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Dojo Japanese 101
Basic Terminology:
dojo
gi / dogi
道場
着 / 道着
(どうじょう)
martial arts training
hall
(ぎ) /
O-tagai/tagai
seiza
(どうぎ)
uniform
お互い(おたがい) 正座 (せいざ)
1
mutual, reciprocal
sitting
correctly
shomen
rei
正面に礼
礼 (れい)
3
bow
(しょうめん)
front wall of the
dojo2
sensei
先生
sempai
先輩
shihan
師範
(せんせい)
teacher
(せんぱい)
senior student
(しはん)
master
instructor
mokuso
hajime
yame
黙想
始め (はじめ)
begin
止め (やめ)
stop
uke
tori
受け (うけ)
person who
receives the
action
取り (とり)
person who
performs the
action
(もくそう)
meditation
tatte
立って
(たって)
stand up
Bowing Commands:
Shomen ni rei.
Sensei ni rei.
Bow to front wall of Bow out of respect
dojo out of respect
for the instructor.
for the style.
Otagai ni rei.
Bow out of mutual
respect for each
other.
Directions:
mae
ushiro
hidari
migi
前 (まえ)
forward
後ろ (うしろ)
back
左 (ひだり)
left
右 (みぎ)
right
Numbers:
ichi
ni
san
shi
go
一 (いち)
one
roku
二 (に)
two
shichi
三 (さん)
three
hachi
四 (し)
four
kyu
五 (ご)
five
ju
六 (ろく)
six
七 (しち)
seven
八 (はち)
eight
九 (きゅう)
nine
十 (じゅう)
ten
1
Japanese-style, i.e. on your knees.
Literally translated sho means 'true' while men means 'face'. It is considered a place of honour in the dojo.
3
Literally means “show of gratitude.” “Ni rei” means “bow to…”
2
Basic Techniques:
uchi
tsuki
打ち (うち)
strike
突き (つき)
punch
Expressions:
Konnichiwa.
geri (or keri)
ukemi
蹴り
受け身(うけみ) 投げ (なげ)
breakfall
throw
(げり or けり)
kick
nage
Arigato gozaimashita.
O-negaishimasu.
今日は (こんにちは)
Hello.
有り難う御座いました
御願いします
Daijobu.
Go-kurosama deshita.
O-tsukaresama deshita.
大丈夫 (だいじょうぶ)
5
I’m alright.
御苦労様でした
御疲れ様でした
Ki o tsuke.
(ごくろうさまでした)
6
It was a great hardship (I
appreciate your efforts).
Osu / hai / ee.
(おつかれさまでした)
7
Thank you for your
tiredness from the effort.
Chigaimasu. (OR Chigau).
気を付け (きをつけ)
Stand at attention.
うす / はい / ええ
8
Yes.
違う (ちがう)
9
It’s different (or “No.”)
Mo ichido. (OR Mo ikkai).
Ki o tsukete.
Sayonara.
も一度 (もいちど)
One more time.
気を付けて (きをつけて)
Be careful.
左様なら (さよなら)
Good-bye.
4
(ありがとうございました) (おねがいします)
4
Thank you. (polite version)
I humbly request.
There is no exact translation for this expression. In a dojo, it is said before starting class and at some
places when you start training with a partner. It is said as a politeness.
5
If you say this like a question, you can ask someone of they are alright.
6
This is another expression that doesn’t have an exact translation. In a dojo, it is said at the end of a
training session as people are leaving.
7
This is another expression that doesn’t have an exact translation. In a dojo, it is said at the end of a
training session as people are leaving.
8
In some dojos, students respond to requests or questions from the sensei with an enthusiastic “osu,” which
is pronounced more like “oss” with very little emphasis on the ‘o’ sound. Outside the dojo, however,
people use “ee” or “hai” in every day conversation. Literally it means "to push."
9
People don’t usually use the word ‘no’ to say that something is not correct. This is what they say instead.
Training Concepts:
kiai
kime
tanden
気合 (きあい)
10
shout
kisoku
決め (きめ)
11
focus
bunkai
丹田 (たんでん) 残心 (ざんしん)
12
13
abdomen
remain alert
mushin
seishin
気息 (きそく)
abdominal
breathing
分解 (ぶんかい)
無心 (むしん)
(application/analysis) no mind
zanshin
精神 (せいしん)
spirit
Stances (tachikata):
Hand Attacks (tsuki-te):
seiken
shotei
haisho
empi
正拳
掌底
背掌
(せいけん)
regular fist
kote
(しょてい)
palm heel
nakadakaken
(はいしょ)
back hand
haito
えんぴ
elbow
小手
節中拳
背刃
(こて)
forearm
(なかだかけん) (はいと)
middle knuckle inside blade
fist
hand (akaridge hand)
10
tetsui
槌手
(てつい)
hammer
fist
While this is often translated to “shout” it has inner meaning alluding to the gathering of your ki (inner
energy).
11
The character in this word is also used in the word for “decide.”
12
This is considered to be your spiritual centre from which all your power emanates. Also called ‘hara.’
13
Literally “remaining mind.”