1. No category

How to Create a CV
&
Covering Letter
to address the person
specification
CC 10
Careers Centre
Introduction
In any application one of the most important aspects is to target the specific
job and show how you meet the employer’s requirements. Often these will be
laid out in the form of a job& person specification that shows essential and
desirable criteria. It is important in any application not to ignore the criteria laid
down. They should be addressed through the CV or application form and the
covering letter and show how your qualifications, skills and qualities meet
those required.
In doing this it is important to be direct and to use examples that reinforce
what you are saying and offer evidence for your relevant abilities.
Addressing a Person Specification
The following Person Specification is for a support officer with the strategic
partnership of a local government office. It is an example of the kind of
essential and desirable criteria that you might be sent within the application
pack for a job.
PERSON SPECIFICATION
Job Title: Partnership Support Officer (Local Government)
Ref:
Qualifications
E = Essential
D = Desirable
Identified by:
AF – application
form
I - Interview
Degree or be of graduate level ability (i.e. NVQ
Level 4)
E
AF
Knowledge of the principles of partnership
working.
D
AF / I
Knowledge of current issues facing local
government.
D
AF / I
Knowledge
Experience
Experience in a local authority or similar large
organisation.
E
AF / I
Experience of managing projects / programmes
of work
E
AF / I
Experience of budgetary control and
computerised systems
E
AF / I
Experience of working in a partnership setting
D
AF / I
Ability to undertake research projects and
report findings.
E
AF / I
Ability to work effectively as part of a team.
E
AF/I
Excellent communication and interpersonal
skills.
E
AF / I
E
AF / I
E
AF / I
E
AF / I
Skills and Abilities
Ability to manage a diverse workload
Ability to analyse and present information using
IT
software packages, including spreadsheets.
Special Requirements
Flexibility to attend evening meetings
Reading the application:
On receipt of your application the employer will:





Look at your application – either CV and covering letter or application
form if used.
Check through your application for each of the essential and desirable
criteria for the job.
Scan your application to see if you have mentioned that you have the
qualifications and skills they are looking for.
Look for evidence of how you have gained and used these skills in your
application.
Tick off (see the following grid) as appropriate when they are satisfied
that you have the skills and qualifications needed.
At the end of the process:

The candidates with the most ticks will be the candidates invited to the
next stage of the process – usually an interview.
Remember

If you do not mention that you have the skills or qualifications on your
forms or CV they will not guess you might have them! So check your
application always by going through the list on the person specification.
Shortlisting for interviews
An example of the grid used by employers when reading through applications
and shortlisting:
CRITERIA
Brown
ESSENTIAL
Degree/NVQ 4
Excellent
Communication
Ability to work as
part of a team
Ability to research
projects and report
findings
Excellent
Interpersonal Skills
Ability to analyse &
present information
using IT software
packages,
including
spreadsheets
Flexibility to attend
evening meetings
Ability to manage a
diverse workload
Experience in a
local authority or
similar large
organisation
Experience of
budgetary control
and computerised
systems
DESIRABLE
Knowledge of the
principles of
partnership
working.
Knowledge of
current issues
facing local
Evans
NAMES OF APPLICANTS
Green Smith Jones Davies
White
Allen
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government.
Experience of
working in a
partnership setting
TOTAL POINTS
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9
10
10
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6
8
6
9
7
Curriculum Vitae
What is a CV?
CV is an abbreviation of the Latin “Curriculum Vitae”, meaning “course of life”
– essentially life story. There are no hard and fast rules as to what you must
or must not include in a CV and, despite the number of books that say they
will provide you with it, the perfect CV does not exist. What is “perfect” for one
job may not be perfect for the next if it does not address the person and job
specification effectively. In this sense the perfect CV is the one that is tailored
to get you the interview for a specific job.
All CV’s are designed to be a record of relevant personal, educational and
work details. It is a marketing tool that can be used to inform and persuade
an employer that you are the right person for the job or course. A good CV
allows a potential employer to quickly see a broad outline of your
qualifications, experience and skills and make a judgment on whether you are
worth considering for interview. Often to do this they use a tailored shortlisting
grid that compares the detail that you provide to the criteria that they have
defined in the application details.
It is common for people to talk about “My CV” as if it was a single document
but there is strong evidence that the most effective CVs are those that are
tailored or customized for a specific career objective or job. You will probably
need slightly different CVs that target the areas to which you are applying to
and which you adapt according to specific needs. This may involve simply
changing the order in which information is presented in order to highlight
particular aspects of your background – relevant work experience, key skills
or aspects of your degree programme. On the other hand it may involve
representing the information that you offer to meet the needs of the potential
vacancy. This can take time but if it leads to the right opportunity for you then
it can be time well spent.
When do you need a CV?
Use a CV only:

When asked to do so by an employer or in the application details or
advertisement.

As part of a speculative application.

As part of the reply to an advertisement which asks for applications in
writing


When attending a Careers or Recruitment Fair.
If you are calling on an employer in person - either “on spec” or by
appointment following, perhaps, a speculative telephone call.
Who do you send your CV to?
If applying speculatively, Dear Sir/Madam can sound like a circular with little
evidence of commitment to the particular business, organisation or institution
to which you are applying. Thus it might be advisable to telephone the
company and get the name of the manager to whom you should address your
application. As an added benefit you may be able to speak to that manager as
part of the telephone call and prepare them for your enquiry. Always be
prepared to talk about yourself and the job – having a copy of your CV handy
when telephoning can help you to remember details that could be forgotten in
the stress of an unexpected contact.
Compiling a CV
The key to compiling a successful CV is to match yourself against the
requirements of the specific job so that the employer will be persuaded that
you have the skills and qualities that they need.
As a starting point:

Analyse the job and identify the key skills that are re required.
To do this read carefully the materials provided with the application
including the job description or person specification for the job (if
available). You need to analyse the skills and experience required and
match yourself to them. You could also find further information by:
 Reading general information about the career and what it involves.
The Careers Centre has numerous leaflets on a wide variety of
occupations. The internet is another source of obtaining company
and occupational information. Try, for example, the graduate career
profiles, which include further information sources, and the company
profiles that you can find on the Prospects website http://www.prospects.ac.uk
 Speaking to people who are working in the field either in the target
company or alternatively within a similar company.
 Try and analyse the job yourself, using your own experience and
thinking about the role, its responsibilities and the skills you would
need.

