotar Institute of Physiotherapy
Charotar Institute of Nursing
Programmes
Offered
B.Tech
M.Tech
Ph.D
B.Pharm
M.Pharm
Ph.D
M.B.A
PGDBM
Ph.D
M.C.A
Ph.D
M.Sc
M.Phil
Ph.D
B.PT
B.Sc (Nursing)
The development and growth of the institutes have already led to an investment of over
Rs.63 crores (INR 630 Million). The future outlay is planned with an estimate of Rs. 250
Crores (INR 2500 Million).
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 2 of 240
The University is characterized by state-of-the-art infrastructural facilities, innovative
teaching methods and highly learned faculty members. The University Campus sprawls over
100 acres of land and is Wi-Fi enabled. It is also recognized as the Greenest Campus of
Gujarat.
CHARUSAT is privileged to have 300 core faculty members, educated and trained in
Stanford, IITs, IIMs and leading Indian Universities, and with long exposure to industry. It is
also proud of its past students who are employed in prestigious national and multinational
corporations.
From one college to the level of a forward-looking University, CHARUSAT has the vision of
entering the club of premier Universities initially in the country and then globally. High
Moral Values like Honesty, Integrity and Transparency which has been the foundation of
ECC continue to anchor the functioning of CHARUSAT. Banking on the world class
infrastructure and highly qualified and competent faculty, the University is expected to be
catapulted into top 20 Universities in the coming five years. In order to align with the global
requirements, the University has collaborated with internationally reputed organizations
like Pennsylvania State University – USA, University at Alabama at Birmingham – USA,
Northwick Park Institute –UK, ISRO, BARC, etc.
CHARUSAT has designed curricula for all its programmes in line with the current
international practices and emerging requirements. Industrial Visits, Study Tours, Expert
Lectures and Interactive IT enabled Teaching Practice form an integral part of the unique
CHARUSAT pedagogy.
The programmes are credit-based and have continuous evaluation as an important feature.
The pedagogy is student-centred, augurs well for self-learning and motivation for enquiry
and research, and contains innumerable unique features like:
•
•
•
•
•
Participatory and interactive discussion-based classes.
Sessions by visiting faculty members drawn from leading academic institutions and
industry.
Regular weekly seminars.
Distinguished lecture series.
Practical, field-based projects and assignments.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 3 of 240
•
•
•
•
Summer training in leading organizations under faculty supervision in relevant
programmes.
Industrial tours and visits.
Extensive use of technology for learning.
Final Placement through campus interviews.
Exploration in the field of knowledge through research and development and comprehensive
industrial linkages will be a hallmark of the University, which will mould the students for
global assignments through technology-based knowledge and critical skills.
The evaluation of the student is based on grading system. A student has to pursue his/her
programme with diligence for scoring a good Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) and
for succeeding in the chosen profession and life.
CHARUSAT welcomes you for a Bright Future
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 4 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Faculty of Pharmacy
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm.) Programme
Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT)
CHARUSAT Campus, At Post: Changa – 388421, Taluka: Petlad, District: Anand
Phone: 02697-247500, Fax: 02697-247100, Email: info@charusat.ac.in
www.charusat.ac.in
Year - 2012
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 5 of 240
CHARUSAT
FACULTY OF PHARMACY
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm.) Programme
To ensure uniform system of education, duration of undergraduate programmes,
eligibility criteria for and mode of admission, credit load requirement and its
distribution between courses and system of examination and other related
aspects, following academic rules and regulations are recommended.
1. System of Education
The Semester system of education should be followed across The Charotar University of
Science and Technology (CHARUSAT) at Undergraduate levels. Each semester will be at
least 90 working day duration. Every enrolled student will be required to take a specified
load of course work in the chosen subject of specialization and also complete a
project/dissertation if any.
2. Duration of Programme
Undergraduate programme (B.Pharm)
Minimum
8 semesters (4 academic years)
Maximum
12 semesters (6 academic years)
3. Eligibility for admissions
As decided from time to time by the Government of Gujarat and CHARUSAT
4. Mode of admissions
As decided from time to time by the Government of Gujarat and CHARUSAT
5. Programme structure and Credits
Please refer detailed syllabus
6. Attendance
6.1 All activities prescribed under these regulations and listed by the course faculty
members in their respective course outlines are compulsory for all students pursuing
the B. Pharm. Programme. No exemption will be given to any student from
attendance except on account of serious personal illness or accident or family
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 6 of 240
calamity that may genuinely prevent a student from attending a particular session or
a few sessions. However, such unexpected absence from classes and other activities
will be required to be condoned by the Principal.
6.2 Student attendance in a course should be 80%.
7 Course Evaluation
7.1 The performance of every student in each course will be evaluated as follows:
7.1.1 Internal evaluation by the course faculty member (s) based on continuous
assessment, for 20%* of the marks for the course; and
7.1.2 Final examination by the University through written paper or practical test or
oral test or presentation by the student or a combination of any two or more
of these, for 80%* of the marks for the course.
*as per norms laid down by Pharmacy Council of India (PCI)
7.1.3 Theory and Practical component of the same course shall be considered as
separate courses.
7.2 Internal Evaluation (Theory)
Two Theory tests (each test of 20 marks and one hour duration) shall be conducted
as per the schedule notified by the Institute for every course in a semester. For the
award of the internal marks, the average of marks obtained in two tests shall be
considered.
7.3 Internal evaluation (Practicals)
The distribution of marks for calculating the internal marks in every course of
practical shall be:
Performance of the exercise
Viva
Quiz
Record (Journal)
Total
Internal Marks (out of 20)
20 Marks (One test of three hours duration)
20 Marks (Two tests each of 10marks)
20 Marks (Two tests each of 10marks)
20 Marks
80 Marks
(Marks obtained out of 80) / 4
7.4 University Examination
7.4.1.
The final examination by the University for 80% of the evaluation for the
course will be through written paper or practical test or oral test or
presentation by the student or a combination of any two or more of these.
7.4.2. In order to earn the credit in a course a student has to obtain grade other
than FF.
7.5 Performance at Examination
7.5.1 Minimum performance with respect to university examination as well as
overall (university + internal) will be an important consideration for passing a
course.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 7 of 240
Details of minimum percentage of marks to be obtained in the examinations
is as follows
Minimum marks in Minimum marks
University Exam per Overall
per
course
course
40%
45%
7.5.2
If a candidate obtains minimum required marks per course in university
examination but fails to obtain minimum required overall marks, he/she
has to repeat the university examination till the minimum required
overall marks are obtained.(As per the clause 7.5.1)
8 Grading
8.1
The total of the internal evaluation marks and final University examination
marks in each course will be converted to a letter grade as well as to a ten-point
scale as per the following scheme:
Table: Grading Scheme (UG)
Range of Marks (%)
≥80
<80
≥73
<73
≥66
<66
≥60
<60
≥55
<55
≥50
<50
≥45
<45
Corresponding
Letter Grade
Numerical point
(Grade Point)
corresponding to
the letter grade
AA
AB
BB
BC
CC
CD
DD
FF
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
0
8.2
The student’s performance in any semester will be assessed by the Semester
Grade Point Average (SGPA). Similarly, his/her performance at the end of two or
more consecutive semesters will be denoted by the Cumulative Grade Point
Average (CGPA). The SGPA and CGPA are calculated as follows:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
SGPA
∑ Ci Gi / ∑ Ci where Ci is the number of credits of course i
Gi is the Grade Point for the course i
and i = 1 to n, n = number of courses in the
semester
CGPA =
∑ Ci Gi / ∑ Ci where Ci is the number of credits of course i
Gi is the Grade Point for the course i
and i = 1 to n, n = number of courses of all
semesters up to which CGPA is computed.
No student will be allowed to move further if CGPA is less than 3 at the end
of every academic year.
A student will not be allowed to move to third year if he/she has not cleared
all the courses of first year.
A student will not be allowed to move to fourth year if he/she has not cleared
all the courses of second year.
© CHARUSAT 2012
=
Page 8 of 240
9. Award of Degree
9.1 Every student of the programme who fulfils the following criteria will be eligible for
the award of the degree:
9.1.1 He/She should have earned at least minimum required credits as prescribed in
course structure; and
9.1.2 He/She should have cleared external and overall evaluation components in
every course; and
9.1.3 He/She should have secured a minimum CGPA of 5.0 at the end of the
programme;
9.1.4 In addition to above, the student has to complete the required formalities
as per the regulatory bodies, if any.
9.1.5 The candidate has to undergo Industrial Training in any of the approved
pharmaceutical manufacturing plant/laboratory, for 15 weeks during
vacation due at the end of 6th semester B.Pharm. and at the end of 8th
semester B.Pharm.
9.2 The student who fails to satisfy minimum requirement of CGPA will be allowed to
improve the grades so as to secure a minimum CGPA for award of degree. Only latest
grade will be considered.
10 Award of Class
The class awarded to a student in the programme is decided by the final CGPA as per
the following scheme:
Distinction:
First class:
Second Class:
11
CGPA ≥ 7.5
CGPA ≥ 6.0 & < 7.5
CGPA ≥ 5.0 & < 6.0
Transcript
The transcript issued to the student at the time of leaving the University will contain
a consolidated record of all the courses taken, credits earned, grades obtained,
SGPA,CGPA, class obtained, etc.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 9 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 1
SCHEME OF TEACHING
Contact hours per
week
Theory
Practical
3
-3
3
Course
Code
PH101
PH102
PH103
PH104
CE105
MA131
EN103
PH105
*
Name
Human Anatomy & Physiology-I
Basic Pharmacognosy-I
Pharmaceutical Chemistry-I
3
3
(Inorganic)
Pharmaceutical Engineering-I
3
3
Basic Computer Applications
2
3
Basic Mathematics
3
-Communication Skills-I
1
3
-3
Project-I*
Total
18
18
Total credits of 1st semester: 27
Credits
Theory
3
3
Practical
-1.5
Total
3
4.5
3
1.5
4.5
3
2
3
1
-18
1.5
1.5
-1.5
1.5
9
4.5
3.5
3
2.5
1.5
27
Herbarium to be prepared under the guidance of the faculty.
SCHEME OF EVALUATION
Course
Code
PH101
PH102
PH103
PH104
CE105
MA131
EN103
PH105
Name
Human Anatomy & Physiology-I
Basic Pharmacognosy-I
Pharmaceutical Chemistry-I
(Inorganic)
Pharmaceutical Engineering-I
Basic Computer Applications
Basic Mathematics
Communication Skills-I
Project-I
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Marks
Theory
Practical
University
Institute
University
Institute
Level
Level
Level
Level
Evaluation
Evaluation
Evaluation
Evaluation
80
20
--80
20
80
20
80
80
80
80
80
--
20
20
20
20
20
-140
560
Total marks of 1st semester: 1200
80
20
80
80
-40
-360
20
20
-10
50
140
Page 10 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 2
SCHEME OF TEACHING
Code
PH106
PH107
PH108
PH109
PH110
MA141
EN104
PH111
Course
Name
Human Anatomy & Physiology-II
Basic Pharmacognosy-II
Pharmaceutical Chemistry - II
(Physical)
Pharmaceutical Engineering – II
Dispensing Pharmacy
Advanced Mathematics
Communication Skills-II
Engineering graphics
Total
Contact hours per
week
Theory
Practical
3
3
3
3
Credits
Theory
3
3
Practical
1.5
1.5
Total
4.5
4.5
2
--
2
--
2
3
3
3
1
-18
3
3
-3
3
18
3
3
3
1
-18
1.5
1.5
-1.5
1.5
9
4.5
4.5
3
2.5
1.5
27
Total credits of 2nd semester: 27
SCHEME OF EVALUATION
Marks
Course
Code
PH106
PH107
PH108
PH109
PH110
MA141
EN104
PH111
Name
Theory
University
Institute
Level
Level
Evaluation Evaluation
80
20
80
20
Human Anatomy & Physiology-II
Basic Pharmacognosy-II
Pharmaceutical Chemistry - II
80
20
(Physical)
Pharmaceutical Engineering -II
80
20
Dispensing Pharmacy
80
20
Advanced Mathematics
80
20
Communication Skills-II
80
20
Engineering graphics
--Total
560
140
Total marks of 2nd semester: 1250
© CHARUSAT 2012
Practical
University
Institute
Level
Level
Evaluation
Evaluation
80
20
80
20
--
--
80
80
-40
80
440
20
20
-10
20
110
Page 11 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 3
SCHEME OF TEACHING
Course
Code
PH201
PH202
PH203
PH204
PH205
PH206
MB220
PH207
Contact hours per week
Theory
Practical
3
-3
3
Course Name
Pathophysiology
Pharmacognosy &
Phytochemistry-I
Organic Chemistry-I
Pharmaceutical
Analysis-I
Pharmaceutical
Engineering-III
Pharmaceutical
Jurisprudence
Life Management
Skills
Seminar-I
Total
Theory
3
3
Credits
Practical
-1.5
Total
3
4.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
1.5
1.5
4.5
4.5
3
3
3
1.5
4.5
3
--
3
--
3
--
3
--
1.5
1.5
-18
3
18
-18
1.5
9
1.5
27
Total credits of 3rd semester: 27
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
Marks
Course
Code
PH201
PH202
PH203
PH204
PH205
PH206
MB220
PH207
Course
Pathophysiology
Pharmacognosy &
Phytochemistry-I
Organic Chemistry-I
Pharmaceutical
Analysis-I
Pharmaceutical
Engineering-III
Pharmaceutical
Jurisprudence
Life Management
Skills
Seminar-I
© CHARUSAT 2012
Theory
University
Institute
Level
Level
Evaluation
Evaluation
80
20
80
20
Practical
University
Institute Level
Level
Evaluation
Evaluation
--80
20
80
80
20
20
80
80
20
20
80
20
80
20
80
20
--
--
--
--
--
50
-320
50
180
--Total
480
120
Total marks of 3rd semester: 1100
Page 12 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 4
SCHEME OF TEACHING
Course
Code
PH208
PH209
PH210
PH211
PH212
PH213
PH214
Contact hours per week
Theory
Practical
Course Name
Pharmacology-I
Pharmacognosy &
Phytochemistry-II
Organic Chemistry-II
Pharmaceutical Analysis-II
Physical Pharmaceutics
Hospital & Community
Pharmacy
Seminar-II
Theory
Credits
Practical
3
3
3
3
3
3
1.5
1.5
Total
4.5
4.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
--
3
3
3
3
1.5
1.5
1.5
--
4.5
4.5
4.5
3
-18
3
18
-18
1.5
9
1.5
27
Total
Total credits of 4th semester: 27
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
Marks
Course
Code
PH208
PH209
PH210
PH211
PH212
PH213
PH214
Course Name
Pharmacology-I
Pharmacognosy &
Phytochemistry-II
Organic Chemistry-II
Pharmaceutical
Analysis-II
Physical Pharmaceutics
Hospital & Community
Pharmacy
Seminar-II
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Theory
University
Institute
Level
Level
Evaluation
Evaluation
Practical
University
Institute Level
Level
Evaluation
Evaluation
80
80
20
20
80
80
20
20
80
80
20
20
80
80
20
20
80
80
20
20
80
--
20
--
--
--
--
50
400
150
480
120
Total marks of 4th semester: 1150
Page 13 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 5
SCHEME OF TEACHING
Course
Contact Hours/Week
Credits
Code
Name
Theory
Practical
Total
Theory
Practical
Total
PH301
Pharmacology -II
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH302
Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry-III
2
---
2
2
---
2
PH303
Medicinal Chemistry-I
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH304
Pharmaceutical Biochemistry-I
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH305
Pharmaceutical Microbiology
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH306
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
2
---
2
2
---
2
MA331
Biostatistics
2
3
5
2
1.5
3.5
PH307
Seminar III
---
3
3
--
1.5
1.5
18
36
18
9
27
Total
18
th
Total credits of 5 semester: 27
SCHEME OF EVALUATION
Course
Theory
Practical
University
Institute
Total
University
Institute
Total
Code
Name
PH301
Pharmacology -II
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH302
Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry-III
80
20
100
---
---
---
PH303
Medicinal Chemistry-I
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH304
Pharmaceutical Biochemistry-I
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH305
Pharmaceutical Microbiology
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH306
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
80
20
100
---
---
---
MA331
Biostatistics
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH307
Seminar III
---
---
---
---
50
50
560
140
700
400
150
550
Total
Total marks of 5th semester: 1250
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 14 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 6
SCHEME OF TEACHING
Course
Contact Hours/Week
Credits
Code
Name
Theory
Practical
Total
Theory
Practical
Total
PH308
Pharmacology-III
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH309
Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry-IV
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH310
Medicinal Chemistry-II
2
3
5
2
1.5
3.5
PH311
Pharmaceutical Biochemistry-II
2
3
5
2
1.5
3.5
PH312
Biopharmaceuticals
3
3
6
3
1.5
4.5
PH313
Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics
3
-
3
3
-
3
PH314
Pharmaceutical Softwares
-
3
3
-
1.5
1.5
MB301
Pharmaceutical Management-I
2
-
2
2
-
2
18
36
18
9
27
Total
18
th
Total credits of 6 semester: 27
SCHEME OF EVALUATION
Course
Theory
Practical
University
Institute
Total
University
Institute
Total
Code
Name
PH308
Pharmacology-III
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH309
Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry-IV
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH310
Medicinal Chemistry-II
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH311
Pharmaceutical Biochemistry-II
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH312
Biopharmaceuticals
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH313
Biopharmaceutics &
80
20
100
--
--
--
Pharmacokinetics
PH314
Pharmaceutical Softwares
--
--
--
--
50
50
MB301
Pharmaceutical Management-I
80
20
100
--
--
--
560
140
700
400
150
550
Total
th
Total marks of 6 semester: 1250
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 15 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 7
Scheme of teaching
Course
Contact Hours/Week
Credits
Code
Name
Theory
Practical
Project
Total
Theory
Practical
Project
Total
PH401
Clinical Pharmacy &
Pharmacotherapeutics-I
Herbal Drugs Technology-I
3
3
---
6
3
1.5
--
4.5
2
3
---
5
2
1.5
--
3.5
PH402
PH403
Medicinal Chemistry-III
3
---
---
3
3
---
--
3
PH404
Pharmaceutical Analysis - III
3
3
---
6
3
1.5
--
4.5
PH405
Dosage Form Design
2
3
---
5
2
1.5
--
3.5
PH406
Pharmaceutical Technology-I
3
3
---
6
3
1.5
--
4.5
MB401
Pharmaceutical Management-II
2
--
---
2
2
--
--
2.0
PH407.01*
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Instrumentation & Technology-I)
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Documentation-I)
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Marketing-I)
Total
PH 407.02*
PH407.03*
3
---
1.5
3
---
---
36
1.5
---
---
---
27
th
Total credits of 7 semester: 27
*Please refer to the Note on the next page.
Scheme of Evaluation
Course
Theory
Practical
Code
Name
University
Institute
Total
University
Institute
Total
PH401
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH 402
Clinical Pharmacy &
Pharmacotherapeutics-I
Herbal Drugs Technology-I
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH 403
Medicinal Chemistry-III
80
20
100
---
---
---
PH 404
Pharmaceutical Analysis - III
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH405
Dosage Form Design
80
20
100
80
20
100
PH406
Pharmaceutical Technology-I
80
20
100
80
20
100
MB401
Pharmaceutical Management-II
80
20
100
---
---
---
Sub Total
560
140
700
400
100
500
Elective
courses
code
PH407.01
PH407.02
PH407.03
Theory/Practical/project
Elective courses name
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical Instrumentation
& Technology-I)
Elective-I(Pharmaceutical Documentation-I)
University
Institute
Total
80
20
100
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical Marketing-I)
Total marks of 7th semester: 1300
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 16 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
NOTE
For the course of PH 407 Elective I (at 7th Semester) and the course of PH 414 Elective II (at 8th Semester),
every student is expected to give his/her choice in the beginning of the 7th Semester. The student can
select any one group (A/B/C) as per the following scheme:
Elective-I (7th Semester)
Group
Code
A
PH407.01
Name
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Elective-II (8th Semester)
Code
PH414.01
Instrumentation & Technology-I)
B
PH407.02
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
PH407.03
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Marketing-I)
© CHARUSAT 2012
Elective-II (Pharmaceutical
Instrumentation & Technology-II)
PH414.02
Documentation-I)
C
Name
Elective-II ( Pharmaceutical
Documentation-II)
PH414.03
Elective-II ( Pharmaceutical
Marketing-II)
Page 17 of 240
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER 8
Scheme of teaching
Course
Contact Hours/Week
Credits
Code
Name
Theory
Practical
Project
Total
Theory
Practical
Project
Total
PH408
3
3
---
6
3
1.5
---
4.5
PH409
Clinical Pharmacy &
Pharmacotherapeutics-II
Herbal Drugs Technology-II
2
--
---
2
2
--
---
2.0
PH410
Medicinal Chemistry-IV
3
3
---
6
3
1.5
---
4.5
PH411
Pharmaceutical Analysis-IV
3
---
---
3
3
--
---
3.0
PH412
Pharmaceutical Technology-II
2
3
---
5
2
1.5
---
3.5
PH413
Novel Drug Delivery System
2
--
---
2
2
--
---
2.0
MB402
Entrepreneurship for PharmaProfessionals
Elective-II (Pharmaceutical
Instrumentation &
Technology-II)
Elective-II ( Pharmaceutical
Documentation-II)
Elective-II ( Pharmaceutical
Marketing-II)
Total
3
3
3
9
3
1.5
1.5
6
PH414.01*
PH414.02*
PH414.03*
3
---
1.5
3
---
---
36
---
1.5
---
---
27.0
th
Total credits of 8 semester: 27
*Please refer to the Note on the next page.
Scheme of Evaluation
Course
Theory
Practical
Project
Code
Name
University
Institute
Total
University
Institute
Total
University
Institute
PH408
Clinical Pharmacy &
PharmacotherapeuticsII
Herbal Drugs
Technology-II
Medicinal ChemistryIV
Pharmaceutical
Analysis-IV
Pharmaceutical
Technology-II
Novel Drug Delivery
System
Entrepreneurship for
Pharma- Professionals
Sub Total
80
20
100
80
20
100
--
--
80
20
100
--
--
---
--
--
80
20
100
80
20
100
--
--
80
20
100
--
--
---
--
--
80
20
100
80
20
100
--
--
80
20
100
--
--
---
--
--
80
20
100
40
10
50
40
10
50
560
140
700
280
70
350
40
10
50
PH409
PH410
PH411
PH412
PH413
MB402
Elective
courses
Theory/Practical/project
Elective courses name
code
University
Institute
Total
80
20
100
PH414.01
Elective-II (Pharmaceutical Instrumentation
& Technology-II)
PH414.02
Elective-II (Pharmaceutical Documentation-II)
PH414.03
Elective-II (Pharmaceutical Marketing-II)
Total marks of 8th semester: 1200
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 18 of 240
Total
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm.) PROGRAMME
NOTE
For the course of PH 407 Elective I (at 7th Semester) and the course of PH 414 Elective II (at 8th Semester),
every student is expected to give his/her choice in the beginning of the 7th Semester. The student can
select any one group (A/B/C) as per the following scheme:
Elective-I (7th Semester)
Group
Code
A
PH407.01
Name
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Elective-II (8th Semester)
Code
PH414.01
Instrumentation & Technology-I)
B
PH407.02
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
PH407.03
Elective-I (Pharmaceutical
Marketing-I)
© CHARUSAT 2012
Elective-II (Pharmaceutical
Instrumentation & Technology-II)
PH414.02
Documentation-I)
C
Name
Elective-II ( Pharmaceutical
Documentation-II)
PH414.03
Elective-II ( Pharmaceutical
Marketing-II)
Page 19 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 1)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 20 of 240
HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY-I (PH101)
(Theory)
Credits: 3
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the principles of human anatomy and physiology as well as
basic concepts related to health.
Student Learning Outcomes/Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the concept of anatomy and
physiology of different organ systems which is a prerequisite for understanding the concepts
of pharmacology. In addition they will be able to know about different diseases and their
causative organism.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black board and multimedia projector,
charts and models of different organ systems.
Outline of the Course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No.
Approx.
of Contact Hours
Weightage %
1
Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
2
3
2
The Cell
4
10
3
Tissues
3
10
4
Muscular system
3
15
5
Sense organs
6
10
6
Nervous system
11
20
7
Reproductive system
3
10
8
Endocrine system
8
10
9
Osseous system
3
5
10
Introduction to microbes
1
5
11
The concept of Epidaemiology
1
2
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 21 of 240
Detailed Syllabus:
No.
1
Unit Details
Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology:
Contact
hours
References
2
5,14
4
5,3,11
3
5,3,8
3
5,3
6
5
- Fundamental & Scope of Anatomy & Physiology.
- Anatomical terms in relation to parts of the body system & organs.
2
The Cell:
- Molecular structure & function of cell.
- Mechanism & electrophysiology of cell membrane including
various transport mechanisms.
- Cell cycle (Genetic control of cell function & its significance).
3
Tissues:
- Introduction & organization to elements of tissue.
- Functions of different tissues( Epithelial, Connective, Muscular &
Nervous tissue).
4
Muscular system:
- Their gross & molecular level anatomy and physiology of skeletal
muscle.
- Physiology of muscle contraction.
- Physiological properties of skeletal muscles and their disorders.
5
Sense organs:
- Basic anatomy and physiology of eye (vision), ear (hearing), taste
buds, nose (smell).
- Structure & function of skin (superficial receptors).
- Regulation of body temperature.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 22 of 240
No.
6
Unit Details
Nervous system:
Contact
hours
References
11
5,3
3
5,6
8
5,3
3
5,11
- Neurons & Nerve fibers: Physiology of nerve excitation &
conduction. (Sensory & motor nerves).
- Central nervous system: Specialized function of different
parts of brain and spinal cord, Neurohumoral transmission in the
CNS, Reflex action, RAS, Limbic System.
- Electroencephalogram, Physiology of sleep, CSF.
- Autonomic nervous system: Physiology and function of
ANS, Mechanism& significance of the neurohumoral transmission
in the ANS.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):Description & function of
Cranial & Spinal nerves.
- Demonstration of reflex action.
7
Reproductive system:
- Male and female reproductive system and their hormones.
- Physiology of menstruation, coitus and fertilization. Sex
differentiation, spermatogenesis and cogenesis. Pregnancy its
maintenance and parturition.
8
a) Endocrine system (Hormones):
Basic anatomy and physiology of pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,
adrenals, pancreas, testis and ovary, their hormones and function.
Brief outline of their disorders.
b) Autocoids (Local hormones):
Histamine, 5-HT, prostaglandin, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes PAF
and peptides, their function and importance.
9
Osseous system:
Structure, composition and function of skeleton, classification of
joints, Types of movements at joints, disorder of bones and joint.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 23 of 240
No.
10
Unit Details
Introduction to microbes:
Contact
hours
References
1
13
1
13
Classification of microbes, isolation, staining techniques of
organisms of common diseases.
11
Epidaemiology:
- Its scope, methods, uses and dynamics of disease transmission.
(Endemic, Epidemic, Pandemic).
- Immunity and immunization: Immunological products and their
dose schedule.
- Principles of disease control and prevention, hospital acquired
infection, prevention and control.
- Disinfection, types of disinfection, disinfection, procedures, for
faeces, urine, sputum, room linen, dead-bodies, instruments.
Recommended study materials:
1. Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology; Martini F; Prentice hall; 2nd Ed. 1992.
2. Anatomy and physiology; Seeley R. R., Stephens T. D. and Tate P., Mosby, St Louis;
3rd Ed. 1995.
3. Text book of medical physiology; Guyton; W. B. Saunders Co.; Philadelphia; 8th Ed.;
1991.
4. West J. B. Best and Taylor’s physiological basis of medical practice; Williams and
Wilkins, Baltimone; 12th Ed.1989.
5. Principles of anatomy and physiology; Tortora G. J. and Anagnodokos, N. P.; Harper
and Colling Publishers, New York; 7th Ed. 1992.
6. Human anatomy, physiology and health education; Gandhi T. P.; B. S. Shah
Prakashan, Ahmedabad; 9th Ed. 1998.
7. Preparatory Manual for undergraduates’ physiology; Joshi V. D.; B. I. Churchill
Livingstone; 1995.
8. Human physiology; Chatteerjee C.C.; Medical Allied Agency Calcutta; 10th Ed.1985.
9. Physiology and anatomy; Clancy, John and MoVicet A.J.; Edward Arnold; 1995.
10. Human Physiology; Shalya S.; C. B. S. Publishers New Delhi; 1st Ed. 1994.
11. Human Anatomy; Chaurasia B.O.; C. B. S. Publishers New Delhi; 3rd Ed. 1994.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 24 of 240
12. Anatomy and physiology in health and illness; Ross and Wilson’s; Churchill
Livingstone; 8th Ed. 1995.
13. Health Education and Community Pharmacy; Parmar N. S.; C. B. S. Publishers, New
Delhi; 1995.
14. Practical anatomy Physiology and biochemistry; Goyal R. K.; B. S. Shah Prakashan,
Ahmedabad; 1994.
15. A textbook of history; Garg K. et. al; C. B. S Publishers, New Delhi; 2nd Ed.1991.
16. Text books of histology; Lesson C. R. et. al.; W. B. Saunders Co.5th Ed.
17. Atlas of anatomy; Aqur, Anne M.R.; Williams and Wilkins; 9th Ed.1991.
18. A photographic atlas for the anatomy and physiology lab.; Van de Graaff and
Crewley, J. L.; Mortan Publishing Co.; 3rd Ed. 1991.
19. A text book of practical physiology; Ghai C. L.; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
(P) Ltd.; 4th Ed. 1998. (Practical)
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 25 of 240
BASIC PHARMACOGNOSY-I (PH102)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the concept of Pharmacognosy, the scientific studies of the
natural products utilized as drugs.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student should understand the preliminary basis of
Pharmacognosy.
The students are expected to
•
Understand different methods to cultivate the medicinal plants
•
Differentiate between different types of the organs of medicinal plants
•
Understand various options available- in vivo and in vitro to improve the quality of the
phytoconstituents obtained from the natural sources.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
Using black board,
•
Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
Through visit of herbal garden
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Contact Hours
Approx.
weightage
%
1
Introduction and scope of Pharmacognosy.
5
10
2
Sources of drugs.
7
10
3
Classification of drugs.
6
15
4
Cultivation, collection, processing and storage of
10
20
crude drugs.
5
Introduction to Plant Cell and tissues.
5
10
6
Morphology and histology of different plant parts.
12
35
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 26 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
No.
Contact References
Unit details
Hours
1
Introduction and scope of Pharmacognosy:
5
1, 3, 4, 6, 8
7
1, 3, 4, 6
6
1, 3, 4, 6
10
1, 3, 4, 6, 8
5
1, 2, 3, 4
12
2, 3, 4, 7, 9
Definition and Historical background, present status,
development and future scope of Pharmacognosy.
2
Sources of drugs:
Plant source, Biological source, Marine and Minerals. Tissue
culture technique – as a source of drugs.
3
Classification of drugs:
Alphabetical,
Morphological,
Taxonomical,
Chemical,
pharmacological and Chemo taxonomical classification.
4
Cultivation, collection, Processing and storage of crude
drugs:
Factors influencing cultivation of medicinal plants. Types of
soils and fertilizers of common use. Plant hormones and their
application. Introduction and application of Polyploidy,
Mutation and
Hybridization with reference to medicinal
plants.
5
Introduction to Plant Cell and tissues:
Plant cell Structure and non-living inclusion Different types
of plant tissues and their function.
6
Morphology and histology of different plant parts:
Morphology and histology of root, stem, leaf. Morphology of
bark, wood, flower, fruit and seed. Modification of root and
stem.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 27 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
No.
Aim of the Practical
1
Introduction and functioning of microscopes.
2
Histological examination of Monocot Leaf.
3
Histological examination of Dicot Leaf.
4
Histological examination of Monocot Root.
5
Histological examination of Dicot Root.
6
Histological examination of Monocot Stem.
7
Histological examination of Dicot Stem.
8
Morphological studies of Flowers and inflorescences.
9
Morphological studies of Fruit.
10
Morphological studies of aerial and underground parts of the plants.
11
Studies on modifications of stem and root.
12
Studies of different types of plant tissues. (Parenchyma, Sclerenchyma, Collenchyma,
Vascular Tissues, Special Tissues)
Recommended study materials:
a) Text books:
1. Pharmacognosy; C. K. Kokate, A. P. Purohit, S. B. Gokhale; Nirali prakashan, Pune;
39th Edition; 2007.
2. Botany for degree students; A. C. Dutta; Calcutta Oxford university press, New Delhi;
15 impressions; 1994.
3. A textbook of Pharmacognosy; Mamta Shah, Urvashi Shah, Sangita Marfatia; Nirav
and Roopal Prakashan; 2008-09.
4. Textbook of Pharmacognosy I; S. B. Dhake, Parul B. Patel; Nirav and Roopal
Prakashan; 2008-09.
5. Pharmacognosy; J. S. Quadry; B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad; 14th edition; 200809.
b) Reference books:
6. Pharmacognosy; V. E. Tylar, L. R. Brady, J. E. Habbers; Lea and Febgir Philadelphia;
8th edition; 1981.
7. Pharmacognosy of powdered crude drugs; M. A. Tyenger; Manipal power press; 1st
Edition; 1974.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 28 of 240
8. Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy; W. C. Evans; W. B. Saunders Co., Singapore; 15th
Edition; 2008.
9. Text Book Pharmacognosy; T.E. Wallis; CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi; 5th
Edition; Reprint-2005.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 29 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I (INORGANIC) (PH103)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of inorganic
chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study inorganic agents used as
pharmaceutical aids, therapeutic agents and diagnostic agents.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of the history and
basic concepts of medicinal inorganic chemistry.
•
Students should be able to describe in detail synthetic approaches as well as
mechanisms of action of some important metal-based therapeutic and diagnostic
agents.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of the course (Theory):
Unit
No.
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact hours.
Weightage %
1
Pharmacopoeia and monograph
04
15
2
Sources of contamination in pharmaceuticals and
04
10
31
65
methods to control
3
An outline of methods of preparation uses, sources,
impurities, tests for purity and identity, including
various limit tests, and special tests, if any for the
classes of inorganic pharmaceuticals included in the
current edition of the Indian Pharmacopoeia.
4
Water
03
5
5
Important inorganic gases used in pharmacy
03
5
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 30 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
1
Unit details
Pharmacopoeia and monograph
Contact
Hours
References
04
1
04
1, 2,3
Different pharmacopoeia and contents of official monograph.
2
Sources of contamination in pharmaceuticals and methods to
control
- Purity of Pharmaceuticals and factors affecting purity of
pharmaceuticals
- Limit test for chlorides, sulphates, arsenic, iron, lead, heavy metals
as per I.P.
