1. law, govt and politics
2. legal issues
3. human rights

Centre for
Policy
Dialogue
Bangladesh
January-March 2015
Vol XIV Issue 1
Quarterly
the editor's desk
A major activity in the
first quarter was preparing
the first reading of “State of the
Bangladesh Economy in FY2015”
under CPD’s flagship programme
Independent Review of Bangladesh’s
Development (IRBD). The report assessed
performance of several key economic sectors of
Bangladesh and examined the quality of
macroeconomic management in the first half of the
ongoing FY2015.
An important public event, co-hosted by CPD with
the Prothom Alo, was the special public lecture
delivered by Nobel Laureate economist Amartya
Sen. In his lecture Professor Sen stressed the
importance of investing in health and education as
key areas of policy intervention where the state
ought to be the driving force. Responding to
questions from the largely attended audience,
Professor Sen underscored the need for raising
efficiency of investment in social sectors.
In view of the growing importance of local-level
planning, CPD organised a pre-budget dialogue in
Tangail, which focused on the district budget
component of the national budget. This was a
departure from CPD’s traditional post-budget
dialogues that are organised outside of Dhaka.
CPD researchers exchanged views with a
wide-spectrum of local stakeholders including
political leaders and civil society activists, business
leaders and NGO workers. The participants
stressed that such budgets should be designed with
active participation of local communities to reflect
local concerns and demands.
This quarter saw active engagement of CPD
researchers in events centring the post-2015
development agenda. Senior researchers visited a
number of international organisations including the
UN, OECD and the Commonwealth where they
highlighted concerns of developing countries
regarding various aspects of the SDGs.
Ahead of the Independence Day on 26 March, an
English daily republished Professor Rehman
Sobhan’s account of the eventful days of March
1971 which are now part of Bangladesh’s glorious
struggle for independence. The series was first
published in the Forum Magazine in March 1971.
As a recipient of the prestigious Fulbright
Fellowship, CPD Research Director Dr Fahmida
Khatun went to the USA to undertake research at the
Earth Institute, Columbia University, set up by
renowned economist Professor Jeffrey Sachs.
(from right) Amartya Sen addresses the audience with Matiur Rahman, Rehman Sobhan and Mustafizur Rahman
Public Lecture on Economic Growth and Human Progress
Economic development and human progress should be
mutually complementary: Amartya Sen
Sustainable development calls for integrating
economic growth with progress in human
development, said Dr Amartya Sen.
The Nobel Laureate was addressing a public
lecture on “Economic Growth and Human
Progress,” organised by CPD and Prothom Alo at
Krishibid Institute, Dhaka on 23 February 2015.
A Harvard Professor of Economics and
Philosophy, Dr Sen addressed a huge audience
preceding the launch of the Bangla translation
fviZ: Dbœqb I eÂbv from his book An Uncertain
Glory: India and Its Contradictions. The Bengali
translation of the book, co-authored by
Belgium-born Indian economist Jean Drèze,
was published by Ananda Publishers, Kolkata.
In his talk, Dr Sen observed that despite
increased economic
growth and almost
double per capita
income, India was yet
to improve in social
development
and
w
o
m
e
n
empowerment
in
comparison
to
Bangladesh.
He referred to Bangladesh’s achievement in a
number of social indicators including gender
equity, life expectancy, mortality rate, women
empowerment and vaccination.
He explained how lack of adequate
healthcare continued to hamper public health
and average lifespan in South Asia, especially
in India.
Although the private sector enabled
Bangladesh in improving healthcare after 1971,
no country could ultimately improve healthcare
facilities without government intervention,
argued Dr Sen.
On politics, he said that discussion and
debate in democracies are essential to
overcome limitations that exist in all political
settings. Advising the media, he said that
journalists should equally emphasise political,
economic and social issues as well as human
and development issues that go undermined,
such as child trafficking amongst the poorer
segment of the society.
In his book, Dr Sen primarily explored the
interrelationships and differences between
economic growth and human progress in the
Indian context. Drawing upon Adam Smith, he
mentioned that increasing wealth corresponds
to better livelihood and
better
public
expenditure, both of
which are undermined
in India despite its
economic progress.
The
Indian
subcontinent
experienced
a
meagre
economic
growth of 0.01 per cent during the 1900 and
1947, which became 3 per cent after its
independence. Despite significant growth in
the subsequent period, life expectancy – an
indicator of human development – did not
increase as expected.
CPD Chairman Professor Rehman Sobhan
chaired the lecture, with introductory notes from
Mr Matiur Rahman, Editor and Publisher,
Prothom Alo and CPD Executive Director
Professor Mustafizur Rahman.
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)

A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
State of the Bangladesh Economy in Fiscal Year 2015 (First Reading)
Private investment lacks momentum despite relative macroeconomic stability
Favourable politics and reforms
CPD Distinguished Fellow Dr
in public institutions are needs of
Debapriya Bhattacharya said that
the moment to stimulate private
Bangladesh’s
economy
has
investment and consequently
turned into a ‘new normal’ for
boost economic growth beyond
constant six per cent stagnated
the stalled six per cent.
growth, also dubbed the ‘Bangla
Lack of additional private
rate of growth’.
investment
for
accelerating
He reiterated that conducive
growth remained a major obstacle
political environment is key to
to Bangladesh’s long-term vision
boosting
the
investor’s
of development, according to the
confidence and encourage new
CPD flagship report “State of the
investors, including the returning
Bangladesh Economy in Fiscal
migrant workers and new
Year 2015 (First Reading).”
workforce comprised of 20 lakh
(front left) Towfiqul Islam Khan, Debapriya Bhattacharya, Mustafizur Rahman and
While briefing the media on 3
people every year.