Analyse yourself – think about what skills you have gained from all areas
of your life. This can include:
 Academic Life – may include groupwork, producing reports, collecting
information or giving presentations etc.
 Work experience/previous employment – teamwork, communication,
numeracy skills etc.
 Leisure Activities – Travel experiences, sporting activities, clubs &
societies etc
 Hobbies/interests – Reading, membership of clubs, etc
 Home Life – Planning and organization of family, shopping, personal
finance etc.
Perhaps you might want to write down the skills and qualities you have and
match them up to those required by the employer. NB. We stress again that
if you have obtained a person/job specification detailing the skills and
qualities required, then you cannot afford to ignore any of these. These will
be the skills and qualities the employer will be looking for on your application.
If you do not offer the evidence that will show that you meet the set criteria,
then you are unlikely to proceed to the next stage of the application
procedure no matter how good your application seems.
Essentially, every CV and the covering letter that accompanies it must be
specifically designed and targeted to meet the criteria for the job. This
involves a lot of work but is worth it, if the result is the right job!
Content of a CV
A CV should be well-presented and interesting to read. It should flow in a
logical manner and demonstrate the way that you meet the essential
requirements of the job. A selection of the following typical criteria can form
the basis of the content.

Personal details – biographical information: name, address, telephone
and/or mobile number, e-mail address.

Career aims or personal profile – this could consist of a paragraph to
provide a broad overview of you as an individual to the employer. You
can clarify your career plans and highlight specific key skills or qualities.
There is evidence to suggest that personal profiles are falling out of
favour with employers and are used less. A career objective can be
effective in demonstrating that you are committed to a particular career,
however, it does need to be specific to the role for which you are
applying. An unrelated career objective could eliminate your CV without
it even being read.

Education and qualifications – it usual to use reverse chronology
which starts with your most recent qualification, as it gives the reader the
most recent exposure to what you are doing now.
It is normal to include details of the courses and qualifications that have
given you access to higher education secondary education, access
courses etc.
When including your degree or diploma course, it is a good idea to
include a brief description of modules relevant to the post. This might
also include a few details about your dissertation or project. Some
technical, scientific or academic jobs would expect you to give a detailed
breakdown of academic achievements.
Where your degree discipline is unrelated to the career you could also
think about the skills that you have used and developed through your
studies.

Employment/work experience – this can include permanent,
temporary, part-time and voluntary experience. Again start with the most
recent first or at least make sure that you highlight work experience that
is relevant to the job. There are 3 main ways of structuring this
information:
 List each job in turn and give a description of the key tasks and skills
you used and developed.
 List all the jobs briefly and their duties but follow this with a section
headed “Skills”, “Key skills” or “Skills Profile” which draws evidence
from your employment/work experience.
 If you have significant relevant experience, this could be listed
separately or more prominently than other work.
You need to experiment until you find the best approach for the specific
application.

Interests and Leisure Activities – this can include societies, clubs,
positions of responsibility, sports, music, drama. It is important to stamp
your personality on your CV and employers like to gain an insight into
your leisure time activity. Avoid a long list, it gives little indication of your
level of involvement, so instead of putting just “reading”, give some
indication of your favourite authors or types of books you enjoy. Be
prepared to talk about them at interview – the employer may share your
interest, want to know more or simply be using your interest as a way of
relaxing you.

Referees – it is normal to list two, one from University and the other a
current or recent employer. You should always use someone who
knows you well and ask them if you can use their name. You need to
include their name, job title, address, telephone number and e-mail
address.
If short of space you could include a line that says “References:
Enclosed” and enclose references clearly headed and neatly laid out on
a separate sheet.
Presentation, Layout and Style
It is important to note that there is no one way to set out a CV and you should
avoid simply copying a format and fitting in the information that you have to
offer. The presentation should suit the information that you want to give rather
than the other way around. Experiment with different styles and layout until
you find one that suits your purpose, and remember that this may vary when
you apply for different jobs or careers. However, remember that your CV
does need to be well-presented otherwise the message that it is sending out
about you can be a negative one!

Keep your CV to 2 sides maximum and print on one side of the paper
only.

Print it rather than photocopy. Laser printers usually give the best
quality

Use good quality paper – usually white but cream can be acceptable.

Proof-read carefully - check grammar, spelling etc and, where possible,
ask a friend to proof-read it before you send it out – it can be easier to
spot someone else’s errors rather than your own.

Font size should be either 11 or 12.

Headings should stand out – use bold and/or a slightly larger font size
than you use in the main text.

Be consistent in how you organize information ie. all details in reverse
chronological order, not education in reverse and work history in
chronological order.

Avoid using dense blocks of text, which may be difficult or time
consuming to read – the employer may miss important details. Also
avoid large blank areas that might suggest an inefficient use of space.

Space should be allocated according to the importance of the
information to your CV. For example, your degree or postgraduate
qualification is usually more important than your earlier or secondary
education and should occupy proportionally more space on the CV.

Remember that you can use the white space on the CV to direct the
reader’s eye to the key information you want them to see. Use space
wisely by thinking carefully about layout.
Special Circumstances

Increasingly you may be asked to send a CV electronically. The best
way to do this is to send your CV as an attachment to an email. This will
usually preserve the format of the CV and allow you to present the
information in the way that you intend. However, you may not be allowed
to send it as an attachment and if you send your CV within the body of
an e-mail, your layout will normally be lost. In this is case you could elect
to back up the text sent CV with a hard copy sent through the postal
system.

