1. science
2. phyiscs
3. atomic physics

archived as http://www.stealthskater.com/Documents/Pitkanen_84.doc
(also …Pitkanen_84.pdf) => doc pdf URL-doc URL-pdf
more from Matti Pitkänen is on the /Pitkanen.htm page at doc pdf
URL
note: because important websites are frequently "here today but gone tomorrow", the following was
archived
from
http://matpitka.blogspot.com/2012/04/how-to-build-quantum-computerfrom.html#comments April 13, 2012. This is NOT an attempt to divert readers from the
aforementioned website. Indeed, the reader should only read this back-up copy if the updated
original cannot be found at the original author's site.
how to build a Quantum Computer from Magnetic Flux Tubes
by Dr. Matti Pitkänen
TGD
Postal address:
Köydenpunojankatu 2 D 11
10940, Hanko, Finland
E-mail: matpitka@luukku.com
URL-address: http://tgdtheory.com
(former address: http://www.helsinki.fi/~matpitka )
"Blog" forum: http://matpitka.blogspot.com/
Magnetic flux tubes play a key role in the TGD-inspired model of Quantum-Biology. Could the
networks of magnetic flux tubes containing dark particles with large hbar in Macroscopic quantum states
and carrying beams of dark photons define analogs of electric circuits? This would be rather cheap
technology since no metal would be needed for wires. Dark photon beams would propagate along the
flux tubes representing the analogs of optical cables and make possible communications with maximal
signal velocity.
I have actually made much more radical proposal in TGD-inspired Quantum-Biology. According to
this proposal, flux tube connections are dynamical and can be changed by reconnection of 2 magnetic
flux tubes. The signal pathways A→C and B→D would be transformed to signal pathways to A→D
and B→C by reconnection. Reconnection actually represents a basic stringy vertex. The contraction of
magnetic flux tubes by a phase transition changing Planck constant could be fundamental in biocatalysis
since it would allow distant molecules connected by flux tubes to find each other in the molecular
crowd.
DNA as a topological quantum computer is the idea that I have been developing for 5 years or so.
I have concentrated on the new physics realization of braids and devoted not much thought to how the
quantum computer problems might run in this framework. I was surprised to realize how little I knew
about what happens in even ordinary computation. Instead of going immediately to Wikipedia, I take
the risk of publicly making myself look like a fool and try to use my own brain.
A. What can one learn from ordinary computer programs
One could begin with the question what happens in classical computation. How the program is
realized and how it runs. The notion of the Turing machine represents an extreme abstraction
mentioning nothing about the technical side and does not help much in attempts to answer these
questions.
1
The Turing paradigm also assumes that program is a temporal sequence of operations. These
operations could however correspond to linear spatial sequences. Inputs and outputs in this case would
correspond to boundary values at the ends of the linear structure. This requires that the dynamics is such
that evolution in spatial direction is analogous to a deterministic time evolution. In this case, it is much
easier to imagine biological realizations of quantum computer programs in the TGD-inspired bio-world.
To develop concrete ideas, one can start from the picture provided by ordinary computer program.
1. Programs consist of temporal/spatial sequences of commands and commands represent basic
functions from which one can build more complex functions by the composition of functions
having some numbers of input and output arguments. The eventual output variable can be
expressed by printing of a piece of text or as an image in the computer screen. Each step in the
program corresponds to a composition of functions: fn+1= gn+1 o fn. There is some minimal set
of primitive/prime functions from which one builds up more complex functions by
composition.
2. How is this realized at the level of hardware? One can assume that the basic functions are at
some fixed places in the computer memory having addresses given by integers represented as
bit sequences. This address represents the command (a name of the function). The names for
input variables and output variables are bit sequences giving the addresses of the places
containing the values of these variables. The program is a sequence of commands represented
as bit sequences giving the address of the function to be computed at a given step and the
addresses of inputs and outputs.
As the processing unit reads the command, it
generates/activates connections from the addresses of inputs to the address representing the
function and from this address to the addresses of outputs.
Essentially the challenge is to reconnect, build/activate connections. An interesting
question is whether learning as strengthening of synaptic connections is one particular example
of this process.
3. How the sequence of bits representing command address is realized? As the processing unit
reads the address of command, it should automatically create/activate a connection from this
address to the command address. The connections from the processing unit to the addresses
could exist physically as wirings.