3
An outline of methods of preparation uses, sources, impurities,
tests for purity and identity, including various limit tests, and
special tests, if any of the following classes of inorganic
pharmaceuticals included in the current edition of the Indian
Pharmacopoeia.
- Dental products
03
1,2,3,4,8,11
Dentifrices, anti- caries agents.
- Antidotes
02
1, 2,3,8,11
Classification, Sodium thiosulphate, Sodium nitrite.
- Gastrointestinal tract agents
06
1,2,3,4,8,11
A) Acidifying agents-dil HCl
B) Antacids-Sodium bicarbonate, Aluminum hydroxide, Aluminum
phosphate, Basic aluminum carbonate, Calcium Phosphate,
Magnesium carbonate, Milk of magnesia.
C) Protectives and Adsorbents-Bismuth compounds, Bismuth sub
carbonate, Bismuth subgallate, Bismuth sodium tartarate, Kaolin,
Activated charcoal, Pectin.
D) Saline cathartics-Sodium phosphate, Sodium potassium
tartarate, Magnesium carbonate, Magnesium oxide.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 31 of 240
No.
3
Unit details
- Essential and trace ions
Contact
Hours
References
07
1, 2,3,8,11
02
1, 2,3,8,11
08
1, 2,3,8,11
03
1, 2,3,8,11
03
1,2,3
03
2,3
(Conti.) Absorption, distribution, physiological role. Official compounds
of Iron, Copper, Zinc, Manganese, Iodine, Ferrous sulfate, Iron
sorbite injection, Ferric ammonium citrate, ferric chloride,
Copper sulfate, Iodine, Potassium iodide, Sodium iodide, Zinc
sulphate.
- Expectorants and emetics
Ammonium chloride, Potassium iodide, Antimony Potassium
tartarate. Mode of action of above mentioned compounds.
- Topical agents
General introduction and mode of action:
A) Protectives- Talc, Zinc oxide, Calamine, Zinc stearate,
Titanium dioxide, Aluminum compounds.
B) Antimicrobials and astringents: Hydrogen peroxide solution,
Sodium perborate, Zinc peroxide, Potassium permanganate,
Sodium hydrochloride, Iodine solution and nitrate, Mercuric
oxide, Mercuric chloride and sulphate, Boric acid, Selenium
sulfide, Zinc sulfate.
- Complexing and chelating agents
Complexing and chelating agents used in therapy.
4
Water
Hardness of water, methods to remove hardness of water,
different official waters and official quality control tests for
waters.
5
Important inorganic gases used in pharmacy
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Nitrous Oxide, Carbon dioxide, Helium,
Ammonia and their compounds as per I.P.
Note: For official compounds; general properties, assays, storage and uses should be discussed.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 32 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
No. Aim of Practical
1
2
3
Semi-micro inorganic qualitative analysis of Given Inorganic mixtures (Minimum 07)
PbNO3 + KCl
MgSO4+K2CO3
MgCl2+KNO3
FeSO4+ZnCl2
K2CrO4+AgCl2
KI+FeCl3
ZnSO4+CaCO3
CdCl2+KBr
KNO3+MgSO4
(NH4)2NO3+MgCl2
BaSO4+HgCl2
MnSO4+KCl
AlCl3+PbCl2
Limit test( Minimum 04)
Limit test for Chlorides
Limit test for sulfate
Limit test for Iron
Limit test for Lead
Limit test for Arsenic
Assay of following compounds as per pharmacopoeia. (Minimum 04)
Assay of Boric acid
Assay of CuSO4
Assay of FeSO4
Assay of Calcium lactate
Assay of Calcium gluconate
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 33 of 240
Recommended study material:
1. Indian Pharmacopoeia; Government of India; 2007.
2. Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Inorganic; J. H. Block, E. B. Roche;
Varghese Publication; Indian edition.
3. Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Revised by L. M. Atherden, Bentley &
Driver’s; Oxford Medical Publications, 8th edition.
4. The Science and Practice of Pharmacy by Remington, Lipincott, William and
Wilkins; 20th edition.
5. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry; Cotton & Wilkinson; Wiley Eastern Ltd., Delhi, 18th
Edition.
6. Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Practical), Dhake & Belsare; 2nd Edition.
7. Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis; Vogel’s; ELBS UK, 5th Edition, 1996.
8. Quantitative Inorganic Analysis; Vogel’s; ELBS UK, 5th Edition, 1996.
9. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol. I & II; A.H. Beckett & J.B. Stenlake, CBS.
Publishers; New Delhi, 4th Edition, 1986.
10. Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry; T. O. Spine and C. O. Wilson, Roger’s, Lea &
Febiger, Philadelphia, USA, 8th edition, 1967.
11. Pharmaceutical Chemistry-Inorganic; G. R. Chatwal; Goel Publishing House.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 34 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING-I (PH104)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study basic mechanism of material transportation, this is used in pharmaceutical
industries.
•
Subject gives the guideline for handling of liquid, solid and gaseous material in
various places in pharmacy.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of material handing in various field of pharmacy.
•
Students should be able to know the appropriate instrumental requirement for
measurement of various flow of fluid and shifting of solid material.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
•
Black board
•
Over Head Projector or Multimedia projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum No.
Approx.
of contact
Weightage %
hours
1
Flow fluids
08
18 %
2
Stoichiometry
08
18 %
3
Heat transfer
08
18 %
4
Mass Transfer
05
11 %
5
Material handling systems
06
13 %
6
Materials
06
13 %
04
09 %
45
100 %
of
Pharmaceutical
Plant
Construction
7
Packaging of Materials
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 35 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
1.
Unit details
Flow fluids:
Contact
Hours
References
8
1,3,4
8
1
8
1
5
1
Type of flow, Reynolds number and its significance, concept of
boundary layer, basic equiation of fluid flow, valve, flow meters,
measurement of flow and pressure.
2
Stoichiometry:
Unit processes, material and energy balance, molecular unit, mol
fraction, tie substance, gas law, mole volume, equilibrium state,
rate process, steady and unsteady state, dimensionless equiation
and formulas, different types of graphic representation,
application of gas law, mathematical problems.
3
Heat transfer:
Modes of heat transfer. Conduction- Fourier’s law, resistances in
series and parallel, use of mean area and mean temperature
difference. Convection-Concept of film, overall coefficient, heat
transfer by forced convection in laminar and turbulent flow,
condensing vapours, evaluation of individual film coefficients.
Radiation-Black body, absorptivity & emmisivity. Heating of
fluids, steam as heating medium, properties and uses of steam,
steam traps, study of steam table. Heat exchange equipmentsHeat exchangers, condensers, boilers, extended surface scraped
and surface equipments etc. Applications of heat transfer in
industrial processes. Mathematical problems.
4
Mass Transfer:
Principle, streams in mass-transfer operations, solid/fluid and
fluid/fluid mass transfer, influence of mass transfer on unit
operations.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 36 of 240
No.
Unit details
5
Contact
Hours
Material handling systems:
References
6
5
6
5
4
5,6
Solids handling- storage, conveyers, vacuum & pneumatic
conveying. Liquid handling- storage, pumps. Gases- Fans,
blowers and compressors. Colour coding of Pipelines, use of
forklifts and pallets, store design in pharmaceutical
industries.
6
Materials of Pharmaceutical Plant Construction:
General study of composition, corrosion resistance,
properties, factors affecting the selection of material of
pharmaceutical plant construction with special reference to
stainless steel and glass. Corrosion-types, causes, theories of
corrosion and its prevention.
7
Packaging of Materials:Function and qualities of package, type of packaging
materials, merits and demerits of packaging materials,
pressure pack of pharmaceutical product.
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
No.
Aim of Practical
1
To study conversion factors and use of these conversion factors.
2
To calibrate the given Ventrurimeter and to find out the co efficient of discharge.
3
To calibrate the given Orificemeter and to find out the co efficient of discharge.
4
To calibrate the given Rotameter with plummet.
5
Measurement of flow of fluids and their pressure and calculate the Reynolds number.
6
To determine the vacuum creating efficiency of ejector pump.
7
To determine the volume transfer efficiency of ejector pump.
8
To measure the velocity head of the fluid using pitot tube.
9
To measure the pressure of gas passing through the pipeline by difference type of U tube
manometer.
10
To determine the overall heat transfer coefficient of a given heat exchanger.
11
To determine the efficiency of given lagging material.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 37 of 240
Recommended study material:
1. Elementary Chemical Engineering; Max S. Peters; McGraw Hill Book Company, New
York; 1954.
2. Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook; Robert H Perry, Green D.W., Maloney J.O.;
McGraw Hill Inc., New York; 7th Edition, 1998.
3. Copper and Gun’s Tutorial Pharmacy; S. J. Carter; CBS Publication & Distribution,
New Delhi; 2004.
4. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering; McCabe Warren, Smith & Harriott;
McGraw Hill Inc., New York; 5th edition; 2001.
5. Pharmaceutical Engineering; K. Sambamurthy; New Age International Ltd., New
Delhi 2002.
6. Pharmaceutics the Science of Dosage Form Design; M.E. Aulton; Churchill
Livingstone, London; 2002.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 38 of 240
BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (CE105)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study basic fundamental of computers
•
To study skill of some useful softwares related to pharmaceutical field.
•
To study the basic operating procedure of computer.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the
basic concepts of computer and basic software useful in pharmacy.
•
Students should gain knowledge of the appropriate operating procedure of
computer.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
•
Black board,
•
Over Head Projector
•
Multimedia projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
Sr. No.
Title of the unit
Minimum no.
of contact hrs.
3
Approx.
Weightage %
10
1
Computer Fundamentals
2
Operating Systems
3
10
3
MS Word
6
20
4
MS Excel
6
20
5
MS PowerPoint
5
17
2
7
1
3
4
13
30
100 %
6
7
8
Introduction to MS Access and Outlook
Introduction to software’s for viewing PDF
documents
Networking, Internet and Intranet
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 39 of 240
Detailed syllabus: (Theory)
Sr.
No.
01
02
03
04
05
Name of Topic
Computer Fundamentals
Definition, characteristics, history, computer terminology,
computer organization, input & output devices, storage
devices (including latest devices), classifications of
computers (including current computer systems), binary
conversions and ASCII code, application of computers in
pharmacy, introduction to computer virus, Configuration of
Personal computer, Hardware, Types of software, firmware.
Operating Systems
Definition, functions of an operating system, types of
operating systems and their characteristics, Installation of
Operating System, system utility
Windows
Desktop, start-menu, control panel, accessories, my
computer, my documents, recycle bin, printer and mouse
settings, maximizing, minimizing, restoring and closing of
windows, windows explorer
MS Word
Word Essentials, the word workplace, Parts of MS Word
screen, Typing and Editing, Finding and Replacing,
Autocorrect and Auto text, Reusing Text and Graphics, use
of spell-check & grammer, thesaurus and scientific Symbols,
viewing of document by various ways Editing Tools,
Formatting Text Formatting Text Character, Formatting
Paragraphs, Formatting and Sorting Lists, Page Design and
Layout, Page Setup : Margins, Page Numbers, and Other
Items, Newspaper -style Columns, Working with Tables
Creating and formatting of tables and sorting, merging etc. of
data in tables. Inserting, deleting and sizing of rows and
columns in tables, Opening, Saving and Protecting
Documents, Locating and Managing Documents Printing,
Assembling Documents with Mail Merge
MS Excel
Introduction to EXCEL worksheet, calculations in EXCEL,
preparation of templates for application in pharmaceutical
chemistry, pharmaceutical technology, pharmacology and
pharmacognosy. Hierarchy of operation, library functions
such as logarithm, square root, sum, average,. Drawing
graphs in EXCEL line graph, histogram, pie-chart- At least
one graph for each discipline of chemistry, pharmaceutical
technology, pharmacology and pharmacognosy –Editing
chart features such as annotation, labeling of axis, changing
legends etc.
MS PowerPoint
Creating and viewing a presentation, adding animations and
managing
slide shows etc.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Contact
Hours
Reference
Book
03
10,12
03
10,12
06
3,4,5,7
06
7,9,10
05
7,9,10
Page 40 of 240
06
07
08
Introduction to MS Access and Outlook
Introduction to software’s for viewing PDF documents
(ADOBE reader, ACROBAT),
Drawing simple chemical structures (CHEMSKETCH, etc.)
Networking, Internet and Intranet
Introduction to network and networking devices, Computer
networks, networking technology, components of network.
Internet – Basic terms, software and hardware requirement
for internet, process of internet working, internet tools,
Email- components and working, study of pharmaceutical
web sites and search engines, searching through
pharmaceutical data bases, study of patent websites.
02
9,10
01
11
04
13,14
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No.
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
List of Practical
Introduction to computers
• Components and operating of computers
• Typing of a given document
MS DOS
commands for creating, saving, renaming & modifying files & folders
MS Word
• Creating and Saving of given document
• Use of page setup for given document
MS Word
• Inserting header & footer, page number in given document
• Use of page break in given document
• Cut –Copy – Paste, Undo & Redo of text by various ways
MS Word
• Formatting of text and paragraphs by various ways
• Use of Bullets & Numbering, Borders & Shading etc. in given document
MS Word
• Writing a document in newspaper type columns
• Use of find, replace, go to, spelling & grammer command in given document
MS Word
• Writing Greek words and scientific symbols in MS Word
• Creating and formatting of tables as per given instructions.
MS Word
write a letter using mail merge
MS Excel
Use of library functions such as logarithm, square root, sum, average
MS Excel
Drawing of charts and graphs like line graph, histogram, pie-chart
Editing chart features such as annotation, labeling of axis, changing legends
MS Power Point
Creating and viewing a presentation
MS Power Point
Adding animations and managing slide show
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 41 of 240
13
14
15
Software Use
Drawing simple chemical structures using software like CHEMSKETCH
Making of simple papers of charts using software like COREL DRAW/PAGE
MAKER (DTP)
Internet/Intranet
Demonstration of internet working
Demonstration of E-mail Working
Internet/Intranet
Demonstration of Pharmaceutical Websites
Mainly drug information sites & patent websites
Recommended study material:
1. Windows Vista: Step by Step, Joan Preppernau and Joyce Cox, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi, 2007.
2. Windows Vista: Plain & Simple, Jerry Joyce, and Marianne Moon, Prentice Hall of
India, New Delhi, 2007.
3. WORD 2000, Guy Hart Davis, BPB Publications, New Delhi, 1999.
4. WORD 2000: fast & easy, Diane Koers, BPB Publications, New Delhi, 2000.
5. Microsoft WORD 2000:Training Guide, Maria Reid, BPB Publications, New Delhi,
2000
6. Exploring Microsoft Office XP, John Breeden and Michael Cheek, BPB Publications,
New Delhi, 2001.
7. MS Office by Pierce, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2007 9. MS Office: Plain &
Simple, Jerry Joyce, and Marianne Moon, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2007.
8. MS Office: Step by Step, Joyce Cox, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2007.
9. Taxali R.K., P.C. Software for Windows 98 made simple – 8th Edition – 2002 – Tata
Mc, New Delhi.
10. MS – Office by Ed. Bott. & Woddy Leohad, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1999
11. Manuals available with the software.
12. Working with personal computer software: R.P.Soni, Harshal Arolkar, Sonal Jain,
Books India Publications, First Edition, New Delhi, 2008.
13. Computer Fundamentals with Pharmacy Applications: N.K.Tiwari, PharmaMed
Press, New Delhi, 2008.
14. Computers In Pharmacy: Praveen S. Thakur, Rachna Manchanda, Pratibha Nand,
Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd., Third Edition, New Delhi, 2008.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 42 of 240
BASIC MATHEMATICS (MA131)
(Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the Course:
To introduce the basic concepts of Mathematics to students passing HSC with B-group.
Pre-requisite:
No additional Pre-requisite required.
Methodology:
The emphasis during Lecture sessions will be on Understanding of Concepts rather than on
complexities of Computational Techniques. Stress is also given on Visual perception through
Mathematical Software. Relevant Illustrations will be provided from the Real World
processes. Sufficient home assignments will be given to the students which will test their
fundamentals and ability to relate Mathematical concepts with reality.
Outline of the Course:
No.
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact Hours
Weightage %
Unit
1
Sets, Relations and Functions
6
14
2
8
17
3
Concepts of Limit, Continuity and
Differentiation
Concept of Integration
6
15
4
Matrices and Determinants
6
15
5
Equations and their solutions
8
17
6
Basic Statistics
11
22
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 43 of 240
Detailed Syllabus:
No.
1
Contact
Unit details
hours
6
Sets, Relations and Functions:
- Sets, Number systems (Real and Complex numbers)
- Cartesian Product of sets
- Relations
One-One, Many-One, One-Many, Many-Many Relations
- Functions
Certain Standard functions
Polynomial, Algebraic, Exponential, Logarithmic,
Trigonometric
- Visualization of graphs of standard functions
- Curves using Mathematical Software.
2
8
Concepts of Limit, Continuity and Differentiation:
- Concept of Limits,
- Evaluation Techniques
- Continuity of functions
- Concept of Differentiation
- Derivatives of Standard Functions
- Evaluation Techniques
- Derivative as a Rate of Change
- Visualization of graphs of Continuous and Differentiable functions.
3
6
Concept of Integration:
- Indefinite Integrals (Primitives / Antiderivatives)
- Primitives of Standard Functions
- Methods of Integration
- Definite Integral
- Integration as Area under the curve
- Use of Mathematical Software for evaluating Derivatives
- Indefinite and Definite Integrals
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 44 of 240
No.
4
Unit details
Contact
hours
6
Matrices and Determinants:
- Matrices
- Matrix Operations
- Properties of Matrix Operations
- Determinants (up to order 3) and their properties
- Cofactor expansion
- The Inverse of a Matrix
- The Rank of a Matrix and Applications.
5
8
Equations and their solutions:
- Polynomial equations in single variables
- Solution of an equation
- Graphical representation of an equation
- Standard curves and surfaces
- Determination of solution of Quadratic equations
- System of Linear equations & its Matrix representation
- Consistency and solution of a System of Linear equation using
Matrix Inversion
6
11
Basic Statistics:
- Ungrouped and Grouped data
- Diagrammatic Representation of Data
- Measures of Central tendency
- Measures of Dispersion
- Computations of these measures through Statistical Software
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 45 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1. Calculus and Analytical Geometry; Thomas G. B. and R. L. Finney; Addision Wesley, 9th
Ed.,
1996.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics; Erwin Kreyszig; Jhon Wiley & Sons, India, 8th Ed.,
1999.
3. Calculus Early Transcendental; Stewart James; Thomson India; 5th Ed., 2007.
4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics; Wylie & Barrett; Mc graw Hill pub.
5. Advanced Engineering Mathematics; Greenberg M D; Pearson Education, 2nd Edition.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 46 of 240
COMMUNICATION SKILLS-1 (EN103)
(Theory and Practical)
Credits: 1 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 1 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
•
To hone basic Communication Skills (LSRW) of the students by exposing them to
the key communication techniques, and thereby
•
To improvise Comprehensional and Expressional Skills of the students required for
day to day and classroom, academic and cultural situations.
Instructional Method and Pedagogy:
•
Lectures will be taken in class room and practicals will be conducted in the language
lab with the use of multi-media presentations / black board work and mix of both.
•
Some assignments and Presentation Tasks will be given
•
Students will also be engaged in interpersonal communication activities such as
group discussion, role plays, simulations, just a minute sessions, etc.
Outline of the course (Theory and Practical):
No.
Title of the unit
Minimum
Approx.
number of
weightage %
hours
1.
An Introduction to Communication and Key
08
7
Concepts in Communication
2.
Major Communication Techniques and Styles
08
7
3.
Listening Skills
08
18
4.
Presentation Skills
12
18
5.
Reading Skills
09
18
6.
Writing Skills
09
17
7.
Grammar and Vocabulary
06
15
60
100%
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 47 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory and Practical):
No.
1
Contact
Unit details
Hours
An Introduction to Communication and Key Concepts in
08
Communication:
2
-
An Introduction to Communication
-
Basic terms, concepts, and contexts of communication
-
Importance, Types and Principles of Communication
08
Major Communication Techniques and Styles:
-
Introduction to Communication styles and techniques
-
Assertive, Aggressive, Passive and Passive - Aggressive
Communication
3
4
Working with different Styles
08
Listening Skills:
-
Introduction to Listening
-
Purpose and Types of Listening
-
Traits of a good listener
-
Barriers to effective listening and Tips for effective listening
12
Presentation Skills:
-
Introduction to Presentation and its importance
-
Modes, Means and Purposes of Presentation
-
Defining purpose, analyzing audience and organizing the
contents
5
Visual aids and nuances of delivery
09
Reading Skills:
-
An Introduction to Reading and Comprehension
-
Types and Techniques - Skimming and Scanning of Reading
-
Inferencing in Reading
-
Reading data in various forms
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 48 of 240
No.
6
Contact
Unit details
Hours
09
Writing Skills:
- Introduction to Writing and Importance of effective writing
- Paragraph Development, Coherence – Topic Sentence,
Supporting Sentence, Authentication, and Examples
- Letter Writing and Resume Making
- Drafting…press notes, memo, circulars, notices, telegrams,
agenda, minutes etc
7
06
Grammar and Vocabulary:
-
Tenses and the Concept of Time
-
Active and Passive Constructions
-
Direct – Indirect Speeches
-
Prepositions and Conditionals
-
Idioms, Confusables, One-word Substitutes, Synonyms,
Antonyms
Recommended Study Material:
Reference Reading:
Krishna Mohan & Meera
Developing Communication Skills
Banerji
Communication Skills for Technical student
Farthullah T M
Basic Business Communication 10th ed
Lesikar R V & Flatley M E
Additional Reading:
Communication Skills for Engineers
Mishra S & Muralikrishna C
Written Communication in English
Freeman Sardh
ABC of Common Grammatical Errors
Nigel B. Turton
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 49 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 2)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 50 of 240
HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY-II (PH106)
(Theory and Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the principles of human anatomy and physiology as well as
basic concepts related to health.
Student Learning Outcomes/Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the concept of anatomy and
physiology of different organ systems which is a prerequisite for understanding the concepts
of pharmacology.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black board and multimedia projector,
charts and models of different organ systems.
Outline of the Course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No.
of Contact Hours
Approx.
weightage
%
1
Haemopoetic system
6
15
2
Cardiovascular system
12
20
3
Respiratory system
5
10
4
Urinary system
4
15
5
Lymph and lymphatic system
3
5
6
Body defense Mechanisms & Immunity
4
10
7
Digestive system
4
10
8
Water & electrolyte balance
3
5
9
Vitamins, Nutrition & Metabolism
2
5
10
Basic concept on Genetic Disorders
2
5
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 51 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
No.
Unit details
Contact
References
Hours
1
Haemopoetic system:
6
5, 12
12
5, 3, 12
5
5, 12
4
5, 12
3
5 12
4
5, 12
- Composition and function of blood and its elements.
- Their disorders, blood group and their significance.
- Mechanism of coagulation, disorder of platelets and
coagulation.
2
Cardiovascular system:
- Basic anatomy of heart, blood vessels and circulation.
- Basic understanding of cardiac cycle, heart sounds and
electrocardiogram.
- Blood pressure and its regulation.
- Brief outline of cardiovascular disorders like
hypertension, hypotension, arteriosclerosis, angina,
myocardial infarction, congestive cardiac failure and
cardiac arrhythmias.
3
Respiratory system:
- Anatomy of respiratory organ, function of respiration,
mechanism and regulation of respiration, respiratory
volumes and vital capacity.
4
Urinary system:
- Various parts, structure and function of the kidney and
urinary tract. Physiology of urine formation and acidbase
balance. Disorders of urinary system.
5
Lymph and lymphatic system:
- Composition, formulation and circulation of lymph,
disorder of lymph and lymphatic system. Basic
physiology and function of spleen.
6
Body defense Mechanisms & Immunity:
- Basic principles of immunity, innate immunity, adaptive
immunity, immune interactions, immunotherapy,
acquired
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 52 of 240
immunity and brief overview of immune system
pathology.
7
Digestive system:
4
5, 12
3
13
2
6, 13
2
20
- Gross anatomy of Gastro Intestinal Tract, Functions of
its different parts including those of liver, pancreas and
gall bladder, various Gastro Intestinal Tracts and their
role in absorption and digestion of food. Disorders of
digestive system.
8
Water & electrolyte balance:
- Brief overview of body fluids & regulation of
intracellular fluid composition, extracellular fluid
composition, ion concentrations, water content balance.
9
Vitamins, Nutrition & Metabolism:
- Brief overview of different Vitamins.
- Concept of Body Nutrition, metabolism of
carbohydrates, lipid & proteins, metabolic rate.
10
Basic concept on Genetic Disorders:
- Introduction to DNA, Chromosomes, Gene mutation
- Application of genetics in pharmacy
Genetic disorders related to different body system &
organs
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
No.
Aim of the Practical
1
Use & care of Microscope.
2
To find out total W.B.C Count of human blood.
3
To find out Differential W.B.C count of human blood.
4
To find out total R.B.C Count of human blood.
4
To find out Haemoglobin content, oxygen carrying capacity & colour index of
human blood.
5
To find out effect of osmotic pressure on R.B.C of human blood.
6
To find out bleeding and clotting time of human blood.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 53 of 240
No.
Aim of the Practical
7
To Study the effect of Posture on Vital Capacity using Spiro meter.
8
To perform biochemical Analysis of Urine.
(To find out normal & abnormal Constituents of given urine sample.)
9
To perform biochemical Analysis of Urine.
(To find out normal & abnormal Constituents of human urine sample.)
10
Determination of pulse rate, blood pressure, listening to heart sounds with the help of
Sphygmomanometer and Stethoscope.
11
To record electrocardiogram (ECG) of a person.
12
To find out urine glucose estimation by use of urine glucose strip ( DIASTIX)
13
To study following systems using charts and models: Cardiovascular system
Respiratory system, Urinary system, Digestive system.
14
To study histology of different tissues using permanent slides.
Recommended study materials:
1. Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology; Martini F; Prentice hall; 2nd Ed. 1992.
2. Anatomy and physiology; Seeley R R, Stephens T D and Tate P Mosby, St Louis; 3rd
Ed.; 1995.
3. Text book of medical physiology; Guyton; W. B. Saunders Co.; Philadelphiea; 8th Ed.
1991.
4. West J. B. Best and Taylor’s physiological basis of medical practice; Williams and
Wilkins, Baltimone; 12th Ed.1989.
5. Principles of anatomy and physiology; Tortora G. J. and Anagnodokos, N. P.; Harper
and Colling Publishers, New York; 7th Ed. 1992.
6. Human anatomy, physiology and health education; Gandhi, T. P.; B. S. Shah
Prakashan, Ahmedabad; 9th Ed. 1998.
7. Preparatory Manual for undergraduates’ physiology; Joshi, Vijaya D.; B. I. Churchill
Livingstone; 1995.
8. Human physiology; Chatteerjee, C. C.; Medical Allied Agency Calcutta; 10th Ed.1985.
9. Physiology and anatomy; Clancy, John and MoVicet, A. J.; Edward Arnold; 1995.
10. Human Physiology; Subhash Shalya; C. B. S. Publishers New Delhi; 1st Ed. 1994.
11. Human Anatomy; Chaurasia, B.O; C. B. S. Publishers New Delhi; 3rd Ed. 1994
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 54 of 240
12. Anatomy and physiology in health and illness; Ross and Wilson’s; Churchill
Livingstone; 8th Ed. 1995.
13. Health Education and Community Pharmacy; Parmar N. S; C. B. S. Publishers New
Delhi 1995.
14. Practical anatomy Physiology and biochemistry; Goyal R. K.; B. S. Shah Prakashan,
Ahemedabad; 1994.
15. A textbook of history; Garg K. et. al; C. B. S. Publishers, New Delhi; 2nd Ed.1991.
16. Text books of histology; Lesson C. R. et. al.; W. B. Saunders Co.5th Ed.
17. Atlas of anatomy; Aqur, Anne M.R.; Williams and Wilkins 9th Ed.1991.
18. A photographic atlas for the anatomy and physiology lab.; Van de Graaff and
Crewley, J. L.; Mortan Publishing Co.; 3rd Ed. 1991.
19. A text book of practical physiology; Ghai, C. L.; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
(P) Ltd.;4th Ed. 1998.(Practical).
20. Microbiology- An Introduction; Tortora Gerard J; Pearson Edu Asia; 2004.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 55 of 240
BASIC PHARMACOGNOSY-II (PH107)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
The objective of the course is to provide the knowledge about probable types of adulteration
and their detection in herbal drug samples. To introduce the students to phytochemical and
Pharmacognostic features of carbohydrate and lipid containing drugs and types of
pharmaceutical aids.
The students are introduced to the types of phytoconstituents, their physico chemical
properties and the methods of their detection.
Student Learning Outcomes/Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student are expected to
•
Understand different types of adulteration of crude drugs
•
Understand different evaluation methods ascertain the presence or absence of
adulteration
•
Recognize the crude drugs mentioned in the course
•
Learn the pharmacognostic aspects specifically, the sources, the preparation methods
and utilization of those substances obtained from the natural sources.
•
Learn different classes of phytoconstituents along with their exact definition and
physico chemical properties and the preliminary chemical tests to detect those from
plants/ plant extracts.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
•
Black board
•
Over Head Projector
•
Multimedia projector
•
Visit of herbal garden
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 56 of 240
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum No.
Approx.
of Contact Hours
weightage
%
1
Quality control of crude drugs.
11
35 %
2
Introduction to the active phytoconstituents.
5
15 %
3
Systematic Pharmacognostic study of the crude
17
30 %
drugs.
4
Study of pharmaceutical aids.
7
10 %
5
Study of fibers used in pharmacy.
5
10 %
45
100 %
Total
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
No.
1
Unit details
Quality control of crude drugs:
Contact
Hours
References
11
1,3,4,6,8
5
1,3,4,6,8
17
1,3,4,5,
Adulteration of crude drugs and their detection by
organoleptic, microscopic, physical, chemical, biological and
other physical and chemical methods of evaluation.
2
Introduction to the active phytoconstituents:
Introduction to the active constituents of the drugs and their
physico-chemical properties.
3
Systamatic and Pharmacognostic study of the crude drugs:
6,8,7,9
(A) Carbohydrates and derived products: Agar, Guargum,
Acacia, Honey, Isabgol, Pectin, Starch, Sterculia, Tragacanth
and Sodium alginate.
(B) Lipids: Beeswax, Olive Oil, Castor oil, Cocoa butter, Cod
liver oil, sesame oil, wool fat, Linseed oil, Shark liver oil.
4
Study of pharmaceutical aids like Talc, Diatomite, Kaolin,
7
1,3,4,6,8
5
1,3,4,6,8
Bentonite, Gelatin, and Natural colors.
5
Study of fibers used in pharmacy such as Cotton, Silk, Wool,
Nylon, Glass wool, Polyester and Asbestos.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 57 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
No. Aim of the Practical
1
Microscopic studies of Ergastic Contents present in the plant cell.
2
Microscopical study of different types of stomata in different leaf samples.
3
Microscopical study of different types of trichomes in different leaf samples.
4
Determination of Stomatal Index of leaf sample.
5
Determination of Vein islet and Vein termination number of leaf sample.
6
Determination of Palisade Ratio of leaf sample.
7
Quantitative estimation of starch grains in given sample of ginger powder by lycopodium
spore method.
8
Estimation of total Fibre content in give sample of Cinchona Powder.
9
Morphology and microscopy study of Isabgol seed.
10
Morphology and microscopy study of Linseed.
11
Morphological Studies of Lipid and Carbohydrate containing Drugs.
12
Chemical Tests of Lipids and Carbohydrates.
13
Determination of Acid Value and Saponification Value of given Sample of Oil.
14
Determination of Iodine Value and Peroxide value of given Sample of Oil.
Recommended study materials:
a) Text books:
1. Pharmacognosy; C. K. Kokate, A. P. Purohit, S. B. Gokhale; Nirali prakashan, Pune;
39th Edition; 2007.
2. Botany for degree students; A. C. Dutta; Calcutta Oxford university press, New Delhi;
15 impressions; 1994.
3. A textbook of Pharmacognosy; Mamta Shah, Urvashi Shah, Sangita Marfatia; Nirav
and Roopal Prakashan; 2008-09.
4. Textbook of Pharmacognosy I; S. B. Dhake, Parul B. Patel; Nirav and Roopal
Prakashan; 2008-09.
5. Pharmacognosy; J. S. Quadry; B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad; 14th edition; 200809.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 58 of 240
b) Reference books:
6. Pharmacognosy; V. E. Tylar, L. R. Brady, J. E. Habbers; Lea and Febgir Philadelphia;
8th edition; 1981.
7. Pharmacognosy of powdered crude drugs; M. A. Tyenger; Manipal power press; 1st
Edition; 1974.
8. Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy; W. C. Evans; W. B. Saunders Co., Singapore; 15th
Edition; 2008.
9. Text Book Pharmacognosy; T.E. Wallis; CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi; 5th
Edition; Reprint-2005.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 59 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-II (Physical) (PH108)
(Theory)
Credits: 2
Contact Hours per week: 2
Objective of the course:
•
The course covers fundamentals of chemistry including solutions, kinetics, equilibria,
thermodynamics, chemical catalysis, nuclear chemistry and photochemical reactions.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the history
and basic concepts of physical chemistry
•
Students should understand principles of states of matter, aqueous solutions, acidbase chemistry, thermodynamics, chemical catalysis and their applications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher t o a student.
•
Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
Minimum No.
No.
Unit
of Contact
Hours
Approx.
Weightage %
1
The Liquid State
04
20
2
Nuclear and Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
06
10
3
Photochemistry
03
10
4
Electrolytes
05
15
5
Solutions
04
15
6
Chemical Catalysis
02
10
7
Thermodynamics
06
20
30
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 60 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
1
Unit details
The Liquid State
Contact
Hours
References
04
4, 6,7
06
2,4,5,6,7
03
4,5,6,7
05
2,3
04
4,5,6,7
02
4,5,6,7
06
4,5,6,7
Physical properties and applications of surface tension, Parachor,
Viscosity, Refractive index, Optical rotation, Dipole moment of the
chemical constituents in pharmacy.
2
Nuclear and Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
Structure of nucleus, Methods of nuclear radiation measurement,
Nuclear reaction, Fusion and fission, Radiation dosimetry, Radio
opaque contrast medium, (Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of
radio pharmaceuticals). Basic principals of Radioactivity Rays and
Measurement of Radioactivity, Applications.
3
Photochemistry
Consequences of lights adsorption, Jablonski diagram, Quantum
efficiency, Photosensitization reactions.
4
Electrolytes
Extra and intracellular ions: Chlorides, Phosphate, Bicarbonate, Sodium,
Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium. Electrolytes used for replacement
therapy, Physiological acid base balance.