Khondaker Golam Moazzem with junior researchers (back)
January 2015, CPD Executive
The
government
should
Director Professor Mustafizur Rahman noted that the positive macroeconomic
facilitate infrastructure development, human resource development and
trends in the early months of FY2015 were characterised by improved foreign
conducive interest rate for entrepreneurs to achieve a ‘super Bangla’ growth rate
exchange reserve, remittance, subsidy requirements and exchange rate.
beyond six per cent, he added.
However, a CPD perception survey conducted among entrepreneurs found
Pointing at insufficient revenue mobilisation in early FY2015, the IRBD
that 60 per cent of them made investments during FY2015 but production
analysis called for revising revenue collection targets as CPD researchers
growth was not impressive while employment at 80 per cent enterprises
suspected that a probable deficit of Tk. 25 thousand crore might undermine
remained at the same level.
intended revenue collection.
Investment barriers such as inadequate infrastructure, power and
Quoting Global Financial Integrity (GFI), Dr Bhattacharya noted that around
communication, coupled with lack of reform measures have held back private
USD 1.8 billion had been siphoned off in 2012, which was more than the aid
investment, found the IRBD analysis.
received by Bangladesh.
CPD researchers maintained that despite the supportive role of banking
In this regard, Professor Rahman particularly flagged that sudden surge in
sector and capital market in investment financing, the banking sector was
import of machineries did not correspond with recent investment trends on the
struggling with non-performing loans and poor management. Recapitalising the
ground. Whether it was indicative of capital flight as suspected by the IRBD
state banks with taxpayers’ money despite their financial malpractices was a
analysis needed investigation, he cautioned.
questionable measure that did not carry a good sign for the economy and the
Professor Rahman also felt that the Board of Investment and Bangladesh
banking sector, noted Professor Rahman.
Bank should investigate the large remittance outflows to India as Bangladesh
The CPD analysis favoured maintaining stable prices of electricity and gas
happened to be its the fifth largest remittance source, with around USD 3.7
and low cost of production to increase private investment.
billion sent in 2013.
12th Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar (BCIM) Forum
Platform to continue facilitating the Joint Study Group
(left) Kishore Kumer Basak, Anisatul Fatema Yousuf, Myanmar Deputy Foreign Minister U
Thant Kyaw, Abdul Motaleb Sarker and Khaleda Akhter
Member countries at 12th BCIM Forum agreed to continue in its present
capacity as a multi-track platform to establish close coordination with the Joint
Study Group (JSG) of the BCIM Economic Corridor (BCIM-EC).
The Forum, under the theme “Cooperation for the Development of the
BCIM,” also recognised the need to accelerate trade and transport facilitation
measures in the region including streamlining of border crossing procedures,
removing non-tariff measures and strengthening relevant organisations.
Hosted by the Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, the
event took place during 9-11 February 2015 in Yangon, Myanmar where
participants from Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar assembled for
thematic discussions on Poverty Alleviation through Development
Programmes, Enhancing links for the Economic Corridor, and People to
People Cooperation in the BCIM region.
Heads of the delegation of the four participating countries signed joint
statement highlighting the salient features of the discussion.
As part of the Bangladesh
delegation
three
CPD
officials – Ms Anisatul
Fatema Yousuf, Director,
Dialogue & Communication;
Senior Research Associates
Ms Khaleda Akhter and Mr
The opening ceremony
Kishore
Kumer
Basak
attended the forum with Mr Abdul Motaleb Sarker, Director General, Ministry
of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) as the team leader.
Meetings
H E Sophie Aubert, Ambassador of France in Bangladesh
met CPD senior officials on 11 January 2015
Save the Children Country Director Michael Mcgrath,
Director of Program Development & Quality Sharon
Hauser and Director of Child Right & Governance Hagar
Russ visited on 8 February 2015
CPD Quarterly
2
January - March 2015
Officials from the Shanghai Institute for International
Studies visited on 10 January 2015
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)

A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
Activities related to Post-2015 Development Agenda
In briefing with Development Partners
Implementation challenges of post-2015 global agenda
In a meeting with diplomats and
By positioning the discussion in the
development partners, Dr Debapriya
context of post-2015 processes, Dr
Bhattacharya, Chair of Southern Voice
Bhattacharya assessed the evolving
on Post-MDGs, presented a southern
agenda by analysing the Open
perspective
on
implementation
Working Group (OWG) outcome
challenges of the post-2015 agenda.
document. He mentioned challenges
Ambassadors, Heads of Missions
of data issues such as availability,
and senior officials from Denmark,
accountability and usability at
France,
Germany,
India,
The
country-level and beyond, and lack of
Netherlands, Norway, Russia, USA,
appropriate policy and institutional
and senior officials from agencies
infrastructure.
Political will is a key to implement the post-2015 development framework,
according to Debapriya Bhattacharya
including ADB, DFID, European Union
He underscored that implementing
Delegation, ILO, UNDP, UNFPA, UN Women, The World Bank convened to share
the agenda efficiently also hinges on resolving the systemic issues, namely
their observations on the presentation “Post-2015 Agenda and Implementation
policy and institutional coherence, multi-stakeholder partnerships, and data,
Challenges: A View from the South,” in Dhaka, on 4 February 2015.
monitoring and accountability.
First intergovernmental negotiations on SDGs
Credible plan and political leadership critical for transformative post-2015 agenda
Speaking at the UN, Dr Debapriya Bhattacharya urged for incorporation of
aspirations of transformative changes, a credible work plan, and strong
expression of political will in the upcoming international development agenda.
Being invited by the President of the UN General Assembly, Dr Bhattacharya
was addressing the first session of inter-governmental negotiations on
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in New York on 20 January 2015.
The session was co-chaired by co-facilitators of the negotiations Kenyan
Ambassador Mr Macharia Kamau and Irish Ambassador Mr David Donoghue.