If you have a disability you might need some help with whether to
disclose your disability on your CV or covering letter. The Careers
Centre has produced a booklet entitled “Disclosing Disability”. Call into
the Careers Centre to obtain a copy or download a copy from Download
Zone of the Edge Hill careers website at:
http://www.edgehill.ac.uk/careers/DownloadZone/Booklets.htm

If you have large gaps in your educational or employment history you
may need help from a Careers Adviser to think of the best way of
accounting for these in a positive way.
CV Checklist
Once you have completed your CV – go through the following list to see if
your CV is ready to be sent to that employer!
Personal Details

Will the employer be able to contact you easily at your address? Is it
only a term time address?

Have you included your e-mail address, telephone and/or mobile
number.

Do your personal details account for no more than one third of the page?
Education

Have you started with your most recent qualification/education first?
Does your degree/postgraduate qualification take up more space than
your earlier qualifications?

Do you tell them a little about your degree course modules studies,
dissertation topic, highlighting relevant aspects?
Work Experience

Is there as broad a range of relevant experience as possible?

Is there more detail on your most relevant experience?

Make sure you have no unexplained gaps in your employment history?
Skills

Have you clearly demonstrated evidence of the skills outlined in the job
details?

Have you used examples to demonstrate these skills? You can use
evidence from any area of your background - academic studies, work
experience, voluntary work, leisure activities or home life.

If you are sending the CV speculatively, have you identified skills that
are needed for the chosen area of work?
Interests

Have you used this section to demonstrate examples of skills and
competencies that the employer is looking for?

Have you concentrated on a few interests rather than a long list?
References

Have you asked your referees for their permission to use their names
and talked to them about the jobs for which you are applying?

Can they be contacted easily? Have you included full contact details?
General

Has it been checked for spelling, grammar and correct use of language?

Does it fit on 2 pages without looking overcrowded?

Have you checked there are no gaps in your history?

Is the most relevant information given priority on the page in terms of
space?

Is it clear to read – fonts too small/large?

Do your sections clearly reflect the information within them?

Does it follow a consistent layout?

Is the paper you are using good quality?

Have you got a big enough envelope to send it in without folding?

Have you got a covering letter to send with it?
NB. Your CV may be read quickly by an employer. This could be for just 30
seconds. Would you be impressed with yours? Check by asking a critical
friend or colleague to read through the CV. Take it off them after 30 seconds
and then ask them what they know about you from the CV. If they start with
GCSEs or A-levels or information that is not relevant then you may need to
rethink your presentation.
On the following page is a Template of a CV that you might want to use as a
guide to possible sections. However, remember that your CV has to address
what the employer is looking for in terms of qualifications, skills and qualities.
Example of a poor CV:
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name:
Address:
John Clarke
180 Ormskirk Road
Ormskirk
Lancashire
L39 4SS
EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS
2001 – 2006
GCSE’s
2006 – 2008
A Levels
2008 – 2011
Ormskirk High School
Mathematics (A)
French (A)
Media Studies (A)
English Language (B)
General Science (B)
Chemistry (B)
Geography (B)
English Literature (C )
History (C )
Physics (E)
Skelmersdale College
French (C )
Psychology (B)
Accounts (E)
General Studies (F)
Edge Hill University
BA (Hons) Business Management
WORK EXPERIENCE
2005 – 2006
Hen & Chickens, Maghull
Pub work
Summer 2007
Camp Counsellor – USA
Summer 2008
Work Placement – Graphics company
ADDITIONAL SKILLS
Full clean driving licence
INTERESTS
Film, Football, Travel, Photography
REFEREES
Mrs Eileen White
Ormskirk Graphics
Long Lane
Ormskirk
Dr John Jones
Edge Hill University
St Helens Road
Ormskirk
Here are just some ideas on how it could be improved – you may think of
more.
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
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You do not need to put the title Curriculum Vitae (an employer will know
what it is!)
No telephone number, mobile, e-mail address
Look how much space GCSE’s are taking up compared to the degree –
tell them more about the degree. Avoid listing GCSEs vertically. Number
of GCSEs may be sufficient – add those required by the application e.g.:
maths, English and science for teaching applications.
Avoid putting grades below C in GCSE or E in A level unless it is
important for the job that you have studied the subject.
Use reverse chronology – put your degree first where it will catch the
employer’s attention.
Try to get work experience to begin on the 1st page.
Needs a lot more detail about the skills gained, dates etc. Also reverse
chronological order

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

Additional skills – if going to put this in make you have some – what
about IT skills, language skills or leadership.
Interests – avoid lists like this – try and tell them a bit more and how they
might be relevant to the skills needed for the job.
Referees – who are these people? – need job title.
Include telephone and e-mail details for referees.
Use the space that you have – a CV should be 2 pages not 1.5.
Example CVs
More examples of CVs follow. It should be noted that these are not included
as examples to be copied but to show some of the ways that CVs can be
presented. Your CV should be formatted to suit the presentation of the
information that will sell your skills and abilities appropriately to your target
employer.
It should be noted that some of the font sizes used on the examples are quite
small and it is not recommended that you use a font size smaller than11. If
you find that the information that you are adding to your CV requires a smaller
font in order to fit onto two pages then look at taking out some of the
information. Concentrate on showing the information that is most relevant to
your target job. Usually this will make the information easier to access and will
result in a better CV.
The first is the CV of an Edge Hill journalism student (name and contact
details changed) who is now working in commercial radio. It works effectively
by showing the breadth of relevant experience gained and the key skills
developed.
CV for a Media Job
Emily Baker
68 Park Road
Black Heath
Swinford
West Lancashire
L39 9BG
Home: (01695) 274 394 Mobile: 07789 328 278
E-mail: emily83*@ hotmail.com
“Award-winning Journalism graduate looking to build on my extensive experience.
At the age of 21, having worked in some of the top radio newsrooms in the country
I’m eager to be given an opportunity to impress further.”
Skills and Achievements