4. It is not necessary that program is dynamical so that the inputs and outputs would be initial and
final values of variables. Inputs and outputs could also correspond to values of variables at the
ends of a linear structure. In topological quantum computation, space-like entanglement would
represent superposition of input-output pairs characterizing a function as a rule with instances
represented as instances appearing in the superposition.
If this picture is roughly correct, re-connection would be the basic process. Reconnection is the
basic process for magnetic flux tubes and ADP↔ATP has been assigned to this process with ATP
molecule serving as a relay activating the flux tube connection. Maybe ADP-ATP process (which is
usually seen as a basic step of metabolism) could be seen as the core step for quantum computation
performed by Living matter. One expects that the presence ATP makes the rule represented by
negentropic quantum entanglement conscious.
B. Quantum computation magnetic flux tubes as connections
2
Now consider quantum computation taking place in a circuitry having magnetic flux tubes as wires
and some bio-molecules of groups of them as units defining prime functions. DNA as a topological
quantum computer could be taken as a starting point. The outcome of quantum computation is
determined statistically as ensemble average so that a large number of copies of the program should be
present and realized in terms of groups of cells or molecules connected by braidings if the quantum
computation is space-like. This option seems more natural than time-like quantum computation realized
as a 2-D liquid flow of lipids in the lipid layers of the cell membrane.
1. The hardware
Consider first the hardware of topological quantum computation using space-like braids.
a. Magnetic flux tubes would represent the wires along which inputs and outputs travel in the
case of classical computation or dynamical quantum computation. In the case of space-like
topological quantum computation, entanglement is between the ends of the flux tubes.
b. Variables could be represented in many manners. For space-like quantum computations, they
could correspond to spin states of dark electrons at flux tubes or to polarization states of
dark electrons at the flux tubes. In the original model of DNA as a topological quantum
computer, quarks and antiquarks where proposed as a representation of genetic codons.
This quite science-fictive option could make sense in the TGD Universe since TGD
predicts scaled versions of QCD like dynamics and presence of elementary particles in
several p-adic scales and in scales dictated by value of Planck constant for given p-adic
length scale.
The spin states of an electron pair has been proposed as one possible representation of the
4 genetic codons. Quantum variables would be represented by qubit sequences and the
measurement of qubit would give a bit sequence characterizing the classical value of the
variable. Bio-molecules would be natural places for storing the values of the variables. For
dynamical computations, the values of variables could be transmitted using dark photons.
c. There would exist basic processing units calculating the prime functions from which more
complex functions would be obtained as composites. Basic units could correspond to biomolecules. In the case of classical computation, the inputs to molecules and outputs from
them would travel along the flux tubes. In quantum computation, these signals could be
used to control the initial values of the variables. Molecules could also serve as gates for
quantum computation.
2. Representation of programs
The basic program units in the case of quantum computation would be represented by
braidings.
a. If the ends of braid strands are able to move freely when needed, it becomes possible to rewrite programs. Lipid layers of cell membrane can be in liquid crystal state so that these are
ideal for this purpose. The time-like braiding resulting from lipid flow and representing
running topological quantum computation program would induce space-like braiding
representing space-like topological quantum computation or a rule. A particular quantum
computer program represented as space-like braiding of the flux tubes would result as
liquid crystal melts for a moment and freezes again.
3
The process in which proteins covered by ordered water analogous to ice temporarily melt
and form aggregates is a basic process induced by the feed of energy to the cellular system
and could be compared to cellular summer. This process could mean quite generally
molecular re-programming induced by the flow of cellular water inducing molecular flows
inducing re-braidings. The braiding would also store the highlights of the cellular summer to
cellular memory! This could be also seen learning by a modification of various quantum
computer programs.
b. Negentropic entanglement is highly suggestive and would conform with the idea that the rule
represented by entanglement represents conscious information or information which can
become conscious. The process of becoming conscious information could involve
ATP→ADP and de-activating the flux tube and destroy the information. Time-like
braiding represented by liquid flow would modify space-like braiding.
It is not quite clear whether the information is conscious when negentropic entanglement
(and ATP) is present (as Bohm's notion of active information would suggest) or when ATP is
transformed to ADP and connection becomes passive. Negentropic entanglement can be
stable with respect to NMP so that the presence of ATP could mean period of conscious
experience (negentropic entanglement could be analogous to active information).