5
Solutions
Ideal and real solutions, Solutions of gases in liquids, Colligative
properties, Partition co-efficient, Conductance and its measurement,
Debye-Huckel theory.
6
Chemical Catalysis
Characteristics of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, Acid-base
catalysis.
7
Thermodynamics
Basic principles, First, Second and Third laws, Zeroth Law, Absolute
temperature scale, Thermochemical equations, Phase equilibria and
Phase rule, One and two component systems.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 61 of 240
Recommended study material:
1. Indian Pharmacopoeia; Government of India: New Delhi, 2007
2. “Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry” Inorganic; J. H. Block, E. B. Roche;
Varghese Publication; Indian edition.
3.
“Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry” Revised by L. M. Atherden, Bentley &
Driver’s ; Oxford Medical Publications; 8th edition.
4. “Essential of Physical Chemistry”; B.S. Bhal, G.D. Tuli and Arun
Bhal, S. Chand and Company Ltd. 23rd Edition,1996.
5. “The Science and Practice of Pharmacy”; Remington, Lipincott, William and Wilkins;
20th edition.
6.
“Advanced Physical Chemistry”, Gurdeep Raj, Goel Publishing House; 20th Edition,
1996.
7. “Textbook of physical chemistry” Soni P. L., Sultan Chand and Sons.
8. “Text book of Physical Chemistry”; Semuel Glasstone, Macmillan India Limited, 2nd
Ed. 1995.
9. “Elements of physical Chemistry”; Peter Atkins, Julio De Paula, Oxford University
Press, 4th Ed. 2007.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 62 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING-II (PH109)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study basic process which are used in different stage during preparation of raw
materials in pharmaceutical industries.
•
Subject gives the guideline for clarification and purification of solid and liquid raw
materials.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of clarification and purification of solid and liquid raw materials in
pharmacy.
•
Students should be able to know the appropriate instrumental requirement for
different types of unit operations used in pharmaceutical industry.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
•
Black board,
•
Over Head Projector
•
Multimedia projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum no.
Approx.
of Contact
Weightage
Hours.
%
1
Filtration
08
18
2
Centrifugation
05
10
3
Evaporation
08
18
4
Distillation
08
18
5
Drying
08
18
6
HVAC
08
18
45
100 %
(Humidity
Ventilation
and
Air
Conditioning)
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 63 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
1
Unit details
Filtration: Theory and mechanism of filtration process, factors
Contact
Hours
Reference
8
2,5,9
5
1,2,8
8
2,7,8,9
8
2,8,9
8
2,5,8
affecting rate of filtration, filter media, filter aids, types of filters,
operation of filters, industrial filters-leaf filter, filter press, rotary
filter, edge filters, cartridge filters, membrane filters, optimum
cleaning cycle in batch filters, etc. Mathematical problems on
filtration.
2
Centrifugation: Principle and theory of centrifugation, industrial
centrifuges-perforated basket centrifuge, sedimentation type
centrifuge, continuous centrifuges etc. Applications in pharmacy.
3
Evaporation: Basic concept of phase equilibria, factors affecting
evaporation, heat transfer in evaporators, Duhring’s Rule and
Raoult’s law, evaporators- natural circulation forced circulation
& film evaporators, single effect and multiple effect evaporators,
mathematic problems.
4
Distillation: Physical concepts, Vapor liquid equilibrium
relationship, volatility & relative volatility, simple steam and
flash distillations, batch and continuous distillation, rectification,
distillation columns (packed, plate) and their efficiency, McCabe
Thiele method for calculation of number of theoretical plates,
azeotropic, molecular & steam distillation, mathematical
problems.
5
Drying: Principle, Moisture content, loss on drying, theory &
mechanism of drying, drying rate and time calculations,
classification of dryers, factors affecting selection of dryers, dryers
used in pharmaceutical industries - tray, vacuum, fluidized bed,
spray, freeze, tunnel, Microwave, Infra Red(IR), rotary dryers.
Mathematical problems on drying.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 64 of 240
No.
6
Unit details
HVAC (Humidity Ventilation and Air Conditioning):
Contact
Hours
Reference
8
2,6,8
Definitions of various terms, wet bulb and adiabatic saturation
temperatures, psychrometric chart and determination of
humidity, equipments for humidification and de-humidification
operations, applications of humidity control in various
pharmaceutical processes. Basic concepts and types of
refrigeration cycles, air conditioning, applications in pharmacy.
Design of HVAC systems.
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
No. Aim of Practical
1
To determine specific cake resistance and resistance offered by filter media on rate of filtration.
2
To study the effect of temperature on rate of filtration
3
To study the effect of filter aids on rate of filtration
4
To find out optimum concentration of filter aid.
5
To study effect of viscosity on rate of filtration.
6
Demonstration of laboratory centrifuge machine.
7
To study effect of temperature on evaporation.
8
To study effect of Surface area on evaporation.
9
To study effect of viscosity on evaporation.
10
To find out EMC, CMC, FMC of given powder.
11
To study effect of surface area on drying.
12
To purify the turpentine oil and find out its molecular weight.
13
To study formation of azeotropic mixture and to separate it using third liquid.
14
15
Calculation of humidity, %RH, Humid heat, Humid Volume by dry bulb and wet bulb
temperature.
To verify Rayleigh’s equation for differential distillation of acetic acid and water.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 65 of 240
Recommended study material:
1. Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook; Robert H Perry, Green D.W., Maloney J.O.;
McGraw Hill Inc., New York; 7th Edition, 1998.
2. Copper and Gun’s Tutorial Pharmacy; S. J. Carter; CBS Publication & Distribution,
New Delhi; 2004
3. Pharmaceutical Engineering; K. Sambamurthy; New Age International Ltd., New
Delhi 2002.
4. Pharmaceutic the Science of Dosage Form Design; M.E. Aulton; Churchill
Livingstone, London; 2002.
5. The Theory & Practice of Industrial Pharmacy; Lachman L., Lieberman H.A., Kanjig
J.L., Varghese Publishing House, Bombay; 3rd edition; 1991.
6. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy; Gennaro A.R.; Lippincott
Williams &Wilkins, Philadelphia; 2004.
7. Pharmaceutics II (Unit Operations); Jani G. K.; B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahmedabad;
2002
8. Pharmaceutical Engineering : Principles and Practice; Subramanyam C.V.S.,
Thimma J, Suresh S.S.; Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi; 2004.
9. Benthley`s Textbook of Pharmaceutics; Rawlins E A; AITBS Pub & Dist Delhi;
2004.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 66 of 240
DISPENSING PHARMACY (PH110)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study basic process which are used in different stage during preparation of
pharmaceutical formulation.
•
Subject gives the guideline for calculation of formulas, labeling, and packing of
different types of pharmaceutical products.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of formulation, labeling, packing of different types of pharmaceutical dosage
forms.
•
Students should be able to know the appropriate dose calculation and drug for
patient
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
•
Black board,
•
Over Head Projector
•
Multimedia projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum No.
Approx
of Contact
Weightage %
Hours
1
Definition and scope
2
5
2
The prescription
4
10
2
Dispensing techniques
4
10
3
Pharmaceutical calculations
8
15
4
Principles involved and procedures adopted in
dispensing
of
various
pharmaceutical
40
16
preparations
5
Incompatibilities
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
11
20
45
100 %
Page 67 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
Unit details
1
Definition and scope
2
The prescription: Handling of prescription, sources of
errors in prescription, care required in dispensing
Contact Hours
Reference
2
2
4
2
4
2
8
2, 3
16
2,4,6
11
2,8
procedures including labeling of dispensed products.
3
Dispensing techniques: Compounding and dispensing
procedures, packaging, storage and stability of medicines,
labelling of dispensed products
4
Pharmaceutical calculations: Posoloy: Calculations of
doses for infants, adults & elderly patients, enlarging and
reducing recipes, percentage solutions, allegation, alcohol
dilution, proof spirit, isotonic solutions, displacements
value etc.
5
Principles involved and procedures adopted in
dispensing of: Liquid Products (Mixtures, solutions,
emulsions, suspensions) external preparations,
suppositories & pessaries, powders and granules, oral unit
dosage forms, inhalations.
6
Incompatibilities: Physical, chemical and therapeutic
incompatibilities observed in prescriptions of above
products: (a) Identifications and correction of
incompatibilities. (b) Inorganic incompatibilities including
incomp. of metals and their salts, non metals, acids, alkalis.
(c) Organic incompatibilities: Purine bases, alkaloids,
pyrazolone derivatives, amino acids, quaternary ammonium
compounds, carbohydrates, glycosides, anesthetics, dyes,
surface active agents.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 68 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
No. Aim of Practical
1
Introduction
- General dispensing procedure
- Weights and measures
- Fundamental operations in Dispensing
- Household measurements
- Study of prescription in general
2
Preparation, labeling and packing of Oral & external solutions
3
Preparation, labeling and packing of solutions used for oral cavities
4
Preparation, labeling and packing of solutions used for nose, ear, eye, rectum, vagina etc.
5
Preparation, labeling and packing of suspensions containing diffusible Solids, in-diffusible
solids, poorly wettable solids.
6
Preparation, labeling and packing of suspensions containing precipitate forming liquids,
suspensions prepared by chemical reaction etc.
7
Preparation, labeling packing of emulsion containing fixed oil, volatile oil, both types of oil,
mineral oil etc.
8
Preparation, labeling & packing of external emulsions.
9
Preparation, labeling and packing of ointments containing Hydrocarbon
Base, water miscible base, absorption base and water soluble base.
10
Preparation labeling & packing of Non-staining ointments, paste, gel, cold cream,
vanishing cream etc.
11
a) To determine the mould capacity
b) To determine the Displacement value
c) Preparation, labeling and packing of Coca butter Suppositories
containing soluble, insoluble, semisolid substances etc.
12
Preparation, labeling & packing of suppositories containing gelatoglycein,
Soap glycerin and macrogol base.
13
Preparation, labeling and packing of Bulk powders, Divided powders etc.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 69 of 240
No. Aim of Practical
14
a) Preparation, labeling and packing of effervescent granules
b) Preparation of Tablet triturates by moulding
c) Preparation of lozenges
15
Evaluating given prescriptions for drug interactions
Recommended study material:
1. Pharmaceutical Practice; Diana M. Collett, Michale E.Aulton; ELBS Pubilshers.
2. Dispensing for pharmaceutical students” by Copper and Gunn by S.J.Carter, 12th Edn.
CBS Publishers.
3. “Pharmaceutical Calculations” by Mitchell J. Stklosa & Howard C.Ansel by
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
4. “Pharmaceutical Dosage forms and Drug delivery systems” by Howard C. Ansel by
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
5. “Pharmaceutical Practice” Edited by A.J. Winfield & R.M.E. Richardes.
6. “Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy” Latest edn. by Mack Publishing
Company.
7. Pharmacy Practice by Stone and Cartis.
8. Copper and Gun’s Tutorial Pharmacy by S.J.Carter.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 70 of 240
ADVANCED MATHEMATICS (MA141)
(Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3(Theory)
Objective of the Course:
To introduce the basic concepts of Mathematics to students passing HSC with B-group.
Pre-requisite:
No additional Pre-requisite required.
Methodology:
The emphasis during Lecture sessions will be on Understanding of Concepts rather than on
complexities of Computational Techniques. Stress is also given on Visual perception through
Mathematical Software. Relevant Illustrations will be provided from the Real World
processes. Sufficient home assignments will be given to the students which will test their
fundamentals and ability to relate Mathematical concepts with reality.
Outline of the Course:
No.
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact Hours
Weightage %
Unit
1
Higher order derivatives and applications
6
14
2
8
17
3
Mean value theorems and expansion of
functions
Laplace Transforms
6
14
4
Ordinary Differential Equations
6
14
5
Linear Differential Equations
8
17
6
Mathematical modeling
11
24
45
100
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 71 of 240
Detailed Syllabus:
1
Contact
Unit details
No.
hours
6
Higher order derivatives and applications
- Real world problems involving concepts of first and higher order
derivatives
- successive differentiation
- nth derivative of elementary functions viz., rational, logarithmic,
trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic
- Leibnitz rule for the nth order derivatives of product of two functions.
2
8
Mean value theorems and expansion of functions:
- Lagrange’s and Cauchy mean value theorems
- expansion of functions
- Maclaurin’s & Taylor’s series expansions
3
6
Laplace Transforms:
- Laplace transforms of elementary functions
- Inverse Laplace transforms
- linearity property
- first and second shifting theorem
- Laplace transforms of derivative and integrals
- applications of Laplace transforms in solving ordinary
differential equations
4
6
Ordinary Differential Equations:
- Modelling of real world problems in terms of first order ODE - Initial
Value problems
- Concept of general and particular solutions
- Existence and Uniqueness solutions by illustrations
- linear, Bernoulli and Exact differential equations
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 72 of 240
5
Contact
Unit details
No.
hours
8
Linear Differential Equations:
- Model of real world problems of higher order LDE
- Complementary function and particular integral
- LDE of higher order with constant coefficients
- Methods for finding particular integrals viz., variation of parameters
and undetermined coefficients
- LDE of higher order with variable coefficients viz., Cauchy’s and
Legendre’s homogeneous linear differential equations
- System of two first order linear differential equations.
6
11
Mathematical modeling:
- Construction of mathematical models
- growth of bacteria
- rate of decay
- Newton’s law of cooling,
- diffusion and fick’s law of diffusion
- effects of immigration and immigration on population size,
- spread of infectious diseases,
- model for diffusion of glucose,
Recommended study materials:
1. Calculus and Analytical Geometry; Thomas G. B. and R. L. Finney; Addision Wesley;
9th Ed., 1996.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreyszig; Jhon Wiley & Sons, India, 8th
Ed., 1999
3. Calculus Early Transcendental; Stewart James; Thomson India, 5th Ed., 2007
4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics; Wylie & Barrett; Mc graw Hill publication.
5. Advanced Engineering Mathematics; Greenberg M D; Pearson Educat, 2nd edition.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 73 of 240
COMMUNICATION SKILLS-II (EN104)
(Theory and Practical)
Credits: 1 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 1 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objectives of the Course:
•
To sharpen Communication Skills of the students with reference to Organizational
Structure,
•
To expose them to the modern modes of communication, and
•
To prepare the students for Campus Interviews
Instructional Method and Pedagogy:
•
Lectures will be taken in class room and practicals will be conducted in the language
lab with the use of multi-media presentations / black board work and mix of both.
•
Some assignments and Presentation Tasks will be given.
•
Students will also be engaged in interpersonal communication activities such as
group discussion, role plays, simulations, just a minute sessions, etc.
•
Mock Interviews will be conducted for practice
Outline of the course (Theory and Practical):
Minimum No.
No.
Unit
contact of
hours
1.
The Internet, Communication, and Contemporary
Approx.
Weightage %
07
8
07
9
Society
2.
Advanced
Interpersonal
and
Organizational
Communication
3.
Group Communication and Group Dynamics
05
9
4.
Advanced Report Writing
07
16
5.
Effective Presentation Strategies
10
16
6.
Group Discussion
08
16
7.
Interview Skills
08
15
8.
Applying
08
11
60
100 %
Communication
to
Internships
in
Organizations
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 74 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory and Practical):
No.
1
Contact
Unit details
Hours
The Internet, Communication, and Contemporary Society:
07
An Introduction to Modern Day Communication
Theories of group and community communication
Understanding Internet communication and its social implications
Basic terms, concepts, and contexts of Internet Communication
2
Advanced Interpersonal and Organizational Communication :
07
Introduction to Interpersonal and Organizational Communication
Levels of Communication
Essentials of Organizational Communication
3
Group Communication and Group Dynamics :
05
Introduction to Group Communication
Introduction to Group Dynamics
Communication Networks within and outside the Groups
Social & Behavioural Sciences and Group Communication
4
Advanced Report Writing:
07
An introduction to Report Writing
Types of Reports
Organizing Information & Collaborative Writing
Drafting and Revising Documents for Grammar, Mechanics and Coherence
Designing effective documents and visuals
5
Effective Presentation Strategies:
10
Why and How in Presentation
Presentation Mechanics and Presentation Process
Managing Yourself during Q and A Session
Fundamentals of Persuasions
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 75 of 240
No.
6
Unit details
Contact
Hours
Group Discussion:
08
Introduction to Group discussions
Group Discussion as a part of the selection process
Guidelines for group discussion
Roles and functions in group discussion
7
Interviews:
08
Introduction to Interviews
General preparations for an interview
Types of questions generally asked at the interviews
Types of interviews
Importance of nonverbal aspects
8
Applying Communication to Internships in Organizations:
08
Communication in Organizations
Role of Communication in Organizations
Theories of interpersonal communication and organization structures
Communication Management in an Organization
Recommended Study Material:
Reference reading:
1. Effective English for Engineers and Technologists; Dr. Rai Ajay.
2. Spoken English 2nd Edition; Sreevalsan M. C.
3. English for Technical Communication Volume 2&2 Combined; Laxminarayan R. K.
Additional Reading:
4. English for Technical Communication Volume 2&2 Combined; Laxminarayan R. K.
5. Longman Dictionary of Common Errors; Turton N. D.
6. Learning to Communicate: A Resource Book for Scientists and Technologists English
1 & 2; Chellammal V.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 76 of 240
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS (PH111)
(Practical)
Credits: 1.5 (Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study basic fundamental of engineering drawing.
•
To study the making and reading of drawings
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the
basic concepts of engineering drawing.
•
Students should gain knowledge of the appropriate operating procedure of
engineering drawing.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
•
Black board,
•
Over Head Projector
•
Multimedia projector
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No.
01
List of Practical
Introduction to Engineering Graphics
Instrument used in Engineering Drawing
02
Lay out of Drawing Sheet and Line, Letters and Numbers
03
Scale and Dimensions
04
05
Introduction of Orthographic Projections
Principle of first and third angle projection with example
Introduction of Isometric Projections
Isometric view and Isometric projection with example
06
Sectioning
07
Overview of computer aided drafting and 3D Modeling
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 77 of 240
Recommended study material:
15. Engineering Drawing; N. D. Bhatt; Charotar publishing house, Anand; 2006
16. Engineering Drawing and Graphics; K Venugopal; New Age International, New
Delhi; 4th Edition; 2003.
17. Machine Drawing for Pharmacy Students; K.Sampath, Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi; 2nd Edition; 2008.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 78 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 3)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 79 of 240
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (PH201)
(Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the principles of Pathophysiology as well as basic concepts
of pathogenesis related to Diseases.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the concept of
Pathophysiology which is a prerequisite for understanding the concepts of pharmacology. In
addition they will be able to know about pathogenesis & alteration of normal physiology of
common diseases.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black board and multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Unit
Minimum No.
of Contact
Hours
Approx.
Weightage
%
1
Basic concepts of Pathophysiology.
1
2
2
Basic Principles of cell injury and adaptation
3
7
3
Inflammation
6
13
4
Pathology of Tissue Repair Process
3
7
5
Immunological Disorders
3
7
6
Pathophysiology of common diseases of following organ system:
• Cardiovascular disorders
• Endocrine disorders
• Gastrointestinal disorders
• Respiratory disorders
• Central nervous system
• Hematological disorders
• Communicable diseases
Total
29
64
45
100%
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 80 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Name of Chapter
1
Basic concepts of Pathophysiology
2
Basic Principles of cell injury and adaptation
3
Inflammation: Definition, types and etiology of inflammation
4
Pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammation.
Pathology of Tissue Repair Process
5
Immunological Disorders:
•
6
Hypersensitivity: Definition, classification with
examples
• Autoimmunity: Definition, classification and general
mechanism of Autoimmune diseases
Pathophysiology of common diseases/ disorders:
•
References
Hrs.
required
1,2,3,12
1
3,13
3
3,6,9,11,12
6
3,12,15
3
3,6,9,12,11
3
29
6
Cardiovascular diseases / disorders- Hypertension,
Angina Pectoris , Myocardial Infarction, Congestive
•
Heart failure, Cardiac arrhythmias, Atherosclerosis
3,4,5,6,7,8,9,
(CAD), Stroke
10,11,12,13,14
4
Endocrine disorders- Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid &
Parathyroid diseases, Adrenal gland diseases
•
3
Gastrointestinal disorders- Peptic ulcer disease,
Inflammatory Bowel disease, Cirrhosis
•
3
Respiratory disorders- Bronchial asthma, Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
•
5
Central nervous system diseases / disordersEpilepsy, Parkinsonism, Schizophrenia, Depression,
Migraine
•
Hematological disorders- Anemia, Leukemia
•
Communicable diseases :AIDS, Leprosy, Malaria,
4
4
Tuberculosis, Enteric fever,Hepatitis.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 81 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1. Focus on Pathophysiology, 9th edition, 1999, Barbara A. Bullock and Reet L. Henze
Lippincott Williams & wilkins, Philadelphia.
2. Basic Pathophysiology: A conceptual approach, 1979, B.Broer & shekleton C.V.
(Mosby Company)
3. Robbin’s Pathologic Basis of Disease, 6th edition, 1999, Cotran R.S., Kumar V and
Collins T. W.B.Saunders, Philadelphia
4. Principles of Internal Medicine Vol. I & II ed. By Harrison.
5. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. 17th Ed. 1999-2004. Edited by Mark H.
Beers and Robert Berkow. Published by: Merck & Co.Inc., USA.
6. Pathophysiology: P Maurice A. Mufson. 2nd edition, August 2001, McGraw-Hill
companies.
7. Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, 2nd edition, Roger Walker; Churchill Livingstone
Publication.
8. Pathology and Therapeutics for pharmacists: A basis for clinical pharmacy practice,
Green and Harris, Chapman and Hall publication.
9. Pharmacotherapy : A pathophysiologic approach – Joseph T. Dipiro et. al. Appleton
& Lange.
10. Stefan Silbemagi, Florian Lang. Color Atlas of Pathophysiology. 1st Ed., June 2000,
Thieme Medical Publishers.
11. Sylvia A. Price, Lorraine M. Wilson et al. Pathophysiology: Clinical Concepts of
Disease Processes.6th Edition,Oct.2002, Elsevier Science Publishers.
12. Pathophysiology-Lippincott’s Review Series 2nd Edition, Feb 1999. Ed.Catherine
Paradiso.
13. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics – Eric T. Herfindal, Williams and Wilkins
Publication.
14. Gorgon C. Cook& Alimuddin Zumla, Manson’s Tropical Diseases, twenty first
edition,
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 82 of 240
PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY-I (PH202)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with Pharmacognostic study of tannin, resin and volatile oil
containing crude drugs, utilized as medicine.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the pharmacognostic aspects specifically, the sources, the preparation methods
and utilization of tannin, resin and volatile oil containing drugs.
•
Understand basic idea of extraction, isolation and separation of active
phytoconstituents from medicinal plants
•
Understand concept of phytochemical screening of the phytoconstituents obtained
from the natural sources.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board,
•
using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 83 of 240
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
Study of drugs containing resins combinations
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
12
2.
Study of tannins and tannin containing drugs
5
15
3.
Study of Volatile oil containing drugs
16
45
4.
Basic idea of extraction, isolation and separation of active
12
20
45
100%
References
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
constituents from medicinal plants and Phytochemical Screening
Total
Approx.
weightage
%
20
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
Study of drugs containing resins combinations:
Introduction, classification, general properties, chemical tests of
resins. Pharmacognostic Studies of the following resin containing
1,2,3,4,
drugs: Colophony, Podophyllum, Jalap, Cannabis, Capsicum,
5,6,7,12
12
myrrh, Asafoetida, balsam of Tolu, balsam of Peru, Benzoin,
turmeric and Ginger.
2.
Study of tannins and tannin containing drugs:
Introduction, classification, general properties, chemical tests.
Drugs: Black catechu, pale catechu and Myrobalans.
3.
1,2,3,4,
5,6,7,12
5
Study of Volatile oil containing drugs:
Introduction, classification, general properties, chemical tests and
General methods of obtaining volatile oils from plants.
Pharmacognostic Studies of the following
drugs, containing
volatile oils: Mentha, Coriander, Caraway, Dill, Fennel, Cinnamon,
1,2,3,4,5,
6,7,8,9,12
Lemon peel, Orange peel, Lemon grass, Clove, Nutmeg, Eucalyptus,
Chenopodium, Cardamom, Valerian, Sandalwood.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 84 of 240
16
4.
Basic idea of extraction, isolation and separation of active
constituents
from
medicinal
plants
and
Phytochemical
Screening:
Basic principle of extraction. The factors which may affect the
extraction process. Different types of extracts and their
1,2,3,4,5,
preparations. The comparative studies of different methods
6,7,10,11,12
12
employed for extraction of phytoconstituents.
Phyto chemical Screening of alkaloids, saponins, cardenolides,
bufadienolides, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, cyanogenetic
glycosides and amino acids in different extracts.
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
No. Aim of the Practical
1
Pharmacognostic study of Coriander fruit and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
2
Pharmacognostic study of Fennel fruit and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
3
Pharmacognostic study of Cinnamon bark and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
4
Pharmacognostic study of Clove flower bud and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
5
Pharmacognostic study of Eucalyptus leaf and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
6
Pharmacognostic study of Cardamom seeds and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
7
Pharmacognostic study of Mentha leaf and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
8
Morphological Evaluation of the Tannin and Resin containing drugs.
9
Chemical Tests for Tannins and Resins.
10
Isolation of volatile oil.
11
Successive solvent extraction and detection of phytoconstituents.
12
Preparation of extracts by different methods and determine the extractive values.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 85 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1.
Pharmacognosy: C.K.Kokate, A.P.Purohit, S.B.Gokhale, Nirali prakashan, Pune, 39th Edition,
2007.
2.
Pharmacognosy and pharmacobiotechnology, Ashutosh Kar, New Age International (P) Ltd,
Publishers, 2nd edition 2007.
3.
A Text Book of Pharmacognosy: C. S. Shah, J. S. Quadry, B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad,
8th edition, 1990
4.
Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy: W. C. Evans, W.B.Saunders Co., Singapore, 15th Edition
2008.
5.
Text Book Pharmacognosy: T.E. Wallis, CBS Publishers and Distributors Delhi- 5th Edition,
Reprint, 1997.
6.
Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Part I and II, Vinod D. Rangari, Carrier Publications, 1st
Edition, Reprint, 2007.
7.
Pharmacognosy: V. E. Tylar, L. R. Brady, J. E. Habbers, Lea and Febgir Philadelphia, 8th
Edition, 1981.
8.
Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants, Handa S.S. and Kaul M.K., Regional Research
Laboraotry, Jammu, 1st Edition, 1997.
9.
Pharmacognosy of powdered crude drugs: M. A. Iyenger, Manipal Power Press, 1st Edition,
1974.
10.
Mukherji P. K., Quality Control of Herbal Drugs, Business Horizon Pharma. Publishers, 1st
Edition, 2002.
11.
Herbal drug technology, S. S. Agrawal and M. Paridhavi, Univeristies Press, 1st Edition, 2007.
12.
Essentials of Pharmacognosy, S. H. Ansari, Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd., 1st edition, 2005-2006.
13.
Microscopic profile of powdered drugs used in Indian systems of medicine, Malti G. Chauhan
and Pillai A.P.G., volume 1, Leaf drugs, (2005), Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar.
14.
Microscopic profile of powdered drugs used in Indian systems of medicine, Malti G. Chauhan
and Pillai A.P.G., volume 2, bark drugs, (2007), Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 86 of 240
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I (PH203)
(Theory & Practical)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of organic
chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study organic compounds used as
pharmaceutical aids, therapeutic agents and diagnostic agents.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of the history and
basic concepts of organic chemistry.
•
Students should be able to describe in detail synthetic approaches as well as
mechanisms of action of some important organic base therapeutic and diagnostic
agents.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Unit
Minimum
Number of
Contact
Hours
Approx.
Weightage
%
04
9
Empirical Formula, Molecular Formula, Determination of
1
molecular masses
2
Structure of Organic Molecule
04
9
3
Factors affecting electron availability
04
9
4
IUPAC Nomenclature of organic compounds.
03
7
04
9
Structure, Nomenclature, preparation, physicochemical
5
properties and reaction of Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 87 of 240
6
Nucleophilic substitution at saturated and aryl carbon atom.
08
17
7
Elimination reactions
03
7
8
Stereochemistry
08
17
07
16
45
100%
Structure,
9
Nomenclature,
physicochemical
properties,
preparation and reaction of: cyccloalkanes, Dienes, Alkyl
halides, Alcohols. Ethers, Epoxides.
Total
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
No.
1
Unit
Empirical Formula, Molecular Formula, Determination of molecular
References
1,2
Hrs.
required
04
1,2,5,6
04
1,2,5,6
04
1,2,5,6
03
masses - Victor Meyer's Method, Elemental Estimation Techniques
(C, H, O, N and X) Liebig's method, Dumas' method, Kjeldahl's method, and Carius
method
2
Structure of Organic Molecule
a. Atomic Orbitals,
b. Hybridization,
c. Sigma and Pi bonds,
d. Intermolecular forces and related properties,
e. Conjugation,
f. Bond length and bond energies
g. Polarity of Bonds and Molecules
3
Factors affecting electron availability
a. Inductive effects,
b. Resonance effects,
c. Hyper conjugation,
d. Steric effects,
e. Application of these factors on the strength of acids and bases Bond
length,
f. Tautomerism
4
IUPAC Nomenclature of organic compounds.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 88 of 240
5
Structure, Nomenclature, preparation, physicochemical properties
1, 2, 3
04
1,2,5,6
08
1,2,5,6
03
1,2,5,6
08
1,2,5,6
07
and reaction of Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes
6
Nucleophilic substitution at saturated and aryl carbon atom.
a. Relation between Kinetics and mechanism of SN1 and SN2
reactions
b. Sterochemical Implications.
c. Factors affecting Nucleophilic substitution reactions
I. Effect of Solvent,
II. Effect of Structure,
III. Effect of Nucleophile,
IV. Effect of leaving group
d. Application of these in preparation and reactions of alkyl halides,
alcohols, epoxides
e. Nucleophilic substitutions at aryl carbon atom
7
Elimination reactions
a. Elimination reaction & Factors affecting it
b. E1, E2 and E1 (cb) Mechanism.
c. Orientation in E1 and E2 reactions (Saytzaff and Hoffmann
elimination).
d. Elimination versus substitution.
8
Stereochemistry
Chirality, optical activity, stereoisomerism, nomenclature and
associated physicochemical properties, specification of configuration,
resolution of racemic mixture, reactions involving stereoisomers,
stereoselective and stereospecific reactions, conformations – alkanes
and cycloalkanes, chiral reagents, stereochemistry of biphenyls,
allenes, and spirans – specification of their configuration.
9
Structure, Nomenclature, physicochemical properties, preparation
and reaction of: cycloalkanes, Dienes, Alkyl halides, Alcohols. Ethers,
Epoxides.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 89 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No.
1
2
Aim of the Practical
References
Explanation for handling of hazardous chemicals in laboratory.
3,7
Identification of unknown organic compound (acid, base, neutral and
phenolic).
3,7
Introduction and detailed demonstration to various synthetic techniques
3
and apparatus used therein.
Heating and cooling methods, distillation, reaction work-up, filtration,
3,7
extraction, purification, identification.
4
Introduction to the use of stereo models
3,7
Recommended Study Material:
1. Organic Chemistry by Morrison & Boyd, 6th edition, Pearson Education.
2. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reaction, Mechanism and Structure by Jerry March 4th
edition, A Wiley-Interscience Publication.
3. Vogel’s Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry- Brian Furniss, Antony Hannaford,
Peter Smith, Austrin (Eds), 5th edition, ELBS Publication, Singapore, 1997.
4. Experimental Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, A Becnchtop Manual by K. S. Jain, P.
B. Miniyar & T. S. Chitre, 2nd Edition Carrier publications,.
5. Organic Chemistry by I. A. Finar
6. A Guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry by Peter Sykes
7. Organic Chemistry, G. Marc Loudon, 4th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2004.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 90 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-I (PH204)
(Theory & Practical)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the principles of pharmaceutical analysis and its application
in pharmacy.
Student Learning Outcomes/Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the fundamental concept of
pharmaceutical analysis, which is important for qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of
drug substances and drug product.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black board and multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Minimum No.
Unit
of Contact
Hours
Approx.
Weightage %
1
Basics of drugs and formulation analysis
5
10
2
Acid Base Titrations
7
17
3
Oxidation- Reduction Titrations
6
14
4
Argentometric or precipitation titrations
6
14
5
Non-aqueous titrations
4
8
6
Complexometric titrations
4
8
7
Gravimetric analysis
7
17
8
Extraction techniques
4
8
9
Miscellaneous Method
2
4
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 91 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
No.
1.
References
Unit
Hrs.
Required
Basics of drugs and formulation analysis:
1, 2
5
1, 2,3,6
7
2,3,6,7
6
2,7,8
6
weights, balances, importance of analysis, quality control and quality
assurance, analytical methods (classification, validation parameters),
requirements – chemicals
types, purification, checking purity),
glasswares (types, calibration, cleaning), sampling techniques, sampling
error minimization. Units of concentrations. Errors science, errors
minimization. Numerical based in statistics like T-test, F-test, Chi
square test.
2
Acid Base Titrations:
Relative strength and its effect on titration, common ion effect, pH,
Henderson-Hesselbach equation, buffers, neutralization curve, acid bas
indicators, theory of indicators, back titrations, biphasic titrations,
pharmacopoeial applications, hydrolysis of salts, ionic products of water
and law of mass action.
3
Oxidation- Reduction Titrations:
Theory of redox titrations, redox indicators, types of redox titrations,
iodometry, cerrimetry, mercurymetry, diazotization nitrite titrations,
2,6-dichlorophenol
indophenol
titrations,
titration
curve
and
calculations of potentials during course of titrations.
4
Argentometric or precipitation titrations :
Mohr’s, Fajan’s and Volhard’s methods
5
Non-aqueous titrations:
2,4,5,6
4
Nonaqueous solvents, titrants and indicators. Differentiating and
leveling solvents.
Complexometric titrations:
6
Theory of the titrations, titrant, indicators and pharmacopoeial
7
applications. analysis:
Gravimetric
2,8,9
4
2,3,9,10
7
Stability, solubility products, types of precipitations, precipitation
techniques, pharmacopoeial applications.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 92 of 240
8
Extraction techniques :
2,4,6
4
2,7,10
2
Simple extraction, multiple extractions, separation of drugs in
multicomponent system. Effect of pH on extractability of drugs,
continuous extractions.
9
Miscellaneous Method:
Karl Fischer Titration, Gasometry.
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No.
1 (A)
Aim of Practical
Introduction of titration
(B)
Introduction to weight and analytical Balance
(C)
Cleaning and Calibration of laboratory glasswares.
2 (A)
(B)
3
References
1,2
To prepare and standardize 0.1 N NaOH using KHP
1,2
To prepare and standardize 0.1 N HCl using anhydrous Na2CO3
To determine %W/V of NaOH and Na2CO3 by IP and BP method in terms of
total alkali in given sample.