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High level of technical skills e.g. digital editing, operating the desk, ISDN
Interviews and cutting soundbytes.
Confident Interviewer. Interviews include: Olympic Gold Medallist Kelly
Holmes, England International Gareth Southgate and live interview with lead
singer of Reef, Gary Stringer
Accomplished at writing news copy, vox pops, meeting deadlines
On-air experience – presenting, match commentating and reporting, livephone ins and news reading
Off-air – producing shows, recording jingles, training young people in radio
skills, researching news and interviews.
th
Worked on award-nominated feature on 10 Anniversary of Jamie Bulger’s
death
Government backed Millennium Volunteers Certificate for voluntary radio
work
Media Experience
Aug 2011
Chorley Hospital Radio
Match Commentator/Reporter/Guest
Jul 2011
96.4FM New BRMB
Brindley Place, Birmingham
Jun 2011
100.7 Heart FM
Broad Street, Birmingham
Feb 2010
96.7 Radio City
Radio City Tower, Liverpool
Aug 2008Present
Observer Fans Network
Column in Sunday paper and website
Oct 2006May 2009
WolvesMAD Website
part of www.footymad.net
Oct 2005Present
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.
P.A. Assistant
Sep 2005
Telford FM
Stafford Park, Telford
Mar and
Aug 2005
Wolves TV (Broadcast on L!VE TV)
Colmore Circus, Birmingham
Jan 2005 Sep 2007
KIC FM (Kids In Communication)
Various Locations
Feb 2005
WCR (Wolverhampton Campus Radio)
Newhampton Street, Wolverhampton
Sep 2004Oct 2005
BBC WM Jenny Wilkes Evening Show
Pebble Mill, Birmingham
Jun 2003
95.6FM BBC WM
Pebble Mill, Birmingham
Education
2008–2011
Edge Hill University
BA (Hons) Journalism (Graduated with 2.2)
2006-2008
Stourbridge College, West Midlands
GNVQ Media Communication and Production Advanced
(Grade Achieved – Merit)
2000-2005
Kingswinford School, West Midlands
9 GCSE’s Grade A-C
General Work Experience
Jun 2010Present
Kwik Save Supermarkets
DJ for ‘Kwik Save Fun Days’
Jun 2009Present
Edge Hill University
ACE Days- Higher Education awareness raising for school
pupils, TV advert and photo shoot, Campus Tour Guide
Marketing Information Assistant
Summer School Night Supervisor
Nov 2005Jul 2008
Costcutter Supermarket
Sales Assistant
References
James Greenfield
Journalism Course Leader
Edge Hill University
St. Helen’s Road
Ormskirk
Lancs. L39 4QP
Billy Jackson
Sports Editor
100.7 Heart FM
Broad Street
Birmingham
B18 4LY
CV – traditional layout
Gary Johnson
Maple Cottage
Moss Lane
Newburgh
Lancashire
WN9 7ET
Tel: (Home) 01257 462330 (Mobile) 07798902115
Email: gaz123@hotmail.com
Dynamic business graduate with work experience in Human Resources, and
logistics. Keen to develop & utilise existing skills and knowledge to gain CIPD
qualification.
Education
2008-2011
Edge Hill University, Ormskirk
BSc (Hons) Business and Management Studies. Degree class: 2:1
Modules studied include: Managing Human Resource Relations,
Culture and Diversity, Change & Development, Small and Medium
Enterprise Management, Business Decision Making, Financial
Resource Management Information Technology.
Dissertation ‘What are the Motivational Aspects of the Payment
System at British Telecom’. Involved in depth research into the
company, observation analysis and interviews with employees.
Runcorn Sixth Form College, Halton
GNVQ Advanced Business Studies (Distinction). Units included:
Human Resources, Study of the Personnel Function, Business &
Legislation.
Broadway High School, Halton
Maths (C) English (C) English Lit (C) Dual Science (C,C)
Geography (C) Business studies (D) Food Technology (B) French (D)
Work Experience
2008-Present
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

Hartley Produce Ltd, Lancashire
Logistics co-ordinator.
Experience of:
Liaising with line managers requiring tact, diplomacy, supervisory skills
Evidence of teamwork, and time management in fast paced environment
Able to respond to emergencies quickly, able to work under stress
Variety of vacation jobs involving the preparation, packing and wholesale
distribution of fresh vegetables
Feb-Mar 2008



United Utilities, various UK locations
Four-week placement. Experience gained:
Working in fast paced call centre environment
Shadowing Human Resource managers, during E-learning program
Developed ability to oversee work of others and engage in direct helping
relationships with employees.
Mar 2007



United Utilities, Warrington, Cheshire
Two-week placement. Duties included:
Dealing with internal and external customers
Coordinating activities with members of staff to meet strict deadlines
Responsibility for the co-ordination of customer requirements,
marketing
Nov 2005- Jul 2006
White Lion, Runcorn
Skills gained:

Ability to work in a team

Time management & reliability

Working in a pressurised environment
and
Kitchen porter
Additional skills
Computing
I.T literate in various computer packages including Word
processing, spreadsheets (Excel), and graphics, mind mapping
applications as well as PowerPoint and Microsoft Outlook.
Competent in the use of Internet and intranet.
Communication
As a course representative I have significantly developed my
communication skills. By attending meetings to discuss issues
raised by fellow students I was able to provide a point of
contact liaising with academic staff. This required the ability to
communicate tactfully and effectively.
Driving
Full, clean licence
Interests
Aid in the running of a local Saturday morning children’s
football event, involves working with young people and taking
responsibility in a team leader role. Playing and watching a
variety of sports; captain and organiser of a six-a-side football
team; devoted fan of the cinema; socialising with friends.
References
Dr Alison Smith
Head of Business School
Edge Hill University
St Helens Road
Ormskirk,
Lancashire L39 4QP
Email: smitha@edgehill.ac.uk
David Handlow
Dispatch manager
Hartley Produce Ltd,
Park Lane,
Parbold,
Lancashire WN9 6JJ
Skills based CV (note comment in previous section about font size)
Angela Smith
18 Liverpool Road
Southport
PR8 5ZZ
Tel: 01704 22222222
e-mail smitha190@hotmail.com
Final year history student, with substantial work and supervisory experience,
seeking to use varied background in a sales/marketing role.
Key skills
Team working