In his presentation “Towards a UN Declaration in the Context of Post-2015
Development Agenda,” Dr Bhattacharya emphasised that the global leaders
need to commit themselves to a new framework of international partnership for
development cooperation. It would entail provisioning adequate resources for
SDGs implementation, making space for private sector and non-state actors in
the implementation process, putting in place a rigorous accountability
mechanism and operationalising effective monitoring and review procedures.
The global partnership for development for post-2015 should ensure an early
and
successful
conclusion of other
parallel
international
processes
currently
underway
in
the
different areas, pointed
out Dr Bhattacharya.
These
processes
include negotiations in
First Intergovernmental Negotiation on the Post-2015
the areas of trade,
Development Agenda, UN Headquarters, New York
transfer of technology,
climate change, intellectual property rights, taxation and financial rules.
Dr Bhattacharya called upon the member-states of the UN to demonstrate
visible political will to endow the post-2015 agenda with necessary momentum.
Tackling inequalities in the post-2015 agenda
Dr Debapriya Bhattacharya, Chair,
post-2015 negotiations, there has been
Southern Voice on Post-MDGs addressed
little discussion about what this means in
issues related to inequalities in the
practice. The event explored what specific
post-2015 agenda at UN Headquarters, on
actions should be agreed through the
19 March 2015 in New York.
post-2015 and financing for development
Dr Bhattacharya was an invited speaker
negotiations in order to deliver on the
at the event titled “Leaving No One Behind:
concept of leaving no one behind.
Tackling Inequalities in the Post-2015
Other speakers were Ms Elizabeth
Development Agenda,” organised by the
Stuart, Research Fellow, ODI; Mr Jose
Permanent Mission of the Kingdom of the The event brought together UN negotiators, civil society and other stakeholders Manuel Roche, Head of Research, Save
to discuss concrete proposals for seriously tackling inequality
Netherlands, ODI and UNF.
the Children; and Mr Peter van der Vliet,
Although the concept of ‘leaving no one behind’ is firmly embedded in the
Dutch Deputy Permanent Representative to the UN.
2015 Global Forum on Development
Debapriya Bhattacharya for inclusive global data system for the SDGs
Dr Debapriya Bhattacharya argued whether
the global data system is fit for the developing
countries while addressing the event “Making
Countries Fit for the Post-2015 Development
Agenda” at OECD Headquarter, Paris,
France, 30 March 2015.
In the keynote presentation “Making
Countries Fit in Data Use: What is really
needed?” he urged the international
development framework to take cognisance Participants discussed how the SDGs would require responsive statistical
of national context of developing countries.
systems with the capacity to track development progress of countries
across a much broader spectrum of development challenges
Despite the need, national statistical
CPD Quarterly
3
January - March 2015
systems from developing countries, are still
facing considerable challenges in delivering
quality statistical information.
Participants underscored that developing
countries require substantial support to build
and sustain effective capacity to produce
more high quality statistics and create
effective data dissemination mechanisms to
ensure that the right information is provided
for better policymaking.
CPD Executive Director Professor
Mustafizur Rahman also attended the event.
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)

A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
Young Scholars’ Seminar Series
Full implementation of ‘Right to Work’ in RMG sector urged
Bangladesh has made progress in
international attention to violations, the
creating employment, enacting of a
trade sector remains concerned over
modern labour law and adopting
the negative image created through
framework for monitoring workplace
these campaigns. It found that there
environment but the sustainability of
has been 75 per cent increase in
these initiatives remain doubtful.
wages in post-Rana Plaza period and
These initiatives, undertaken in
raises concern over other impacts on
post-Rana
Plaza
period
and
economy, e.g. increased inflation,
international initiatives like Alliance
housing and food price, etc.
and Accord, would end in few years,
The primary findings underscored
cautioned Visiting Associate Ms Tulsi
that there has been pressure to form
Byrne, as part of the CPD YSSS (centre) Tulsi Byrne explored Bangladesh’s obligation to right to work under international and register trade unions but allegation
covenants and its implementation through domestic law
programme on 17 January 2015.
is made against the union leaders of
The international advocacy in the post-Rana Plaza period is limited to what
not being actual representatives of the workers. There has been pressure for
Bangladesh should do but the capitalist system needs some changes in itself,
relocation of factories as well but the study inquired who will pay the cost.
commented Ms Byrne. The study also highlighted that all the stakeholders are
The study mentioned that integration of sub-contracting and small and medium
unanimous on the need for boosting RMG sector for economic development of
enterprises (SME) factories may lead to unemployment as more than 60 per cent
Bangladesh, but political instability poses a serious threat to that growth.
of factories fall into SME categories. It advised investigation of the ability of RMG
The study highlighted that while the rights activists proactively draw
industry in absorbing the ‘could-be-unemployed’ labours of SME factories.
Rehman Sobhan’s 80th birth anniversary celebrated
The Professor with his family, colleagues and eminent citizens
On the occasion of the 80th birth anniversary of Professor Rehman Sobhan,
CPD celebrated an evening with the Professor in presence of eminent guests at
Flambé Restaurant on Saturday 21 March 2015.
The guests, colleagues and friends recalled their significant memories with
Professor Sobhan, wishing him a continued success on his endeavours.
Born on 12 March 1935, he spent his early days at St. Paul’s School,
Darjeeling, attended Atchison College, Lahore during 1942-50 and went to
Trinity College, Cambridge to study Economics. On return, he joined Dhaka
University as a Lecturer in Economics in 1957.
Professor Sobhan held prestigious positions including Membership at the
Planning Commission (1972-74) and Director General at Bangladesh Institute of
Development Studies (BIDS) (1974-93). He founded the Centre for Policy
Dialogue in 1993 and still spearheads the think tank as its Founder Chairman.
His numerous accolades
include
Bangladesh
Shadhinata
Purashkar
(2008), the highest civilian
award; Bangladesh Bank
Purashkar (2000) for services
to the economics; Member of
the advisory council of the
President of Bangladesh
(1991).