4 (A)
(B)
5 (A)
To prepare and standardize HClO4
1,2
To perform the assay of Sodium Benzoate
To prepare and standardize 0.1M AgNO3 solution.
1,2
(B)
To determine %w/v of NaCl by Mohr’s method
6
To determine %W/V of NaCl by Fajan’s method in given sample solution.
To determine %W/V of Ammonium chloride by Volhard’s method in given
7
sample solution.
8(A)
To prepare and standardize Disodium EDTA solution.
(B)
To perform the assay of Ca Gluconate.
9
To determine % w/v Na Oxalate and Oxalic acid in given mixture.
10(A)
To determine %W/V of FeSO4 in given sample
11
To determine %W/V of Borax and boric acid (H3BO3) as per IP’96.
12(A)
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
To prepare and standardize KMnO4 solution.
(B)
1,2
1,2
1,2
To prepare and standardize 0.1N Na2S2O3 solution.
(B)
To prepare and standardize 0.1N iodine solution.
(C)
To determine % w/v of I2 and KI in given sample
© CHARUSAT 2012
1,2
Page 93 of 240
Recommended Study Material:
1. Pharmacopoeia: USP, B.P., I.P.
2. Quantitative chemical analysis – Vogel A.I, Pearson Education., 5th Edn, 1996.
3. Quantitative Analysis R.A.Day and A.L.Underwood Prentice Hall of India, 6th Edn,
1993.
4. Analytical Chemistry by R.M.Verma CBS Publishers 2nd Edn, 1991.
5. Quantitative chemical analysis by Gilbert H.Ayers. Harper and Row New York 2nd
Edn. 1968.
6. A Textbook of pharmaceutical analysis by Kenneth A. Connors. Jon Wiley and sons,
3rd Edn, 1982
7. Analysis chemistry by Gary D. Cheristian, John Wiley and sons N.Y.5th Edn,1994
8. Quantitative analysis by V.Alexeyev. Mir publishers, Moscow, First Edn. 1994.
9. Pharmaceutical Analysis by T.higchi etc. CBS Publishers, New Delhi. First Edn, 1997.
10. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, Hollar and Nieman, Harcourt College
Publishers, Philadelphia, 1998.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 94 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING-III (PH205)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per Week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
To study unit operations like size reduction, size separation, mixing and
crystallization. These Unit operations have applications in manufacturing and
compounding of dosage forms. Some unit operations also have applications in
manufacturing of bulk drugs.
It is also intended to make students familiar with process control systems, industrial
hazards and safety precautions.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
To develop skills with respect to applications of unit operations like size reduction,
size separation, mixing and crystallization, compounding/preparation of
pharmaceutical products at laboratory level.
To understand construction and working of equipments used for unit operation.
To understand applications of these unit operations in manufacturing of
drugs/dosage forms.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
Black board
Over Head Projector or Multimedia projector
In addition students shall be demonstrated the working of available equipments in
the institute. They can also observe the working of equipments during industrial
visit.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 95 of 240
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Unit
Size reduction
Size separation
Mixing
Crystallization
Particle Engineering
Automated Process Control Systems
Industrial Hazards and Safety Precautions
Total
Minimum no. of
contact hour
08
07
07
09
02
07
05
45
Appprox.
Weightage %
17
16
16
20
05
16
10
100%
Detail syllabus (Theory):
Topic Name
Reference Book
Size Reduction:
• Objectives, theory of size reduction, energy requirement in size
reduction, factors influencing size reduction, limit of size
reduction, wet and dry milling, application.
• Selection of size reduction equipment
• Study of various mills including ball mill, hammer mill, fluid
energy mill, colloid mill, cutter mill
• Introduction to methods of generating nanoparticles
Size Separation: • Principles of size separation, screens- types, Pharmacopoeial
standards, screening methods
• Screening equipments including shaking and vibrating screens,
gyratory screens, sedimentation tank, elutriation and cyclone
type separators
• Application of size separation in pharmacy
Mixing:
• Theory of mixing, mixing mechanisms, types of mixtures
• Solid – solid, solid – liquid and liquid – liquid mixing
equipments
• Semisolid mixing
• Importance of content uniformity in solid dosage forms
Crystallization:• Objectives, crystal lattice, types of crystal, crystal form, size and
habit, formation of crystals, supersaturation theory, factors
affecting crystallization process, crystal growth
• Study of various types of crystallizers: Swenson walker, tanks,
circulating magma, vacuum and crystal cooling crystallizer
• Spherical crystallization and its application in pharmacy
• Brief introduction of co-crystals
2,3,4,5
Numbers
of Hours
8
2,3,4,6
7
2,3,6
7
1,6,7
9
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 96 of 240
Particle Engineering:
• Introduction
• Potential advantages of particle engineered drugs
• Particle Engineering Technologies
• Challenges with particle engineering approaches
Automated Process Control Systems:
• Temperature, pressure, vacuum, flow level and their
measurements
• Elements of automatic process control systems
Industrial Hazards and Safety Precautions:
• Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, Fire and dust hazards
• Introduction to waste water treatment in industry
7
2
4,8
7
4,9
5
Detail syllabus (Practical):
Sr. no.
1.
2.
Aim of Practical
To study the effect of concentration of solid on the rate of sedimentation by Andersen
apparatus.
To determine energy utilized by ball mill for size reduction process.
3.
To determine particle size distribution of given sample of granules by sieving method.
4.
To determine % yield of crystals in crystallization experiment under different conditions.
5.
To produce crystals using different conditions of crystallization and to study the crystal
habit.
6.
To perform the experiment on crystallization and plot mier’s solubility curve.
7.
To study the effect of speed and time on solid liquid mixing.
8.
9.
To determine the mixing efficiency of two immiscible liquid using variable speed propeller
mixer.
To determine mixing index of a given powder mixture using double cone blender.
10.
To determine the rate of mixing of solid in liquid using a magnetic stirrer at different speeds.
11.
Demonstration of following instruments:
12.
A. Hammer mill
B. Jaw crusher
Demonstration of following instruments:
A. Vibrating (Oscillating) Sifter
B. Double Cone Mixer
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 97 of 240
Recommended study materials: (Latest Edition)
1. Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook - Robert H Perry, Green D.W., Maloney J.O.,
McGraw – Hill Inc., New York
2. Tutorial Pharmacy by Cooper & Gunn, ed. S. J. Carter, CBS Publishers &
Distributors, Delhi
3. Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage form Design, Aulton M E, Churchill
Livingstone, London
4. The Theory & Practice of Industrial Pharmacy – Lachman L., Lieberman H.A. &
Kanjig J.L., Varghese Publishing House, Bombay
5. Alfonso G. Remington: The Science & Practice of Pharmacy. Vol. I & II. Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia
6. Introduction to Chemical Engineering, W. L. Badger and J. T. Banchero, Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi
7. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, James Swarbrick, Informa Healthcare,
USA
8. Principles and Practice of Automatic Process Control, C. A. Smith and A. Corripio,
John Willey & Sons, Inc., USA
9. Industrial Hazards and Plant Safety, Sanjoy Banerjee, Taylor and Francis, New York
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 98 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL JURISPRUDENCE (PH206)
(Theory)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per Week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
To familiarize a student with laws that influences the working of pharmacist in drug
store/chemist and druggist/pharmacy or in pharmaceutical industry or in Food and
Drug Administration or in an Educational Institute.
To familiarize a student with respect to code of ethics given by Pharmacy Council of
India.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
How to become a responsible person while discharging duty as a pharmacist in
different facets of pharmacy profession.
To acquire certain knowledge related to laws that help in becoming a pharma
entrepreneur.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
Black board
Over Head Projector or Multimedia projector
By discussing different Cases
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Unit
Brief Historical Review of drug legislation in India
Code of pharmaceutical ethics given by Pharmacy Council of
India
Pharmacy Act 1948
Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and Rules 1945
Medicinal and Toilet Preparations (excise duties) Act 1955
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic substances Act 1985 and
Rules
Drugs Price Control Order 1995
Drugs and Magic Remedies (objectionable advertisements)
Act, 1954
Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1970 and Rules 1975
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum no.
of contact
hours
3
Approx.
weightage
%
7
2
4
3
11
3
7
25
7
3
7
2
4
2
4
3
7
Page 99 of 240
10
11
12
13
14
15
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960
States Shops and Establishments Act and Rules
Patent Act1970 and Amendment rules 2005
Poisons Act 1919
Pharmaceutical Policy 2002
A brief introduction of guidelines of regulatory agencies like
USFDA and MHRA for approval of manufacturing premises of
pharmaceutical industry and comparison of it with Schedule
M of Drugs & Cosmetics Act 1940
Total
3
2
3
1
2
7
4
7
2
4
2
4
45
100
Detail syllabus (Theory):
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
Unit
Brief Historical Review of drug legislation in India:
• Advance of Allopathic system
• Drug Enquiry Committee and aftermath
• Drug act, Pharmacy act and Other Legislation
Code of pharmaceutical ethics given by Pharmacy Council of
India
• General introduction to code of pharmaceutical ethics
• Pharmacist in relation to his job, Pharmacist in relation to his
trade Pharmacist in relation to medical profession,
Pharmacist in relation to his profession
• Pharmacist Oath
Pharmacy Act 1948:
• Introduction, Objectives
• Pharmacy Council of India, State Pharmacy Council
• Offences and Penalties
Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and Rules 1945:
• Introduction, Import, Manufacturing, Sale, Labeling and
Packaging of Drugs
• Administration of Act, Provisions applicable to Ayurvedic,
Siddhha and Unani Drugs, Provisions applicable to
Homeopathic medicines, Provision applicable to Cosmetics
Medicinal and Toilet Preparations (Excise Duties) Act 1955:
• Introduction, Manufacturing in Bond, Out side bond
• Provisions related to Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, Patent and
Proprietary Preparations
• Warehousing and Export of alcoholic preparations
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic substances Act 1985 and Rules:
• Introduction
• Definitions
• Narcotic Drugs
• Psychotropic substances
© CHARUSAT 2012
Reference
Books
Minimum
no. of
contact
hours
1,2
3
1,2
2
1,2,7
3
1,2,9,12
11
1,2,10
3
1,2,4
3
Page 100 of 240
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
• Authorities and Officers
• Prohibition, Control and Regulation
• Offences and Penalties
Drugs Price Control Order 1995:
• Introduction
• Definitions
• Prices of Bulk Drugs
• Retail Price of Formulations
Drugs and Magic Remedies (objectionable advertisements) Act,
1954:
• Introduction, Definitions
• Prohibited Advertisements, Prohibition on Import & Export
of Advertisements
• Offences and Penalties
Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1970 and Rules 1975:
• Introduction
• Termination of Pregnancies
• Offences and Penalties
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960
States Shops and Establishments Act and Rules:
• Introduction
• Registration of Establishment
• Work in Establishment, Work Environments, Service
Conditions,
• Inspection of Establishment
• Offences and Penalties
Patent Act 1970 and Amendment rules 2005
Poisons Act 1919:
• Introduction
• Import of Poison
• Possession and Sale of Poison
• Offences and Penalties
Pharmaceutical Policy 2002:
• Introduction, Objectives of Pharmaceutical Policy 2002
• Pricing of Pharmaceutical formulations with respect to
Pharmaceutical Policy 2002
• Quality Aspects with respect to Pharmaceutical Policy 2002
• Pharma Education and Training with respect to
Pharmaceutical Policy 2002
A brief introduction of guidelines of regulatory agencies like
USFDA and MHRA for approval of manufacturing premises of
pharmaceutical industry and comparison of it with Schedule M
of Drugs & Cosmetics Act 1940
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
1,2,6
2
1,2
2
1,2,5
3
1,2,11
3
1,2
2
1,2,3
3
1,2,8
1
1,2,13
2
1,2,14,15
2
45
Page 101 of 240
Recommended study materials: (Latest Edition)
1. A textbook of Forensic Pharmacy by B. M. Mithal
2. A textbook of Forensic Pharmacy by N. K. Jain, Vallbh Prakashan
3. The Patents Act 1970 with Patents Rules 1972
4. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance Act, 1985 (with the Prevention of
illicit traffic in Narcotic drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1988 along with
Allied Rules and Orders, 1993)
5. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1971, along with the Medical Termination
of Pregnancy Rules 1975
6. The drugs (price control) order 1987-alongwith new drug policy 1994 and drug (price
control) order 1995
7. The Pharmacy Act 1948
8. The Poisons Act 1999
9. The Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940
10. The Medicinal and Toilet Preparations Act 1955
11. Prevention of Cruelty to Animal Act 1960
12. Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 by Vijay Malik
13. http://pharmaceuticals.gov.in/acts&policies/pharmaceuticalpolicy2002.pdf/
14. http://www.fda.gov/
15. http://www.mhra.gov.uk/
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 102 of 240
LIFE MANAGEMENT SKILLS (MB220)
(Practical)
Credits: 1.5 (Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
•
To prepare students to internalise personality traits so that they can perform their
roles in their lives;
•
To develop the students’ negotiating and salesmanship skills; and
•
To help the students manage their emotions for achieving a harmonious work-life
balance.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student should have developed skills and self-confidence
necessary for performance in life.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
•
•
•
Discussions of concepts and cases
Exercise-based Practice and Simulation Games
Students’ Interview / presentations based on Project
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
9
Approx.
weightage
%
1.
Understanding & Mapping Personality
2.
Forming the Habits for Effectiveness
15
30
3.
Emotional Management
15
30
4.
Negotiation and Salesmanship
06
20
45
100%
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
20
Page 103 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
2.
3.
4.
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
Understanding & Mapping Personality
• Introduction
• Personality Factors
(Leadership Morale Vs. Individual Motivation)
• Types of Personality
• Mapping Personality
(SWOT Analysis and Exercises)
• Building Manners and Etiquettes
(Individual / Group)
Forming the Habits for Effectiveness
• The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People
o Being Proactive and Personal Vision Development
o Personal Leadership
o Time Management
o Win-Win and Interpersonal Leadership
o Empathic Communication
o Synergy and Creative Cooperation
o Balanced Self-renewal
• The Eighth Habit
o Striving for Excellence/ Greatness
Emotional Management
• Personal
o Conflict, Individual Internal Conflict – How to overcome
it?
o Scope for Introspection
o Stress Management & Coping Techniques
• Interpersonal
o Life Position
o Management Development Methods For:
o Decision Making: Case Study, In-Basket, Management
Games, etc.
o Interpersonal Skills: Situation Training, Role-Playing,
Transaction Analysis, Johari Window, etc.
o Individual’s Knowledge: Conferences, etc.
o Group: Crises Management (Disaster)
Negotiation and Salesmanship
© CHARUSAT 2012
09
15
15
06
Page 104 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1.
Stephen R Covey, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, Simon & Schuster UK Ltd., 1989
UK. (www.simonsays.co.uk)
2.
Covey Stephen R, The 8th Habit from Effectiveness to Greatness, Simon & Schuster UK Ltd.
3.
D. M. Pestonjee, Stress and Coping – The Indian Experience, 2nd Edition, Sage Publication,
1992, 99, California.
4.
Shiv Khera, You Can Win, Macmillan Co.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 105 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 4)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 106 of 240
PHARMACOLOGY-I (PH208)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the principles of Basic Pharmacology as well as drug action
on body systems.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the concept of general
pharmacology which is a prerequisite for understanding the concepts of Drug receptor
mechanism & molecular action of drug. In addition they will be able to know about drug
acting on different organ system.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black board and multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course:
Sr.
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Contact Hours
Approx.
Weightage %
1
General Pharmacology
23
50
2
Drugs acting on ANS & PNS
15
30
3
Drugs Acting on Gastrointestinal System
4
12
4
Drugs Acting on Respiratory System
.
Total
3
8
45
100%
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 107 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr. No.
1
2
Name of Chapter
references
General Pharmacology
• Definition, scope and branches of Pharmacology.
• Routes of drugs administration and drug delivery
systems.
• Pharmacokinetics of absorption, distribution,
biotransformation and elimination of drugs,
concept of Half life & Bioavailability
• Pharmacodynamics : Mechanisms of drugs action,
drug receptors and cellular signaling systems, Dose
response relationship
• Factors modifying drug dosage and action
• Adverse drug effects and monitoring, Iatrogenic
diseases.
• Drug interactions
• New drug development: Basic concept of Preclinical
& clinical studies.
Drugs acting on Autonomic nervous system
• Neurohumoral transmission
• Parasympathomimetics and Parasympatholytics
• Sympathomimetics ,adrenergic receptor and
neurone blocking agents
• Ganglion stimulants, blockers ,Neuromuscular
blocking agents
• Local anaesthetics
1, 2, 5, 6, 7,
8, 10, 11
Hrs.
required
23
1
2
10
6
1
1
1
1
1,2,5,6,7,8,9,10,
12
15
1
5
5
2
2
3
Drugs Acting on Gastrointestinal System:
• Purgatives
• Antidiarrhoeal drugs
• Antacids and Antiulcer drugs
• Emetics and antiemetics
• Prokinetic agents
• Digestant, Carminatives, Appetite suppresant
4,5,6,7,8,1,2,10,
12
4
4
Drugs Acting on Respiratory System
• Expectorants and Antitussive
• ii) Drugs used in Bronchial asthma
1,2,4,3,6,8,7,10,
12
3
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 108 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
Sr.
No.
1
Topic
Introduction to Experimental Pharmacology, some basic Instruments, Laboratory Animals,
Standard techniques of drug administration, blood collection, preparation of drug
solutions, Euthanasia, Legal aspects related to experiments on animals (CPCSEA).
Isolated Tissue Experiments:
2
3
4
5
6
To find out pD2 value of Acetylcholine using rat ileum/ chicken ileum.
To study competitive and non competitive antagonism using rat ileum.
To identify the nature of given unknown drug using rat ileum / chicken ileum.
To study the effect of neostigmine on Concentration Response Curve (CRC) of
Acetylcholine using rat ileum/ chicken ileum.
To record Concentration Response Curve (CRC) of Acetylcholine using rat ileum/ chicken
ileum.
Demonstration Experiments
7
8
9
10
11
12
To study the effect of autonomic drugs on rabbit.
To study hepatic microsomal enzyme induction & inhibition activity of drugs.
To study effect of diuretic drugs using metabolic cage.
To evaluate local anesthetics using different animal models
To find out plasma protein binding of given drug.
To perform practicals related to Absorption, Distribution, Biotransformation &
Elimination using simulated model.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 109 of 240
Recommended study materials: (Latest editions)
1. Goyal R.K.Practicals in pharmacology. M/s B.S.Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad.
2. Sheth U.K. etal –Selected topics in experimental pharmacology. The Kothari Book Depot,
Mumbai.
3. Kulakarni S.K.- handbook of experimental pharmacology. Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi.
4. Ghosh M.N-Essential of experimental pharmacology scientific book agency, Calcatta.
5. Rang h.P., dale M.M., etal –Pharmacology. Churchill livingstone USA.
6. Satokar R.S et al., Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics. Popular Prakashan,
Mumbai.
7. Harval, R.A., Champe P.C. et al., Pharmacolgy Lippincott- Raven Company, Philadephia,
New York.
8. Craig C.R., Stitzel, R.E- Modern Pharmacology, Little brown and Company, USA.
9. Goodman and Gilman’s –the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Pergamon Press,
Sigapore.
10. Seth, S.D. text Book of pharmacology, B.I.Churchill
11. Bertram G. Katzung, Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, MC Graw Hill.
12. K.D.Tripathi, Essentials of medical Pharmacology.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 110 of 240
PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY-II (PH209)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with Pharmacognostic study of glycoside containing crude drugs,
utilized as medicine.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the pharmacognostic aspects specifically, the sources, the preparation methods and
utilization of glycoside containing drugs.
•
Understand basic metabolic pathways of phytoconstituents
•
Understand concept of phytochemical screening of the phytoconstituents obtained from
the natural sources.
•
Understand basics and applications of Chromatography in Pharmacognosy.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board,
•
using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
1.
Study of biological sources, cultivation, collection,
commercial varieties, chemical constituents, substitutes,
adulterants, uses, diagnostic, macroscopic and
microscopic features and specific chemical test of
different groups of drugs containing glycosides.
General techniques of biosynthetic studies and basic
metabolic pathways.
Natural allergens and photosensitizing agents.
Biological source, preparation, identification tests and
uses of different enzymes.
Total
2.
3.
4.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No. of
Contact Hours
Approx.
weightage
%
23
45
11
30
6
10
5
15
45
100%
Page 111 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No. Unit
1
References Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
Study of biological sources, cultivation, collection, commercial
varieties, chemical constituents, substitutes, adulterants, uses,
diagnostic, marcroscopic and microscopic features and specific
chemical test of following groups of drugs containing glycosides:
Saponins: Liquorice, Ginseng, Dioscorea, Sarsaparilla and
Senega.
Cardioactive sterols: Digitalis, Squill, Strophanthus, Thevetia.
Anthraquinone: Aloe, senna, rhubarb, cascara and Cassia fistula.
Coumarins: Psoralea, Ammi visnaga, Ammi majus.
1,2,3,4,
5,6,7,8,
9,10,11,12,
23
14,15,16
Bitter Glycosides: Gentian, Chirata, Quassia.
Cyanogenetic: Bitter almond.
Isothiocyante: white and black mustard, linseed.
Phenolics and Flavonoids
2
General techniques of biosynthetic studies and basic metabolic
pathways.
An introduction to biogenesis of primary and secondary metabolites
1,2,4,
and their interrelationship.
7,13
11
Introduction to acetate-melonate, acetate-mevalonate and shikimic
acid pathway.
4
Natural allergens and photosensitizing agents.
1,4,5,
7,15
5
Biological source, preparation, identification tests and uses of
following enzymes: Diastase, Papain, Pepsin, Trypsin and
Pancreatin.
© CHARUSAT 2012
1,2,5,
7,15
Page 112 of 240
6
5
Detailed syllabus (Practicals):
No. Aim of the Practical
1
Pharmacognostic study of Liquorice root and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
2
Pharmacognostic study of Dioscorea and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
3
Pharmacognostic study of Senna and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
4
Pharmacognostic study of Digitalis and histological assessment of the powdered drug .
5
Pharmacognostic study of Quassia and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
6
Pharmacognostic study of Chirata stem and histological assessment of the powdered drug.
7
Morphological Evaluation of the Glycoside containing drugs.
8
Chemical Tests for Glycosides.
9
Detection (Assessment of purity) of the given sample of powder mixture comprising of
glycoside containing drugs through microscopic evaluation.
10
Detection (Assessment of purity) of the given sample of powder mixture comprising of
glycoside containing drugs through microscopic evaluation.
11
Detection (Assessment of purity) of the given sample of powder mixture comprising of
glycoside containing drugs through microscopic evaluation.
Recommended study materials:
1.
Pharmacognosy: C.K.Kokate, A.P.Purohit, S.B.Gokhale, Nirali prakashan, Pune, 39th Edition,
2007.
2.
Pharmacognosy and pharmacobiotechnology: Ashutosh Kar, New Age International (P) Ltd,
Publishers, 2nd edition 2007.
3.
A Text Book of Pharmacognosy: C. S. Shah, J. S. Quadry, B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahmedabad, 8th
edition, 1990.
4.
Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy: W. C. Evans, W.B.Saunders Co., Singapore, 15th Edition
2008.
5.
Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Part I and II, Vinod D. Rangari, Carrier Publications, 1st
Edition, Reprint, 2007.
6.
Pharmacognosy: V. E. Tylar, L. R. Brady, J. E. Habbers, Lea and Febgir Philadelphia, 8th
Edition, 1981.
7.
Textbook of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Biren Shah and A K. Seth, Elsvier
Publication, 1st Edition, 2010.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 113 of 240
8.
Anatomy of crude drugs: M. A. Iyenger et al., Manipal Power Press, 11th Edition, 2008.
9.
Microscopic profile of powdered drugs used in Indian systems of medicine, Malti G. Chauhan
and Pillai A.P.G., volume 1 (2005) and 2 (2007), Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar.
10.
Atlas of Microscopy of medicinal plants, culinary herbs and spices, Jackson B. P. and Snowdon
D.W., CBS publishers and Distributors (pvt) Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.
11.
Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Volume I and II, 1999. A Joint Publication of IDMA and RRL,
Jammu –Tawi.
12.
Medicinal plant glycosides: Sim. S.K., 2nd Ed. 1966 University of toronto press, Toronto.
13.
Medicinal Natural Products. A biosynthetic Approach: Dewick P., 2nd Edition, 2001, John
Willey and Sons.
14.
Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Published by Indian Drugs Manufacturers Association, Revised
new Edition, 2002.
15.
Essentials of Pharmacognosy, S. H. Ansari, Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd., 1st edition, 2005-2006
16.
Text Book Pharmacognosy: T.E. Wallis, CBS Publishers and Distributors Delhi- 5th Edition,
Reprint, 2005.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 114 of 240
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II (PH210)
(Theory & Practical)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of organic chemistry
as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study organic compounds.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of the history and basic
concepts of organic chemistry.
•
Students should be able to describe in detail synthetic approaches as well as mechanisms
of action of some important organic base therapeutic and diagnostic agents.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
Benzene and Aromaticity
2.
Structure, Nomenclature, physicochemical properties, preparation
and reaction of: Arenes, Amines, Phenols, Aldehydes and ketones,
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
07
Approx.
weightage
%
25
55
04
10
09
20
45
100%
15
Carboxylic acid and it’s derivative (amide, ester and anhydride)
3.
Electrocyclic cycloaddition and Sigmatrophic reactions, Neighboring
group effects catalysis by transition, metal complexes
4.
Aspects of Green Chemistry with focus on Microwave synthesis, nano
chemistry,New organic reagent used in drug synthesis
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 115 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
No.
1
Unit
References
Hrs.
required
1,2,5,6
07
1,2,5,6
25
1,2,5,6
04
8,9
09
Benzene and Aromaticity
Aromatic electrophilic substitution
Electrophilic
attack
on
benzene,
Nitration,
halogenation,
sulphonation, Friedal Craft alkylation and acylation, diazocoupling. Orientation in Mono-substituted benzene, Polynuclear
Aromatic Compounds – Naphthalene, Anthracene, Phenanthrene
Structure, Nomenclature, physicochemical properties, preparation
2
and reaction of: Arenes, Amines, Phenols, Aldehydes and ketones,
Carboxylic acid and it’s derivative (amide, ester and anhydride)
Electrocyclic
3
cycloaddition
and
Sigmatrophic
reactions,
Neighboring group effects catalysis by transition, metal complexes
Aspects of Green Chemistry with focus on Microwave synthesis,
4
nano chemistry,New organic reagent used in drug synthesis
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr.
No.
1
2
Aim of the Practical
References
Identification of Unknown organic compound (acid, base, neutral, phenolic
and amphoteric).
1. Synthesis of m-Dinitrobenzene
3, 4,7
2. Synthesis of Aspirin
3, 4,7
3. Synthesis of p-Bromo Acetanilide
3, 4,7
4. Synthesis of p-Nitro Acetanilide
3, 4,7
5. Synthesis of p-Nitro Aniline
3, 4,7
6. Synthesis of Phthalimide
3, 4,7
7. Synthesis of Phenyl Urea
3, 4,7
8. Synthesis of Picric Acid
3, 4,7
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 116 of 240
3, 4,7
Recommended Study Material:
1. Organic Chemistry by Morrison & Boyd, 6th edition, Pearson Education.
2. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reaction, Mechanism and Structure by Jerry March 4th
edition, A Wiley-Interscience Publication.
3. Vogl’s Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry- Brian Furniss, Antony Hannaford,
Peter Smith, Austrin (Eds), 5th edition, ELBS Publication, Singapore, 1997.
4. Experimental Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, A Becnchtop Manual by K. S. Jain, P. B.
Miniyar & T. S. Chitre, 2nd Edition Carrier publications,.
5. Organic Chemistry by I. A. Finar
6. A Guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry by Peter Sykes
7. Organic Chemistry, G. Marc Loudon, 4th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2004.
8. www.sciencedirect.com
9. www.springerlink.com
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 117 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-II (PH211)
(Theory & Practical)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the principles of pharmaceutical analysis (Instrumental
methods) and its application in pharmacy.
Student Learning Outcomes/Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the fundamental concept of
pharmaceutical analysis, which is important for qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of
drug substances and drug product.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black board and multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact Hours
Weightage %
1
Basics of instrumental analytical methods
2
5
2
Chromatography
13
30
Electroanalytical methods: Basics of electroanalytical
20
44
methods
3
Conductometry
Potentio and pH metric methods
Polarography, amperometry, biamperometry
4
Calorimetry
6
12
5
Polarimetry
4
9
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 118 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Sr. No.
Unit
References
Basics of instrumental analytical methods: Advantages,
1
limitations, signal to noise ratio.
Chromatography:
mechanism,
2
Classification,
separation
theories,
efficiency,
Hrs.
Required
3,4,5
2
3,6,8,9
13
retention
methodology
and
pharmacopoeial applications of column, paper and thin layer
chromatography.
Electroanalytical methods: Basics of electroanalytical
methods
3.1
Conductometry:
conductance,
Conductance,
Kohlrausch
law,
factors
affecting
conductivity
cells,
applications
3.2 Potentio and pH metric methods: Standard reduction
potentials, various electrodes, electrodes and cell potential,
3
1,2,3,4,
5,7
applications of potentiometry and pH metry.
20
3.3 Polarography, amperometry, biamperometry: Basics of
current flow in polarography, dropping mercury electrode,
diffusion current, half wave potential, modifications like
pulsed and differential pulse polarography, stripping
voltametry,
biamperometric
titrations,
amperometric
titrations.
Calorimetry: Types, thermogravimetric analysis, differential
4
scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis, melting
2,3,4,5
6
2,3,4,5
4
point, etc. and their applications
Polarimetry: Polarimeter, qualitative and quantitative
5
applications
Note: Above topics should be covered with due consideration of pharmacopoeial applications and
numerical.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 119 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr.No.
Aim of Practical
References
1
Introduction to instrumental technique
2
4
To determine %w/v of acetic acid with NaOH in given sample solution by
pH meter.
To determine the % w/v of HCl and acetic acid in mixture with NaOH by
conductometer
To determine % w/v of NaCl with AgNO3 by conductometer
2,3
5
To determine %w/v of dextrose solution by Polarimeter
1,5
6
To study and demonstration of Paper Chromatography.
2,3
7
To study and demonstration of TLC
8
To study and demonstration of column chromatography
3,5
9
To find out the water content in given sample solution by KFT
2,3
10
To perform the paper chromatography of given sample
2,3
11
To perform the TLC of given sample
12
To determine %w/v of manganese ion in given sample solution with
KMnO4 by potentiometer
9
2,3
3
3,4
2,3
2,3
9
Recommended Study Material:
1. Pharmacopoeia: USP, B.P., I.P.
2. Practical Pharm. Chemistry, Vol. B – Backett, The athlone Press of University of
London.
3. Quantitative chemical analysis – Vogel A.I, Pearson Education., 5th Edn, 1996.
4. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, Hollar and Nieman, Harcourt College
Publishers, Philadelphia, 1998.
5. Instrumental method of chemical analysis by Gurdeep Chatwal, Himalaya publishing
house, 2005.
6. Quantitative analysis of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations by P.D.Sethi CBS
Publishers N.D.3rd Edition, 1997.
7. A Textbook of pharmaceutical analysis by Kenneth A. Connors. Jon Wiley and sons,
3rd Edn, 1982
8. Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis – J. W. Munson, Marcel Dekker Inc., New
York.
9. Stahl E.; Thin Layer Chromatography, A Laboratory Handbook, 2nd Edn, SpringerVerlag New York, LLC; 1969.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 120 of 240
PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS (PH212)
(Theory & Practical)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per Week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
To study basic physical characterization of solid, liquid and gaseous material, which are used
during various preparations of formulations. Subject gives the guideline for complex
compounds and buffer solution use in pharmaceutical formulations. .
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of derive properties and measurements powders, rheological properties of liquids
and mixing of materials in various field of pharmacy.
Students should be able to know the methods of preparation of different buffer solution and
Complexation of polymer and drug material.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using Black board or Over Head Projector or Multimedia
projector
Course Outline (Theory):
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Unit
State of matter
Micromeritic and Powder Rheology
Surface and Interfacial phenomenon :
Viscosity and Rheology
Dispersion systems
Complexation
Buffer and isotonic solutions
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum no. of
contact hour
6
6
6
6
12
5
4
45
Appprox.
Weightage %
13
13
13
13
27
12
9
100%
Page 121 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
Unit details
No.
1
States of Matter: State and selected Properties: State of matter.
Change in the state of matter, latent heats and vapor pressure,
sublimation-critical point, eutectic mixtures, liquid complexes,
Liquid crystals, glassy state, solid-crystalline and amorphous,
polymorphism, brief introduction of
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning
Colorimetry (DSC), X Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier
Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR)
2
Micromeritic and Powder Rheology : Particle size and
distribution, average particle size, number and weight
distribution, particle number,
methods for determining
particle volume, optical microscopy, sieving, sedimentation,
measurement of particle shape, specific surface, methods for
determining surface area, permeability, adsorption, derived
properties of
powders (angle of repose, carr’s index and
hausner ratio)
porosity, packing arrangement, densities,
bulkiness and flow properties.
3
Surface and Interfacial phenomenon : liquid interface, surface
and interfacial tension, surface free energy, measurement of
surface and interfacial tensions, free energy, spreading
coefficient, adsorption at liquid interfaces, surface active agents,
HLB classification, solubilization, detergency, adsorption at
solid interface, solid gas and solid-liquid interface, complex
films, electrical properties of interface.
4
Viscosity and Rheology : Newtonian systems, Law of flow,
kinematic viscosity, effect of temperature on viscosity, nonNewtonian systems,
pseudoplastic,
dilatant,
plastic,
thixotropy, thixotropy in formulation, Determination of
viscosity: capillary, falling ball, rotational viscometers,
rheopexy, negative thixotropy, viscoelasticity, psychorheology,
applications of rheology in pharmacy.
5
Dispersion systems :
a. Colloidal dispersions: Definition,
types, properties of
colloids, protective colloids, applications of colloids in
pharmacy.
b. Suspensions and Emulsions : Interfacial properties of
suspended particles, settling in suspensions, theory of
sedimentation,
effect
of
Brownian
movement,
sedimentation of flocculated particles, sedimentation
parameters, wetting of particles, controlled flocculation,
flocculation in structured
vehicle,
rheological
considerations, emulsions ; types, theories, physical
stability.
© CHARUSAT 2012
1,3
Numbers
of Hours
6
1,2,3,5
6
1,2,3,4,6,7
6
1,3,6,7
6
1,3,6,7
12
Reference
Page 122 of 240
6 Complexation: Classification of complexes, methods of
preparation and analysis, applications.