Telesales experience involved considerable co-operation in working towards joint goals,
supporting group members to exceed set targets for summer period by over 30%.
Worked in teams on research assignments at university, including producing team reports
and presentations to share knowledge with seminar groups – managed workload and
supported other team members to achieve effective results.
As a member of the Residence social committee teamwork was vital to organise termly
events that encouraged social interaction. I took responsibility for equipment and
transport arrangements.
Communication



Required to write several essays each semester on module related topics consistently
achieving high grades.
Submitted monthly reports while at Waterstones covering order placement and
supervisory issues
Composed and researched an 8,000-word dissertation on the Poor Law, presenting
some of the findings to a year group of my peers and tutors. Received First class
assessment.
Problem-solving


Final year dissertation involved identifying record sources that annotated the effect of the
Poor Law on local communities and establishing effective contacts that would allow
access to those records.
While at Waterstones developed a database of customer ordering responses and
contacts that automatically alerted staff of potential customer service issues.
Leadership



Secretary of the Ski Club for two years. Involves scheduling meetings and managing the
Society’s paperwork and correspondence.
Achieved the Duke of Edinburgh Gold Award during sixth form. This helped to develop
my leadership as well as my communication and organisation skills.
Committed member of local history society for six years. Numerous responsibilities,
including recording and collection of subscriptions, working on committee that set
agendas for weekly meetings, monthly talks and organised social events.
IT skills


Fully familiar with Windows and Windows-based programs, including Word, Excel,
Powerpoint and Access.
Experienced in the use of databases and internet based research systems.
Education
2008 to 2011
Edge Hill University
BA History. Expected classification: 2.1
Modules included: 20th Century European History,
Women’s History 1800-present and Crime & Society
1750-1900, Researched and prepared dissertation
on “The Poor Law”
2001 to 2008
Range High School, Formby
A-levels: History (A), English Lang & Lit (A), French
(B)
10 GCSEs: grades A to C, including Mathematics
and English
Work experience
Summer 2010
Retail Assistant, Waterstones Ltd., Southport
Responsibilities included training new staff, customer
liaison on ordering desk and deputy supervisor role.
2009-2010
Waitress, Bay Horse, Formby
High-level customer service skills developed in
pressurised environment.
Summer 2009
Retail Assistant, W.H.Smith, Liverpool
Demonstrated flexibility by working variable shifts at
short notice.
Summer 2008
Telesales, Manweb, Warrington
Worked effectively as part of a team that exceeded
sales target for period by over 30%
Additional information



Duke of Edinburgh Gold Award – achieved during sixth form.
Have developed conversational French through regular visits to France.
Active member of Hall of residence social committee, organising charity fundraising
events and day trips.
References
Dr A. Watson
Department of History
Edge Hill University
St Helen’s Road
Ormskirk
Lancashire
Telephone 01695 575171
e-mail a.watson@edgehill.ac.uk
Ms B. Ford
Waterstones
Lord Street
Southport
PR9 OAJ
Telephone 01704 570066
e-mail: fordb@waterston.co.uk
(CV – Mature student who has large gaps in work history)
Barbara Wood
167 Liverpool Road
Ormskirk
Lancashire
L39 4QP
Tel: 01695 628143
Email: woodb@hotmail.com
CAREER AIMS
Social Science graduate specialising in Criminology, wishing to enter a career in
Youth and Community work. I have undertaken modules in Community
Development, coupled with relevant experience in a Youth Club and with the Citizens
Advice Bureau I have developed many skills to enable me to work within the local
community.
EDUCATION
2008 – 2011
Edge Hill University
BA (Hons) Criminology with Social
Psychology
This course involved options in criminology,
crime deviance and social policy and social
psychology. My dissertation looked at the
relationship between poverty and youth
offending.
2007 – 2008
Preston College
Access to Higher Education Course
Women’s Studies and Psychlogy.
Stage B Units in Women’s Studies (65%),
English (70%)
2006 -2007
Preston College
Stage A Units in English and Maths
Certificate in Counselling Skills
1988 – 1989
St Joseph’s RC High
School, Preston
(Night School course)
GCE - ‘O’ level
English (C) , French (A), History (B)
1975 – 1980
St Mary’s RC
Secondary School,
Preston
GCE ‘O’ level
Home Economics (C )
EXPERIENCE
Planning and
Organisation

As an active member of a school parent teacher
association I am often involved in the planning and
organisation of fund-raising events such as Fairs
and social events.

I need to plan my time well to fit in busy family
demands with college commitments.
Communication Skills
Leadership
Problem Solving

My voluntary work at the CAB one morning per
week brings me into contact with people from
diverse backgrounds with whom I need to quickly
establish rapport to be able to help them.

Four years of working within the Lancashire
Library Service between 1977-81 in a variety of
roles but all in direct contact with the public,
required excellent communication skills. I also
wrote a monthly newsletter of new titles into the
library.

My course has involved giving presentations to
both small and large groups. It has made me
realise the need to be concise and clear when
getting specific information across and increased
my confidence to work in large groups.

As a Course representative I liaise between staff
and students on course related issues, a position
requiring tact, diplomacy but a degree of firmness
too.

I assist a local Youth Club and have led sessions
relating to particular interests of mine including
recently setting up a silk painting workshop.

As the mother of two teenage daughters I often
need to deal with a variety of problems at the
same time whilst maintaining a sense of humour.