Celebration at CPD office on 12 March 2015
UN Women solidarity movement against gender inequalities
Debapriya Bhattacharya endorses UN HeforShe campaign
The CPD Distinguished Fellow has
The other leaders in favour of the
committed support for the UN
campaign were Swedish Ambassador
Women’s
global
campaign
to Bangladesh Johan Frisell, President
‘HeForShe,’ which was launched in
of Inter-Parliamentarian Union Saber
Bangladesh to generate male support
Hossain Chowdhury, UN Resident
to achieve gender equality.
Coordinator Robert D Watkins,
Dr Bhattacharya was one of the nine
Prothom Alo Editor Matiur Rahman,
eminent male leaders who pledged
Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers
their support on Monday, 9 March
and Exporters Association Vice
2015 at the launch of the campaign
President Shahidullah Azim, film
supported by the Embassy of Sweden
director Khalid Mahmood Mithu,
at the capital’s Sonargaon hotel.
professional golfer Siddiqur Rahman
The HeforShe campaign aspires to change the conflicts and challenges encountered
“We say that behind every
and Jaago Foundation founder Korvi
by women in their lives to achieve gender equality
successful man stands a great mother
Rakshand.
or wife but can we say with equal confidence that behind every successful
woman is a great father or husband?” inquired Dr Bhattacharya, emphasising
the ways in which women should be inspired by their fathers, brothers,
International Women’s Day 2015
husbands, male colleagues, and male citizens at large.
CPD celebrated
Being challenged to name three more persons in favour of this initiative, Dr
the International
Bhattacharya named CPD Chairman Professor Rehman Sobhan, Executive
Women’s Day at
Director Professor Mustafizur Rahman and Additional Director Dr Khondaker
its office in
Golam Moazzem. In addition, he said that male colleagues at CPD expressed
presence of
Chairman
their full institutional support towards this cause.
Rehman Sobhan
Urging men to sign up for the cause, Ms Christine Hunter, UN Women
and senior
Representative in Bangladesh, said, “By committing to purposeful action and
colleagues on
standing in solidarity with women, men can help put gender equality at the centre
8 March 2015.
of development and growth.”
CPD Quarterly
4
January - March 2015
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)

A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
Southern Voice Research Conference
Think tanks from the global South engage in post-MDG debate
The first research conference on
have reinterpreted their existing
“Southern Voice on Post-MDG
outputs or have undertaken new
International Development Goals
research on emerging post-2015
and
Targets,”
organised
by
issues, to present their papers and
Southern Voice on Post-MDGs with
invite inputs from other participants,
Think Tank Initiative (TTI), took
which are essential for finalising
place in Istanbul during 16-17
these papers.
February 2015.
In parallel, the conference
The core themes of the
provided a platform for think tanks
conference encompassed shaping
from the Global South to
the
international
development
consolidate
analytical
agenda for the post-2015 period,
understanding of post-2015 issues
identifying
implementation
and engage in the global post-MDG
challenges of the post-2015 agenda More than 70 members of international development and research communities from Africa, debate. The event hosted a special
Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America attended the conference
and
understanding
national
presentation on the 5th European
implications for implementing post-2015 goals.
Report on Development (ERD 2015), a special presentation on the Post-2015
The conference provided opportunities to 20 SV research grantees who
Data Test project and a Strategy Session on “What Next for Southern Voice?”
Commonwealth Expert Group on Trade
New forum to tackle Commonwealth trade challenges
CPD Executive Director Professor
Negotiations; the advent of mega
Mustafizur
Rahman
made
a
trading blocs; and the role of
presentation
on
Bangladesh’s
multilateral trading systems in the
manufacturing sector and the
post-2015 development framework.
country’s
progress
towards
Earlier on 5 March, Professor
graduating from LDCs at a
Rahman was invited to attend a
consultative
meeting
of
the
technical review workshop on
Commonwealth Expert Group on
Commonwealth Flagship Publication
Trade (CEGT) in Malta.
on Trade in London. The workshop
The meetings held during 25-26
focused on the conceptual design,
March 2015, brought together 27
substantive content and research
This new forum for Commonwealth countries intends to facilitate reviewing trends and
experts to consider challenges
approaches of the publication.
sharing perspectives to promote a development-friendly global trading system
affecting member countries. The
Preliminary findings from some
meeting sought to address major global and regional trade trends affecting
selected background papers were shared with the participants and thematic
the Commonwealth, such as the latest developments in the Doha Round of
issues that the publication must engage with were critically reviewed.
High-level event on women’s economic empowerment and sustainable development
Women’s empowerment in post-2015 framework
of
State
for
International
Dr Debapriya Bhattacharya, Chair of
Cooperation, United Kingdom; Mr
Southern Voice on Post-MDGs
Martin
Bille
Hermann,
State
addressed
the
international
Secretary for Development of
conference on “Women’s Economic
Denmark; Mr Andris Piebalgs, former
Empowerment
and
Sustainable
European
Commissioner
for
Development – the Synthesis for
Development, EYD2015 Goodwill
Success,” on 2 March 2015 in Riga,
Ambassador and Dr Caren Grown,
Latvia.
Senior Director for Gender, World
As
a
panellist,
the
CPD
Bank.
Distinguished Fellow addressed
The conference, organised by
issues related to strengthening the
Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
dimension of women’s economic
(from left) Simon Maxwell, Baroness Lindsay Northover, Martin Bille Hermann,
brought together 260 participants
empowerment
in
post-2015
Andris Piebalgs, Caren Grown and Debapriya Bhattacharya
from over 40 countries, representing
framework. The panel discussion
EU institutions, international organisations including the UN, OECD,
aimed to define the next steps to integrate the discussed solutions, practices
International Labour Organization, World Bank, as well as the private sector
and structural changes in need within the post-2015 framework.
and NGOs.
