Writing K to 12, Or Not Isagani R. Cruz The Manila Times College Globe: 0917-904-0968 Smart: 0921-494-0472 Sun: 0933-489-4544 isaganicruz@gmail.com SOURCE: DepEd Undergraduate Graduate Doctoral Post-Doctoral Four (4) Years Six (6) Years TVET SOURCE: DepEd Undergraduate Graduate Doctoral Post-Doctoral Six (6) Years One (1) Year Four (4) Years Tech-Voc NC 1-2 TVET SOURCE: DepEd Six (6) Years One (1) Year Four (4) Years Tech-Voc NC 1/2 Two (2) Years TVL NC 2/3/4 Academic Sports Arts Undergraduate Graduate Doctoral Post-Doctoral Holistically developed Filipino with 21st century skills The PHL Qualifications Framework LEVEL BASIC EDUCATION TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SOURCE: DepEd SOURCE: TESDA HIGHER EDUCATION L8 DOCTORAL AND POST DOCTORAL L7 POST BACCALAUREATE L6 BACCALAUREATE BACCALAUREATE DIPLOMA L5 L4 NC IVNC IV L3 NC III L2 NC II L1 NC I GRADE 12 SOURCE: DepEd NC 1, 2 7 15 9 NC 1, 2, 4 Language and Literacy Creative Writing Creative Writing Competence An effective language arts and multiliteracies curriculum draws on literature in order to develop students’ understanding of their literary heritage. Naipapamalas ng mag-aaral ang pag-unawa at pagpapahalagang pampanitikan gamit ang teknolohiya at iba’t ibang uri ng teksto at mga akdang pampanitikang rehiyunal, pambansa, saling-akdang Asyano at pandaigdig tungo sa pagtatamo ng kultural na literasi. In order to teach creativity, one must teach creatively. The tortoise and the monkey found once a banana tree floating amidst the waves of a river. It was a very fine tree, with large green leaves, and with roots just as if it had been pulled off by a storm. They took it ashore. “Let us divide it,” said the tortoise, “and plant each its portion.” They cut it in the middle, and the monkey, as the stronger, took for himself the upper part of the tree, thinking that it would grow quicker for it had leaves. The tortoise, as the weaker, had the lower part, that looked ugly, although it had roots. After some days, they met. “Hello, Mr. Monkey,” said the tortoise, “how are you getting on with your banana tree?” “Alas,” said the monkey, “it has been dead a long time! And yours, Miss Tortoise?” “Very nice indeed, with leaves and fruits. I cannot climb up to gather them.” “Never mind,” said the malicious monkey, “I will climb up and pick them for you.” “Do, Mr. Monkey,” replied the tortoise gratefully. And so they walked toward the tortoise’s house. As soon as the monkey saw the bright yellow fruits hanging between the large green leaves, he climbed up and began plundering, munching and gobbling, as quick as he could. “But give me some, too,” said the tortoise, seeing that the monkey did not take the slightest notice of her. “Not even a bit of the skin, if it is eatable,” rejoined the monkey, both his cheeks crammed with bananas. The tortoise meditated revenge. She went to the river, picked up some pointed shells, planted them around the banana tree, and hid herself under a coconut shell. When the monkey came down, he hurt himself and began to bleed. After a long search he found the tortoise. “You must pay now for your wickedness; you must die. But as I am very generous, I will leave to you the choice of your death. Shall I pound you in a mortar, or shall I throw you into the water? Which do you prefer?” “The mortar, the mortar,” answered the tortoise; “I am so afraid of getting drowned.” “O ho!” laughed the monkey; “indeed! You are afraid of getting drowned! Now I will drown you!” And going to the shore, he slung the tortoise and threw it in the water. But soon the tortoise reappeared swimming and laughing at the deceived, artful monkey. – José Rizal, “Two Eastern Fables,” Trubner’s Record (London, 1889) LEVEL CONTENT Rhyme K Character, Setting, Plot Closure COMPETENCY Recite rhymes, poems, and sing simple jingles/songs in the mother tongue, Filipino and/or English Identify whether a pair or set of words rhyme Recall details of the story told by the teacher: the characters, when and where the story happens, the events in the story Predict what might happen next in the story heard Ask students: What did the monkey do next? LEVEL CONTENT Identify rhyming words in nursery rhymes, songs, jingles, poems, and chants Interpretation Recite and sing individually, with ease and confidence, songs, poems, chants, and riddles Character Infer the character feelings and traits in a story listened to Persona Identify the speaker in the story or poem listened to Closure