7 Buffer solutions and isotonic solutions:
• Buffer solution: buffer capacity, buffer in pharmaceutical
systems, preparations and stability of buffer solutions
• Isotonic solutions: preparations and stability of isotonic
solutions, Measurements of tonicity, calculations and
methods of adjusting tonicity.
• Buffered Isotonic solutions: Preparations and stability of
buffered isotonic solutions
1,2,3,5
5
1,3,4,6,7
4
Detail Syllabus (Practicals):
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Aim of Practical
To determine angle of repose of powder and to study effect of glidents on angle of
repose.
Determination of particle size using microscopic method of particle size analysis.
Determination of derived properties of powders (Density, Porosity,
Compressibility)
Determination of Critical Micelle Concentration of surfactants and spreading co
coefficients.
Determination of Surface/Interfacial tension and HLB value of surfactant.
Study of rheological properties of various types of systems using different
viscometers.
Studies of different types of colloids and their properties.
Preparation of various types of suspensions and determination of their
sedimentation parameters.
(A) Preparation of emulsion.
(B) To find out type of emulsion and to determine stability of emulsion by
Centrifugation
Experiment involving tonicity adjustments.
(A) To determine effect of temperature on viscosity of given liquid.
(B) To determine the viscosity of Newtonian liquid and to calculate relative,
absolute and kinematic viscosity.
Demonstration of following instruments:
• Brook field viscometer
• Particle size analyzer
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 123 of 240
Recommended study materials: (Latest Edition)
1. Martin’s Physical pharmacy by Patrick J. Sinko, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,
New
York,
2. Pharmaceutics: The Science of Dosage Form Design, Aulton, Michael E., Chrchill
Livingstone.
3. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol-I & II, Gennaro, Alfonso R.,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York.
4. Physicochemical Principles of Pharmacy, Florence, A. T. Atwood, D. Macmillan Press
Ltd., London .
5. Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems, Ansel, Howard. C., Allen,
Loyd V., Popovich, Nicholas G. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York.
6. Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial Pharmacy, ed. Carter, S. J., CBS Publishers &
Distributors, Delhi, .
7.
Bentley’s textbook of Pharmaceutics by E. A. Rawlins.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 124 of 240
HOSPITAL AND COMMUNITY PHARMACY (PH213)
(Theory)
Credit: 3 (Theory)
Contact hours per Week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
To study role of pharmacist in hospital and as a community pharmacist.
Subject gives the guideline for different department in hospital and their working.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the
hospital organization and formulary. Students can also know what is the working
procedure in hospital as pharmacist in various departments.
Students should be able to know the methods of preparation and handing of sterile
material in hospital. Students can also be able to work as a community pharmacist as
a part of Health Care system.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
The lectures will be delivered using
Black board
Over Head Projector or Multimedia projector
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Topic Name
Hospital Pharmacy Organization and structure
PTC, Hospital Formulary, DIS.
Drug store management and inventory control
Technical services in Hospital Pharmacy
Drug distribution system in hospitals
Hospital Biomedical Waste Management
Community Pharmacy
Central Sterile Supply Unit and their Management
TOTAL
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum no.
of contact
hour
3
7
6
5
5
4
11
4
45
Appprox.
Weightage
%
7
15
15
11
11
9
23
9
100
Page 125 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
Topic Name
No.
1
Hospital Pharmacy Organization and structure: Organization of
hospital & hospital pharmacy. Responsibility of hospital pharmacist,
Budget preparation and implementation.
2
PTC, Hospital Formulary, DIS:
• Pharmacy & therapeutic committee
• Hospital formulary: Contents, preparation & revision of
hospital formulary
• Drug information services: Sources of information on drugs,
disease, treatments schedules, procurements of information,
computerized services, retrieval of information, Medication
error.
3
Drug store management and inventory control: Organization of
drug store, types of material stocked, storage conditions; Purchase and
inventory control- principles purchase procedures –purchase orders –
procurement and stocking.
4
Technical services in Hospital Pharmacy: Manufacture of sterile and
non sterile products. Policy making of manufacturable items demand
and costing, personnel requirements, manufacturing practice Master
formula card, production control, manufacturing records, Asceptic
Preparation of IV admixtures, cytotoxic infusions, total parenteral
nutrition solution.
5
Drug distribution system in hospitals: out patient dispensing –
methods adopted, In patient dispensing – methods adopted,
Ambulatory patient dispensing- methods adopted, Dispensing of
controlled drugs.
6
Hospital Biomedical Waste Management: Importance, Technology
available, treatment and disposal of waste.
7
Community Pharmacy: Organization and structure of retail
wholesale drug –store, types of drugs tore and design, legal
requirements for establishments, maintenance of drug store,
dispensing of proprietary products, maintenance of records of retail
and wholesale.
(a) Patient counseling.
(b) Role and contribution of pharmacist in community health care
and education.
8
Central Sterile Supply Unit and their Management: Types of
materials for sterilization, Packing of materials prior to sterilization,
sterilization equipments, Supply of sterile materials.
Reference
Numbers
of Hours
1,2,7
3
1,2,7
7
1,2,5,7
6
1,2,7
5
1,2,7
5
4
4
3,6
11
1,2,7
4
Recommended study materials:
1. “Hospital Pharmacy “by William E. Hassan, Hanry Kimpton Publishers, London.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 126 of 240
2. “Hospital Organisation and Management by Kurt Dan & Johnathan S. Ratich , CBS
Publishers.
3. Health Education and Community Pharmacy by N.S.Parmar.
4. Hospital Waste Management, Principles and Guidelines by Faisel Khan.
5. Drug Store and Business Management by Ali and Gupta.
6. Modern Patient Counseling by Gaud, Toke, Rathod and Shegde.
7. A textbook on Hospital Pharmacy by Qadry, Goyal and Parikh.
8. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol-I & II, Gennaro, Alfonso R.,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 127 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 5)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 128 of 240
PHARMACOLOGY-II (PH301)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course: To make students familiar with the principles of pharmacology as
well as advance knowledge.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives: At the end of the course, the student will be able
to understand the concept of Pharmacology.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy: Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using
black board and multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Unit
1
2
Drugs acting on Central Nervous
System
Endocrine Pharmacology
3
Autocoids
4
Recent Advances in Molecular
Pharmacology & Gene based
therapy
Heavy metal poisoning.
Drugs used in gout and
hyperuricemia, rheumatoid arthritis
Total
5
6
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No. of
Contact Hours
Approx.
Weightage %
18
40
12
27
6
13
5
11
2
4
2
5
45
100%
Page 129 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.
Name of Chapter
References
No.
1
Hrs.
required
Drugs acting on Central Nervous System:
i) Neurohumoral transmission transmission
1,2,3,7,9,4,1
1,12,13
18
7,4,11, 12,13
12
ii) General Anesthetics, Dissociative and
neuroleptanalgesia
iii) Hypnotics and Sedatives and Centrally acting
muscle elaxants
iv) Alcohol
v) Antiepileptics
vi) Psychopharmacological agent
vii) Antiparkinsonian drugs
viii) Non-steroidal analgesics, anti-inflammatory and
anti-pyretic agents
x) Opioid analgesics
xi) CNS stimulants , Psychotomimetics and Nootropic
agents
2
Endocrine Pharmacology:
(A) Hypothalamic and Pituitary hormones
(B) Thyroid and antithyroid drugs,
Parathromone, Calcitonin and Vitamin D
(C) Insulin, Oral Hypoglycemic agents and Glucagon
(D) Steroids:
a)Glucocorticoids
b)Mineralocorticoids
c)andogen anabolic steroids
d)estrogens,progesterons and oral
contraceptives
(E) Drugs acting on the uterus
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 130 of 240
3
Autocoids:
7,4,5,8
6
8,4,11
5
(A) Histamine,5-HT and their antagonists
(B) Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes and
PAF, Cytokines.
(C) Pentagastrin, Cholecystokinin, Angiotensin,
Bradykinin and Substance P.
(D) brief introduction to cytokines
4
Recent Advances in Molecular Pharmacology & Gene
based therapy
5
Heavy metal poisoning.
8,6,7,10
2
6
i) Drugs used in gout and hyperuricemia
11,12,13
2
ii) Drugs used in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
iii) Osteoarthritis
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr.
No.
1
Aim of practical
2
To study the effect of various tranquilizers & sedatives on motor coordination
using Rota-Rod Apparatus.
To evaluate anti-Parkinsonian activity of drugs by drug induced catatonia.
3
To evaluate analgesic activity using various methods.
4
To study the effect of psychotropic drugs on condition avoidance response.
5
6
7
8
9.
To study the effect of drugs on spontaneous motor activity using Photoactometer.
To study the anticonvulsant activity by various model.
To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity by various methods.
To study anti-anxiety effect using Elevated plus maze apparatus.
Introduction to toxicity studies including regulatory toxicology(demonstration of
acute toxicity study)
To check the sample for presence of pyrogen using various methods.
10.
Recommended study materials:
1. Practicals in pharmacology; Goyal R.K. M/s B.S.Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad.
2. Handbook of experimental pharmacology;Kulakarni S.K. - Vallabh Prakashan, New
Delhi.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 131 of 240
3. Fundamentals of experimental pharmacology;Ghosh M.N- Scientific book agency,
Calcutta.
4. Pharmacology; Rang H.P., dale M.M., etal – Churchill livingstone, USA.
5. Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics;Satokar R.S., etal –Popular Prakashan,
Mumbai.
6. Pharmacolgy;Harval, R.A., Champe P.C. etal –Lippincott- Raven Company,
Philadephia, New York.
7. Derasari
and
Ghandhi`s
Elements
of
Pharmacology;
R,K,Goyal,B.S.Shah
Prakashan,Ahmedabad.
8. Goodman and Gilman’s –The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, Pergamon Press,
Sigapore.
9. Text Book of pharmacology;Seth, S.D., B.I.Churchill.New Delhi.
10. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology; Bertram G. Katzung, y, MC Graw Hill.
11. Text book of Pharmacology; K.D.Tripathi,. Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi.
12. Principles of pharmacology; H.L. Sharma, K.K. Sharma ., Paras medical publication.
13. Essentials of Pharmacotherapeutics; F.S.K. Barar S.Chand & Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 132 of 240
PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY-III (PH302)
(Theory)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with Pharmacognostic and phytochemical study of Terpenoids,
Carotenoids and glycosides.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Understand the basic idea of extraction, isolation and separation of selected
terpenoids, carotenoids and glycosides.
•
To learn about phytochemical study of terpenoids, carotenoids and glycosides
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
Using black board,
•
Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
Chemistry and pharmacological activity of medicinally important
Terpenoids.
2.
Distribution, chemistry, estimation, pharmacology, commercial and
medicinal utilization of Carotenoids.
3.
No. of
Contact
Hours
Approx.
weightage
%
15
40
5
15
10
45
30
100%
Distribution, chemistry, isolation, estimation, biogenesis,
pharmacology, commercial and medicinal utilization of important
glycosides
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 133 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.
Name of Chapter
Reference
No.
1.
Hrs.
Required
Introduction to Terpenoids. Their classification and occurance
in nature, chemistry
and pharmacological
activity
of
medicinally important
Monoterpenes- acyclic – geraniol
monocyclic- limonene, menthone
bicylic- pinene
3,8,9,
10,11,14
15
Sesquiterpenes- borneol
2.
Triterpenoids-
squalene, stigmasterol, oleanolic acid.
Diterpene-
abietic acid
Distribution, chemistry, isolation, estimation, pharmacology,
commercial and medicinal utilization of Carotenoids, with
special reference to α- carotene, β- carotene, vitamin A and
lycopene.
3.
1,2,4,
6,7,9,11,
5
12,14
Distribution, chemistry, isolation, estimation, biogenesis,
pharmacology, commercial and medicinal utilization of
2,5,9,11,
important glycosides such as: Digitoxin, Digoxin, Sennoside,
13, 14, 15
10
Aloin, Glycyrrhizin, Diosgenin, Rutin
Recommended study materials:
1.
Pharmacognosy and pharmacobiotechnology, Ashutosh Kar, New Age International (P) Ltd,
Publishers, 2nd edition 2007.
2.
Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy: W. C. Evans, W.B.Saunders Co., Singapore, 15th Edition
2008.
3.
Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, Vol. I and II, O. P. Agrawal, Goel Publishing House,
31st Edition, 2005.
4.
Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Part I and II, Vinod D. Rangari, Carrier Publications, 1st
Edition, Reprint, 2007.
5.
Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants, Volume I and II, A. K. Gupta, ICMR, 2003.
6.
Quality Control of Herbal Drugs: Mukherji P. K., Business Horizon Pharma. Publishers, 1st
Edition, 2002.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 134 of 240
7.
Herbal drug technology, S. S. Agrawal and M. Paridhavi, Univeristies Press, 1st Edition, 2007.
8.
Organic Chemistry of Natural Products Volume I and II: Chatwal G., 7th Reprint 1998,
Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
9.
Organic Chemistry, Volume- 2, Steriochemistry and the chemistry of Natural Products: Finar
I.L., Fifth Edition, 1996, ELBS Publication.
10.
Medicinal Natural Products. A biosynthetic Approach: Dewick P., 2nd Edition, 2001, John
Willey and Sons.
11.
Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Products: Pandeya S. A, S G Publishers, 1st
Edition, 2007.
12.
Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Published by Indian Drugs Manufacturers’ Association,
Revised new Edition, 2002.
13.
Essentials of Pharmacognosy: S. H. Ansari, Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd., 1st edition, 2005-2006
14.
Chemistry of Natural Products, S. V. Bhat et al., Narosa publications,Delhi, reprint 2008.
15.
Medicinal Plant Glycosides: Sim. S.K., University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1986.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 135 of 240
MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-I (PH303)
(Theory & Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of medicinal
chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study the synthetic approaches and
structure activity relationship of different therapeutic class of drugs.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the history
and basic concepts of Medicinal chemistry
•
Students should be able to describe in detail synthetic approaches, mechanisms of
action as well as structure activity relationship of some important therapeutic class
of Drugs.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher to a student.
•
Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction and History of Medicinal Chemistry
Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds
Drug metabolism
Drug receptor interaction
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in
relation to: Introduction to the rational development of
the drug (if any) including Introduction, Chemical
classification (if any), Chemical nomenclature,
Mechanism of action, Synthesis of the agent mention in
the bracket, Structure activity relationship,
Therapeutic Uses
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No. of
Contact hours.
Approx.
Weightage %
02
10
04
03
26
05
25
08
06
56
45
100 %
Page 136 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Unit
No.
1
Introduction and History of Medicinal Chemistry
2
Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds: introduction, structures and
nomenclature and corresponding drugs of the following Heterocyclic
compounds: furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyrazole, thiazole, imidazole,
oxazole, isoxazole, indole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, quinoline,
isoquinoline, quinazoline, purine Synthesis and Reactions of following
compounds: furan, thiophene, pyrrole, indole, imidazole, pyrazole thiazole,
pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline.
Drug metabolism: introduction, phase I and II metabolic reactions,
biological and environmental factors affecting drug metabolism, pro-drugs
& related concepts, importance of cytochrome in drug metabolism
Drug receptor interaction: basic introduction for receptor, transduction
mechanisms and illustrative examples.
3
4
5
5.1
5.2
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of the drug (if
any) including
• Introduction
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
• Structure activity relationship
• Therapeutic Uses
Drugs acting on Autonomic Nervous System
• Cholinergics (pyridostigmine)
• Anticholinergics and Anticholinesterases
• Adrenergics
• Sympathomimetic(ephidrin, nor epinephrine, methyl DOPA,
nephazoline, isoproterenol, salbutamol,)
• Sympatholytics(propranolol)
• Neuro muscular junction blocking agents
Drugs acting on Respiratory Tract
• Antiasthamatic (salbutamol, ephadrin, epinephrine)
• Antitussives (codine, chlorpheniramine, diphenylhydramine)
• Expectorants (guaifenesin)
• Respiratory stimulants
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
02
Reference
10
1,2
04
3,4,5
03
3,4,5
26
3,4,5
Page 137 of 240
3,4,5
Drugs acting on Gastrointestinal Tract
• Antiemetics (ondensetron)
• Antacids (ranitidine)
• Antiulcerative agents (pentaprazole)
• Antidiarrheals
• Laxatives
5.3
•
Prokinetic agents
•
Antispasmodic Agent
•
Hipetobiliary agent
.
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
No.
Aim of the Practical
References
1
Organic spotting of binary mixtures of solid + solid (water insoluble
compounds) mixture type along with identification of the type of mixture,
chemical separation, identification of the individual components, establishment
of the identity of the separated components with the help of derivative
preparation and TLC.(Minimum 7)
6,7,8,9,10
2
Preparation of stereo models of some selected drugs.
6,7,8,9,10
3
1. Synthesis of 2-methyl benzimidazole from o-phenylene diamine
6,7,8,9,10
2. Synthesis of benzotriazole from o-phenylenediamine
6,7,8,9,10
3. Synthesis of benzimidazole from o-phenylene diamine
6,7,8,9,10
4. Synthesis of pthalamide from pthalic anhydride
6,7,8,9,10
Recommended Study Material:
1. Organic Chemistry by Morrison & Boyd, 6th edition, Pearson Education.
2. Organic chemistry by I. L. Finar. Vol. I and Vol. II. ELBS/Longman, London
3. Wilson and Giswold's Textbook of Organic, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Edited by J. N. Delagado and W. A. R. Remers, J. Lipponcott Co. Philadephia.
4. W. C. Foye, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
5. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry, H. E. Wolff, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
6. Strategies for Organic Drug Synthesis & Design by Daniel Lednicer, John Wiley & sons,
USA.
7. Vogel’s Text book of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS/ Longman, London
8. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann & Saunder,, Orient Longman, London.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 138 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY- I (PH304)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
This course is designed as an introduction to the organic structure of living systems. Lecture
will address introduction of Carbohydrate, Proteins, Lipid and enzymes and their
metabolism.
An understanding of biochemistry is a useful background for many areas of scientific study.
It relates the studies of biology and chemistry, allowing an integration of knowledge from
both areas of coursework
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the biochemistry aspects specifically, the metabolisms, enzymes, basic
chemistry of cell etc.
•
Understand basic idea of enzymes, biomolecules, and different types of metabolism
take place in to the body.
•
Understand concept of chemistry of living systems which will further help in
understanding of drug interaction in the body, drug-protein binding, enzyme
inhibition etc.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board,
•
using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
1
2
3
4
Unit
Introduction to Biochemistry
Organization of the cell
Biomolecules: definition, classification and it’s function
Enzymes
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
03
04
30
08
45
Approx.
weightage
%
07
09
66
18
100%
Page 139 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
Unit
Contact
References
Hours
1
Introduction to Biochemistry: scope of the subject in
03
1,2,3,4,5,6
04
1,2,3,4,5,6
pharmaceutical sciences, Biochemical reactions, highlights of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell metabolism.
2
Organization of the cell:structure of the cell and cell organelles,
transport processes across cell membrane.
3
Biomolecules: Definition, classification and it’s function
3.1
Proteins
and
classification.
its
amino
metabolism:
acids:
introduction,
classification,
1,2,3,4,5,6
functional
11
1,2,3,4,5,6
10
1,2,3,4,5,6
09
1,2,3,4,5,6
physicochemical
properties, optical activity, reaction with ninhydrin, formaldehyde,
R-group amino acids. essential, non-essential amino acids,
deficiency. Structure: peptide bond, end group analysis.α Helix, β
sheet structure. tertiary, quaternary structure, globular protein,
fibrous
protein,
and
medicinally
important
amino
acids,
biochemical importance, structure of proteins, transamination,
deamination, Urea cycle, Degradation of individual amino acids,
related
inborn
errors
of
metabolism,
biosynthesis
of
catecholamines.
3.2
Carbohydrates and its metabolism: introduction, classification,
types of arbohydrates, complex carbohydrates, structure of chitin,
starch
glycogen
glycogenesis,
gluconeogenesis,
glycolysis,
glycogenolysis, pentosephosphate pathway, metabolism of other
carbohydrates, regulation of the various pathways of metabolism
and related metabolic disorders, citric acid cycle, glyoxalic acid
cycle, fermentation.
3.3
Lipids and its metabolism: definition, Classification, Functions,
Types of fatty acids and its biological role, lipid biosynthesis and its
regulation, triacylglycerol biosynthesis, cholesterol biosynthesis,
metabolism and regulation of these processes, ketogenesis and its
significance, oxidation of fatty acids.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 140 of 240
4
08
Enzymes: introduction, classification, (according to the reaction
1,2,3,4,5,6
catalysis and sources) structure of enzymes, co-factor, active sites
Km(Michalis- Menten constant), (maximum valosity)Vmax,
double reciprocal plot, effect of active substrates, pH ionic
strength, conc., temperature on rate of enzymes reactions, enzyme
inhibition (competitive, non-competitive, irreversible), concept of
antimetabolites, manufacturing of medicinal compounds by
enzymatic reactions, Therapeutic uses of enzymes.
Detailed syllabus (Practical)
No. Aim of Practicals
1
2
3
Reference
Analysis of abnormal constituents from urine: sugars, Ketone bodies, bile
7,8,9,10,11
salts, bile pigments and urea-uric acid.
Biochemical tests on saliva
7,8,9,10,11
Chemical tests for the identification of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
7,8,9,10,11
and other biologically important chemical substances
Recommended study materials:
1. Principles of Biochemsitry by A. L. Lehninger,, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
2. Harper's Biochemistry, Edited by R. K. Murry, D. K. Granner, P.A. Mayes and V. W.
Rodwell, Prentice Hall International Inc., Latest Edition.
3. Biochemistry by S. C. Rastogi, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, Latest Editon.
4. Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana, Books and Allied (P) Ltd., Calcutta, Latest Edition.
5. Principles of Biochemsitry by G. F. Zubay, W. W. Parson and D. E. Vance, WBC
Publishers, England, Latest Edition.
6. Principles of Biochemistry (Paperback), Robert Horton, Laurence A Moran, Gray
Scrimgeour, Marc Perry and David Rawn. Pearson Education.
7. An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry by D. T. Plummer,, Tata McGraw Hill, New
Delhi.
8. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry, Willey, Eastern Limited, New Delhi.
9. Practical Biochemistry: Principles and Techniques, 5th ed. Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 2003
10. Introductory Practical Biochemistry, Singh R. and Sawhney, S.K., New Delhi : Narosa
Publishing House, 2002
11. P. G. Tikekar, Practical Biochemistry for medical students, Ed. 4 Publ. Mrs. Nalini. P.
Tikekar, Bombay,1964.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 141 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY (PH305)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study the microbial growth including microscopy and staining techniques for
identification of microorganisms.
•
To study the various microbial growth controlling techniques and various other tests
used for detection of microorganisms.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding about the growth
cycle of microorganisms including effects of various chemical agents on their growth
and various staining techniques used for identification of microorganisms by using
microscope.
•
Students will be able to describe the various methods used for controlling the growth
of microorganisms in various fields of pharmaceutical industries.
•
Students will be able to describe various tests for detection of presence of
microorganisms in sterile and non-sterile dosage forms.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
1.
Unit
Introduction to the Pharmaceutical
microbiology
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact Hours Approx.
Weight age %
5
2
2.
Microscopy
1
2
3.
Structure of bacterial cell
1
2
4.
Classification of microbes
5
11
5.
Identification of microbes
3
6
6.
Microbial Growth
7
16
7.
Control of Microbes in Pharmaceutical Industry
14
31
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 142 of 240
8.
Sterility testing
4
9
9.
Microbiological assay
4
9
10.
Microbial Limit Tests
4
9
45
100
Total
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.
no
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Unit Details
Introduction to the Pharmaceutical microbiology:
Introduction, scope, contributions of great scientists to
microbiology
Microscopy
Structure of bacterial cell
Brief introduction of microbes: Taxonomy, bacteria,
ricketssiae, spirochetes and viruses.
Identification of microbes: Stains & types of staining
techniques
Microbial Growth: Nutrition, cultivation, isolation and
count of bacteria, fungi, viruses etc
Control of Microbes in Pharmaceutical Industry:
A. Classification and mechanism/s of action of
disinfectants, Disinfection, factors influencing
disinfectants, dynamics of disinfection, disinfectants
& antiseptics and their evaluation
(
Bacteriostatic & Bacteriocidal test)
B. Sterilization: Definition, Sterilizers, different
methods of sterilization, validation of sterilization
methods & equipments
Sterility testing of pharmaceutical product:
Principle, Media for sterility testing, Methods of sterility
testing, interpretation of results.
Microbiological assay of Antibiotics, Vitamins and amino
acids
Microbial Limit Tests for Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms as
per IP
© CHARUSAT 2012
Reference
Book
Numbers
of Hours
1,2,3
2
2,6,8
2,6,8
1
1
2,6,7
5
1,4,6,9
3
2,6,7,9
7
2,5,10,11,13
14
2,11,12
4
2,11,12
4
12
4
Page 143 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No.
Aim of Practical
Study of different types of equipments used in microbiology laboratory.
1. A
B
Observation of microbes by simple staining or monochrome staining.
To Carry out Grams staining of given culture.
2. A
B
3. A
B
Cultivation of micro-organisms in N-broth Media and N-Agar Slant.
To Observe the motility of bacteria by hanging drop technique.
To Observe Oligodynamic effect of metal on growth of micro-organisms.
Cultivation of anaerobes by stab method.
4. A
B
To Observe the morphology of micro-organisms by negative staining.
Study of effect of UV light on growth of micro-organisms.
5.
Evaluation of Disinfectant by (a) agar cup method (b) Filter paper disc
6.
method.
To Perform sterility testing of absorbent cotton gauze.
7. A
B
To Perform sterility testing of ampoules and vials having water for injection.
C To Perform sterility testing of soluble powders.
Estimation of potency of given antibiotic (streptomycin) by microbial assay
8.
(One & Two level fractional assay).
Determination of phenol coefficient of given disinfectant by Riedal Walker
9.
test.
To Perform the spirochetes staining by negative staining method and
10. A
Fontana’s method.
B
11. A
To Determine the viable count of micro-organisms by using Petri plate
method.
To Perform the spore staining by Dorner’s method.
B Cultivation and Isolation of micro-organisms by streak plate method.
12
To Perform sterility testing of vaccines
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 144 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1) Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Edited by W.B. Hugo and A.D. Rusell Blackwell Science,
United Kingdom.
2) Microbiology An Inroduction, G. J. Tortora, B. R. Funke, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
3) Textbook of Microbiology, C. K. J. Paniker, Orient Longman PVT LTD., India.
4) Microbiology, Prescott L. M., McGraw Hill, Columbus.
5) Industrial Microbiology, L. E. Casida, JR., New Age International Publishers, India.
6) Microbiology, M. J. Pelczar, JR., E.C.S. Chan and N. R. Krieg, Tata Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.,
New York.
7) Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology. A.J. Sale, Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishers
Company Ltd., New York.
8) General Microbiology, Stanier R. Y., Machillan Press Ltd., Hampshire.
9) Microbiology A Laboratory Manual, J. G. Cappuccino, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
10) Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol I & II, Gennaro Alfonso R.,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York.
11) Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ashutosh Kar, New Age International publishers, New
Delhi.
12) Indian Pharmacopoeia 2007, Indian Pharmacopoeial Commission, Ghaziabad.
13) Bentley’s Text Book of Pharmaceutics, Edited by E. A. Rawlins, Bailliere Tindall, United
Kingdom.
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 145 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (PH306)
(Theory)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
•
To study microbial genetics and application of recombinant DNA Technology in
drug design
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding about the microbial
genetics and microbial biotransformation processes.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
1
Microbial genetics and variation
2
Genetic recombination
3
4
Recombinant DNA Technology,
gene
cloning
and
their
application
Microbial Transformation
5
Enzymes
6
Safety in Biotechnology
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No. of Contact
Approx.
Hours Approx.
Weightage %
4
13
6
20
5
17
8
27
4
13
3
30
10
100
Page 146 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
Unit Details
No
1.
Microbial genetics and variation
2.
Genetic recombination: Transformation, Conjugation,
protoplast fusion and their application.
3.
Recombinant DNA Technology, gene cloning and their
application
4.
Reference
Numbers
Book
of Hours
1,3,7,9,10
4
1,9,10,11
6
1,4,9,10,11
5
1,7,8,9
8
7,8,9,10
4
2,5,6,11,12
3
Microbial Biotransformation: Introduction, types of
reaction mediated by microorganisms, design of
biotransformation processes, types of selection of
organisms, biotransformation process and its
improvements with special reference to steroids.
5.
Enzymes: Techniques of immobilization of enzymes,
factors affecting enzyme kinetics. Study of enzymes such as
hyaluronidase,
penicillinase,
streptokinase
and
streptodornase, amylase & proteases etc.
6.
Safety in Biotechnology: Introduction, Biosafety,
Pathogenic Microorganisms and Fungi
Recommended Study Materials:
1) Microbiology, M. J. Pelczar, JR., E.C.S. Chan and N. R. Krieg, Tata Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.,
New York.
2) Industrial Microbiology, L. E. Casida, JR., New Age International Publishers, India.
3) Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology, A. J. Sale, Tata McGrew Hill Publishers
Company Ltd., New York
4) Bentley’s Text Book of Pharmaceutics, Edited by E. A. Rawlins, Bailliere Tindall, United
Kingdom.
5) Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol I & II, Gennaro Alfonso R.,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York.
6) Microbiology A Laboratory Manual, J. G. Cappuccino, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
7) Pharmaceitical Biotechnology, Asutosh Kar, New Age International publishers, New
Delhi.
8) Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, S.S. Purohit, H. N. Kakrani, Student Edition, Jodhpur.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 147 of 240
9) Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Concept & Applications, Gary Walsh, John Willey &
Sons Inc., New York.
10) Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, S. P. Vyas & V. K. Dixit, CBS Publishers & Distributors,
New Delhi.
11) Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Edited by M. J. Groves, Taylor & Francis, New York.
12) Biotechnology & Biopharmaceuticals, Roney B. Y. HO, Milo Gibaldi, John Willey & Sons
Inc., New York.
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 148 of 240
BIOSTATISTICS (MA331)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To prepare students to understand the basic statistics in Pharmacy discipline.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
To prepare student to interpret statistical summaries of data and results of statistical
techniques
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
Using black board,
•
Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
Using the computer softwares
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Contact Hours
1 Introduction to Biostatistics
1
2 Types of data in biostatistics
5
3 Descriptive Statistics
Introduction to Probability and Probability
4 Distributions
4
5 Basic Statistical Inference
7
6 Regression and Correlation
Total
4
26
© CHARUSAT 2012
Approx.
weightage
%
5
20
15
20
5
25
15
100 %
Page 149 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
No.
1
Contact
Unit details
Hours
Introduction to Biostatistics
1
History and development
2
Types of data in biostatistics, Samples and population,
5
Variables in biostatistics, accuracy and precision of data
Frequency distribution, tables and graphs
3
Descriptive Statistics
4
The Arithmetic Mean, Other Means
The Median, The Mode
The Range, The Standard deviation and coefficient of
variation
4
Introduction to Probability and Probability Distributions
5
Basic Probability
Probability Distribution:
Binomial, Poisson distribution
Normal Distribution
5
Basic Statistical Inference
7
Sample Statistic and Parameter
Estimation of Population Mean and Population Variance
Distribution and variance of sample statistics
Student's t distribution and Chi - square distribution
Introduction to Confidence limits
6
Regression and Correlation
4
Introduction to Regression: Concept of dependent and
independent variables
Simple linear regression
The Product Moment correlation coefficient
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 150 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
Sr No Topic
1
Introduction to Microsoft Excel
2
Entering statistical data in excel and graphical presentation
3
Computing Arithmetic Mean, Median, Mode
4
Computing Quartiles, Percentiles
5
Computing Measures of dispersions
6
Computing probabilities using excel functions and formula for
Binomial distribution
7
Computing probabilities using excel functions and formula for
Poisson distribution
8
Computing probabilities using excel functions and formula for
Normal distribution
9
Generating Random numbers from Discrete distribution
10
Generating Random numbers from Continuous distribution
11
Sampling distributions (t ,F and Chi Square distribution)
Computing confidence limits using excel functions
12
Bivariate data analysis:
Computing Karl Pearson correlation coefficient, and Linear
regression using excel functions
Recommended study materials:
Reference Books
1. Pharmaceutical Statistics: Practical and Clinical Applications by Stanford Bolton, Charles Bon.
(Fourth Edition) Marcel Dekker
2. Fundamentals of Biostatistics by Bernard Rosner (5th Edition) Duxbury – Thompson
Learning
3. Introduction to Biostatistics by Robert R. Sokal and F. James Rohlf (Second Edition) Dover
Publications
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 151 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 6)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 152 of 240
PHARMACOLOGY-III (PH308)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course: To make students familiar with the principles of pharmacology as
well as advance knowledge.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives: At the end of the course, the student will be able
to understand the concept of Pharmacology.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy: Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using
black board and multimedia projector.
Course Outline:
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Unit
Pharmacology of Cardiovascular System
Drugs Acting on the Hemopoietic System
Drug acting on Kidney
Chemotherapy
Immunomodulators
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No.
of Contact
Hours
Approx.
Weightage
%
14
31
7
16
2
4
20
45
02
4
45
100%
Page 153 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Topic
References
Pharmacology of Cardiovascular System
a) Cardiac glycosides and other Cardiotonics
b)Antihypertensive drugs
c)Anti-anginal drugs
d)Anti- arrhythmic drugs
e) Anti-hyperlipidemic drugs
f) Drugs used in the therapy of shock
Drugs Acting on the Hemopoietic System.
a)Hematinics
b)Anticogaulants, Vitamin K and Hemostatic Drugs
c)Fibrinolytic and Anti- platelet drugs
d)Blood and Plasma Volume Expanders
Drug acting on Kidney
a)Diuretics
Chemotherapy :
a) General Principles of Chemotheraphy
b) Sulphonamides and Co- trimoxazole
c) Antibiotics: Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Beta- lactams,
Macrolides, Tetracyclines Chlormphenicol, aminoglycosides,
quinolones and miscellaneous antibiotics including newer
antibiotics
d) Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis and Leprosy
e) Antifungal agents
f) Antiviral agents
g) Chemotherapy of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS
h) Drugs used in the Therapy of Protozoal Infections:
Antimalarial and antiamoebic drugs
i) Anthelmintic drugs
k) Anti-malignant agents
j) Immunomodulators: Immunostimulants and
Immnosupperssants
1,2,3,4,8,7,13
Hrs
required
14
1,2,3,5,6,12
7
1,2,3,11
2
4,8,7,9,10
20
4,8
02
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 154 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr.
Aim of Practical
No.
1
To study Bioassay of agonists using rat ileum / Chicken ileum by following
methods:
a) Graphical method
b) Matching method
c) Three and four point ( multiple point) method
2
To study Bioassay of antagonists using rat ileum / Chicken ileum by following
methods:
a) Graphical method
b) Matching method
c) Three and four point ( multiple point) method
3
To study the diuretic effect of the drug using suitable animal model.