Other panellists were Baroness Northover, Parliamentary Under Secretary
Meetings
Lin Zhun, Editor and Reporter, Global Times China
visited on 8 February 2015
Shubham Chaudhuri, Practice Manager,
Macroeconomics & Fiscal Management Global Practice
of World Bank visited on 3 February 2015
CPD Quarterly
5
January - March 2015
A team from Save the Children met CPD officials on 16
February 2015
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)

A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
Maritime Trade and Civilisational Linkages
Non-tariff barriers impeding IORA intra-regional trade
Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs)
opportunity to analyse the Indian
applied by Indian-Ocean Rim
Ocean from multiple perspectives
Association (IORA) countries are
and rejuvenate the deep ties that
a major setback for enhancing
bind the regional nations.
intra-regional trade, noted CPD
In his keynote, Dr Moazzem
Additional Research Director Dr
mentioned that IORA countries
Khondaker Golam Moazzem.
have experienced significant rise
He was addressing a session
in international trade over the
on
“Regional
Economic
last decade, but the share of
Cooperation in Trade and
intra-regional
trade
has
Investment in IORA” at the
marginally increased.
conference on “India and the
He proposed an institutional
Indian Ocean: Renewing the
arrangement to address and
(left) Khondaker Golam Moazzem addressing the conference
Maritime Trade & Civilisational
eliminate NTBs and set up a
Linkages,” during 20-22 March 2015, in Bhubaneswar, India.
committee to acknowledge different regional initiatives on NTBs, and thereby
The conference, organised by Institute of Social and Cultural Studies and
harmonise its activities. The business community could support the committee
Research and Information System for Developing Countries, provided an
in creating an NTB database to be used for their elimination, he added.
Research Division Report
District Budget Experience in Bangladesh: The Case of Tangail
Conducted under CPD’s flagship IRBD programme, the study intended to
identify weaknesses of budget preparation at the district level and explored
the scope of a better functioning and participatory budget, which will be
effective in reflecting the development demands from the district-level.
Tangail is the first district for which a separate experimental district budget
was prepared for two consecutive years. The study sought to trace the
experience of Tangail and test out the abovementioned objectives facing the
ground realities. The study was conducted by CPD Research Fellow Towfiqul
Islam Khan and Research Associate Mostafa Amir Sabbih.
Impact of Distribution of Return towards Maintaining the Social
Compliance in the Apparels Sector
CPD in association with Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) has initiated this
exploratory study to examine the options of distribution of return that can
contribute to improve social compliances in the apparel supply chain. The
study will explore possible linkages between distribution of margin in the
apparel value chain and its likely impact on maintaining social compliance
particularly at the suppliers’ end. As part of the study, a sample survey has
been carried out among large, small and subcontracting firms, as well as
retailers and brands of apparel products. The study is led by CPD Additional
Research Director Khondaker Golam Moazzem with Senior Research
Associate Kishore Kumer Bashak and Research Associate Ariful Islam.
Executive Opinion Survey for the Global Competitiveness Report 2015
CPD in partnership with the World Economic Forum, Geneva is conducting
the Executive Opinion Survey on business competitiveness in Bangladesh,
(Continued on page 8) Local
which, CPD has carried out since 2001. The survey data will be used in
preparing the Global Competitiveness Report for 2015-16. CPD Additional
Research Director Khondaker Golam Moazzem is the focal point for this
survey with team members Senior Research Associate Kishore Kumer
Bashak and Research Associate Meherun Nesa.
Fourth Monitoring Report on the Post-Rana Plaza Developments
By assessing the post-Rana Plaza developments during the last two years,
the report will highlight progress of the commitments made by key
stakeholders towards the Rana Plaza victims and progress of restructuring
and reforms in the RMG sector. Provided with information from different
national and international organisations, the report will be released through a
national dialogue on 21 April this year. It is important to note that the three
monitoring reports on post-Rana Plaza developments published earlier were
widely used as reference documents both home and abroad. The study is led
by CPD Additional Research Director Khondaker Golam Moazzem with
research support from Research Associate Ariful Islam.
Understanding Efficiency and Distributional Equality of Subsidy in
Bangladesh
By providing a comprehensive picture of subsidy expenditures in
Bangladesh, this study attempts to analyse subsidy expenditure at the macro
level, its relevance and effectiveness as a fiscal tool and makes
recommendations to reform subsidy. The study provides a theoretical
framework to be able to make preliminary assessment about efficiency and
desired distributional impacts of subsidy in Bangladesh. The research report
is authored by CPD Visiting Fellow Kaniz Siddique.
Level Dialogue in Tangail
remained relatively unattended.
Moderator of the dialogue, CPD Distinguished Fellow Dr Debapriya
Bhattacharya observed that greater Tangail’s socio-economic development
was rather mixed due to uneven development across different areas.
He also observed that the district council’s legal framework and function
should be reviewed for implementing the district budget, which also required
strengthening the local government to mobilise local funds. Also, a local
government financing commission could ensure quality of public expenditure
to determine appropriate financial allocation according to local demand.
Dr Bhattacharya added that the district budget needed clear outline for
revenue generation from district level and it must address environmental
vulnerability, hard-to-reach areas, marginalised people, women and children.
The government should ensure proper collection of local tax and VAT.
Special Guest Professor Mirza Mohammad Abdul Momen, Former
Chairman of Government Saadat College urged incentives for local crafts to
develop them into exportable goods for which the government should
facilitate import of raw materials for Tangail sarees from India.
Guest of Honour Former Ambassador Mr Anwarul Islam Khan brought to
attention the declining quality of education in Tangail. He felt that the
municipality needed to make the city more habitable and budgeting should
pay attention to its huge tourism potential.