Predict possible ending of a story listened to Stop after every paragraph and ask students Criticism Participate actively during story reading by how the monkey or the tortoiseand feels. making comments asking questions Rhyme 1 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT COMPETENCY Note important details in grade level narrative texts listened to: (a) character, (b) setting, (c) events Plot Give the correct sequence of three events in a story listened to Creative Supply rhyming words to complete a rhyme, Ask students to role-play with makeshift costumes, making Writing poem, and song up their own dialogue the mother tongue. Plausibility in Identify cause and/or effect of events in a story listened to Structure Identify the problem and solution in the story read Criticism Discuss, illustrate, dramatize specific events in Adaptation a story read Character, Setting, Plot 1 LEVEL CONTENT COMPETENCY Retell a story read Tell/retell legends, fables, and jokes Close Reading Note important details in grade level literary texts listened to Interpretative Nababasa ang usapan, tula, talata, kuwento Reading nang may tamang bilis, diin, tono, antala, at ekspresyon Ipaulit Author sa mga estudyante ang kuwentoang sa paggalang sarili nilang wika. Naipamamalas sa ideya, damdamin, at kultura ng may akda ng tekstong napakinggan o nabasa 1 Paraphrase LEVEL 1 CONTENT Value Creative Writing COMPETENCY Napahahalagahan ang mga tekstong pampanitikan sa pamamagitan ng aktibong pakikilahok sa usapan at gawaing pampanitikan Pagsulat ng tula at kuwento Pasulatin ang mga estudyante ng ambahan / tanaga / dalit / diona tungkol sa matsing. The ambahan is a rhythmic poetic expression with a meter of seven (7) syllable lines and having rhythmic end-syllables. http://mangyan.org/book/export/html/34 TANAGA: Ang tanaga ay isang katutubong anyo ng tula na binubuo ng pitong (7) pantig kada taludtod, apat (4) na taludtod kada saknong na may isahang tugmaan. DALIT: Ang dalit ay isang katutubong anyo ng tula na binubuo ng walong (8) pantig kada taludtod, apat (4) na taludtod kada saknong at may isahang tugmaan. DIONA: Ang diona ay isang katutubong anyo ng tula na binubuo ng pitong (7) pantig kada taludtod, tatlong (3) taludtod kada saknong at may isahang https://burubudoy.wordpress.com/2008/07/15/pinoy-haiku-tanaga-dalit-at-diona/ tugmaan. LEVEL 2 CONTENT COMPETENCY Note important details in grade level narrative texts: (a) character, (b) setting, (c) plot Express individual choices and taste for texts Browse/read books for various purposes such Ask students: What the story saying? as forislearning or for pleasure Structure Identify the important story elements Character Infer character feelings and traits in a story Genre Identify the difference between a story and a poem Theme Give the main idea of a story/poem Synopsis Give the summary of a story Metaphor Identify and use simile and metaphor in sentences Character, Setting, Plot Appreciation Background LEVEL CONTENT Give another title for literary text Identify the author’s purpose for writing a selection Appreciation Show love for reading by listening attentively reading and by making Sabihin saduring mga story estudyante: comments/reactions Bigyan ng ibang pamagat ang kuwento. Naipamamalas ang pagpapahalaga at kasanayan sa pagbasa ng iba’t ibang uri ng Panitikan Napapahalagahan ang mga tekstong pampanitikan Titles Intention 2 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Affect 2 Criticism COMPETENCY Nakadarama ng pagbabago sa sariling damdamin at pananaw batay sa binasang teksto Naipakikita ang aktibong pakikilahok sa usapan at gawaing pampanitikan Nauunawaan ang kahalagahan ng mga nilalaman ng panitikan Ask students how they feel after reading the story. LEVEL CONTENT Note important details in grade level narrative texts: (a) character, (b) setting, (c) plot (problem & solution) Appreciation use Expresses love for stories andaother Ask student to personification to tell storytexts by about a dog andbrowsing a cat. the books read to them and asking to be read more stories and texts Genre Identify the difference between a story and a poem Paraphrase Give the meaning of a poem Figures of Identifies and uses personification, hyperbole speech Theme Gives the main idea of a story/poem Character, Setting, Plot 3 COMPETENCY LEVEL 3 CONTENT Character Structure Closure Adaptation COMPETENCY Infers character feelings and traits in a story Identifies the important story elements Predicts