4
To study the effect of drugs on the coronary blood flow and heart rate using
isolated rats heart (Langendorff’s preparation).
5
To study the effect of various drugs on the rat anococcygeus muscle.
6
To study the effect of 5-HT on rat fundus strip preparation.
7
To study the effect of various drugs on the blood pressure of
anaesthetized
rat.
8
To study the effect of various drugs on rat uterus.
9
To study the effect of various drugs on rat vasdeferens.
Recommended study materials:
1. Practicals in pharmacology; Goyal R.K. M/s B.S.Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad.
2. Handbook of experimental pharmacology;Kulakarni S.K. - Vallabh Prakashan, New
Delhi.
3. Fundamentals of experimental pharmacology;Ghosh M.N- Scientific book agency,
Calcutta.
4. Pharmacology; Rang H.P., dale M.M., etal – Churchill livingstone, USA.
5. Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics;Satokar R.S., etal –Popular Prakashan,
Mumbai.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 155 of 240
6. Pharmacolgy;Harval, R.A., Champe P.C. etal –Lippincott- Raven Company,
Philadephia, New York.
7. Derasari and Ghandhi`s Elements of Pharmacology; R,K,Goyal,B.S.Shah
Prakashan,Ahmedabad.
8. Goodman and Gilman’s –The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, Pergamon Press,
Sigapore.
9. Text Book of pharmacology;Seth, S.D., B.I.Churchill.New Delhi.
10. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology; Bertram G. Katzung, y, MC Graw Hill.
11. Text book of Pharmacology; K.D.Tripathi,. Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi.
12. Principles of pharmacology; H.L. Sharma, K.K. Sharma ., Paras medical
publication.
13. Essentials of Pharmacotherapeutics;
F.S.K. Barar S.Chand & Co. Ltd., New
Delhi.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 156 of 240
PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY-IV (PH309)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with Pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies of alkaloids
containing plants.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the pharmacognostic aspects specifically, the sources, the preparation methods
and utilization of alkaloids containing crude drugs
•
Understand the Phytochemistry of alkaloids
•
Learn about the plants used as Natural colorants, fragrance and sweetening agents
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board,
•
using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
Minimum
No. of
hours
Approx.
weightage
%
20
45
21
35
4
20
45
100%
Systematic study of source, cultivation, collection, processing,
commercial varieties, chemical constituent’s substitutes, uses,
diagnostic macroscopic and microscopic features and specific
chemical tests of alkaloids containing drugs.
2.
Distribution, chemistry, isolation, estimation, biogenesis,
pharmacology, commercial and medicinal utilization of some
important alkaloids.
3.
Natural colorants, fragrance and sweetening agents
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 157 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.
Name of Chapter
Reference
Required
No
1
Hrs.
Systematic study of source, cultivation, collection, processing,
commercial
varieties,
chemical
constituent’s
substitutes,
uses,
diagnostic macroscopic and microscopic features and specific chemical
tests of following alkaloids containing drugs :
Pyridine-piperidine-Tobacco, Areca and Lobelia.
Tropane: Belladona, Hyoscyamus, Datura, Duboisia, Coca and Withania.
Quinoline and isoquinoline: Cinchona, Ipecac, Opium, Camptotheca.
Indole: Ergot, Rauwolfia, Catharanthus, Nux- vomica and Physostigma.
Imidazole: Pilocarpus.
1,2,3,
4,6,7,8,
20
10,15,16
Steroidal: Kurchi and Veratrum.
Alkaloidal amine: Ephedra, Colchicum.
Glycoalkaloid: Solanum.
Purines: Coffee, Tea and Cola.
Quinozoline: Vasaka
2
3
Distribution, chemistry, isolation, estimation, biogenesis, pharmacology,
5,8,
commercial and medicinal utilization of some important alkaloids such
10,12,13,
as: Atropine, Quinine, Ephedrine, Caffeine, Reserpine, Ergotamine,
14,15,16,
Morphine, Vincristine and Vinblastine.
17,18
Natural colorants, fragrance and sweetening agents
19,20
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 158 of 240
21
4
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
No.
Aim of the Practical
1
Pharmacognostic study of Datura and histological assessment of the powdered drug
2
Pharmacognostic study of Vasaka and histological assessment of the powdered drug
3
a) Pharmacognostic study of Rauwolfia and histological assessment of the powdered drug
b) Pharmacognostic study of Ipecac and histological assessment of the powdered drug
4
Pharmacognostic study of Kurchi and histological assessment of the powdered drug
5
a) Pharmacognostic study of Nux-Vomica and histological assessment of the powdered drug
b) Pharmacognostic study of Cinchona and histological assessment of the powdered drug
6
Pharmacognostic study of Ephedra and histological assessment of the powdered drug
7
Pharmacognostic study of Withania root/leaf and histological assessment of the powdered
drug
8
Isolation of Nicotine from tobacco powder and its TLC identification.
9
Isolation of Caffiene from tea powder and its TLC identification.
10
Isolation of Piperine from pepper powder and its TLC identification.
11
Isolation of Solasodine from solanum powder and its TLC identification.
12
Isolation of Berberine and its TLC identification.
Recommended study materials:
1.
Pharmacognosy: C.K.Kokate, A.P.Purohit, S.B.Gokhale, Nirali prakashan, Pune, 39th Edition,
2007.
2.
Pharmacognosy and pharmacobiotechnology, Ashutosh Kar, New Age International (P) Ltd,
Publishers, 2nd edition 2007.
3.
A Text Book of Pharmacognosy: C. S. Shah, J. S. Quadry, B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahemedabad, 8th
edition, 1990
4.
Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy: W. C. Evans, W.B.Saunders Co., Singapore, 15th Edition 2008.
5.
Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, Vol. I and II, O. P. Agrawal, Goel Publishing House, 31st
Edition, 2005.
6.
Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Part I and II, Vinod D. Rangari, Carrier Publications, 1st
Edition, Reprint, 2007.
7.
Pharmacognosy: V. E. Tylar, L. R. Brady, J. E. Habbers, Lea and Febgir Philadelphia, 8th Edition,
1981.
8.
Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants, Volume I to VII, A. K. Gupta, ICMR, 2003.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 159 of 240
9.
Quality Control of Herbal Drugs: Mukherji P. K., Business Horizon Pharma. Publishers, 1st
Edition, 2002.
10.
Herbal drug technology, S. S. Agrawal and M. Paridhavi, Univeristies Press, 1st Edition, 2007.
11.
Organic Chemistry of Natural Products Volume I and II: Chatwal G., 7th Reprint 1998, Himalaya
Publishing House, Mumbai.
12.
Organic Chemistry, Volume- 2, Steriochemistry and the chemistry of Natural Products: Finar I.L.,
Fifth Edition, 1996, ELBS Publication.
13.
Medicinal Natural Products. A biosynthetic Approach: Dewick P, 2nd Edition, 2001, John Willey
and Sons.
14.
A Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Products: Pandeya S., S G Publishers, 1st Edition,
2007.
15.
Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Published by Indian Drugs Manufacturers’ Association, Revised
new Edition, 2002.
16.
Medicinal Plant Alkaloids: Sim. S.K., University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1986.
17.
Phytochemical methods: Harborne J.B., 3rd Edition, 1998 Chapman and Hall London.
18.
Chemistry of Natural Products, S. V. Bhat et al., Narosa publications, Delhi, reprints 2008.
19.
Wells F.V. and Billot M. Perfumery Technology, Art: Science: Industry. 1st Edition, 1981. Ellis
Horwood Ltd, London.
20. Bhatia S.C. Perfumes, Soaps, Detergents and Cosmetics. Volume II. 1st Edition, 2001. CBS
Publishers and Distributors. New Delhi.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 160 of 240
MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-II (PH310)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of medicinal
chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study the synthetic approaches and
structure activity relationship of different therapeutic class of drugs.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of Medicinal chemistry
•
Students should be able to describe in detail synthetic approaches, mechanisms of
action as well as structure activity relationship of some important therapeutic class
of Drugs.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher to a student.
•
Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
1
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in
relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of
the drug (if any) including
• Introduction
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
• Structure activity relationship
• Therapeutic Uses
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact hours.
Weightage %
30
100
30
100 %
Page 161 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
Unit
No. of
Hours
Reference
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of the drug (if
any) including
• Introduction
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
• Structure activity relationship
1,2,3
• Therapeutic Uses
Drugs acting on Central Nervous System
• General and local anesthetics (ketamine, helothen, thiopenton,
lignocaine, lidocaine, procaine)
• Hypnotics and sedatives (phenobarbitone, amilobarbitone,
methohexital)
• Opioid analgesics (pthadine hydrochloride, dextrepropoxyphene)
• Anti convulsants (diphenylhydentoin, ethosuximede,
trimethadione)
• Anti Parkinsonism drugs (L-DOPA)
• CNS stimulants (nikethamide, bemegride)
• Neuroleptics (nitrazepam, diazepam, chlorpromazine, haloperidol,
tybamate, meprobemate)
• Antidepressants (amitriptyline, emiprimine,doxepin)
• Anxiolytics (nitrazepam,diazepam)
Hormones : discussion of chemistry and drug action
• Thyroid hormone and anti-thyroid agents
• Insulin and hypoglycemic agents
• Steroid hormones – adrenal cortex hormones and sex hormones
(progesterone, dienestrol, diethylstilbestrol)
Chemistry of Autocoids
• Eicosanoids and their synthesis inhibitors
15
1,2,3
05
1,2,3
02
1,2,3
1.4
NSAIDs (paracetamol, ibuprofen, indomethacin, meclifenamate sodium)
02
1,2,3
1.5
Antiallergic agents (chlorpheniramine, pheniramine antazoline)
02
1,2,3
1.6
Pharmaceutical Aids
02
1,2,3
1.7
Diagnostic Agents
02
1,2,3
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 162 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
Topic No. Aim of the Practical
Referen
ces
1
Organic spotting of binary mixtures of solid + solid (all type) along with
identification of the type of mixture, chemical separation, identification of the
individual components, establishment of the identity of the separated
components with the help of derivative preparation and TLC.(Minimum 7)
4,5,6,7
2
Preparation of stereo models of some selected drugs (examples of drugs).
4,5,6,7
3
1. Synthesis of aspirin from salicylic acid
4,5,6,7
2. Synthesis of N-acetyl glycine from glycine
4,5,6,7
3. Synthesis of benzillic acid from benzyl
4,5,6,7
4. Synthesis of benzil from benzoin
4,5,6,7
5. Synthesis of benzaldehyde phenyl hydroxime from benzaldehyde
4,5,6,7
Recommended Study Material:
1. Wilson and Giswold's Textbook of Organic, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical
Chemistry,J. N. Delagado and W. A. R. Remers, Eds, J. Lipponcott Co. Philadephia.
2. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry by W. C. Foye,, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
3. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry, H. E. Wolff, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
4. Strategies for Organic Drug Synthesis & Design by Daniel Lednicer, John Wiley &
sons, USA.
5. Organic Chemistry by L. Finar, Vol. I & II, ELBS/ Longman, London.
6. Vogel’s Text book of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS/ Longman, London.
7. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann & Saunder,, Orient Longman, London.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 163 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY-II (PH311)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
This course is designed as an introduction to the organic structure of living systems. Lecture
will address introduction of Vitamins, clinical biochemistry, Genetic code and protein
synthesis and Nucleic Acids.
An understanding of biochemistry is a useful background for many areas of scientific study.
It relates the studies of biology and chemistry, allowing an integration of knowledge from
both areas of coursework
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the biochemistry aspects specifically, the metabolism, nitrogen and sulphur
cycles, gene code in protein formation, chemistry basic information regarding DNA
and its replication, RNA types and its transcription and translation ect.
•
Understand basic idea of enzymes, protein, vitamins and biological oxidation process
in living cells.
•
Understand concept of chemistry of living systems which will further help in
understanding of drug interaction in the body, drug-protein binding ect.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board,
•
using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 164 of 240
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
04
Approx.
weightage
%
08
1
Nucleic Acids:
2
Porphyrin metabolism:
02
3
Genetic code and protein synthesis:
04
4
Vitamins:
03
5
Biological Oxidation
03
6
Nitrogen and Sulphur cycles
04
14
7
Clinical Biochemistry
10
30
30
Total
14
14
10
10
100%
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
Unit
1
Nucleic Acids: biosynthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids,
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
04
References
02
1,3,4,5
04
1,2,3,4,5,6
03
1,2,3,4,5,6
03
1,2,3,4,5,6
1,3,4,5
denovo synthesis of purine nucleotides, salvage pathway for
purine biosynthesis, pyrimidine biosynthesis.
2
Porphyrin metabolism: importance in the body, properties and
biosynthesis of porphyrins, synthesis of haemoglobin, disorders
related to these metabolic pathways.
3
Genetic code and protein synthesis: genetic code, DNA
structure and its replication, RNA types and structure,
transcription and translation, post-translational modifications,
regulation of these processes and inhibitors of translation,
mutations, physical and mutagenesis or carcinogenesis and
DNA repair mechanisms.
4
Vitamins: structure and biochemical function of fat-soluble and
water-soluble vitamins.
5
Biological Oxidation: redox potential, enzyme and coenzyme
involved in oxidation reduction and its control, respiratory
chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 165 of 240
6
Nitrogen and Sulphur cycles: nitrogen fixation, ammonia
04
1,2,3,4,5,6
10
1,2,3,4,5,6
assimilation, nitrification and nitrate assimilation, sulphate
activation, sulphate reducation, incorporation of sulphur in
organic
compounds,
release
of
sulphur
from
organic
compounds,
7
Clinical Biochemistry genetic disorders of carbohydrate, fat
protein and nucleic acid metabolism. liver function test, kidney
function test, advance diagnostic techniques PCR, radio
immuno assay, ELISA, DNA finger print, immunofluorescence,
electrophoresis, biosensors such as glucometer etc., marker
enzymes and their diagnostic applications like lactate
dehydrogenase, acetycholinestrase, phosphatase, amylase etc.
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
No.
1
Aim of the Practical
Study
of
techniques
like
spectrophotometry,
Reference
centrifugation,
7,8,9,10,11
electrophoresis and different types of chromatography.
2
Extraction and purification of nucleic acids.
7,8,9,10,11
3
Gastric Juice Analysis: Bound and free.
7,8,9,10,11
4
Quantitative estimation of amino acids.
7,8,9,10,11
5
Quantitative estimation of proteins.
7,8,9,10,11
6
Quantitative estimation of serum glucose by various methods.
7,8,9,10,11
7
Quantitative estimation of serum creatinine, cholesterol, urea, etc
7,8,9,10,11
8
Quantitative estimation of SGOT, SGPT, BRN, etc.
7,8,9,10,11
9
Estimation of chloride content in the urine samples
7,8,9,10,11
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 166 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1. Principles of Biochemsitry by A. L. Lehninger,, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
2. Harper's Biochemistry, Edited by R. K. Murry, D. K. Granner, P.A. Mayes and V. W.
Rodwell, Prentice Hall International Inc., Latest Edition.
3. Biochemistry by S. C. Rastogi, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, Latest Editon.
4. Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana,
Books and Allied (P) Ltd., Calcutta, Latest
Edition.
5. Principles of Biochemsitry by G. F. Zubay, W. W. Parson and D. E. Vance, WBC
Publishers, England, Latest Edition.
6. Principles of Biochemistry (Paperback), Robert Horton, Laurence A Moran, Gray
Scrimgeour, Marc Perry and David Rawn. Pearson Education.
7. An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry by D. T. Plummer,, Tata McGraw Hill, New
Delhi.
8. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry, Willey, Eastern Limited, New Delhi.
9. Practical Biochemistry: Principles and Techniques, 5th ed. Cambridge : Cambridge
University Press, 2003
10. Introductory Practical Biochemistry, Singh R. and Sawhney, S.K., New Delhi : Narosa
Publishing House, 2002
11. P. G. Tikekar, Practical Biochemistry for medical students, Ed. 4 Publ. Mrs. Nalini. P.
Tikekar, Bombay,1964.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 167 of 240
BIOPHARMACEUTICALS (PH312)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
To study the unique qualities of biological products in the way that they are derived
and manufactured as opposed to other drug products.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the students to have a good understanding of the preparation of
biological products.
•
Students should be able to describe use and applications of various biological
products.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact Hours
Weightage %
Approx.
1
Blood products and plasma substitutes
2
Surgical Products
3
Immunological Preparations
4
Fermentation
5
Allergenic Extracts
6
Study of Diagnostic Aids
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
8
18
7
15
9
20
8
18
6
14
7
45
15
100
Page 168 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
Unit Details
No
1
Reference
Numbers
Book
of Hours
2,5,10
8
1,2,10
7
4,7,9,10
9
Blood products and plasma substitutes:
Collection, processing labeling and storage of whole human
blood, concentrated human RBC, dried human plasma, human
fibrinogen, human thrombin, human normal immunoglobulin,
human fibrin foam, plasma substitutes-ideal requirements,
PVP, dextran etc., control of blood products as per I.P and B.P.
2
Surgical Products:
Definition, primary wound dressing, absorbent surgical cotton,
surgical gauzes, bandages, adhesive tape, protective cellulosic
hemostastics, official dressing, absorbable and nonabsorbable
sutures, catgut. Standardization of surgical products,
Packaging and labeling of surgical products in general. Medical
prosthetics and organ replacement materials
3
Immunological Preparations:
a) Immunology: A brief introduction to following terms:
• Antigens
•
Immune system
•
Cellular & humoral immunity
•
Antigen & Antibody reactions
•
Active & Passive Immunity
b) Immunological Preparations:
•
Vaccines: Preparation, Standardisation, storage, A brief
study of following vaccines: tetanus toxoid, BCG,
rabies, polio, typhoid, hepatitis vaccine,
•
Antibodies: Polyclonal & Monoclonal, Hybridoma
technology for Monoclonal Antibodies
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 169 of 240
4
Fermentation:
Screening of soil for organisms producing antibiotics, general
screening methods, isolation and preservation of pure cultures.
Mutants, factors influencing rate of mutation. Fermenter, its
design, control of different parameters, design of fermentation
process. media, sterilization (fermenter, media, air, etc.),
3,4,6,8
8
1,5
6
10
7
Isolation of fermentation products. Detailed production of
1. selected antibiotics: penicillins,
streptomycins,tetracyclines
2. vitamin B12, Riboflavin
3. others: citric acid, alcohol
5
Allergenic Extracts:
Types of allergy, allergens, diagnosis of allergy, sensitivity
testing, and treatment of allergy, preparation, testing and
standardisation of allergenic extracts.
6
Study of Diagnostic Aids Produced by Biotechnology
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No.
Aims of Practical
1
Preparation of the anticoagulant solution.
2
Preparation of alcohol by fermentation.
3
Preparation of allergenic extracts
4
Standardization of vaccines
5
Preparation of bandage.
6
Isolation of mutant by gradient plate techqunie
7
Preparation of different pads
8
Preparation of Plaster of Paris
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 170 of 240
Recommended Study Materials:
1. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,Vol I & II, Gennaro Alfonso R.,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York
2. Dispensing Pharmacy by Cooper & Gunn, Edited by S. J. Carter, CBS Publishers &
Distributors, New Delhi.
3. Principles of Fermentation Technology, P. F. Stanbury, A. Whittaker, Aditya Books (P)
Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Industrial Microbiology, Prescott and Dunn, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New
Delhi.
5. Biopharmaceuticals: Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Gary Walsh, John Willey & Sons
Inc., New York.
6. Industrial Microbiology, L. E. Casida, JR., New Age International Publishers, India.
7. Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Edited by W.B. Hugo and A.D. Rusell Blackwell Science,
United Kingdom.
8. Fermentation Microbiology & Biotechnology, Edited by E. M. T. EL Mansi & C. F. A.
Bryce, Taylor & Francis, New York.
9. Microbiology, M. J. Pelczar, JR., E.C.S. Chan and N. R. Krieg, Tata Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.,
New York.
10. Indian Pharmacopoeia 2007, Indian Pharmacopoeial Commission, Ghaziabad.
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 171 of 240
BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS (PH313)
(Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with basic aspects of
Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics of the drugs
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of absorption,
distribution, metabolism & elimination (ADME) process of drugs occur and various
factors which influence on them in body.
•
Students should be able to learn Pharmacokinetics aspects of drugs and its
significance
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of Contact Weight age %
Hours Approx.
Introduction to Biopharmaceutics
1
3
7
and Pharmacokinetics
2
Biopharmaceutics
18
40
3
Pharmacokinetics
16
35
4
Bioavailability & Bioequivalence.
8
18
45
100
Total
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr
Unit Details
no
1
Reference
No. of
Books
Hours
1,8,9
3
Introduction to Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
History and their role in formulation development & therapeutics and
clinical setting.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 172 of 240
2
Biopharmaceutics:
Physicochemical, biological and pharmaceutical factors affecting
biopharmaceutical performance of drugs in ADME (Absorption,
distribution, metabolism (biotransformation) and elimination
a) Absorption of drugs: Passage of drugs across biological barrier by
various mechanisms- passive diffusion, active transport, facilitated
diffusion and pinocytosis, Factors influencing absorptionphysiochemical, physiological and pharmaceutical factors,
absorption of drugs from non per oral system.
b) Drug distribution: Factors affecting distribution, Volume of
1,2,3,4,5,7,8,
18
1,4,6,7,8,
16
distribution and its significance. Role of plasma proteins with
respect to protein binding of drugs and its significance
c) Metabolism of Drug: Factors affecting metabolism of drug, Phase I
& Phase II reactions
d) Excretion of drug: Mechanism of excretion, Factors affecting
excretion
e) Brief introduction to Biopharmaceutical Classification System
(BCS)
3
Pharmacokinetics:
a) Pharmacokinetics: Introduction, basic consideration
Compartments model: Importance & applications. Significance of
plasma drug concentration measurements.
b) Pharmacokinetics and drug absorption: Zero order and first order
c) Compartment kinetics: One compartment and two compartment
models. Determination of pharmacokinetic Parameters (including
absorption rate constant-Ka) from plasma & urine data after
drug administration by Oral and I.V. route. Determination of Ka
using Curve fitting (Method of Residuals), regression procedures,
Wagner –Nelson and LOO Riegelman method.
d) Clearance concept, mechanism of renal clearance, clearance ratio,
determination of renal clearance.
e) Hepatic elimination of drugs, first pass effect, extraction ratio,
hepatic clearance, biliary excretion, extrahepatic circulation.
i) Non linear Pharmacokinetics: A brief study of Non-liner
pharmacokinetics with special reference to one compartment
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 173 of 240
model after I.V. drug administration, Michaels Mention Equation,
detection of non linearity (Saturation mechanism) and application
h) Clinical Pharmacokinetics : basic consideration
4
Bioavailability & Bioequivalence:
a) concept and significance
b) Measurements of bioavailability, Cmax, Tmax and area under curve
(AUC).
c) Design of single dose bioequivalence study & relevant statistics.
1,5,7,8
8
Regulatory requirements for conduction of bio- equivalent studies.
d) Methods for enhancement of bioavailability
e) Brief introduction to In Vivo In Vitro Correlation (IVIVC)
Recommended Study Material:
1. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Leon Shargel, Mc Graw Hill, New York
2. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Gennaro Alfonso R., Vol I & II,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York
3. Modern Pharmaceutics, Edited by G. S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes, Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
4. Principal and Application of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Dr. H.P. Tipnis
Amrita Bajaj, Career Publication.
5. Pharmaceutics: The science of dosage form design, Edited by M.E. Aulton, Churchill
Livingstone, New York.
6. Pharmacokinetics, M. Gibaldi, D. Perrier, Marcel Dekker. New York.
7. Biopharmaceutics & Clinical Pharmacokinetics –An introduction, R.E. Notari, Marcel
Dekker Inc.N.Y.
8. Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, D. M. Brahmankar, S. B. Jayswal, Vallabh
Prakashan, New Delhi
9. Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics by Venkateshwarlu, Pharama Book Syndicate,
Hyderabad.
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 174 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL SOFTWARES (PH314)
(Practical)
Credits: 1.5 (Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To prepare students to understand the basic applications of the softwares used in Pharmacy.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
To prepare student to use different softwares in pharmacy.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
Using black board,
•
Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
Using the computer softwares
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
The exercise pertaining to the applications of following softwares may be assigned to the
students by considering the utilization of software in field of pharmaceutical sciences.
1) Chem draw ©
•
Drawing of 2D and 3D structures of small molecular weight compounds
•
IUPAC nomenclature
2) COREL DRAW ©
•
Application of softwares in preparation of presentations e.g. poster, banners etc.
3) End Note ©
•
Accessing database using end note
•
Application of end note in scientific documentation
4) Adobe Photoshop ©
•
Application of software as image analysis and editing tool
•
Alteration of background and image modification as per set criterions
5) CHEMIX ©
•
Application of software in drawing pseudo ternary diagram.
6) Excel © sheet Microsoft
•
Biostatistics
•
ANOVA, t-test, f-test, SD. RSD, SEM, Avarage, Correlation, regression, chi-square
test
•
Data analysis using graphical method
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 175 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL MANAGEMENT-I (MB301)
(Theory)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
Objective of the Course:
This course is designed to allow the students to familiarize with basic management and
economic aspects of business world and would facilitate understanding of some basic
organizational processes. It also aims at helping students to learn the art of applying
concepts of management to the real-life / contemporary situations.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
By the end of the course, students would have a good understanding of:
• Various concepts of management, business and importance of other related
activities of the management.
• Learn important managerial skills so as to adapt to environmental changes.
• Fundamental concepts of economics namely demand, supply and price.
• Accounting terms and concepts including IT applications.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
•
•
•
•
Interactive Lectures,
Case Studies,
Group Presentations,
Applications and Problems.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Module
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Title/Topic
Forms of Business Organisation
Introduction to Management
Understanding Economics
Working with Accountancy
Contemporary Issues in Pharmaceutical Management
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Number
of
Sessions
6
6
6
10
2
30
Approx.
Weightage
%
20
20
20
30
10
100%
Page 176 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Module
No.
Title/Topic
1
Forms of Business Organisation
• Concept of Business
• Types of Business Organisation namely Sole Proprietorship,
Partnership, Company, Cooperative, etc.
2
Introduction to Management
• Evolution of Management Thought
• Concept of Management
• Management Approaches / Process
3
Understanding Economics
• Principles of Economics
• Laws / Determinants of Demand and Supply
• Costs of Production
4
Working with Accountancy
• Principles of Accountancy
• Ledger Posting, Book Entries, Trial Balance, Cash Book, BRS,
Rectification of Errors, P & L A/c, Balance Sheet
• Accounting Software – Tally, etc.
5
Contemporary Issues in Pharmaceutical Management
• Issues, Challenges and Opportunities in Pharmaceutical Sector
Total
Recommended study materials:
Number
of
Sessions
6
6
6
10
2
30
1. ‘Management’ – James Stoner, Edward Freeman, Deniel Gilbert Jr., - Prentice Hall
of India, New Delhi, Sixth Edition
2. ‘Essentials of Management’, Koontz and Weihrich, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004. 6th
Edition
3. Principles of Economics by N Gregory Mankiw; Publisher –Thomson SouthWestern.
4. Economics by John Solomon; Publisher: PHI
5. David Holt, Entrepreneurship – New Venture Creation, PHI
6. Paresh Shah (2009), Basic Accounting for Management, Oxford University Press
7. S N Maheshwari, S K Maheshwari (2008), A Text Book of Accounting for Management,
Vikas Publishing
•
Newspapers, Magazines and Journals:
1. Indian Management
2. Harvard Business Review
3. Economic and Political Weekly
4. Journal of Accounting
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 177 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 7)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 178 of 240
CLINICAL PHARMACY & PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS-I (PH401)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course: To make students familiar with the principles of Clinical Pharmacy &
Pharmacotherapy of disease.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
understand the concept of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapy.
Clinical pharmacy is the new emerging branch of pharmacology from which student can understand
role clinical pharmacist in association to Physician (hospital) & Patient.
On the other hand Pharmacotherapy is the area under which, discussion of treatment & management
of diseases& /or disorder.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy: Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black
board and multimedia projector as well as case studies discussion.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Unit
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
Approx.
Weightage
%
1
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy
2
4
2
Basic concept of Pharmacotherapy
3
7
3
Drug interactions
3
7
4
General Principles of Clinical toxicology
2
4
5
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
4
10
6
a) Pharmacovigilance b) Pharmacoepidemiology
4
7
Clinical laboratory tests and their interpretation
4
10
10
8
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Complication & Management of
13
28
b) Renal Disorders
5
10
c) Hematological Disorders
3
6
d) Malignant Disorders
2
4
45
100
following Diseases/Disorders:
a) Cardiovascular Disorders
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 179 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
Name of Chapter
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy: Development and
scope of clinical pharmacy, concept of health care team,
Role and Functions of clinical pharmacist as a member of
health care team.
Basic concept of Pharmacotherapy : Recording of
medication history, self medication, nonprescription
drug usage, Communication skills of Clinical Pharmacist
- Behavioral and interpersonal, with patients and other
professionals
Drug interactions: Prescription monitoring,
documentation and methods for minimizing clinically
relevant drug interactions.
References
1,4,6
Hrs.
required
2
1,4
3
1,3
3
4
General Principles of Clinical toxicology
1,3
2
5
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for safety and efficacy
(medication chart review, clinical review,
pharmacist interventions)
4,6
4
6
a) Pharmacovigilance.
- The role of clinical pharmacist in monitoring and
prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions
b)Concepts of Pharmacoepidemiology
1,3,5
4
7
Interpretation of clinical laboratory tests: Hematological,
pathological and biochemical investigations as markers
of Major organ damage and their effect on drug therapy
decisions
5,7,8,9
4
8
Clinical presentation, Diagnosis, Complication &
Management of following Diseases/Disorders.
a) Cardiovascular Disorders: Hypertension, Angina
Pectoris Myocardial Infarction, Congestive
Heart failure, Cardiac arrhythmias, Atherosclerosis,
Stroke
b) Renal Disorders:
electrolyte abnormalities, acid-base disorders, acute
renal failure, chronic renal failure
c) Hematological Disorders: Anemia.
d) Malignant Disorders: ,Leukemia, Lymphoma and
mammary carcinomas
© CHARUSAT 2012
1,5,8,9,10
13
1,5,8,9,10
5
1,5,8,9,10
3
1,5,8,9,10
2
Page 180 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
1
Practical related to Drug information Center, Role of Clinical pharmacist & its
role, Hospital visit ( different department ), Literature audit, Case studies
2
Pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacovigilance related practical.
3
Clinical laboratory tests & their interpretations (Actual data from hospital)
4
Prescription monitoring related to Polypharmacy & Drug interaction
5
Case studies based on Cardiovascular, Renal, Hematological and Malignant
Disorders.
For clinical pharmacy related practical, pre tested format of case studies will be given.
Recommended study materials: (Latest edition)
1. Elements of Clinical Pharmacy: R.K Goyal, Parloop A.Bhatt & Mahesh D.Burande, B.S.
Shah Prakashan.
2. Davidson’s Principles & Practice of Medicines:Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.
3. Handbook of Drug Interactions, A clinical & forensic Guide by Ashraf Mozayani:
Humana Press.
4. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacy Practice: G. Parthasarathi, Karin Nyfort-Hansen and
Milap Nahata, Universities Press.
5. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Bertram G. Katzung, MC Graw Hill.
6. Basic Principles of Clinical Research & Methodology: SK Gupta, ICMI.
7. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. Mark H. Beers and Robert Berkow.
Published by: Merck & Co.Inc., USA.
8. Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Roger Walker; Churchill Livingstone Publication.
9. Textbook of Therapeutics, Drug & Disease Management: Richard A. Helms, David J.,
Quan, Eric T Herfindal, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
10. Principles of Internal Medicine Vol. I & II by Harrison.
11. Guide to Good Prescribing: A Practical manual, WHO Action programme on Essential
Drugs Geneva.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 181 of 240
HERBAL DRUGS TECHNOLOGY-I (PH402)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with holistic concept of medication and drugs used in traditional
system of medicine and understand the safety aspects of plants used as medicine.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Understand the holistic concept of drug administration as explained in selected
medicinal systems and also to study the pharmacognostic aspects, uses and
pharmacological properties of traditional plant drugs.
•
To learn about uses of the herbal extracts in various cosmetic and herbal
formulations.
•
To learn about various poisonous plants.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board,
•
using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
The holistic concept of drug administration in traditional system of
medicines
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
Approx.
weightage
%
4
10
2.
Studies of traditional drugs
14
45
3.
Controversial drugs in Ayurvedic system of medicine
5
20
4.
Utilization of herbs and extracts in food and Cosmetic.
3
15
5.
Poisonous plants
4
10
30
100%
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 182 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.No. Name of Chapter
Reference
Hrs.
Required
1
The holistic concept of drug administration in traditional
11,14,17
4
Studies of traditional drugs, common vernacular names,
4,6,7,8,
14
botanical sources, morphology, chemical nature of chief
9,10,11,13,
system of medicines, Introduction to ayurvedic preparation like
Arishtas, Asavas, Gutikas, Tailas, Churnas, Lehyas & Bhasmas,
Ghrita- their preparation and standardization.
2
Constituents, pharmacology, categories and common uses and
14,15,17
marketed formulations of following drugs: Amala, Satavari,
Musali, Damvel, Bhilama, Karen, Nagod, Chitrak, Apamarg,
Gokhru, Bhringraj, Arjuna, Methi, Guggal, Madhunashini,
Shilajit, Pippali, Kapikachhu, Majith, Galo, Vaj.
3
Controversial drugs in Ayurvedic system of medicine with
9,10,12,
special reference to Brahmi, Shankhpushpi, Punarnava and
13,14,15
5
Rasna.
4
Utilization of herbs and extracts in food and Cosmetic.
1,2,5,11,
3
14,16,17
5
Poisonous plants with special reference to Calotropis, Aconite,
11,18
Hemlock, Abrus precatorius and fungal toxins
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr. No
Aim of the Practical
1
Pharmacognostic study of Madhunashini.
2
Pharmacognostic study of Brahmi.
3
Pharmacognostic study of Satavari and Musali.
4
Pharmacognostic study of Chitrak.
5
Pharmacognostic study of Punarnava.
6
Pharmacognostic study of Shankhpushpi.
7
Estimation of Piperine in crude drug or formulation.
8
Estimation of Curcuminoids in crude drug or formulation.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 183 of 240
4
9
Estimation of total cinchona alkaloids from cinchona bark.
10
Estimation of Sennoside in crude drug or formulation by UV spectrophotometric
method.
11
Standardization of Ayurvedic formulation (Triphala churna).
12
Standardization of herbal formulation.
Recommended study materials:
1. Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants. Edited by C.K. Atal and B.M. Kapoor
R.R.L., Jammu- Tawi, 1982.
2. Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal Plants. Edited by C.K. Atal and B.M. Kapoor
R.R.L., Jammu- Tawi, 1982.
3. British Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 1983. Published by British Herbal Medicine Association,
U.K.
4. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeias, 1999. Vol. I and Vol. II. A Joint Publication of R.R.L.
Jammu and IDMA, Mumbai.
5. Herbal Drug Industry. Chief Editor R.D. Chaudhary, 1st Edition, 1996. Eastern Publishers,
New Delhi.
6. Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants Vol. I, II, III, IV by R.P. Rastogi and B.N.
Mehrotra, CDRL Lucknow, 1993.
7. The Useful Plants of India, 3rd Reprint, 1994. Pub. & Information Directorate CSIR, New
Delhi.
8. The wealth of India. Raw Materials Revised. Edition 1985. Publication and Information
Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi.
9. Indian Materia Medica. Edited by K.M. Naadkarni. Volume Iand II. Reprint 1996.
Bombay Popular Parkashan.
10. Kiritkar K.R. and Basu B.D. Indian Medicinal Plants. Text Volume I, II, III and IV 1987.
International Book Distributors, Dehradun.
11. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy, 15th Edition, 2008. W.B. Saunders Company,
Singapore.
12. Vaidya B. G. Some Controversial Drugs in Indian Medicine. 1st Edition, 1982. Chaukhaba
Orientalia, Varanasi.
13. Ayurvedic medicinal plants, Kapoor L. D., CRC press, 1st Indian Reprint, 2005.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 184 of 240
14. The ayurvedic Formulary of India, Part I and II, Department of Indian system of Medicine
and Homoeopathy, Govt, of India, 1st English Edition, 2000.
15. Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic drugs, Kerala Series, volume 1 to 10.
16. Herbal drug technology, S. S. Agrawal and M. Paridhavi, Univeristies Press, 1st Edition,
2007.
17. Pharmacognosy: C.K.Kokate, A.P.Purohit, S.B.Gokhale, Nirali prakashan, Pune, 39th
Edition, 2007.
18. Toxic plants and other natural toxicants, Tam Garland et al., CABI publishing, 1999.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 185 of 240
MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-III (PH403)
(Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of medicinal
chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study the synthetic approaches and
structure activity relationship of different therapeutic class of drugs.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of novel approaches of Medicinal chemistry
•
Students should be able to describe in detail novel synthetic approaches, mechanisms
of action and recent advances in drug design as well as Quantitative Structure
Activity Relationship of some important therapeutic class of Drugs.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher to a student.
•
Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact hours.
Weightage %
1
Strategies in the search for new lead compounds
07
16
2
QSAR
15
32
3
Introduction to structure and ligand based drug design
08
18
4
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in
relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of
the drug (if any) including
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
• Structure activity relationship
• Therapeutic
15
34
45
100 %
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 186 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No
Unit
Minimum Referen
No.
of ces
Contact
Hours
1
Strategies in the search for new lead compounds: introduction,
07
1,2,3
4,5,6,7
15
1,2,3
4,5,6,7
08
1,2,3
4,5,6,7
15
1,2,3
improvement of existing drugs, systematic screening including extensive
screening, random screening and high-throughput screening, screening
of synthetic intermediates, selective optimization of side activities
(SOSA) approach, new use for old drugs – an illustrative study with
suitable examples.
2
QSAR: introduction, SAR versus QSAR, various QSAR methods, linear
regression and multiple linear regression analysis, Hansch analysis, FreeWilson analysis, mixed approach, parameters used in QSAR,
experimental and theoretical approaches for the determination of
physicochemical parameters, statistical significance and interpretation
of QSAR models, prediction of novel potent molecule, 2D QSAR, 3D
QSAR- examples, CoMFA and CoMSIA.
3
Introduction to structure and ligand based drug design: structure
based drug design, requirement of SBDD, understanding of drugreceptor/enzyme/target interactions, preparation of protein/target along
with active site analysis, docing process, various docking methods, Denove drug design and ligand based drug design.
4
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of the drug (if any)
including
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
• Structure activity relationship
• Therapeutic
Drugs acting on Cardio Vascular System
•
Antihypertensives
(guanethidine,
bretylium
tosylate,
hedralazine hydrochlorid, propranolol, atenolol)
•
Antiarrhythmic agents
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 187 of 240
•
•
•
Antianginal agents
Antihyperlipidemic agents
Cardiotonics
•
Diuretics(chlorothiazide,hydroflumethiazide,benzthiazide,
furosamide, ethacrynic acid, acetazolamide)
•
Anticoagulants, thrombolytics, platelet aggregation inhibitors
(aspirin)
Recommended Study Material:
1. Wilson and Giswold's Textbook of Organic, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical
Chemistry,J. N. Delagado and W. A. R. Remers, Eds, J. Lipponcott Co. Philadephia.
2. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry by W. C. Foye,, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
3. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry, H. E. Wolff, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
4. Strategies for Organic Drug Synthesis & Design by Daniel Lednicer, John Wiley &
sons, USA.
5. Smith & William’s Introduction to the Principle of Drug Design and Action,4th
Edition, H. John Smith, Eds,CRS Press-Taylor & Francis Group, USA.
6. Text book of Drug Design & Discovery, 3rd Edition, Povl Krogsgaard-Larsan, Tommy
Liljefors & ULF Madsen, Eds, Taylor & Francis Group, USA.
7. Walter Sneader’s Drug Discovery-A History, John Willy & Sons, Ltd. UK.
8. Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry II: Volume 4: COMPUTER-ASSISTED DRUG
DESIGN (Hardcover), By: Jonathan S Mason (Editor),More About this Product, Pub.
By:Elsevier Science & Technology,2006
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 188 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS – III (PH404)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
(Theory & Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of instrumental
Analytical chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study the qualitative and
quantitative estimation of active constituents into a different pharmaceutical dosage
forms
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of instrumental Analytical chemistry
•
Students should be able to describe in detail different instrumental spectroscopy as
well as basic concept of qualitative and quantitative estimation.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
different chromatography techniques for separation of active constituents.
•
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher to a student.
•
Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
10
Approx.
weightage
%
1
Ultraviolet/Visible Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy
2
Infrared Spectrometry
07
16
3
Molecular Luminescence Spectrometry
05
10
4
Quantitative Thin – Layer Chromatography
03
08
5
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
12
26
6
Gas Chromatography
08
16
45
100%
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
24
Page 189 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Unit
Sr.
No.
1
Ultraviolet/Visible
Molecular
Absorption
Minimum References
No. of
Contact
Hours
10
3,4,5,7,10
Spectroscopy:
electromagnetic radiation – its properties and absorption by molecules,
factors affecting absorption of radiation by molecules, Beer’s Law and
its deviations, Beer’s & Lambert’s Law instrumentation, sample
handling techniques and pharmaceutical applications and recent
advancement.
2
Infrared Spectrometry: introduction, instrumentation (components
07
2,3,4,6,7
05
1,3,4,9
03
1,4,8
12
1,4,9,11,12
and their general working principles), sample handling, a brief
introduction to fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and
ATR, applications and recent advancement, analytical shortcomings.
•
3
Introduction to raman spectroscopy
Molecular Luminescence Spectrometry: theory of Fluorescence and
Phosphorescence,
Factors
affecting
the
intensity
of
chemiluminescence’s, Instrumentation and analytical applications and
recent advancement.
4
Quantitative Thin – Layer Chromatography: introduction, HPTLC,
Quantitation – scraping and elution, visual comparison, area
management, densitometry and thermal methods, applications and
recent advancement.
5
High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC): introduction,
theory – migration equation, theoretical plate, columns and stationary
phases, measurement of column performance and its optimization,
instruments for liquid chromatography including column packing for
various types of chromatography, Classification and Principle of HPLC,
mobile phase characteristics for normal and reversed phases, polarity
and selectivity of the solvents, Instrumentation (including significance
of guard column), scope and applications. Brief introduction to
hyphenated techniques like LC-MS, LC-MS-MS, etc
• Basic principle, theory and applications of partition, adsorption,
ion-exchange, size exclusion, Super critical fluid and Affinity
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 190 of 240
chromatography.
6
08
Gas Chromatography: introduction, principles of Gas – Liquid
1,4,9
chromatography, instrumentation, columns and stationary phases,
qualitative and quantitative applications in pharmaceuticals, brief
introduction to hyphenated techniques like GC-MS etc
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
Sr.
No.
1
2
Reference
Aim of the Practical
List of Requirement.
13
Standards of Tablets and Capsules as per IP’2007.
13
To perform weight variation of content of active ingredient test for given
13
Chloramphenical capsules IP’2007.
To perform weight variation and content uniformity test for active ingredient for
3
13
Atenolol as per IP’2007.
4
To perform assay of Mefenemic acid as per IP’2007.
13
5
To interpret the given IR spectra.
8
To perform assay of Calcium gluconate injection as per IP’2007.
13
6
To perform the assay of Isoniazide tablet as per IP’96.
7
To find out content of active ingredient of Metformine tablet as per IP’2007.
13
8
To perform the assay of active ingredient for Riboflavin as per IP’2007.
13
9
To find out concentration of Na+ ion from given sample using flame photometer.
8
10
To perform content uniformity test for Paracetamol as per IP’2007.
13
11
To perform uniformity test for Co- trimoxzole as per IP’92007.
13
To perform the TLC of given Sample mixture.
8
12
Demonstration of HPTLC
13
To perform the assay of Paracetamol by HPLC (demonstration).
8
14
To perform the assay of quinine sulphate by fluorimeter.
8
15
To study the effect of quenching on quinine sulphate by KI
8
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 191 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, Hollar and Nieman, Saunders college
Publishers, Philadelphia.
2. Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds. R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler, T.C.
Morrill Pub: John Wiley and Sons, NY.
3. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, Willard, Merritt, Dean and Settle, CBS publishers and
Distributers, Delhi.
4. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, BK Sharma, Goel Publication House,
Meerut, Second Edition- 2001 India.
5. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, 3rd ed, G. W. Ewing, McGraw Hill Book Co,
NY-1969.
6. Organic Spectroscopy, W. Kemp, 3rd ed, ELBS publication, NY, 1991.
7. Applications of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic compounds J. R. Dyer, Prentice Hall,
London
8. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Part I & II, A. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake, CBS
9. Introduction of Instrumental Analysis, Robert Braun, McGraw-Hill: New York
10. Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, P S Kalsi, New Age International Publishers.
11. Introduction to High Performance Liquid chromatography, R. J. Hamilton, Chapman and
hall, London
12. Munson JW. High performance liquid chromatography: Theory, instrumentation, and
pharmaceutical applications. In; Pharmaceutical analysis modern methods part B, New
York, Marcel Dekker.
13. Pharmacopoeia: USP, B.P., I.P.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 192 of 240
DOSAGE FORM DESIGN (PH405)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with basic parameters which are
important to design of pharmaceutical dosage forms
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of preformulation and
stability aspects of various dosage forms.
•
Students should be able to learn in detail about role of various excipients used in
various formulations
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of Contact
Weight age %
Hours Approx.
1
Preformulation studies
8
27
2
Stability of pharmaceuticals
8
27
3
Pharmaceutical necessities
8
27
Dissolution Studies
6
19
Total
30
100%
(Adjuvants/Excipients)
4
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr
Unit Details
no
1
Reference
No. of
Books
Hours
1,4,5,13
8
Preformulation studies:
a) Study of physical properties of drug like physical form,
particle size, shape, density, wetting, dielectric constant,
solubility, dissolution & organoleptics property & their
effect on formulation, stability & bioavailability.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 193 of 240
b) Crystal Characteristics: Crystalline structures, polymorphic
nature of drugs, methods to identify polymorph (XRD, DSC
studies)
c) Drug-Excipient compatibility studies & the role of DSC and
FTIR techniques to evaluate compatibility
2
Stability of pharmaceuticals:
a) Kinetic principles & stability testing: Reaction rate and
order. Product stability: Requirements, Shelf life, overages,
containers, closures.
b) Pathway of drug degradation and stabilization techniques:
Hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, racemization,
1,2,3,6,7
8
1, 8,10
8
9,11, 12,
6
polymerization, acid base catalysis etc. and their influence
on formulation and stability of products.
c) A Brief introduction to ICH guidelines, Accelerated stability
testing procedures. Stability protocols for various
pharmaceutical products.
3
Pharmaceutical necessities (Adjuvants/Excipients)
Anti- oxidants, preservatives, colours, flavours, Diluents,
binders, disintergrants, antifrictional agents, emulsifiers,
suspending agents, ointment bases, solvents etc.
4
Dissolution Studies:
Introduction, theory of dissolution, apparatus, interpretation of
results, Effect of micromeritics on dissolution of oral solid dosage
forms, A brief study of application of statistical treatment of
dissolution data. An overview of different pharmacopoeial
dissolution test apparatus with respect to IP, BP & USP
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 194 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practicals):
Sr no.
13.
Aim of Practical
Design Preformulation protocol for given drug including drug excipient compatibility
studies.
14.
To evaluate different glidants for the given formula of tablet.
15.
To evaluate best binder for given formula of tablet.
16.
Study the effect of diluents on tablet formulation.
17.
To evaluate the effect of different concentration of disintegrating agents on various
tablet formulation
18.
To prepare calamine lotion with different concentration of suspending agents and
evaluate various parameters with respect to Physical stability.
19.
Study about co-solvency for various solutes using PG, PEG & glycerin as co-solvent
with water as solvent.
20.
To prepare solid dispersion of Paracetamol using PEG 4000 as carrier and study
dissolution of paracetamol in pure form and from solid dispersion.
21.
Study dissolution behavior of Paracetamol tablet (marketed formulation)
22.
Study stability of ascorbic acid in given solution at given temperature.
23.
To study the Stability of aspirin at given temperature.
24.
To study the effect of pH on solubility of drugs.
Recommended Study Materials:
1. The Theory & Practice of industrial pharmacy, Leon Lachman, Lea & Febiger,
Varghese Publication House Bombay.
2. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Gennaro Alfonso R., Vol I & II,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York
3. Modern Pharmaceutics, Edited by G. S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes, Marcel Dekker inc.
N.Y.
4. Pharmaceutics: The science of dosage form design, Edited by M.E. Aulton. Churchill
Livingstone, New York.
5. Ansel’s Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivry system, H.C.
Ansel, N.G. Popovich, Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Philadelphia.
6. Drug Stability, edited by J. T. Cartensen, C.T.Rhode, Marcel Dekker Inc. N.Y.
7. Martin’s Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, P.J. Sinko, Lippincott
Williams & wilkins, Philadelphia.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 195 of 240
8. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, edited by R.C. Rowe, P.J. Sheskey, M. E.
Quinn, 6th edition American Pharmacists Association & The Royal Pharmaceutical
Society of Great Britain, USA
9. Pharmaceutical Dissolution testing, U. V. Banakar, Marcel Dekker Inc.
10. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: Tablets, H.A. Lieberman, Leon Lachman, Vol.: 1, 2, 3,
Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
11. Indian Pharmacopoeia, 2007 , published by Indian Pharmacopoeial commission,
Ghaziabad
12. United State Pharmacopoeia, 2004, Indian edition, United State Pharmacopoeial
convention INC.
13. Advance in controlled & Novel drug delivery system, edited by N.K.Jain , CBS
Publication, New Delhi
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 196 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY-I (PH406)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the formulation,
manufacturing and quality related issues of different non sterile dosage forms.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of the preparation of
tablet and tablet coating, capsules & semisolid dosage forms.
•
Students should be able to describe in detail instrumentation /equipments for both
preparation and evaluation of final product as per standards
•
Students should be able to describe good manufacturing practices and their
utilization during preparation of products.
•
Students should be able to describe the packaging materials for pharmaceutical
products and their requirement.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of Contact
Weight age %
Hours Approx.
1
Tablet and Tablet coating
10
22
2
Capsules
7
16
3
Micro encapsulation
6
13
4
Semisolid dosage forms
10
22
5
Other Solid Dosage Forms
2
4
6
Container, closures, packaging &
7
16
3
7
45
100
labeling for pharmaceutical
products
7
GMP (Schedule M)
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 197 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
Unit Details
No
1
Reference
Numbers
Book
of Hours
1,4,5,7,8,9
10
1,4,5,6,7,8,9
07
Tablet:
a) Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages,
b) Formulation of tablets diluents, disintegrants,
Binder,
Adsorbent,
Lubricants,
antiadherents,
glidants, organolaptic additives: colors, flavors and
sweetening agents, co processed excipients.
c) Granulation methods and its influence on physical
and mechanical properties, compression behaviour,
Direct compression,
d) Tablet Presses,
e) Problems and remedies.
f) Evaluation
(Pharmacopoeial
and
non-
pharmacopoeial tests) with special emphasis on
dissolution curve comparison ,
g) process flow sheets
Tablet coating: Objectives, Film (aqueous, non- aqueous,
pseudo latex coating), Sugar and compression coating,
Methods, Equipments and Design of coating pan, defects of
coated tablets and their remedies.
2
Capsules:
Hard Capsules- Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages,
Ideal Requirements, Production of hard capsules (gelatin
and non- gelatin e.g. vegetable capsules), Capsules storage,
Size of capsules, Formulation and methods of capsules
filling, Problems and remedies, Climate control in capsules
departments, I.P. products.
Soft gelatin capsules (SGCs)- Formulation of shell and
capsule core, Quality control.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 198 of 240
3
Microencapsulation- Importance of microcapsules in
pharmacy, methods of preparation: phase separation
coacervation, multi orifice centrifugal method, spray
congealing, polymerization, air suspension technique,
coating
pan
and
other
technique,
evaluation
1,4,5,7,8,9
06
1,2,7,8,9,10
10
2,3,5,6
2
7,8,9, 10,11
7
12
3
of
microcapsules.
4
Semisolid dosage forms: Definitions, advantages &
disadvantages, ideal requirements, types, mechanisms of
drug penetration, factor influencing penetration through
skin, Bases and their selection. General formulation of semi
solids, clear gels, manufacturing procedure, evaluation and
packaging, I.P. Products.
5
Other Solid Dosage Forms: Effervescent Granules and
Powders.
An
overview
of
Extrusion-Spheronization,
Palletization Technology and its applications.
6
Container,
closures,
packaging
&
labeling
for
pharmaceutical products :
7
•
Labeling requirements
•
metal, glass, plastic container
•
Rubber closures & pilfer proof caps
•
blister & strip packing
GMP (Schedule M)
Detailed syllabus (Practicals):
Sr. No.
1.
A
B
2. A
B
3. A
B
4.
5.
6.
7. A
B
8. A
Aim of Practical
Demonstration of Rotary Tablet Machine.
To Prepare and evaluate paracetamol tablet.
Demonstration of tablet coating machine
To Prepare and evaluate Aspirin effervescent tablet.
To Prepare and evaluate calcium lactate tablet.
Demonstration of tablet dissolution apparatus, friability apparatus and tablet
disintegration apparatus.
To Prepare and evaluate Chewable tablet.
To Prepare methyl salicylate gel
To Prepare & Evaluate fast dissolving tablet
To Prepare & Evaluate microspheres
Demonstration of Bottle, Vial, and Ampoules Washing Machine.
Demonstration of operation procedure of hand operated Capsule Filling
Machine
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 199 of 240
B
9.
10.
11.
12.
To Determine the appropriate size of capsule
To Prepare zinc oxide and iodine ointment
Study of different types of packaging for solid, liquid, semisolid and parenteral
products.
Preparation & Evaluation of Sodium Alginate Pellets
To prepare BMR (Batch Manufacturing Record) & BPR (Batch Packaging
Record) for given dosage forms
Recommended Study Material:
1.
The Theory & Practice of industrial pharmacy by Leon Lachman, Lea & Febiger,
Varghese Publication House Bombay.
2. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ed. A. R. Gennaro, Mack Publishing Co,
3. Modern Pharmaceutics, Edited by G. S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes, Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
4. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: Tablets, Vol.: 1, 2, 3, H.A. Lieberman, Leon, Lachman,
Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
5. Pharmaceutics: The science of dosage form design, Edited by M.E. Aulton. Churchill
Livingstone, New York.
6. Ansel’s Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivry system, H.C.
Ansel, N.G. Popovich, Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Philadelphia.
7. Indian Pharmacopoeia, 2007 , published by Indian Pharmacopoeial commission,
Ghaziabad
8. United State Pharmacopoeia, 2004, Indian edition, United State Pharmacopoeial
convention INC.
9. British Pharmacopoeia 2004, British Pharmacopoeia commission office, U.K.
10. Packaging of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Product, H. Lockhart and F.A. Paine,
Blackle Academic and Professional, Glasgow.
11. Pharmaceutical Packaging Technology edited by D.A. Dean, E. R. Evans, Taylor and
Francis, New York.
12. Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals: A Plan for Total Quality Control,
Sidney H. Willig, James R. Stoker Marcel Dekker Inc, New York
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 200 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL MANAGEMENT–II (MB401)
(Theory)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
Objective of the Course:
This course is designed to enable the students to familiarize with various important functions of
business management like marketing, human resources, and operations. It also aims at helping
students to learn the art of personal selling and inventory management. By the end of the course,
students would have a good understanding of:
• Various functions of management and other related activities.
• Learn important sales skills required for effective selling.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
By the end of the course, students would have a good understanding of:
• Various concepts of management, business and importance of other related activities of the
management.
• Learn important managerial skills so as to adapt to environmental changes.
• Fundamental concepts of economics namely demand, supply and price.
• Accounting terms and concepts including IT applications.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
•
•
•
•
Interactive Lectures,
Case Studies,
Group Presentations,
Applications and Problems.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Module
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Title/Topic
Entrepreneurship
Functional Areas of Business: Marketing
Financial Management
Human Resources Management
Operations Management
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Number of
Sessions
6
6
6
10
2
30
Approx.
Weightage %
20
20
20
30
10
100%
Page 201 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Module
No.
1
2
Number of
Sessions
6
Title/Topic
Entrepreneurship
• Meaning, Concept and Types of Entrepreneurship
• Entrepreneurship and Innovation
• Personal attributes for entrepreneurial success
Functional Areas of Business: Marketing
• Introduction to Marketing / Research
• Essentials of Pharmaceutical Marketing
o Marketing Mix Elements
6
o Product and Pricing Decisions
o Channels of Distribution, Physical Distribution and
Logistics
•
3
4
5
o Sales Promotion, Steps, Types, etc.
Sales Management
o Principles, Process and Importance of Personal Selling
o Sales Territory & Quotas
Financial Management
• Need and Sources of Finance
• Working Capital Management
Human Resources Management
• Manpower Planning (Concept of Job Analysis, Specification and
Description)
• Recruitment, Selection, Placement, Performance Appraisal,
Training and Development
• Wages / Salary / Remuneration Administration
Operations Management
• Concept / Types of Production Processes
• Selection of Location, Site, Plant, Layout, etc.
• Production, Planning and Scheduling (PPC)
• Total Quality Management (TQM)
• Inventory Management
o Concepts, Types, Techniques, etc.
Total
6
6
6
30
Recommended study materials:
5. Kotler, Keller, Koshy, Jha (Latest), Marketing Management: A South Asian Perspective, Pearson
Education
6. Ashwathappa, Human Resource Management, Tata MacGraw Hill
7. Russell, Taylor, Operations Management, Pearson
8. Prasanna Chandra, Financial Management, TMH
Newspapers, Magazines and Journals:
1. Indian Management
2. Harvard Business Review
3. Journal of Entrepreneurship
4. Journal of Marketing
5. HRM Review
6. Industry Reports, etc.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 202 of 240
ELECTIVE - I
PHARMACEUTICAL INSTRUMENTATION & TECHNOLOGY-I (PH407.01)
Credits: 1.5
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with different machineries used in pharmaceutical industry for
manufacturing of dosage form
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the theoretical aspects of the different machines used in pharmaceutical
production and formulation development
•
To enable students to prepare comparative data sheet for purchase of pharmaceutical
machineries
Detailed Syllabus:
Study of design, working and applications of following machineries used in manufacturing
and development of pharmaceutical dosage forms
•
Rotary tablet compression machine
•
Tablet coating machine
•
Capsule filling machine
•
Spray dryer
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Every week, a three hour slot to be allocated for the course.
During this three hour slot, first hour may be allocated for theoretical principles
while rest of two hours shall be allocated to practicals to be performed
A group of 4-5 students may handle a single machine per practical
Projects can be based on
o Practicals related to operating machine and preparing drug formulation
o Practicals related to documentation, SOP Preparations, Purchase related
technical evaluation
o Preparing a Review Document and Presentation based on recent advances in
particular machine and novel applications
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 203 of 240
The faculty shall explain
1. Using black board, notes, company manuals
2. By providing practicals and projects related to machine handling
3. Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Evaluation Scheme & Guidelines:
The evaluation shall comprise of total 100 marks, 80 marks university level evaluation
and 20 marks institute level evaluation
Institute will announce the schedule of examination in consultation with university
(same as practical exams)
Institute level evaluation of 20 marks will comprise of journals, attendance, mid-term
project report, presentations, practical performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva,
synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
University evaluation of 80 marks will comprise of projects, presentations, practical
performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva, synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
Recommended Books/Journals/Websites:
1. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Gennaro Alfonso R., Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, New York
2. The Theory & Practice of Industrial Pharmacy; Lachman L., Lieberman H.A., Kanjig J.L.,
Varghese Publishing House, Bombay; 3rd edition; 1991.
3. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, Informa Healthcare, Latest Edition
4. Journals/Magazines – PharmaTimes, PharmaBuzz, PharmaWorld
5. Technical Literatures from various companies involved in designing and manufacturing
of Pharma Machineries (available on websites)
6. Website: Contractpharma.com
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 204 of 240
ELECTIVE-I
PHARMACEUTICAL DOCUMENTATION-I (PH407.02)
Credits: 1.5
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with different documentation practices followed in
pharmaceutical industry.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to learn preparations of various documents involved in
pharmaceutical industry in departments of analysis, formulation, production, and
administration
Detailed syllabus:
List of Practicals:
To prepare Standard Operating Procedure for following machines
o
Rotary tablet compression machine
o Capsule filling Machine
To prepare Standard Operating Procedure for cleaning Class 100 Area
To prepare comparative data-sheet of Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for small
molecules, biomolecules and API and understand importance of each parameters
mentioned in CoA
Autoclave – Installation Qualification (IQ), Operational Qualification (OQ) and
Performance Qualification (PQ)
o To prepare an installation qualification protocol (IQ Protocol)
o To prepare an operational qualification protocol (OQ Protocol)
o To prepare performance qualification protocol (PQ Protocol)
To prepare Analytical method validation protocol
To prepare Master formula record (MFR) and study Batch formula record (BFR) for
any two formulations
To study Validation Master Plan for Sterile Dosage Manufacturing Unit
To study Specification and Method of analysis protocol for any one API
To study In process quality control (IPQC) protocol
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 205 of 240
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Every week, a three hour slot to be allocated for the course.
During this three hour slot, first hour may be allocated for theory while rest of two
hours shall be allocated to practicals to be performed
The faculty shall explain
1. using black board, notes, government documents
2. By providing practicals and projects
3. Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Evaluation Scheme & Guidelines:
The evaluation shall comprise of total 100 marks, 80 marks university level evaluation
and 20 marks institute level evaluation
Institute will announce the schedule of examination in consultation with university
(same as practical exams)
Institute evaluation of 20 marks will comprise of journals, attendance, mid-term
project report, presentations, practical performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva,
synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
University evaluation of 80 marks will comprise of projects, presentations, practical
performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva, synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
Recommended Books/Journals/Websites:
1. Guidance for the Preparation of Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. EPA, EPA-QA
G-6.
2. SOP guidelines: Electronic data management, D. H. Shah, Published by Business
horizons, 2nd edition
3. Pharmaceutical Process Validation, by Robert Nash, Mercel Dekker, 2003
4. http://pharmapedia.wikidot.com/certificate-of-analysis-guide-for-bulkpharmaceutical-excipients
5. CGMP-a good manufacturing practice for pharmaceuticals, Manohar Potdar, Pharma
med press, 2008
6. A WHO guideline to CGMP requirements: Part 2 Validation
7. Validation in Pharmaceutical Industry (Concept, Approches & Guidelines),
P.P.Sharma, Vandhana Publications, New Delhi
8. http://inorganicventures.com/tech/guides/consumer/certificate-of-analysis-parts
9. FDA Regulatory Affairs: A Guide for Prescription Drugs, Medical Devices and
Biologics, 2nd ed. – Douglas J. Pisano and David S. Mantus
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 206 of 240
ELECTIVE-I
PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETING-I (PH407.03)
Credits: 1.5
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with marketing practice followed in pharmaceutical industry.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
o Learn the skills of marketing to promote the sale of drug products and pharmaceuticals.
Detailed syllabus:
Sr.
Topic
No
1
Understanding Marketing Management
2
The Importance of Marketing
Fundamental Marketing Concepts, Trends, and Tasks.
The Scope of Marketing in Pharmaceuticals Markets.
Company orientations towards the marketplace
Capturing Pharmaceuticals marketing insights
Analyzing pharmaceutical business markets
Identifying market segments and targets
Ethics in Pharmaceutical Marketing
Pharmaceutical Brand Management and Market offerings
Brand Equity and brand positioning
Designing product and pricing strategy
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Every week, a three hour slot to be allocated for the course.
During this three hour slot, first hour may be allocated for theory while rest of two
hours shall be allocated to practicals/projects to be performed
The practical comprises of preparing marketing plan for domestic/international sales,
case-analysis, field work, presentations, etc.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 207 of 240
The faculty shall explain
1. Using black board, notes, etc.
2. By conducting practicals and projects
3. Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Evaluation Scheme & Guidelines:
The evaluation shall comprise of total 100 marks, 80 marks university level evaluation
and 20 marks institute level evaluation
Institute will announce the schedule of examination in consultation with university
(same as practical exams)
Institute evaluation of 20 marks will comprise of journals, attendance, mid-term
project report, presentations, practical performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva,
synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
University evaluation of 80 marks will comprise of projects, presentations, practical
performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva, synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
Recommended Books/Journals/Websites:
1. Marketing Management: A South Asian Perspective, Kotler, Keller, Koshy, Jha, Pearson
Education
2. Marketing Strategies by Saxena Rajan, Tata-McGraw Hill, latest edition
3. Marketing Management: Indian context by Ramaswami, Namakumari, Macmillan India.
4. Marketing Management by Kumar Arun, Meenakshi, Vikas Publishing, Latest Edition
5. Indian Journal of Marketing,
6. Marketing Master Mind, etc.
7. www.pharmaceuticals.gov.in
8. www.cdsco.nic.in
9. www.nppaindia.nic.in
10. www.gujhealth.gov.in
11. www.pharmexcil.org
12. www.mims.com/India
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 208 of 240
Bachelor of Pharmacy Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – 8)
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 209 of 240
CLINICAL PHARMACY & PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS-II (PH408)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the Course: To make students familiar with the principles of Clinical Pharmacy &
Pharmacotherapy of disease.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
understand the concept of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapy.
Clinical pharmacy is the new emerging branch of pharmacology from which student can understand
role clinical pharmacist in association to Physician (hospital) & Patient.
On the other hand Pharmacotherapy is the area under which, discussion of treatment & management
of diseases& /or disorder.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy: Faculty member/s shall explain in a class room using black
board and multimedia projector as well as case studies discussion.
Outline of the Course (Theory):
Sr.
No.
Minimum No. of
Contact Hours
Unit
1
Patient counseling
2
2
Concept of essential drugs and Rational use of medicines.
2
3
Pharmacoeconomics
3
4
Drugs used in special population
5
5
Concept of acute care medicine
2
6
Introduction to Clinical Research
2
7
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Complication & Management of
following Diseases/Disorders:
6
a) CNS Disorders
b) Endocrine Disorders
5
5
6
12
5
5
12
11
5
c) Musculoskeletal Disorders
6
3
d) Infectious Diseases
8
e) Gastrointestinal Disorders
18
9
4
f) Respiratory Disease:
6
3
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Approx.
Weightage %
45
100
Page 210 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.
No.
1
Name of Chapter
Patient counseling (to improve patient compliance on
References
Hrs
required
4
2
appropriate drug use)
2
Concept of essential drugs and Rational use of medicines.
4,8
2
3
Pharmacoeconomics:
8
3
1,6,8,9
5
9,12
2
11,8
2
1,2,4,6,7,9
6
Cost benefit analysis, cost effectiveness analysis, cost
minimization analysis, cost utility analysis
4
Drugs used in special population: Pediatric, Geriatric and
pregnant women.
5
Concept of acute care medicine: Managing ICUs, TPN &
emergencies
6
7
Introduction to Clinical Research:
-
Types of clinical research
-
Phases of clinical research
a) CNS Disorders:
Epilepsy, Parkinsonism, Schizophrenia, Depression,
Insomnia, Anxiety, Migraine etc
b) Endocrine Disorders: Pancreas , Thyroid, Parathyroid,
1,2,4,6,7,12
5
Adrenal
c) Musculoskeletal Disorders: Rheumatoid arthritis, Gout
1,2,4,6,7,9
3
& Hyperuricemia.
d) Infectious Diseases:
1,2,4,6,7, 9,12
Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract Infections, Enteric infections,
upper
8
respiratory tract infections, Meningitis, Malaria, sexually
transmitted diseases(STDs) and AIDS,
e) Gastrointestinal Disorders: Peptic ulcer disease,
Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Hepatitis, Cirrhosis
f) Respiratory Disease: Asthma & COPD
© CHARUSAT 2012
1,2,4,6,7,9,12
4
1,2,4,6,7,9,12
3
Page 211 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practical):
1
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Case studies
2
Pharmacoeconomics related practical.
3
Case studies related to Pediatrics, Geriatrics & pregnancy.
4
Case studies based on CNS, Endocrine, Musculoskeletal, Infectious and
Gastrointestinal Disease, Respiratory Disease.
For clinical pharmacy related practical, pre tested format of case studies will be given.
Recommended study materials :( Latest edition)
1. Textbook of Therapeutics, Drug & Disease Management: Richard A. Helms, David
J., Quan, Eric T Herfindal, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
2. Davidson’s Principles & Practice of Medicines:Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.
3. Pathology and Therapeutics for pharmacists: A basis for clinical pharmacy practice,
Greene and Norman, Pharmaceutical press.
4. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology,Bertram G. Katzung, MC Graw Hill.
5. Foundations of Clinical Drug therapy:Anne Collins Abrams, Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins.
6. Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Roger Walker; Churchill Livingstone
Publication.
7. Principles of Internal Medicine Vol. I & II By Harrison.
8. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacy Practice: G. Parthasarathi, Karin Nyfort-Hansen
and Milap Nahata, Universities Press, 2004
9. Elements of Clinical Pharmacy:R.K Goyal, Parloop A.Bhatt & Mahesh D.Burande,
B.S. Shah Prakashan.