CPD Quarterly
6
A section of the participants
Over 50 people from different walks participated in the floor discussion,
underscoring issues such as decentralisation of district budget and involving
gender dimension; strengthening of Tangail district council.
Other issues emerging from the discussion were improvement of local
roads, sanitation, markets, railway and highway communication to the capital;
vocational training for huge young population; Tangail’s poultry sector; cold
storage to preserve local produce; industrialisation without hampering
agricultural land; embankment for river erosion and lifting sluicegate from the
dead Louhojong river; facilitating local healthcare, particularly for women,
children and isolated areas; etc.
January - March 2015
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)
CPD Professionals in International Fora
A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
Was a speaker on “Leaving No One Behind: Tackling Inequalities in the
Post-2015 Development Agenda,” organised by Permanent Mission of the
Kingdom of the Netherlands, ODI and UNF on 19 March 2015 in New York,
USA.
Attended a series of meetings with UNESCAP Statistics Division during 25-27
March 2015, in Bangkok, Thailand.
Participated at 2015 Global Forum on Development: Post-2015 Financing for
Sustainable Development, during 30 March - 1 April 2015 at OECD
Conference Centre in Paris, France, as part of which he
Presented keynote on “Making Countries Fit in Data Use: What is really
needed?” at the event Making Countries Fit for the Post-2015 Development
Agenda, organised by PARIS21
Moderated the OECD session on “Financing the Post 2015 Sustainable
Development Goals in Fragile and Least Developed Countries”
Addressed the presentation “Financing and other Means of Implementation
in a Post-2015 Context”
Was a panellist at “Needs & Challenges in Financing for Development”
Anisatul Fatema Yousuf, Director, Dialogue and Communication, Khaleda
Akhter and Kishore Kumer Basak, Senior Research Associates
Joined the Bangladesh delegation to 12th Bangladesh, China, India and
Myanmar (BCIM) Forum on Cooperation for the Development of the BCIM,
hosted by Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar during 9-11
February 2015 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Khondaker Golam Moazzem, Additional Research Director
Participated at the seminar 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative, hosted
by State Council Information Office during 11-12 February 2015, in Quanzhou,
Fujian Province, China.
Presented “Beyond Tariff: Protectionism through Non-Tariff Barriers in IORA
Countries” at the international conference titled India and The Indian Ocean:
Renewing the Maritime Trade & Civilisational Linkages, organised by Institute
of Social and Cultural Studies and RIS during 20-22 March 2015 in
Bhubaneswar, India.
Khaleda Akhter
Attended a seminar on Assessment of India-Bangladesh Trade Potentiality,
organised by CUTS International on 18 March 2015, in New Delhi, India.
Research Conference on Southern Voice on Post-MDG International
Development Goals and Targets, organised by Southern Voice on Post-MDGs
and TTI during 16-17 February 2015 in Istanbul, Turkey, where
Mustafizur Rahman chaired a session on “Varying Perspectives on Global
Development Agenda”
Debapriya Bhattacharya conducted the curtain raising session and provided
closing remarks
Fahmida Khatun, Research Director, presented “CO2 Emissions, Energy
Consumption, Deforestation and Agricultural Income in LDCs: Lessons for
Post-2015 Development Agenda” at the session “Tackling Inequality and
Gender Dimensions”
Towfiqul Islam Khan, Research Fellow, presented “Illicit Financial Flow in
view of Financing the Post-2015 Development Agenda” at the session on
“Options for Financing Sustainable Development”
Mahenaw Ummul Wara, Research Associate, attended various sessions
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Rehman Sobhan, Chairman
Presented “Existing Models of SOE Governance Lessons from the
Bangladesh Experience” at a workshop on Performance Evaluation and
Management of SOEs, organised by Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public
Enterprises, during 14-15 January 2015 in New Delhi, India.
Attended a roundtable discussion on Intersectional Inequality: Perspectives
from South Asia, organised by UNDP on 9 February 2015 in New Delhi, India.
Rehman Sobhan and Rounaq Jahan, Distinguished Fellow
Attended the 12th Kolkata Group Workshop, organised by Pratichi India Trust,
Harvard Global Equity Initiative and UNICEF India, during 5-7 February 2015
in Kolkata, India.
Mustafizur Rahman, Executive Director
Presented “Challenges in Going Forward towards a Data Revolution” at the
forum Building Capacity for African Development Data, hosted by Partnership
for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR), during 19-20 January
2015 in Nairobi, Kenya.
Was a Panellist at Think Tank Initiative Exchange 2015: Research Quality,
Outreach and Impact, during 18-20 February 2015 in Istanbul, Turkey.
Attended a technical review workshop on Commonwealth Flagship
Publication on Trade, on 5 March 2015 in London, UK.
Presented “Bangladesh’s breaking into Manufacturing and Making Progress
Graduation from LDCs” and was a respondent on “Multilateral Trade Issues
for the Commonwealth” at a consultative meeting of Commonwealth Expert
Group on Trade (CEGT), during 25-26 March 2015 in Golden Sands, Malta.
Attended 2015 Global Forum on Development: Post-2015 Financing for
Sustainable Development, during 30 March - 1 April 2015 in Paris, France.
Debapriya Bhattacharya, Distinguished Fellow
Presented “Towards a UN Declaration in the Context of Post-2015
Development Agenda” at the first intergovernmental negotiations on the
Post-2015 Development Agenda, facilitated by UN-NGLS and UN DESADSD
at UN Headquarters during 19 -21 January 2015 in New York, USA.
Attended a meeting on Financing Key Priorities of the Data Revolution,
convened by UN and World Bank on 22 January 2015 in New York, USA.
Addressed a session on “What’s the political deal and outcomes for Addis“ at
LDC Retreat on Financing and other Means of Implementation for Post-2015,
co-hosted by Permanent Mission of Benin and UNF on 23 January 2015 in
New York, USA.