possible ending of a story Responds to a story through dramatization, songs, or art activities Appreciation Shows love for reading by listening attentively during story reading and making comments or reactions Ask student to a cartoon Title draw Give another titledepicting for literarythe text monkey and theDescribes tortoiseand in areacts 21st century setting. Stylistics to the author’s writing style Appreciation Napapahalagahan ang mga tekstong pampanitikan LEVEL 4 CONTENT Setting / Character / Theme / Plot COMPETENCY Analyze a narrative in terms of its setting Analyze a narrative in terms of its characters Analyze a narrative in terms of its theme Analyze a narrative in terms of its plot (conflict / problem / reaction / resolution / ending) Poetic devices Analyze a 3 or 4-line poem in terms of its elements (rhymes, sound devices) Identify figuresencounter of speech (simile, Ask student to relate a future of the metaphor, personification) monkey and the tortoise, showing that they do not like each other. LEVEL 5 CONTENT COMPETENCY Theme / Setting Infer the theme of a literary text / Characters / Summarize narrative texts based on elements Plot (theme, setting, characters [heroes and villains], plot [beginning, middle, and end] Poetic devices Analyze a 2-stanza poem in terms of its elements (rhymes, sound devices, imagery, figurative language) Analyze figures of speech (simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole) Ask student to write a story with hyperbole. LEVEL CONTENT Analyze sound devices (onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonance, consonance) Analyze poem with 4 or more stanzas in terms of its elements (rhymes, sound devices, imagery, figurative language) Ask student to write four four-line stanzas of Determine tone, mood, and purpose of the rhyming verse (abab) authorwith alliteration in every line. Analyze figures of speech (simile, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, culture-based euphemism) Plot Evaluate narratives based on how the author developed the elements (plot [chronologicalsequential, en medias res, flashback] Poetic devices 6 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Demonstrates communicative competence through his/her understanding of Philippine Make the student write a story about a vampire Literature and a wizard with the same plot line as that of Pre-colonial Demonstrates understanding of pre-colonial the folktale. literature Philippine literature as a means of connecting to the past Transfers learning by showing appreciation for the literature of the past Describes the different literary genres during the pre-colonial period Proverbs, Identify the distinguishing features of Myths, Legends proverbs, myths, and legends As language 7 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Explain how the elements specific to a genre contribute to the theme of a particular literary selection Imagery Express appreciation for sensory images used Devices Explain the literary devices used Tone, Intention Determine the tone, mood, technique, and purpose of the author Theme Draw similarities and differences of the Make students list words that describe how the featured selections in relation to the theme monkey can use Boggle.) Context smells. (You Explain how a selection may be influenced by culture, history, environment, or other factors Genre 7 COMPETENCY LEVEL 7 CONTENT COMPETENCY Conflict, Theme Discover the conflicts presented in literary selections and the need to resolve those conflicts in non-violent ways Period Identify the distinguishing features of literature during the Period of Apprenticeship Genre Identify the distinguishing features of poems and short stories Psychology Discover literature as a tool to assert one’s Ask student to orally a story theunderstand uniquetell identity andwhere to better tortoise gets hisother revenge without resorting to people violence. Period Identify the distinguishing features of literature during the Period of Emergence LEVEL CONTENT Naisusulat ang mga patunay na ang kuwentong-bayan ay salamin ng tradisyon o kaugalian ng lugar na pinagmulan nito Pabula Naibabahagi ang sariling pananaw at saloobin sa pagiging karapatdapat / di karapatdapat ng paggamit ng mga hayop bilang mga tauhan sa pabula Synopsis Naisusulat ang buod ng binasang kuwento nang maayos AskDrama student to usingtungkol humansa napanood Street rewrite Nabubuothe angstory patalastas beings rather than animals as characters. na