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Is Your Online
Security Intelligent?
Mikel Steadman
Dyn Director of Sales Engineering
@mikelsteadman
msteadman@dyn.com
SCENARIOS THAT MATTER TO YOU
THE INTERNET, IN 60 SECONDS… ish
INTERNET_HIGH_FIVE
@mikelsteadman @mikelsteadman APPLICATION SECURITY
@mikelsteadman
@mikelsteadman NETWORK SECURITY
@mikelsteadman
@mikelsteadman What’s Happening on the Outside?
@mikelsteadman
IS EITHER SCENARIO UNUSUAL?
Scenario 1
Traffic between two floors of the same
office building in Singapore takes over
350ms round trip, traveling via San Jose,
California
Scenario 2
Traffic from Western Europe to the US
takes around 70ms round trip, traveling
via Iceland’s incumbent provider
@mikelsteadman
IS EITHER SCENARIO UNUSUAL?
Scenario 1 – INNOCENT
NTT won’t peer with Tinet in Singapore;
Tinet must drag traffic to San Jose to
hand it off to NTT, who drags it home
again to Singapore.
Scenario 2 – UNUSUAL
Iceland’s Siminn hijacked routes of
major firms for weeks and passed the
traffic along. In general, traffic never
flows via Iceland (cost, geo).
@mikelsteadman
IS EITHER SCENARIO UNUSUAL?
Scenario 1
Latencies to Google’s public DNS servers
increase dramatically from S. America
Scenario 2
Latencies to a Microsoft network
(hosting important domains) decrease
momentarily from E. Europe
@mikelsteadman
IS EITHER SCENARIO UNUSUAL?
Scenario 1 – UNUSUAL
Google departs Brazil for unexplained
reasons. DNS queries answered from
California. No route hijacking involved.
(See our 10/30 blog post)
Scenario 2 – UNUSUAL
Microsoft network (more specific of routed
prefix) is hijacked, misdirection limited to
immediate vicinity. Not Man-in-the-Middle!
Traces terminated at the hijacker.
@mikelsteadman
The Internet:
IT’S NOT THE
HIGHWAY SYSTEM
@mikelsteadman @mikelsteadman
The Internet:
IT’S NOT YOUR
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
@mikelsteadman @mikelsteadman
The Internet:
IT’S NOT A TELEPHONE
SWITCHBOARD
@mikelsteadman @mikelsteadman
The Internet:
IT’S A HUMAN
MARKETPLACE
@mikelsteadman @mikelsteadman
1. Submarine Cables Tie Continents Together
●  Internet exchange
points can form
around critical landing
sites, if local
conditions are right.
@mikelsteadman
2. Fiber Networks
●  Connecting landing point and
exchange point cities
●  Arbitraging differences in
Internet pricing
●  Creating diversity that can
survive local cable breaks
@mikelsteadman
3. Regional & Local Internet
●  Internet service providers
of all sizes compete to
serve consumer interest,
interconnecting in small
and medium-sized regional
hub cities
@mikelsteadman
4. The Last Mile
●  Delivery of bits from citylevel infrastructure to local
offices and consumers
@mikelsteadman
Security Affects Your Business
3,000 Outages/day
Across the Global Internet
With effects that can last for hours
Source: Dyn Research
@mikelsteadman Is Your Security Intelligent?
INTELLIGENT
DOMAIN
SECURITY
@mikelsteadman DNS Hijacking
500,000 Domains
Across 1,500 networks serving 150 cities
were affected by routing hijacks over last year
Source: Dyn Research
@mikelsteadman Hijacks
●  Hijacks
○  Raised when a prefix you Originate is
announced by a different Origin AS
●  Hijacked Sub-prefix
○  Raised when you are monitoring a prefix and a
more specific prefix within that range is
announced by a different Origin AS
@mikelsteadman
What is BGP?
●  Routing Protocol
●  BGP = Border Gateway Protocol
●  Properties
○ 
○ 
○ 
○ 
@mikelsteadman
ubiquitous: the de facto internet standard
distributed: no centralized coordination
trust-based: routers believe what they learn
gossipy: share information freely
Why we care about BGP
@mikelsteadman AS Path & Data Collection
Edge
8781
701
6453
Core
Dyn
@mikelsteadman Destination “X”
AS Path & Data Collection
Edge
8781
701
6453
Core
Dyn
Destination “X”
@mikelsteadman Destination “X”
ACTIVE MANAGEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE
@mikelsteadman Dyn Internet Intelligence
@mikelsteadman
Through Measurement, You are in Control
@mikelsteadman
Notes on Hijacks
●  Real Hijacks are rare
○  False positives occur more often
○  Usually prefixes with different Originating ASes
■  Examples: Salesforce owns ExactTarget
■  Verisign owns multiple ASes
●  Only the Network Operator can really
know what they expect
@mikelsteadman
Review: 5 Critical Internet Intelligence Questions
● 
Where is my audience (geography & key ISP’s)?
● 
How do ISP’s bring my brand to market?
● 
How do we identify external attacks on our brand (domain)?
● 
How do we monitor and analyze the performance of the internet?
● 
Who oversees our ability to watch, control, and optimize our
traffic?
Dyn is a cloud-­‐based Internet Performance company.
Dyn helps companies monitor, control, and op<mize online infrastructure for an excep<onal end-­‐user experience. We have a world-­‐class network and unrivaled, objec<ve intelligence into Internet condi<ons. @mikelsteadman
The Good News
●  The Internet is a service delivery medium, like
any other. It can be measured and managed
to meet your critical business goals.
●  Dyn delivers the global measurement
infrastructure and interactive tools to help
your global business succeed and thrive!
Dyn is a cloud-­‐based Internet Performance company.
Dyn helps companies monitor, control, and op<mize online infrastructure for an excep<onal end-­‐user experience. We have a world-­‐class network and unrivaled, objec<ve intelligence into Internet condi<ons. @mikelsteadman
THANK YOU!
Mikel Steadman
Dyn Director of
Sales Engineering
@mikelsteadman Dyn is an Internet Performance Company
Availability & Uptime
ONE SECOND DELAY =
7%
11%
16%
REDUCTION IN ONLINE
CUSTOMER CONVERSION
FEWER PAGE VIEWS
DECREASE IN
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Source: Aberdeen Group
@mikelsteadman
HOW PERFORMANCE IMPACTS YOUR BUSINESS
YAHOO FOUND THAT AN ADDITIONAL
ONE-SECOND SERVER DELAY RESULTED IN A
2.8% REVENUE DECREASE
(AND NEARLY A 2 SECOND INCREASE IN TIME TO CLICK)
@mikelsteadman HOW PERFORMANCE IMPACTS YOUR BUSINESS
40% OF USERS
ABANDON WEBSITES THAT TAKE
MORE THAN 3 SECONDS TO LOAD
Source: Akamai
@mikelsteadman HOW PERFORMANCE IMPACTS YOUR BUSINESS
6.79M
OF DECREASED SALES PER MILLISECOND
Source: Amazon
@mikelsteadman The Internet:
●  80% of the top ten global Internet properties are still headquartered
in the US, but 81% of their users are outside the US.*
●  Worldwide spending on cloud services and infrastructure will reach
$100B in 2014.*
●  The quality of the Internet’s paths is a key determinant of end-user
experience for services delivered in the Cloud.
@mikelsteadman