Part of my psychology project involved conducting
an attitude survey, analysing data and creating an
appropriate database to handle information. Some
technical and people related problems did arise
throughout but were rectified to take the project to
its conclusion.
INTERESTS AND ADDITIONAL SKILLS





Active member of local community group – Treasurer 2000/2001
I design clothes for myself and also have a keen interest in other handicrafts for
relaxation
Involvement in active sports with the family, including badminton, swimming
and squash
Keen theatre-goer and have recently taken up the piano
I enjoy driving – toured Italy and France by car as last year’s holiday.
REFERENCES:
Available on request or Enclosed
SKILLS-BASED CV (Taken from University of London Careers Services Booklet, “How to write a
CV”)
Marie Sarah BISHOP
75 Weald Road, West Brisley
Kettering, Northants, NN19 8RV
Telephone 01908 117324
Email sarah.bishop@demon.co.uk
Education
2008 - 2011
University of Filchester
BSc in Biology: 2.1 class obtained
Including
Statistical techniques
Freshwater ecology
Computing techniques
Microbiology
Genetics
Immunology
Project
Effect of water pollution on growth rates in two species of
seaweed:
Literature survey
Field research
Statistical analysis
40 page report
Also founder member and IT officer for the University Biology Society
1994 - 2001
St David’s School, Burlington, Northampton
1989: A levels
Biology B, Chemistry D, Geography D
1987: GCSEs
Passes (A-C) in nine subjects including Maths and English
Work Experience
Full Time
2005 - 2008
2001 - 2005
Water Unlimited PLC, Harrow, Middlesex
Marketing Assistant for a manufacturer/importer of water treatment equipment
Job involved
Liaising with suppliers and customers
Organising mail shots to prospective customers
Representing company at trade fairs
TGS Construction, Speedway House, Wembley, Middlesex
Administrative Assistant for a firm of building contractors
Job involved
Responsibility for running the office in the absence of
management
Maintaining database of customers
General office duties
Part time and Voluntary
2002 – date
St Theresa’s Church, Harrow, Middlesex
Sunday school teacher
Duties
Talking to groups of children – and hopefully keeping their
interest!
2008 - 2011
Waitrose, Main Road, Filchester
Cashier and warehouse assistant
Duties
Stocking the shelves and keeping the customers satisfied
SKILLS – BASED CV: Skills discussed in paragraphs
Skills acquired
Analytical and
Problem-solving
As part of my degree studies I regularly had to take a problem, whether
theoretical or practical, identify the key components and find a logical,
systematic solution. My project and dissertation required a high degree of
numeracy and analysis of data using statistical techniques.
Computing
During my work experience I gained a good knowledge of Microsoft Word,
Excel, Access and PowerPoint. As IT Officer for the University Biology Society
I was responsible for updating its web pages and membership database.
Written
Communication
I developed good writing skills through preparing formal reports of experiments
for my degree, taking minutes of meetings of the Biology Society and drafting
correspondence as an administrative officer at TGS
Oral
Communication
At university I have given talks and presentations to groups of students, and as a
Sunday school teacher I have taught a class of twenty children, preparing
materials and lesson plans beforehand. This taught me the importance of
selecting suitable material for my audience and using appropriate language. At
Water Unlimited I discussed both technical and business matters with a wide
variety of customers.
Interpersonal
At Waitrose I worked with the public in a busy, often pressurised, situation,
dealing with enquiries and complaints; at TGS I dealt with customers over the
telephone and also greeted clients and sales representatives at reception; at Water
Unlimited I met people at trade fairs and exhibitions, where I had to form
business relationships with them and also persuade them. All this developed my
ability to relate effectively to wide range of people.
Teamwork
At university I was one of a team of four people who founded the University
Biology Society. Between us we organised fundraising events, marketed the
club to students and arranged monthly meetings.
Work Style
I am used to working under pressure and meeting deadlines, in my work and
academic studies. In both full time jobs, I frequently handled several tasks at
once, a skill I also used at university, when combining studies, part time job, and
setting up the new Biology Society. These different roles taught me to be
efficient and organised in my daily affairs. When setting up the society, I had to
be very proactive; a quality also needed in my marketing job with Water
Unlimited.
Business
Awareness
Having had two jobs, spanning seven years, in a commercial environment, I am
aware of the realities of working in a business – in particular, the need to make a
profit and to keep costs down. I have had experience of sales and marketing, in
my job with Water Unlimited, and experience in handling office routines
efficiently, in my job with TGS
Interests
I enjoy listening to many types of music and keep up to date with developments
in hi-fi technology through magazines and exhibitions. I am also a keen amateur
photographer and ornamental fish breeder.
Referees
Available on request
Outline of a skills- based CV (taken from get.2009 www.get.hobsons.co.uk)
Your name
Your address
Your phone number
Your e-mail
Education
Your university
Your degree and class obtained
September 2006 – present
Explain how your course is relevant to the job you are applying for. Give a general
overview or highlight the relevant modules. State your dissertation topic or project
title.
Your secondary school
You’re A-levels or equivalent
eg Business Studies (C), Economics (D)
September 2004 –June 2006
Your GCSEs
Possibly including grades eg. nine GCSEs (A*-C) September 2002 –June 2004
Employment/work experience
Service Assistant, Hal’s Restaurant, Birmingham
Explain your responsibilities and skills gained
October 2006 – present
Sales Assistant, Shoe Retailer, Wolverhampton December 2005 – July 2006
Mention any skills gained that haven’t already been covered
Maintenance Person, Camp Chipinew,
Pennsylvania, USA
June 2005 – August 2005
Sometimes vacation jobs or work in unusual places can make
a candidate stand out from the crowd.
Agency Worker, Various Agencies, Birmingham
July 2004 – January 2005
Summarise or group jobs together if they are not relevant
Or you have had so many you cannot list them all.
Interests
Highlight any team sporting activities, hobbies or work in the community. These
show you have a life outside work and study.
Referees
Have you got room? If so, add in the name, address, phone number and e-mail of
two referees. It is usual to give one academic referee and one employer referee. If
you haven’t got room here, simply put ‘References available on request’.
You could incorporate a skills profile into your CV. This is particularly useful if you
don’t have any relevant employment, as you can describe the skills you have
developed through other activities. You should include personal details, education
history and referees as usual.
Skills
Organisation
Highlight and draw together the relevant skills you have gained
from other aspects of your life, eg academic and social activities
Communication
Tell the employer about activities which prove you are an ideal
candidate. Remember, the employer does not know anything
about you or the experiences you have had that make you well
suited for their post. Think about relevant course assignments,
projects, etc.
Numeracy
Choose skills appropriate to the job for which you are applying
and put them in order of priority for the job. Look at the job
description or the advert; these may tell you about the employer’s
priorities.
Leadership
Don’t waffle but provide a factual example of a situation when you
have applied the skill or quality you are trying to describe
Presentation
Demonstrate good presentation in the CV. Putting something like
‘excellent team working skills, numeracy and communication skills
gained through course assignments’ is not factual and rather
vague. Compare it to the statement below:
Teamwork
‘Organised a fashion show with four course colleagues. Involved
in delegating tasks to group members, setting clear objectives and
deadlines, and meeting regularly to monitor our progress. I was
responsible for the financial management of the vent, booking the
venue and negotiating the price. The event was a success and
attended by over 70 people, raising £500 for charity.’
Decision-making
Briefly describe circumstances where you needed to make a quick
decision, outline what it involved, the skills applied, and the
outcome.
Time-management
Give examples of different situations which have developed timemanagement skills. Use complete sentences and keep each
section fairly brief, usually no more than three or four lines.
Problem-solving
If possible, start each section with a strong, proactive word, such
as ‘negotiated’, ‘led’, or ‘organised’. Alternatively, use the job
description to find out about the key skills or activities involved in
the job.
Computing skills
Give examples of the software you have used.
Covering Letters
Apart from a situation where you are handing over a CV personally such as at
a Recruitment Fair or during a visit to a potential employer, all CVs and
application forms usually need to be accompanied by a covering letter.
The content and length will vary as well-designed application forms may allow
you to say all you wish, but a covering letter accompanying a CV can draw
together and highlight the relevant facts included in your CV and persuade an
employer that you are suitable for the job. However, avoid making the
employer work too hard to get to the information that tells them that they want
to speak to you – keep the covering letter direct and concise.
Important considerations:

Use plain A4 sized good quality paper

Write on one side of the paper only

Word-process and print out the letter – unless the employer specifically
asks for a handwritten letter.

Avoid grammatical and spelling errors – remember to proofread – spell
checkers will not pick up words spelled correctly but used incorrectly
(e.g. there for their or vice versa) Also remember that most spell
checkers on computers are American in origin and will use American
versions of spelling.

Address it to a named person rather than “Graduate Recruitment Officer”
or “Head of Personnel”. Telephone the company if in doubt of the name
to use.
If you do write to a named person, then end your letter with “Yours
sincerely”, if you have to begin with Dear Sir/Madam, then end with
“Yours faithfully”.

You should try to capture the reader’s attention but be concise.
Remember that you are selling you relevant abilities to a potential
employer, so focus on the qualifications, skills and attributes that they
want in a recruit.

You need to “convey a positive attitude” – again remember you are
marketing yourself. Also remember that you are selecting the information
and can avoid highlighting factors that may be taken negatively. For
example, “Although I have no experience in this field my work in has
developed …” The employer will be able to judge the experience that
you have from the CV – concentrate on what you do have to offer.
Structure of the letter
First paragraph


Identify why you are writing - what job you are applying for, how you
heard about it and what you are including with the letter (completed
application form, CV?)
Perhaps a brief summary of your key “selling points”.
Middle paragraphs
These should address the two main themes of:


Why the employer should want to speak to you.
Why you want to join the organisation and do that particular job.
This can include:

Dealing with any negative aspects of your application – i.e. Any gaps, or
poor A-level results, but remember you are marketing yourself, so this
need to be written as positively as possible.

Highlighting relevant work experience, skills or showing the relevance of
your course.

If you have undertaken research on the company, find a way of telling
them. Phrases such as :
“As you can see from my CV …………….”
“I am attracted to working for you because …………….”
“My main skills include ………….”
“My studies have included …………….”
“I have relevant experience of ……………../ relevant modules
include……………”
Last paragraph
This is a last chance to try and sell your skills, experience etc to the employer.

Summarise your suitability

Mention you would be delighted to expand on your skills if called for
interview.

End the letter on a polite and positive note.
Useful phrases can include:
“I look forward to meeting you to discuss my application in more detail.”
“I would be delighted to expand more at interview ……………”
”I am happy to supply any further details you require…………..”
“I look forward to hearing from you …………..”
“As you can see from the above…………”
Final points

Proof read for spelling and typographical errors – these are only too easy
to miss and can affect the perception of your application hugely.

Make sure you have addressed the job description and person
specification if you have received one. See the section above on
addressing the person specification.

If you have not received a reply within 2/3 weeks you could follow this up
with a telephone call to check that your letter has been received and its
progress in the system. If you have not been shortlisted then ask for
feedback.
On the next few pages are examples of covering letters:

A standard format

A covering letter to enclose with a CV

A covering letter to enclose with a comprehensive application form

A covering letter you might write to apply for a job on spec – with a CV
enclosed.
Standard format
Your address
16th July 2011
Mrs. A Jones
Graduate Recruitment Manager,
Elsewhere Bank plc,
39 High Street,
Manchester
Dear Mrs Jones
I am writing in response to your advertisement in Prospects Finalist to
apply for the position of Graduate Trainee and I enclose my CV for your
consideration.
I first became interested in retail banking during an "Outlook" programme
that I attended during my second year at University. Since then, discussion
with my careers adviser and my own research have confirmed my belief
that this is a career which will enable me to use not only my interest in
business and finance but also my skills in working with people, both in an
advisory and a managerial capacity.
A career with Elsewhere Bank particularly interests me because of the high
reputation of your graduate training scheme within our university, and the
commitment your website indicates towards giving new recruits early
responsibility.
During my time as a student I have had a variety of part-time and vacation
jobs, all of which have required me to work as part of a team and to deal
directly with the public. I found my work at the Tourist Information Office
particularly valuable in teaching me the importance of ascertaining
customers' needs and providing clear and accurate information in response
to those needs.
As part of my degree course, I chose to carry out a final-year project, which
involved a statistical analysis of 150 questionnaires sent to local
employers. To process this information, I taught myself to set up and use a
database and felt great satisfaction in completing this project well ahead of
the end-of-term deadline. Although my overall degree result was a 2.1, this
particular piece of work was awarded a First.
I am available for interview at any time apart from the 12 - 24 August when
I have arranged a holiday abroad and I look forward to meeting you in the
near future.
Yours sincerely
John Smith
John Smith
Covering Letter for a job with CV enclosed
180 Ormskirk Road
Ormskirk
Lancashire
L39 4SS
Ms E Smith
Head of Graduate Recruitment
Joe Bloggs & Co
24 Liverpool Road
Liverpool
L1 6ET
24 March 2011
Dear Ms Smith
Further to your job advertisement for a Marketing Assistant in the “Liverpool
Echo” on Thursday 26 March 2009, please find enclosed my CV as
requested.
You will note from my CV that I shall graduate in the summer with a Business
Management degree (2.1 forecast) having studied relevant marketing options
giving me substantial exceptions from the Institute of Marketing examinations.
You will also find that I have gained experience in a small company as part of
the Shell Step Programme where I gained valuable experience in identifying
market sectors and potential markets for the company. My final presentation
to our Senior Manager was much appreciated and they have in fact
developed some of my recommendations with beneficial effects for the
company.
My interest in your company was ignited when I read a local newspaper
article, highlighting your continued success and outlining your vision for the
21st century. Having read your recruitment literature, I can see that the
training programme will enable me to develop my skills and become an
effective member of your staff.
I would welcome the opportunity to discuss my application further and I am
available for interview at your convenience.
Yours sincerely
John Clarke
Covering letter for job where there is substantial information already on an
application form
180 Ormskirk Road
Ormskirk
Lancashire
L39 4SS
24 March 2011
Ms E Smith
Head of Graduate Recruitment
Joe Bloggs & Co
24 Liverpool Road
Liverpool
L1 6ET
Dear Ms Smith
Further to your advertisement for a Marketing Assistant in the “Liverpool
Echo” on Thursday 26 March 2009, please find enclosed my completed
application form as requested.
You will note from my application that I will graduate in the summer with a
Business Management degree – 2.1 predicted. I will also be eligible for
substantial exceptions from the Institute of Marketing examinations.
I have gained experience of working in the Marketing field during my last
vacation when I was selected to take part in the Shell Step Project. As the
result of my work the Senior Managers of the company who are now using my
ideas congratulated me. If you require any further information, please do not
hesitate to contact me.
I am available for interview at your convenience and look forward to hearing
from you.
Yours sincerely
John Clarke
Covering letter for job – speculative
99 Anytown Road
Ormskirk
Lancashire
L39 4QL
Mrs J Jones
Manager – Childsplay
Summer Scheme Project
St Johns School
Wigan
WN1 4BX
14 March 2011
Dear Mrs Jones
I am currently in my second year at Edge Hill University, studying for a BA
(Hons) degree in Childhood and Youth Studies and I am writing to ask
whether you will have any summer jobs available working at the Children’s
Playscheme. I enclose my CV for your perusal.
Over the past few years I have gained a great deal of experience in
working with young people. I work voluntarily as a Youth Work Assistant
at my Church Youth Club and as part of my degree course, I have also
undertaken a placement in a primary school with children in Year 4. I have
also gained experienced working in the USA as a Camp Counsellor last
summer, where I was responsible for a group of young people of 11/12
years of age. I also gained experience of organising activities in sport,
drama and other pursuits as part of the course.
I am reliable and trustworthy as my final report, a copy of which is
available on request, from my Camp supervisors demonstrates.
I am aware that the Children’s Playscheme has been running for a number
of years very successfully in the neighbourhood. Some of the children I
spoke to on placement at school had used the scheme and enjoyed it
immensely. I would like very much to use my skills and experience to help
maintain its excellent reputation.
I am available for interview at your convenience. If you require any further
details please do not hesitate to contact me.
Yours sincerely
Christine Evans
Conclusion:
Although it may seem so there should be nothing daunting about writing your
CV or covering letter. There are no hard and fast rules, merely guidelines that
will hopefully provide you with a basis from which to develop your own
individual “marketing tool”. It is not a process to be taken lightly and it can
take time while you do the research and match your “selling points” to the
employer’s requirements. However, it is time well spent if it means that you
are successful in landing the interview that will get you the post that you want.
Resources:
The Download Zone of the careers website www.edgehill.ac.uk/careers
contains a link to useful videos for current students of Edge Hill. (You will
need to enter your normal Edge Hill login details to view these videos as they
are protected under special licence) In the Video section called ‘Journey to
Work’ there is a short film about CVs and applications.
There are also numerous books and web sites on how to construct a CV and
covering letter – here are just a few:
http://www.prospects.ac.uk/links/appsinterviews
http://targetjobs.co.uk/general-advice/applications-and-cvs.aspx
http://www.grb.uk.com/graduate_job_advice.0.html
Books available in the LRC
Career Networking Employability - How to Get your Career on the Right
Track 1998
Readymade Job Search Letters . Lynn Williams, 2009
The Art of Building Windmills – Peter Hawkins
How to get that Job! – Rebecca Corfield 2004
Brilliant CV: What employers want to see and how to say it – Jim Bright &
Joanne Earl 2005
Why you? Cv messages to win jobs – John Lees 2007
Killer CVs and hidden approaches – Graham Perkins 2007
Preparing your own CV – Rebecca Corfield 2004
Ultimate CV – Martin Yate 2008
Updated Sue Norris July 2011
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