dulang panlansangan Folksong Naisasagawa ang dugtungang pagbuo ng bulong at/o awiting-bayan Kuwentong Bayan 7 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Identify the distinguishing features of revolutionary songs, poems, short stories, drama, and novels Theme Discover through Philippine literature the need to work cooperatively and responsibly in today’s global village Period Identify the distinguishing features of selected literary the Contemporary Ask student to write a genres sonnetduring dedicated to the Period Muslims or Christians in Mindanao. Author Explain the contributions of national artists for literature in elevating Philippine Literature in English in the global village Genre 7 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Alamat Epiko 7 Ibong Adarna Korido COMPETENCY Naisusulat ang isang alamat sa anyong komiks Naisasagawa ang isahan / pangkatang pagsasalaysay ng isang pangyayari sa kasalukuyang na may pagkakatulad sa mga pangyayari sa epiko Naibabahagi ang sariling ideya tungkol sa kahalagahan ng pag-aaral ng Ibong Adarna Nakikilahok sa malikhaing pagtatanghal ng ilang saknong ng korido na naglalarawan ng pagpapahalagang Pilipino Ask students to perform the story using rhymed dialogue with original music. LEVEL CONTENT Demonstrates communicative competence through his/her understanding of Afro-Asian Literature African Lit Demonstrates understanding of African literature as a means of exploring forces that human beings contend with Describe the notable literary genres contributed by African writers Identify the distinguishing features of notable Ask student to rewrite story with folktales, the Africanthe chants, poems, and short tortoise as a 21st stories century Filipino and the monkey corporation. Figures of as a multinational Explain figurative language used speech Afro-Asian Lit 8 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Explain how the elements specific to a genre contribute to the theme of a particular literary selection Imagery Express appreciation for sensory images used Tone, Intention Determine the tone, mood, technique, and purpose of the author Theme Describe similarities and differences of the featured selections in relation to the theme Criticism Explain how a selection may be influenced by Ask student to rewrite storyenvironment, to make it scary. culture,the history, or other factors Devices Explain the literary devices used Genre 8 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Describe the notable literary genres contributed by East Asian writers Identify the distinguishing features of notable East Asian poems, folktales, and short stories Nature Appreciate literature as an art form inspired and influenced by nature Southeast Asian Describe the notable literary genres Lit contributed by Southeast Asian writers Identify the distinguishing features of notable Ask student to write a story thedramas, same and novels poems, shortwith stories, characters but using anotherbyplant. contributed Southeast Asian writers Tone, Theme, Determine key ideas, tone, and purposes of Intention the author East Asian Lit 8 COMPETENCY LEVEL 8 CONTENT COMPETENCY South and West Describe the notable literary genres Asian Lit contributed by South and West Asian writers Pasulatin ang estudyante ngdistinguishing limang bugtong na of religious Identify the features texts, epics, myths, drama, and short stories ang sagot ay: pagong. contributed by South and West Asian writers Philosophy, Appreciate literature as an expression of Religion philosophical and religious ideals Riddles, Naisusulat ang sariling bugtong, salawikain, Proverbs sawikain, o kasabihan na angkop sa kasalukuyang kalagayan Interpretative Nabibigkas nang wasto at may damdamin ang Reading tula LEVEL CONTENT COMPETENCY Nasusuri nang pasulat ang papel na ginagampanan ng sarsuwela sa pagpapataas ng kamalayan ng mga Pilipino sa Kultura ng iba’t ibang rehiyon sa bansa Naisusulat ang isang orihinal na tulang may Creative apat o higit pang saknong sa alinmang anyong Writing tinalakay, gamit ang paksang pag-ibig sa kapwa, bayan, o kalikasan Florante at Nabibigkas nang madamdamin ang mga Pasulatin ang estudyante apat saknong na Laura sauladongng berso ngna Florante at Laura Sarsuwela 8 tungkol sa pag-ibig sa kaaway. LEVEL CONTENT Demonstrates communicative competence through his/her understanding of BritishAmerican Literature Demonstrates understanding of how AngloAmerican literature serves as a means of discovering