Moderated the plenary session “Research Quality for Think Tanks” at the
Think Tank Initiative Exchange 2015: Research Quality, Outreach and Impact
during 18-20 February 2015 in Istanbul, Turkey.
Was a discussant on “Post-2015 Context and ‘End Game’: Perspectives for a
Global Partnership” at the open forum on Beyond Aid: Innovative Governance,
Financing and Partnerships for the Post-2015 Agenda,” organised by Wilton
Park during 25-27 February 2015 in London, UK.
Was a panellist on “Strengthening the Dimension of Women’s Economic
Empowerment in Post-2015 framework” at the High-Level Event on Post-2015
and Beijing+20: Women’s Economic Empowerment and Sustainable
Development, organised by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Commission
and Latvian government on 2 March 2015 in Riga, Latvia.
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CPD Professionals in National Fora
Mustafizur Rahman, Executive Director
Attended Monetary Policy Preparation Meeting of Bangladesh Bank on 10
January 2015.
Chaired a session on “Industrial pollution related implementation problems” at
the conference on Environment Policies and Acts Implementation Problem,
organised by Bangladesh Poribesh Andolon and Bangladesh Environment
Network, on 10 January 2015.
Made a presentation on “Developments in the WTO: Addressing the Emerging
Challenges to Safeguard Bangladesh's Interests" at Fourth Executive
Development Seminar on Future Role of International Trade in Ensuring
Macroeconomic Stability: Bangladesh Perspective, organised by Bangladesh
Bank, on 13 January 2015.
Was a Special Guest at the seminar Greening the Garments Accessories and
Packaging Industries, organised by Bangladesh Garments Accessories and
Packaging Manufacturer and Exporters Association, on 17 January 2015.
Moderated a roundtable on Operationalization of WTO LDCs Service Waiver:
Bali Decision and its Implementation, organised by BFTI, on 25 January 2015.
Addressed the discussion Access to Finance: Environmental Sustainability in
the Textile Sector, organised by PRI, on 14 February 2015.
Was a panellist at a workshop on Labor Markets and Growth, organised by
BIGD, RAND Corporation, USA and University of Sussex with support from
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CPD Quarterly
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7
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DFID, ESRC and Institute for the Study of Labour (IZA), on 2 March 2015.
Debapriya Bhattacharya and Rounaq Jahan, Distinguished Fellows
Attended a conference on Gender Diversity and Development, organised by
Dhaka University Department of Women and Gender Studies, during 27-29
March 2015.
Khondaker Golam Moazzem, Additional Research Director
Presented keynote at a workshop on wek¦vqb, ˆe‡`wkK wewb‡qvM I Dbœqb
organised by Bangladesh Economic Association, on 9 January 2015.
Presented keynote on “Canada-Bangladesh Bilateral Trade: Exploring
Possible Impact of Bangladesh’s Graduation from an LDC,” at the seminar
Canada-Bangladesh Bilateral Trade, on 14 February 2015.
Towfiqul Islam Khan, Research Fellow
Addressed the 8th strategic meeting on Capacity for Research and Advocacy
for Fair taxation project, organised by SUPRO and Oxfam, on 10 March 2015.
Khaleda Akhter, Senior Research Associate
Attended the workshop Trade and Poverty: Analysis of the Impact of Trade
and Trade-Related Policies on Household Welfare, organised by UNCTAD
Virtual Institute and Jagannath University during 29 March - 2 April 2015.
Farzana Sehrin, Research Associate
Attended a workshop on Outcome of the Bali Ministerial with particular focus
on LDCs decision & Trade Facilitation Agreement, organised by WTO and
Bangladesh Government, during 10-11 February 2015.
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January - March 2015
CENTRE FOR POLICY DIALOGUE (CPD)

A CIVIL SOCIETY THINK TANK
Local Level Dialogue in Tangail
District budget should address local necessities
Although a good tool for local
that
reflections
from
the
development, district budget is
grassroots level would also help
yet to deliver desired impact at
CPD in generating ideas on how
the
local
level,
observed
best the budget could be
discussants at a CPD dialogue
formulated.
on Tangail district budget.
Chief Guest Mr Fazlur
Policymakers were urged to
Rahman
Khan
Faruk,
maintain close coordination with
Administrator of Tangail District
district-level administration for
Council,
observed
that
effective development measures
parliamentarians should place
and government was urged to
justified demands before the
revise the methodology of
government
for
their
formulating district budget and
constituencies to help improve
improve it according to demands
people’s lives.
(left) Towfiqul Islam Khan, Mustafizur Rahman, Fazlur Rahman Khan Faruk, Debapriya
of the local people.
The
keynote
by
CPD
Bhattacharya, Mirza Mohammad Abdul Momen, Anwarul Islam Khan, Sekender Hayat
The dialogue titled Uv½vBj †Rjv
Research Fellow Mr Towfiqul
ev‡RU I cÖvmw½K welq, was organised at BURO Bangladesh Auditorium,
Islam Khan showed that Tangail excelled in reducing poverty in comparison
Tangail on 14 March 2015.
to national average, however, extreme poverty level remained above high. As
CPD Executive Director Professor Mustafizur Rahman felt that this
a district, Tangail mostly received budgetary allocation towards roads and
(Continued on page 6)
discussion aimed to convey demands of the local people to policymakers and
communication while other areas
Publications
Books
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Protecting Bangladesh’s
Geographical Indication Interests: The
Case of Jamdani. Dhaka: CPD and
National Crafts Council of Bangladesh
(NCCB).
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mgmvgwqK Dbœqb wPšÍv| 2014 mv‡j
wgwWqv‡Z wmwcwWÕi wbe©vwPZ gšÍe¨mg~n.
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Dhaka: CPD
Nesa, M, 2015. Economic Empowerment of
Women through Entrepreneurship: A Study on
Women SME Entrepreneurs in Bangladesh.