The TGD-based model for the memory recall by sending negative energy signals to the
Geometric-Past suggests that the absorption of negative energy photon transforms ATP to
ADP. Conscious experience is regenerated in the Geometric-Present where the negative
energy signal came from (perhaps by transforming ADP to ATP by using the negative
resulting by sending of negative energy signal!). Conscious reading would be actually
memory recall and analogous to teleportation? The destruction of the representation of
memory in the Geometric-Past would have interpretation in terms of the no-cloning theorem.
c. Static realizations of the programs are easier to imagine since no temporal codes are needed
for the transfer of bits. An attractive idea is that the computations are represented by static
entanglements for linear structures and that time-like braiding allows to modify the
programs.
3. The realization of program
The program would be basically a sequence of address lists. Address list would contain the
address of the function to be performed and the addresses of the input molecules and output
molecules. How to represent the address physically?
a. The simplest manner to realize this would use existing flux tubes connecting the processing
unit to all possible input and output addresses as well as command addresses and activate
those flux tubes to which input and output data are assigned and reconnect them to the flux
tubes connecting processing unit to the unit representing the function. The processing unit
would have flux tubes coming from all possible inputs going to all possible outputs, flux
tubes going to places representing functions and coming from these places.
The processing unit would be like a relay station or old fashioned telephone center whose
sole purpose would be to create connections by reconnecting flux tubes. ATP molecule would
be probably involved with the activation and (allowing a sloppy language) one could say that
communication line becomes *conscious* when ATP is attached to it.
4
i. Addressing would be just selection of activated molecules and analogous to that used in
telephone network or computer network connected by cables. This would require static
flux tube network and flux tubes could be either active or passive.
In the passive state, flux tubes could be shortcut by a reconnection with a hydrogen
bond so that the ends of cut flux tube would end up to water molecules. This is, however,
not necessary. Activation in absence of the short cut would involve reconnection of a flux
tube with a flux tube connecting 2 parts of ATP (possibly hydrogen bond again) so that
ATP becomes part of the flux tubes. If also shortcut is involved, the strands coming to the
2 water molecules reconnect and generate hydrogen bond and flux tube to which ATP
would attach in the proposed manner. As ATP is used, it transforms to ADP and deattaches from the flux tube.
ii. One can imagine also a dynamical addressing based on the generation of magnetic flux
tubes between inputs and submodules. The computational process could be still spacelike.
The first manner to realize dynamical addressing would be by attaching to the ends of
dynamical flux tubes biomolecules which bind to specific receptors. The receptor
mechanism would allow to connect distant cells to each other and build a magnetic flux
tube connection between them. Computational unit specialized to run a specific program
could excrete biomolecules binding to the input and output receptors. This program
would realize function in terms of space-like entanglement.
Glands emit hormones binding to receptors and various glands could in principle serve
as computational units. Various information molecules bind very selectively (this might
also relate to quantum space-like computations).
iii. Second mechanism of dynamical addressing would use dark photons. In this case,
resonant interaction selecting the target would replace the receptor mechanism. In this
kind of situation, one can claim that flux tubes are unnecessary. One can use just
resonance to build connection to a desired place just as one does in radio
communications.
Of course, topological light rays could be accompanied by flux tubes. For instance,
DNA nucleotide could attach by flux tube to its conjugate in distant DNA molecule and if
the connection is based on resonance only similar nucleotide sequences could connect
with each other. I have discussed this kind of mechanism in a model for remote
replication of DNA based on the experimental work by Peter Gariaev and his group. The
resonance mechanism could also make possible to establish flux tube connections and the
quantum computation could be a static operation.
b. DNA as a topological quantum computer vision gives some idea about how the computer
program could be realized as a spatial linear structure.
i. Program would be a sequence of topological quantum computations. Given topological
quantum computation would be represented by a braiding of flux tubes connecting DNA
nucleotides with the lipid molecules of the inner lipid layer. Program would correspond
5
to a linear sequence of cells with the outer lipid layer connected to the DNA of the
second cell.
ii. Lipid flows at given lipid layer could be used to rewrite programs and the programs could
respond to the changes in environment in this manner. This would require that the lipid
layer is in liquid crystal state during the period when program is changed. Also nerve
pulse patterns would induce these flows. Programs would also represent memories as
rules realized as quantum abstractions or as quantum functions.