and enhancing the self Identify the distinguishing features of notable Anglo-American lyric poetry, sonnets, dramatic poetry, vignettes, songs, poems, Ask students to write descriptions themselves Theme sermons, allegories, of short stories, and one-act as either monkeys or tortoises. plays Mood Explain how the elements specific to a selection build its theme British and American Lit 9 COMPETENCY LEVEL 9 CONTENT COMPETENCY Tone, Intention Determine the tone, mood, technique, and purpose of the author Theme Draw similarities and differences of the featured selections in relation to the theme Context Explain how a selection may be influenced by culture, history, environment, or other factors Analyze literature as a means of valuing other people and their circumstances in life Explain how the elements specific to a genre Ask student to rewrite the to story with the contribute the theme of a particular literary monkey as the hero or good guy. selection LEVEL CONTENT Analyze a radio play as a means of connecting to the world Dialogue Analyze dialogue as one of the elements in building the theme of a play Reviewing Compose a play review Theme Explain how the elements specific to fulllength plays build its theme as a means of understanding unchanging values in a changing world Ask student torewrite theang story as a kuwento radio play Short Story Nasusuri maikling batay sa with witty dialogue. paksa, mga tauhan, pagkakasunod-sunod ng mga pangyayari, estilo sa pagsulat ng awtor Genre 9 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Nasusuri ang pagiging makatotohanan ng ilang pangyayari sa isang dula Tanka & Haiku Naisusulat ang payak na tanka at haiku sa tamang anyo at sukat Creative Naisusulat ang isang maikling dula tungkol sa Writing karaniwang buhay ng isang grupo ng Asyano Criticism Nasasaliksik ang kulturang nakapaloob sa alinmang dula sa Silangang Asya Parable Naisasadula ang nabuong orihinal na parabola Pasulatin at ipatanghal sa mga estudyante ang Elegy Nakasusulat ng sariling elehiya para sa isang isang dula tungkol sa isang pamilya na nakatira mahal sa buhay sa Zamboanga tinaguriang “monkeys with tungkol Noli me tangere (na Naitatanghal ang scenario building kay Sisa sa makabagong panahon no tails” ng mga kano). Verisimilitude 9 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Demonstrates communicative competence through his/her understanding of literature for a deeper appreciation of World Literature, including Philippine Literature Demonstrates understanding of how world literature serves as a way of expressing and resolving one’s personal conflicts Theme Explain how the elements specific to a selection build the theme of a particular Ask student to rewrite story using magical literarythe selection realism. Imagery Express appreciation for sensory images used Tone, Intention Determine tone, mood, technique, and purpose of the author British and American Lit 10 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Explain how a selection may be influenced by environment, oressay other factors Ask student toculture, write history, a creative nonfiction Theme Draw similarities and differences of the with monkeys and tortoises symbolizing the featured selections in relation to the theme Maranaos and the Tausugs, but with the Devices Explain the literary devices used conflicts resolved at the end. as a vehicle of expressing Theme Evaluate literature and resolving conflicts between and among individuals or groups Evaluate literature as a source of wisdom in expressing and resolving conflicts between individuals or groups, societies, and nature Context 10 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT Naisusulat ang sariling mitolohiya batay sa paksa ng akdang binasa Epic Ask student to Naisusulat paglalahad ng pananaw write a ang 20-minute monologue tungkol sa pagkakaiba-iba, pagkakatulad ng with either the monkey or the tortoise speaking. mga epikong pandaigdig Novel Naisasadula ang isang pangyayari sa tunay na buhay na may pagkakatulad sa mga piling pangyayari sa kabanata ng nobela Mediterranean Nailalahad nang malinaw sa isang simposyum Lit ang nabuong critique ng alinmang akdang pampanitikang Mediterranean Creative Naisasalaysay ang nabuong anekdota sa isang Writing diyalogo aside, soliloquy, o monolog Myth 10 COMPETENCY LEVEL CONTENT African Lit Persian Lit 10 El Filibusterismo Character COMPETENCY Naisusulat ang iskrip ng isang puppet show na naglalarawan sa tradisyong kinamulatan