10. Handbook of Drug Interactions, A clinical & forensic Guide by Ashraf Mozayani:
Humana Press.
11. Basic Principles of Clinical Research & Methodology: SK Gupta, ICMI.
12. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. Edited by Mark H. Beers and Robert
Berkow. Published by: Merck & Co.Inc., USA.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 212 of 240
HERBAL DRUGS TECHNOLOGY-II (PH409)
(Theory)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with the advanced applications of herbs as drugs and also with
regulatory guidelines world wide for the control and trade of herbal medicine.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
To understand the techniques to develop the plant tissue culture and implementation
of the method in research along with its advantages and limitations.
•
To familiar with the current regulatory situation prevailing worldwide to control the
utilization of herbal drugs.
•
To understand the spectral approach to elucidation of the structure of some low
molecular weight simple phytoconstituents along with stereochemistry of the
selected compounds and its impact on the biological activities exhibited.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain the lectures
•
using black board, using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
•
through visit of herbal garden
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No. Unit
1.
Plant Tissue Culture
2.
Marine Pharmacognosy and recent medicines from natural origin.
3.
Spectral approach to structure elucidation of different classes of
phytoconstituents.
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
7
Approx.
weightage
%
5
15
4
15
20
4.
Concept of stereoisomerism taking example of natural compounds.
3
10
5.
Regulatory guidelines in herbal drugs.
3
10
6.
WHO Guidelines for standardization of herbal drugs.
3
10
7.
Introduction to Chromatographic methods in Pharmacognosy.
5
20
Total
30
100%
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 213 of 240
Detailed syllabus (theory):
Sr.No. Name of Chapter
Reference
Hrs.
Required
1
Plant
Tissue
Culture-
Techniques
of
initiation
and
1,2,4,
maintenance of various types of cultures. Immobilized cell
15,16
7
culture and biotransformation studies including recent
development in production of biological active constituents in
static, suspension and hairy root cultures.
2
a) Marine Pharmacognosy, novel medicines from marine
1,2,4,14,15
5
Spectral approach to structure elucidation of different classes
2,3,8,9,
4
of phytoconstituents.
10,11,13
Concept of stereoisomerism taking example of natural
2,3,8,9,
compounds.
10,11,13
Introductory studies on regulatory conditions prevailing
5,6,12,
world wide for controlling the utilization and trade of herbal
14,16,17
Sources.
b) Recent molecules of medicinal importance from natural
origin with special reference to Forskolin, Taxol, Artemisinin,
Cannabinoids, Hypericin and Silymarin.
3
4
5
3
3
drugs and herbal products. Standardization of herbal drugs.
6.
WHO Guidelines for standardization of herbal drugs.
14,16
3
7.
Introduction to applications of various Chromatographic
1,2,5,7,
5
methods for separation and analysis of various classes of
12,14,16
phytoconstituents.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 214 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1.
Pharmacognosy and pharmacobiotechnology, Ashutosh Kar, New Age International (P) Ltd,
Publishers, 2nd edition 2007.
2.
Trease and Evan’s Pharmacognosy: W. C. Evans, W.B.Saunders Co., Singapore, 15th Edition
2008.
3.
Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, Vol. I and II, O. P. Agrawal, Goel Publishing House,
31st Edition, 2005.
4.
Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Part I and II, Vinod D. Rangari, Carrier Publications, 1st
Edition, Reprint, 2007.
5.
Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants, Volume I and II, A. K. Gupta, ICMR, 2003.
6.
Quality Control of Herbal Drugs: Mukherji P. K., Business Horizon Pharma. Publishers, 1st
Edition, 2002.
7.
Herbal drug technology, S. S. Agrawal and M. Paridhavi, Univeristies Press, 1st Edition, 2007.
8.
Organic Chemistry of Natural Products Volume I and II: Chatwal G., 7th Reprint 1998,
Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
9.
Organic Chemistry, Volume- 2, Steriochemistry and the chemistry of Natural Products: Finar
I.L., Fifth Edition, 1996, ELBS Publication.
10.
Medicinal Natural Products. A biosynthetic Approach: Dewick P., 2nd Edition, 2001, John
Willey and Sons.
11.
Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Products: Pandeya S. A, S G Publishers, 1st
Edition, 2007.
12.
Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Published by Indian Drugs Manufacturers’ Association,
Revised new Edition, 2002.
13.
Chemistry of Natural Products, S. V. Bhat et al., Narosa publications,Delhi, reprint 2008.
14.
Pharmacognosy: C.K.Kokate, A.P.Purohit, S.B.Gokhale, Nirali prakashan, Pune, 39th Edition,
2007.
15.
Method in Plant tissue culture by U. Kumar Agro botanica 1999. Bikaner India.
16.
Quality control methods for medicinal plant materials, W.H.O., Geneva, A.I.T.B.S. Publishers
and distributors, 1st Indian Edition, 2002.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 215 of 240
MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-IV (PH410)
(Theory & Practical)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of medicinal
chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study the synthetic approaches and
structure activity relationship of different therapeutic class of drugs.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of Medicinal chemistry
•
Students should be able to describe in detail synthetic approaches, mechanisms of
action as well as structure activity relationship of some important therapeutic class
of Drugs.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
design of important therapeutic agents and their biological implications.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher t o a student.
•
Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the course (Theory):
No.
Unit
1
2
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in
relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of
the drug (if any) including
• Introduction
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
• Structure activity relationship
• Therapeutic Uses
Combinatorial Chemistry
3
Introduction to recent advances in drug design
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Minimum No. of
Approx.
Contact hours.
Weightage %
35
78
06
12
04
10
45
100 %
Page 216 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
No.
Unit
1
The following classes of drugs will be discussed in relation to:
Introduction to the rational and recent development of the drug (if
any) including
• Introduction
• Chemical classification (if any)
• Chemical nomenclature
• Mechanism of action
• Synthesis of the agent mention in the bracket
1.1
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
•
Structure activity relationship
•
Therapeutic Uses
•
Sulphonamides and fluoroquinolones (sulphanilamide,
sulphacetamide,
sulphaguanidine,
sulphathiazole,
sulphadiazine,
sulphafurazole,
sulphamerizine,
Reference
1,2,3
22
1,2,3
13
1,2,3
sulphamethoxazole)
•
Antimalarials
(chloroquin,
primaquin,
amodiaquin,
mepacrin hydrochloride, pyrimethamine)
•
Antimycobacterials (Antileprotic & Antitubercle agents)
(isoneazid, para amino salicylic acid, pyrazinamide,
ethambutol, ethionamide, prothionamide, meprazinamide)
•
Antifungal agents (metronidazole, fluconazole)
•
Antiviral drugs including Anti-HIV drugs (amantadine)
•
Antineoplastic
agents
(methotrexate,
chlorambucil,
mustine, thio TEPA, cyclophospomide, 6-merceptopurine,
hydroxyl urea)
•
Immunosuppressive agents
•
Antiamoebic and Anthelmentic agents (piperazine, diethyl
carbamazine citrate, thiabendazole, pyrantel, niclosamide)
•
1.2
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Antibiotics: β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides,
polyene & polypeptide antibiotics, chloramphenicol. (ampicillin
carbenicillin, cephalexin, penicillin-V, chloramphenicol)
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 217 of 240
2
Combinatorial Chemistry: introduction, principle, importance of
new drug discovery, various synthetic approaches and library
Purification.
06
1,2,3
4,5,6,7
3
Introduction to recent advances in drug design: quantitative
structure pharmacokinetic relationship (QSPR), bioinformatics,
genomic & proteomics
04
1,2,3
4,5,6,7
Detailed Syllabus (Practical):
Topic No.
1
2
Aim of the Practical
Referen
ces
Organic spotting of binary mixtures of solid + solid ,solid + liquid and liquid +
liquid type of mixtures along with identification of the type of mixture, chemical
separation, identification of the individual components, establishment of the
identity of the separated components with the help of derivative preparation and
TLC.(Minimum 7)
1. Synthesis of 5,5 diphenyl hydantoin from benzil and urea.
8,9,10,11
8,9,10,11
2. Synthesis of sulphanilamide from acetanilide.
8,9,10,11
3. Synthesis of Aspirin from acetyl salicylic acid by Microwave synthesis
approach
4. Synthesis of paracetamol from p-aminophenol
8,9,10,11
8,9,10,11
5. Synthesis of Magnasone-II from p-nitro aniline and a-naphthol
8,9,10,11
Recommended Study Material:
1. Wilson and Giswold's Textbook of Organic, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical
Chemistry,J. N. Delagado and W. A. R. Remers, Eds, J. Lipponcott Co. Philadephia.
2. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry by W. C. Foye,, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
3. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry, H. E. Wolff, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
4. Strategies for Organic Drug Synthesis & Design by Daniel Lednicer, John Wiley &
sons, USA.
5. Smith & William’s Introduction to the Principle of Drug Design and Action, 4th
Edition, H. John Smith, Eds,CRS Press-Taylor & Francis Group, USA.
6. Text book of Drug Design & Discovery, 3rd Edition, Povl Krogsgaard-Larsan, Tommy
Liljefors & ULF Madsen, Eds, Taylor & Francis Group, USA.
7. Walter Sneader’s Drug Discovery-A History, John Willy & Sons, Ltd. UK
8. Vogel’s Text book of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS/ Longman, London.
9. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann & Saunder,, Orient Longman, London.
10. Spectormetric identification of Organic compounds by R. M. Silverstein, G. Claytron
Bassel's and T. C. Movvill, John Wiley & Sons, USA.
11. Practical Organic Chemistry by Hitesh Raval, Sunil Baldania and Dimal Shah, First
Edition, Nirav & Rupal Prakashan.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 218 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS - IV (PH411)
(Theory)
Credits: 3 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 3 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the principles of instrumental
Analytical chemistry as applied to pharmaceuticals and to study the qualitative and
quantitative estimation of active constituents into a different pharmaceutical dosage
forms
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
By the end of this course, the student should have a good understanding of the basic
concepts of instrumental Analytical chemistry
•
Students should be able to describe in detail different instrumental spectroscopy as
well as basic concept of qualitative and quantitative estimation.
•
The course may help the students in understanding rational approaches towards the
different chromatography techniques for separation of active constituents.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
Using blackboard and one-way communication from a teacher to a student.
• Using an overhead and LCD projector
Outline of the Course (Theory):
No.
Unit
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
15
Approx.
weightage
%
1
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
2
Molecular Mass Spectroscopy
10
22
3
Atomic Absorption and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
07
16
4
X – Ray Crystallography
10
22
5
Super critical fluid chromatography
003
45
08
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
32
100%
Page 219 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
No.
1
Unit
Nuclear
Magnetic
Resonance Spectroscopy:
introduction,
Minimum
No. of
Contact
Hours
15
References
1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9
10
1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9
07
1,3,6,7
10
1,2,4
03
1,2,9
magnetic properties of nuclei, origin of NMR spectrum,
environmental effects on NMR spectra, NMR spectrometers –
instrumentation and sample handling, applications of proton
NMR, brief introduction to application of NMR to other nuclei(C13
NMR) and recent advancements like(DEPT, HETCOR, NOE and
COSY).
2
Molecular Mass Spectroscopy
introduction,
spectrometers
origin
–
of
mass
spectra, ion sources, mass
instrumentation,
applications
and
recent
advancement.
3
Atomic Absorption and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy:
introduction, origin of atomic absorption & atomic emission
spectra, instrumentation, qualitative and quantitative application
of flame photometry and recent advancement.
4
X – Ray Crystallography
introduction, X-ray absorption and X-ray diffraction methods,
instrumentation for relevant instruments, applications and recent
advancement.
5
Super critical fluid chromatography:
introduction, supercritical fluids, instrumentation, supercritical
mobile phase and application and recent advancement.
Recommended study materials:
1. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, Hollar and Nieman, Saunders college
Publishers, Philadelphia.
2. Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds. R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler,
T.C. Morrill Pub: John Wiley and Sons, NY.
3. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, Willard, Merritt, Dean and Settle, CBS publishers
and Distributers, Delhi.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 220 of 240
4. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, 3rd ed, G. W. Ewing, McGraw Hill Book
Co, NY-1969.
5. Organic Spectroscopy, W. Kemp, 3rd ed, NY, 1991.
6. Applications of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic compounds J. R. Dyer, Prentice
Hall, London
7. Introduction of Instrumental Analysis, Robert Braun, McGraw-Hill: New York
8. Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, P S Kalsi, New Age International Publishers.
9. Mass Spectroscopy, Jurgen H. Gross, Springer Verlag, New York.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 221 of 240
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY - II (PH412)
(Theory & Practical)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
: 1.5 (Practical)
: 3 (Practical)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with the formulation,
manufacturing and quality related issues of different sterile dosage forms, Aerosol
products, liquid oral dosage forms and cosmetics.
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have an understanding of the preparation of
Parenteral products and their evaluation.
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of course:
No.
Unit
Minimum No. of
Weightage %
Contact Hours
Approx.
Sterile Dosage Forms
8
27
2. Pharmaceutical Aerosols
7
23
3. Cosmetology and Cosmetic preparation
5
17
4. Liquid Dosage Forms
8
27
5. Pilot Plant Scale up: An overview
2
06
30
100
1.
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 222 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Theory):
Sr.
Unit Details
No
1
Reference
Numbers
of Hours
Sterile Dosage Forms:
a) Design and requirements for sterile products
manufacturing facility:
i) Environmental controls: quality of air, HEPA filters
and
laminar
flow,
class
100,1000,10000
area,
monitoring of Areas
ii) Requirements of Aseptic Area
b) Flow plan for manufacturing of sterile products by
terminal sterilization process
c) Flow plan for manufacturing of sterile products by
Aseptic Process
d) Introduction to form fill seal (FFS) technology.
e) Sterile Products for Injection:
i.
Large volume parenterals (LVP)
ii.
Small Volime parenterals (SVP)
iii.
Sterile Suspension
iv.
Sterile emulsion
v.
Sterile dry powders
vi.
Sterile solutions
vii.
Containers & closures for sterile products
viii.
Evaluation of sterile products
f)
Sterile
products
for
ophthalmic
1,2,3,4
Application:
Introduction,
Ophthalmic Products: classification, formulation and
preparation of eye drops, ophthalmic suspension, eye
lotion, ophthalmic ointments, contact lens solutions. Solid
inserts for ocular drug delivery (erodable & non erodable),
advancement in ophthalmic delivery system including intra
ocular dosage forms; containers and closures.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 223 of 240
8
2 Pharmaceutical
Aerosols:
Definition,
Advantages,
disadvantages, Design of Aerosol: liquefied gas system,
compressed gas system, barrier packs, components of aerosol,
propellants: properties, classification, container for aerosol,
valve assembly and components of valve, manufacturing: cold
1,2,5,6
7
10,11,12
5
1,3,7,8,9,13
8
1
2
and pressure filling technique, Quality control tests, stability,
physicochemical & biological evaluation. Dry powder and
meter dose valve, meter dose inhaler
3 Cosmetology and Cosmetic preparation: Fundamentals of
cosmetic science, structure and function of skin and hair.
Formulation, preparation and packaging of products such as
Nail Preparation, Dental Products, Lipstick, Skin care products,
Shampoo, shaving cream
4 Liquid Dosage Forms:
Solution: methods of enhancing solubility, vehicles,
A.
formulation
components:
additives
(solubilizers,
antioxidants, sweeteners, preservatives, colors, flavors.
Manufacturing and filling methods, evaluation of liquids:
color, odor, taste, clarity testing.
B.
Suspension: definition, ideal requirements, formulation
(Vehicle, suspending agents, antioxidants, preservatives,
flocculating and deflocculating agents, wetting agents),
approaches to formulation, manufacturing: equipments and
process, flow sheets. Evaluation of suspension: zeta
potential, particle size, density, rheological characteristics,
organoleptic characteristics.
C. Emulsion: Definition, emulsion types, formulation:
choice of aqueous phase and oil phase, choice of emulsifiers,
other additives (antioxidants, preservatives, colors, flavors,
sweeteners), manufacturing: equipments and process, flow
sheets. Evaluation: types of emulsion, stability evaluation.
5
Pilot Plant Scale up: An overview
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 224 of 240
Detailed syllabus (Practicals):
Sr no
Aim of Practical
A. Demonstration of ampoules filling and sealing machine
1.
B. Preparation of emulsion by different methods
A. Preparation and evaluation Dextrose Injection.
2.
B. Demonstration of Bottle Sealing Machine.
A. Preparation and evaluation Ascorbic acid Injection.
3.
B. Preparation and evaluation of paracetamol suspension.
4.
Preparation and evaluation Calcium Gluconate Injection.
5.
Preparation and evaluation Caffeine citrate injection.
6.
Preparation and evaluation diclofenac sodium injection
7.
Preparation of emulsion and to evaluate different parameters of quality of emulsion
8.
Preparation of
A. Vanishing Cream
B. Clear Shampoo
C. Cream Shampoo
Preparation of
9.
A. Face Powder
B. Lather Shaving Cream
C. Foam Shaving Cream
Preparation of
10.
A. Lipstick
B. Nail Polish
C. Nail Polish Remover
Preparation of
11.
A. Tooth Powder
B. Tooth Paste
12. A
To Prepare emulsion and find out the type of emulsion by measuring different
evaluation parameter.
B
13
Preparation of eye drops & eye ointment
Preparation of
A. Cleansing Cream
B. Cleansing Lotion
C. Cold Cream
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 225 of 240
Recommended study materials:
1. The Theory & Practice of industrial pharmacy, Leon Lachman, Lea & Febiger, Varghese
Publication House Bombay.
2. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences , Edited by A. R. Gennaro, Mack Publishing Co,
3. Modern Pharmaceutics, Edited by G. S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes, Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
4. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: Parenteral, Vol.: 1, 2, 3, Leon, Lachman, K. E. Avis, Marcel
Dekker inc. N.Y.
5. Pharmaceutics: The science of dosage form design, Edited by M.E. Aulton. Churchill
Livingstone, New York.
6. Ansel’s Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivry system, H.C.
Ansel, N.G. Popovich, Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Philadelphia.
7. Indian Pharmacopoeia, 2007 , published by Indian Pharmacopoeial commission,
Ghaziabad
8. United State Pharmacopoeia, 2004, Indian edition, United State Pharmacopoeial
convention INC.
9. British Pharmacopoeia 2004, British Pharmacopoeia commission office, U.K.
10. Cosmetic- Formulation, Manufacturing and Quality control, P. P. Sharma, Vandana
Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
11. Cosmetic Science and technology, Vol-1-3, M. S. Blsam, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
12. Poucher’s Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps, Edited by Hilda Butler, Springer, U.K.
13. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: Disperse systems, Vol.: 1, 2, 3, H.A. Lieberman, G. S. Banker
, Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 226 of 240
NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (PH413)
(Theory)
Credits: 2 (Theory)
Contact Hours per week: 2 (Theory)
Objective of the course:
•
The course is designed to make students familiar with various novel & advanced drug
delivery systems to overcome the problems of conventional delivery systems
Students learning outcomes/objectives:
•
The course will help the student to have a good understanding of fundamentals of
controlled drug delivery systems & their various types in detail
•
Students should be able to learn about targeted drug delivery systems & its
significance
Instructional methods and pedagogy:
•
The faculty shall explain the lectures using black board, Over Head Projector or
Multimedia projector.
Outline of course:
Unit
No.
Minimum No. of Contact
Weight age
Hours Approx.
%
1
Controlled drug delivery system
6
20
2
Oral controlled drug delivery system
6
20
3
Vesicular & Particulate Delivery
5
17
systems
4
Transdermal drug delivery systems
5
17
5
Immediate release delivery systems:
4
13
4
13
30
100%
An overview
6
Drug targeting
Total
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 227 of 240
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Sr
Unit Details
no
1
Reference
No. of
Books
Hours
4,6,7,8
6
3,6,7,8,10
6
5,9
5
2,3,6,7
5
2,10
4
5, 6,9,
4
Controlled drug delivery system: Fundamentals of modified/controlled
drug delivery systems: Fundamentals, rational of modified release drug
delivery, classification, factors influencing the design of controlled release
dosage form including physicochemical factors.
2
Oral controlled drug delivery system: Classification, Design and
development of oral controlled release dosage forms: Matrix, hydrogels, ion
exchange, osmotic pressure controlled, gastro retentive delivery system
3
Vesicular & Particulate Delivery systems: Liposomes, niosomes,
microparticles & nanoparticles
4
Transdermal drug delivery systems: Various approaches, Formulation
using various technologies, Iontophorosis, Sonophorosis, Micro needle
array
5
Immediate release delivery systems: An overview
6
Drug targeting: Need for drug targeting, Active & Passive targeting,
various approaches for targeted drug delivery including ADEPT,
Monoclonal Antibodies, Redox Mechanism, Nanoparticles, Liposomes
etc.)
Recommended Study Materials:
1. Modern Pharmaceutics, Edited by G. S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes, Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
2. Pharmaceutics: The science of dosage form design, Edited by M.E. Aulton. Churchill
Livingstone, New York.
3. Ansel’s Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivery system, H.C.
Ansel, N.G. Popovich, Lippincott Williams and wilkins, Philadelphia.
4.
The Theory & Practice of industrial pharmacy, Leon Lachman, Lea & Febiger, Varghese
Publication House Bombay.
5. Progress in Controlled & Novel Drug Delivery System, N.K.Jain , CBS Publication, New
Delhi
6. Novel drug delivery systems Fundamentals & Developmental concepts by Y.W.Chien,
Marcel Dekker Inc.
7. Controlled drug Delivery, Fundamentals & application by J.R. Robinson & Univent Lee,
Marcel Dekker Inc.
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 228 of 240
8. Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, D. M. Brahmankar & S. B. Jayswal, Vallabh
Prakashan, New Delhi
9. Targeted & controlled drug delivery, S.P.Vyas, R.K. Khar, CBS Publisher, India
10. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, edited by James Swarbrik, James Braylan,
Vol-1, 2,3, Marcel Dekker inc. N.Y.
Note: It is preferable to refer latest addition of all above mentioned books
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 229 of 240
Elective II
(PHARMACEUTICAL INSTRUMENTATION & TECHNOLOGY-II) (PH414.01)
Credits: 1.5
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with different instruments used in pharmaceutical industry for
drug analysis
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
•
Learn the theoretical aspects of the different instruments used in analysis of drugs
and dosage forms
•
Prepare comparative data sheet for technical evaluation of pharmaceutical
instruments for the purpose of purchase
Detailed syllabus:
Study of design, working, applications of following instruments used in pharmaceutical
analysis
•
High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
•
High performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
•
Gel electrophoresis
• BIOPAC system (Data Acquisition System)
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Every week, a three hour slot to be allocated for the course.
During this three hour slot, first hour may be allocated for theoretical principles
while rest of two hours shall be allocated to practicals to be performed
A group of 4-5 students may handle a single instrument per practical
Projects can be based on
o Practicals related to analysis of drugs/API/Dosage Forms using above
mentioned instrument
o Practicals related to documentation, SOP Preparations, Purchase related
technical evaluation, Pharmacopoeial Assay
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 230 of 240
o Preparing a Review Document and Presentation based on recent advances
and/or novel applications for a particular instrument.
The faculty shall explain
1. Using black board, notes, etc
2. By conducting practicals and projects
3. Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector, etc
Evaluation Scheme & Guidelines:
The evaluation shall comprise of total 100 marks, 80 marks university level evaluation
and 20 marks institute level evaluation
Institute will announce the schedule of examination in consultation with university
(same as practical exams)
Institute evaluation of 20 marks will comprise of journals, attendance, mid-term
project report, presentations, practical performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva,
synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
University evaluation of 80 marks will comprise of projects, presentations, practical
performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva, synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
Recommended Books/Journals/Websites:
1. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, Willard, H.H., Merrit, L.L., Dean, J.A., Settle P.A.,
Van Nostrand.
2. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, D.A., Heller, F.J., Nieman, T.A., WB
Saunders,2003
3. HPTLC: Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations, Sethi, P.D., CBS
Publishers, Delhi.
4. Gel electrophoresis of proteins: a practical approach, B. D Hames, Oxford university
press
5. Shimadzu 2010 LC operational manual
(http://www.ssi.shimadzu.com/products/literature/HPLC/C196-E056G.pdf)
6. Camag HPTLC operational manual (http://www.camag.com)
7. A practical handbook on Preparative HPLC, D Wellings, Elsevier
8. Thin layer chromatography: A modern practical approach. UK: The royal society of
chemistry; Peter EW, 2005.
9. http://www.biopac.com
© CHARUSAT 2012
Page 231 of 240
Elective II
(PHARMACEUTICAL DOCUMENTATION-II) (PH414.02)
Credits: 1.5
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with different documentation practice followed in pharmaceutical
industry.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
o Learn preparations of various documents involved in pharmaceutical industry having
application in clinical research, regulatory affairs, and scientific writing.
Detailed syllabus:
List of Practicals:
To study and understand components of clinical research protocols
To prepare sample Preclinical study reports, expert reports, and summaries
To prepare package inserts for
o Any one dosage form (Example - Ophthalmic preparation – Eye Drop)
o Medical Device (example Metered-Dose Inhaler)
To prepare evidence based medicine reports in different clinical decision making queries
using Literature and Internet resources (eg Probiotics in treatment of Irritable bowel
Syndrome)
To study sample dossier for getting approval of solid dosage form (national and/or
international)
To understand basics of writing scientific article and to write a review article in group of
4-5 on any selected topic and manuscript submission
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Every week, a three hour slot to be allocated for the course.
During this three hour slot, first hour may be allocated for theory while rest of two
hours shall be allocated to practicals to be performed
The faculty shall explain
1. Using black board, notes, government documents
2. By conducting practicals and projects
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3. Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Evaluation Scheme & Guidelines:
The evaluation shall comprise of total 100 marks, 80 marks university level evaluation
and 20 marks institute level evaluation
Institute will announce the schedule of examination in consultation with university
(same as practical exams)
Institute evaluation of 20 marks will comprise of journals, attendance, mid-term
project report, presentations, practical performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva,
synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
University evaluation of 80 marks will comprise of projects, presentations, practical
performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva, synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
Recommended Books/Journals/Websites:
1. Pharmacoepidemiology, Brian L. Strom,Publisher: Wiley; 4 edition,2005
2. Essentials of Pharmacoeconomics, Karen Rascati, Publisher: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins; 1 edition,2008
3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
4. Principles and Practice of Clinical Research by John I. Gallin, Frederick P. Ognibene
5. http://www.cebm.net/
6. www.fda.gov
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Elective II
PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETING-II (PH414.03)
Credits: 1.5
Contact Hours per week: 3
Objective of the Course:
To make students familiar with marketing practices followed in pharmaceutical industry.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
The students are expected to
o Learn the skills of marketing to promote the sale of drug products and pharmaceuticals.
Detailed syllabus:
Sr.
Topic
No
1
Pharmaceutical Marketing Channels & Logistics & Promotion Management
Basics of distribution in Indian Pharmaceutical market
Pharmaceutical Distribution Channels
Designing and managing Marketing channels
Managing retailers, Distributors, C&F logistics
Designing and managing Integrated Marketing Communication for OTC
and Rx based products
2
International Marketing
Introduction to International Trade & Marketing
Role of regional economic interaction
Immerging markets and method of entry
Pharmaceutical Import / Export
Export documentation and Govt. policies
Export Finance, Shipping and Packaging
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
Every week, a three hour slot to be allocated for the course.
During this three hour slot, first hour may be allocated for theory while rest of two
hours shall be allocated to practicals/projects to be performed
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The practical comprises of preparing marketing plan for domestic/international sales,
case-analysis, field work, presentations, etc.
The faculty shall explain
1. Using black board, notes
2. By conducting practicals and projects
3. Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Evaluation Scheme & Guidelines:
The evaluation shall comprise of total 100 marks, 80 marks university level evaluation
and 20 marks institute level evaluation
Institute will announce the schedule of examination in consultation with university
(same as practical exams)
Institute evaluation of 20 marks will comprise of journals, attendance, mid-term
project report, presentations, practical performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva,
synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
University evaluation of 80 marks will comprise of projects, presentations, practical
performances, quizzes, case-analysis, viva, synopsis, and/or descriptive questions.
Recommended Books/Journals/Websites:
1. Marketing Strategies by Saxena Rajan, Tata-McGraw Hill, latest edition
2. The Generic Challenge: Understanding Patents, FDA and Pharmaceutical Life-Cycle
Management (third edition) by Martin A. Voet
3. Pharmaceutical Marketing: Principles, Environment, and Practice by Eugene Mick
Kolassa, James Greg Perkins, Bruce R Siecker
4. The Strategic Pricing of Pharmaceuticals by E.M. (Mick) Kolassa
5. Strategic Pharmaceutical Marketing: A Practical Guide by Sanjay Pajpai
6. Global Pharmaceuticals: Ethics, Markets, Practices by Adriana Petryna, Andrew Lakoff,
Arthur Kleinman
7. Forecasting for the Pharmaceutical Industry: Models for New Product And In-market
Forecasting And How to Use Them by Arthur G. Cook
8. Excel Sales Forecasting For Dummies(r) by Conrad Carlberg
9. Pharmaceutical Sales Revolution by Scott Moldenhauer (Author)
10. MSDR: Medical Sales Desk Reference: Increase Your Sales and Commissions then Fast
Track your Career as a Modern Medical or Pharmaceutical Sales Executive by Ryan Gray
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11. Merrill Goozner: The $800 million pill. University of California Press, Berkeley 2004
12. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing
13. Journal of Medical Marketing
14. Journal of the Indian Medical association (JIMA).
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ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR PHARMA PROFESSIONALS (MB 402)
(Theory, Practical and Project)
Credit :6
3.0 (Theory)
1.5 (Practical)
1.5 (Project)
Contact Hours per week: 9
3.0 (Theory)
3.0 (Practical)
3.0 (Project)
Objective of the Course:
The purpose of this course is to prepare a ground where the students view entrepreneurship
as a desirable and feasible career option. In particular the course seeks to build the necessary
competencies and motivation for a career in entrepreneurship.
Student Learning Outcomes / Objectives:
After studying this course, the students would be competent to build on personal as
well as external resources with a view to effectively launch and later on manage their
enterprise.
They would have not only an idea as to which support/developmental agency to look
up to and for what purpose, but also the necessary know-how for accessing their
help.
They would have basic skills in operations, finance, marketing and human resource
management.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The faculty shall explain
using black board, notes, manuals
Using Over Head Projector, Multimedia projector.
Field Work
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Outline of the Course: (Theory)
Minimum
No. of
No. Unit
contact
Approx.
Weightage
hours
Entrepreneur-Entrepreneurship-Enterprise-
1.
Intrapreneurship
%
9
20
2.
Opportunity scouting and idea generation
9
20
3.
Entrepreneurial Challenges in small business
9
20
4.
Governments Role in Growth of MSMEs & SMEs
6
13.3
5
Enterprise Scale Up, Growth & Harvesting
6
13.3
6
13.4
45
100
Case studies on successful and unsuccessful
6
entrepreneurs and ventures
Total
Detailed Syllabus (Theory):
Minimum
No.
No. of
Unit
Contact
Hours
Entrepreneur-Entrepreneurship-Enterprise- Intrapreneurship:
•
Conceptual issues.
•
Entrepreneurship vs. Management.
•
Role of entrepreneurs in relation to the enterprise and in relation to
the economy.
1.
•
Entrepreneurship as an interactive process between the individual
9
and the environment.
2.
•
Small business as the seedbed of entrepreneurship.
•
Entrepreneurial competencies.
•
Entrepreneurial motivation, performance and rewards.
•
Scope and Need of NGO’s in Pharmaceuticals
Opportunity scouting and idea generation:
•
9
Role of creativity & innovation and
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business research.
•
Sources of business ideas.
•
Concept of Technopreneur – Technology based Enterprise (products
protected by patent taken up for commercialization)
•
Entrepreneurial opportunities in contemporary business
environment, for example opportunities in pharmaceuticals
•
The process of setting up a small business.
•
Business Plan- contents, importance, pre-requisites for an effective
business plan.
Entrepreneurial Challenges in small business
•
Sources of venture capital, fixed capital,
working capital and a basic awareness of financial services such as
3.
venture capital, private equity, leasing and factoring.
•
The concept and application of product life cycle, advertising &
9
publicity, sales & distribution management.
•
HR challenges- Availability of talent, retention, compensation, etc.
•
Legal and Government Challenges.
Governments Role in Growth of MSMEs & SMEs
Schemes from Central Governments, State Governments and Facilitating
institutions in the sectors of
4.
•
Chemicals
•
Healthcare
•
Pharmaceuticals
6
Enterprise Scale Up, Growth & Harvesting
A) Methods and Ways to take the small enterprise to large scale
Organizations.
B) Funding Options:
5
•
Bank Loans/Other Private Funding
•
Listing on stock exchanges
•
Partnership & Alliances – Global Companies
•
Other Alternatives
6
C) Harvesting the correct potential of Enterprise.
6
Case studies on successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs and ventures
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6
Detailed Syllabus (Practical) and Evaluation Guidelines
Practicals would be based on case-studies analysis. During the semester, 12-15 casestudies will be discussed and analyzed. All case-studies discussed during the
semester have to be documented in report form.
The internal evaluation would be based on the attendance, journal, case-analysis and
viva voice
The external Evaluation exam will comprise of analysis of case-study/case-studies
and viva voice.
Detailed Syllabus (Project) and Evaluation Guidelines: Business Plan
The project will include preparation of a business plan. It will be a group project
among 3-4 students.
For every group of students, one faculty member may serve as a project guide.
The internal evaluation will be conducted as a mid-term presentation, report
submission and viva-voice of partial developed business plan.
The external evaluation would be based on final business plan prepared, presentation
and viva voice.
Recommended Books/Journals/Website:
1.
Brandt, Steven C., The 10 Commandments for Building a Growth Company, Third Edition,
Macmillan Business Books, Delhi, 1977
2. Dollinger, Mare J., Entrepreneurship: Strategies and Resources, Illinois, Irwin, 1955.
3. Entrepreneurial Business Law Journal
4. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
5. Holt, David H., Entrepreneurship: New Venture Creation, Prentice-Hall of India, latest
Edition.
6. http://msmestartupkit.com
7. http://www.dcmsme.gov.in
8. Journal of Business Venturing
9. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship
10. Journal of International Entrepreneurship
11. Journal of Small Business Management
12. Journal: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development.
13. Kazmi, Azhar, “What Young Entrepreneurs Think and Do: A Study of Second Generation
Business Entrepreneurs,” The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8, No. 1, 1999, pp. 67-78.
14. Small Business Economics
15. Vesper, KarlsH, New Venture Strategies, (Revised Edition), New Jersey, Prentice- Hall, 1990.
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