Saarbrücken: Dictus Publication
Journal Article
Moazzem, K.G. and Basak, K.K. 2015.
Bangladesh-Canada Bilateral Trade: Exploring
Possible Impact of Bangladesh’s Graduation
from an LDC. CanCham Review. Vol: IX, March
2015, pp. 12-18
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Blog Post
Moazzem, K.G. 2015. “Enhancing FDI Flow in
South Asia: Exploring a Framework for
Regional Cooperation.” Published in SARCist in
March 2015. Available at: http://thesarcist.org/
Opinion/90
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Southern Voice Occasional Paper Series
Paper 19: Development Policy Failure in
Pakistan:
Institutional
and
Governance
Challenges
Shehryar Khan Toru
Paper
20:
CO2
Emissions,
Energy
Consumption, Deforestation and Agricultural
Income in LDCs: Lessons for Post-2015
Development Agenda Fahmida Khatun and
Muhammad Al Amin
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Paper 21: Social Institutions and Gender
Inequality in Fragile States: Are They Relevant
for the Post-MDG Debate?
Boris Branisa and Carolina Cardona
Paper 22: Unpacking the Middle: A Class-based
Analysis of the Labour Market in Sri Lanka
Vagisha Gunasekara
Paper 23: Alternatives for Development or
Alternatives to Development?
Mireya Anabell Villacís Taco, María Fernanda
Mora Garces and Rodrigo López
Paper 24: MIND THE DATA GAP: Evaluating
MDG’s Contribution to the Improvement of
Statistical Capacities in Bolivia, 2000-2013
Werner Hernani-Limarino, Wilson Jimenez and
Katerine Saravia
Paper 25: Illicit Financial Flow in view of
Financing the Post-2015 Development Agenda
Towfiqul Islam Khan and Mashfique Ibne Akbar
Paper 26: Can Foreign Portfolio Investment
Contribute
to
Post-2015
Development
Goals in Asia?
Pradeep Agrawal
Paper 27: Growth within Natural Limits: The
Debates, Propositions and Possibilities
Karin Fernando and Prasanthi Gunawardena
Newspaper and Magazine Articles
Khatun, F, 2015. Bangladesh Economy:
Looking back and looking forward. The Daily
Star, 1 January.
Sobhan, R. 2015. ZviæY¨ e`‡j w`‡”Q †`k.
Samakal, 1 January
Rahman, M. 2015. wewb‡qvM AwbðqZv GLbI
Kv‡Uwb. Shokaler Khobor, 1 January
Bhattacharya, D. 2015. we‡klÁ gšÍe¨: †`ewcÖq
fÆvPvh©. Prothom Alo, 1 January.
Moazzem, K.G. and Sehrin, F. 2015.
Export-oriented plastic industry of Bangladesh:
Opportunities and Challenges. The Financial
Express, 27 January.
Sobhan. R, 2015. Is there any light at the end of
the tunnel? Dhaka Tribune, 20 February.
Sobhan. R, 2015. djvdjk~b¨ †Ljvq †b‡g‡Qb
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ivRbxwZKiv. Manabzamin, 24 February.
Sobhan. R, 2015. Prelude to an order for
genocide. The Daily Star, 2 March.
Khatun, F. 2015. When Politics Stifles
Economic Growth, The Daily Star, 4 March.
Khatun, F. 2015. Fortune of the few, forget the
rest. The Daily Star, 9 March.
Khatun, F. 2015. Banking sector in search of
respite. The Daily Star, 10 March.
Moazzem, K.G. and Nessa, M. 2015. In search
of strategies for export diversification. The Daily
Star, 10 March.
Khatun, F. 2015. Living within planetary
boundaries. The Daily Star, 16 March.
Sobhan. R, 2015. Lv‡`i wKbv‡i `uvwo‡q. Prothom
Alo, 20 March.
Sobhan. R, 2015. Amn‡hvM †_‡K RbM‡Yi ivR.
Prothom Alo, 21 March.
Sobhan. R, 2015. kw³kvjx Ae¯’vb †_‡K Avcmidv.
Prothom Alo, 22 March.
Khatun, F. 2015. A journey through light and
shadow. The Daily Star, 23 March.
Sobhan. R, 2015. Over the Precipice: March
1971 Diary. Dhaka Tribune, 9-25 March.
Khatun, F. 2015. Development vs democracy.
The Daily Star, 30 March.
Newspaper Interviews
Bhattacharya, D. 2015. msKU wbim‡b Av‡jvPbv.
Samakal, 12 January.
Rahman, M. 2015. A_©bxwZi ¯^v‡_© mwnsmZv eÜ nIqv
cÖ‡qvRb. Bangladesh Pratidin, 31 January.
Moazzem, K.G. 2015. msKU A_©bxwZ‡Z cÖfve
†dj‡e. Bhorer Kagoj, 9 February.
Rahman, M. 2015. kÖgevRvi 3% Lyj‡j GjwWwm 15
nvRvi †KvwU Wjv‡ii evRvi cv‡e. Prothom Alo, 28
February.
Rahman, M. 2015. mwnsmZv K‡g G‡jI AwbðqZv
Kv‡Uwb. Bangladesh Pratidin, 28 February.
Rahman, M. 2015. Dhaka must prepare to enter
developed market. The People’s Time, 2 March.
Sobhan. R, 2015. On a mission. China Daily
Asia Weekly: February-March Issue, 27
February.
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Published by Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD)
House - 6/2 (7th & 8th floors), Block - F, Kazi Nazrul Islam Road, Lalmatia Housing Estate, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh
Telephone: (+88 02) 9141703, 9143326; Fax: (+88 02) 8130951; E-mail: info@cpd.org.bd; Website: www.cpd.org.bd
CPD Quarterly
8
January - March 2015