sa Africa at/o Persia Naisasalaysay ang magkakaugnay na mga pangyayari sa pagkakasulat ng El Filibusterismo Naisasagawa ang angkop na pagsasatao ng mga tauhan ng nobela Pasulatin ang estudyante ng isang maikling dula (30 minuto ang haba) na naglalarawan ng pagdalaw ng matsing at ng pagong kay Jose Rizal, habang sinusulat niya ang El Filibusterismo. LEVEL 11 CONTENT COMPETENCY 21st century Differentiate / Compare and contrast the literature from various 21st century literary genres and the the region ones from the earlier genres / periods, citing where the their elements, structures, and traditions school is based Infer literary meaning from literal language in relation to based on usage Ask student to rewrite and upload the story for the literature of Analyze the figures of speech and other Wattpad, Scribophile, other regions WritersCafe, literary techniques and Figment, devices in or the text other writing community. Explain the literary, biographical, linguistic, and sociocultural contexts and discuss how they enhance the text’s meaning and enrich the reader’s understanding LEVEL CONTENT 11 21st century literature from the region where the school is based in relation to the literature of other regions COMPETENCY Situate the text in the context of the region and the nation Explain the relationship of context with the text’s meaning Produce a creative representation of a literary text by applying multimedia skills Choose an appropriate multimedia format in interpreting a literary text Apply ICT skills in crafting an adaptation of a Ask student to rewrite literarythe textstory with Aldevinco as the setting. Do self- and/or peer-assessment of the creative adaptation of a literary text, based on rationalized criteria, prior to presentation LEVEL 11 CONTENT COMPETENCY 21st century Identify representative texts (originally literature of the written in the 21st century) and authors from world Asia, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Africa Explain the texts in terms of literary elements, genres, and traditions Situate the texts in the context of the region, nation, and the world Appreciate the cultural and aesthetic diversity Ask student to rewrite the story New York of literature of thewith world City or LondonasCompare the setting. and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and their elements, structures, and traditions from across the globe LEVEL 11 CONTENT COMPETENCY 21st century Distinguish the literary uses of language from literature of the the non-literary and understand their use as world well as the formal features and conventions of literature Identify the figures of speech and other literary techniques and devices in the text Explain the biographical, linguistic, and sociocultural contexts and discuss how they enhance the text’s meaning and enrich the Ask student to rewrite the story with Rizal as the reader’s understanding tortoise. Examine the relationship between text and context LEVEL 11 CONTENT COMPETENCY 21st century Understand literary meanings in context and literature of the the use of critical reading strategies world Produce a creative representation of a literary text by applying multimedia skills Choose an appropriate multimedia format in interpreting a literary text Apply ICT skills in crafting an adaptation of a literary text Do self- and/or peer-assessment of the Ask student to rewrite story using creativethe adaptation of a only literary text, based on images on PowerPoint without words. rationalized criteria, prior to presentation LEVEL CONTENT 11 21st century literature from the region where the school is based in relation to the literature of other regions COMPETENCY Identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to the contemporary Identify representative texts and authors from each region Value the contributions of local writers to the development of regional literary traditions Appreciate the contributions of the canonical Filipino writers to the development of Ask student to rewrite the story in the national literature style of Jhoanna Cruz. LEVEL CONTENT Immersion 12 COMPETENCY Join a company, organization, or workplace of professionals Ask students to read poems about conflict during an event sponsored by the Davao Writers Guild. Globe: 0917-904-0968 Smart: 0921-494-0472 Sun: 0933-489-4544 isaganicruz@ gmail.com This presentation can be downloaded from: http://kto12plusphilippines.com/
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