iii. The program would "run" in the spatial direction. The selection of active input and output
variables would be by acting the connection from molecule in question by attaching
ATP as a relay through which the reconnected flux tube would traverse. This would be
also part of the writing of the program. The superposition of entangled inputs and
outputs could be seen as a quantum superposition of classical programs assigning
outputs to inputs. Microtubule-lipid layer braiding is suggested also to play a key role in
the realization of memories could give rise to similar space-like quantum computation
representing rules.
iv. The effective 2-dimensionality implied by strong form of holography implied in turn by
strong form of general coordinate invariance means that the physics depends on partonic
2-surfaces and 4-D tangent space data at them. This suggests that the dynamics on
space-like 3-surfaces and light-like orbits of partonic 2-surfaces is fixed by a process
analogous to gauge selection. Does just this effective gauge symmetry make possible to
write quantum computer programs? Already ordinary deterministic computer program
means selection of one particular dynamics from several alternative options suggesting
that strict determinism is broken.
c. What could be the role of biocatalysis in the computation? Biocatalysis is a central part of the
biological information processing and it would not be surprising if the catalysts connected
by flux tubes to substrate molecules were involved with the computations. An attractive
idea is that various information molecules binding to receptors involved with bio-control
(neurotransmitters, hormones, etc.) are involved with building the flux tube connections
between cells. These biomolecules could carry the ends of flux tubes to special places for
which receptors serve as addresses and in this manner build hardware for topological
quantum computation involving inputs and outputs in distant parts of the body. The final
output could be transformed to controlled gene expression. Quite generally, catalysts bind
very selectively and could play a role similar that played by information molecules in
building up the quantum computer programs.
d. One can imagine also purely classical computation based on catalytic mechanism probably
allowing generalization to quantum case. The idea is that computer program (understood
now as dynamical structure) is analogous to what happens in fairy tale in which hero finds
a key which fits to a lock of a room containing a key which...
There exists a beautiful realization of classical computation in terms of chemical
concentrations using DNA. The output of given reaction representing computational step
appears in the next reaction provide the system contains additional participating molecules
which could be both substrate molecules and catalysts. The program could be represented as
concentrations of molecules needed at intermediate steps and lock-to-key mechanism
guarantees that they are performed in the correct temporal order. Inputs and output
6
molecules could be connected by flux tubes to bio-molecules which bind to specific receptors
associated with the molecule representing the particular subprogram.
This would
automatically create a large number of classical computations proceeding in fixed order
(maybe even quantum computations).
For a pdf version of this article, see "how to build a Quantum Computer from Magnetic Flux Tubes"
Comments
1. At 12:27 AM, ◘Fractality◘ said...
Matti:
How do magnetic flux tubes compare to the Birkeland current? My admittedly wild conjecture: Is
the Birkeland current the magnetic flux tube at the level of Earth in some sense?
2. At 12:37 AM, matpitka@luukku.com said...
Birkeland currents are currents flowing along flux lines of Earth's magnetic field. In the
magnetohydrodynamics approximation, the conductivity is infinite and there is no dissipation.
I have wondered whether these currents could be actually supra currents. Maybe dark electrons
and protons and even ions running along flux tubes or walls of Earth's magnetic field.
3. At 1:41 AM, Ulla said...
Those neural networks used in my earlier link was in contact with bigger systems as the one of
Earth (the clock). This is the open system that never reaches equilibrium. The outer magnetosphere
is in the same way more in contact with the Cosmos and the Sun?
Plato Hagel has an interesting set of posts on this. He asks 'What is a Mind?'
http://eskesthai.blogspot.com/2010/03/mapping-internet-brain.html
The function of complexity may not lie in the complexity itself but in the functions following the
complexity (the tree and the wave). Which brings my thoughts top-adics (dichotomous or
bicameral) creating coherence of qubits, qutrits, etc. What is that expressed in space-times?
Do minds have space-times? Does consciousness have space-times versus is it continous?
Maybe we have messed up complexity with its consequences in form of creating coherence?
That would mean the growing coherence would be the goal of evolution which is almost the same as
the Second Law??? The strivings to diminish tensions by compressing them?
If we look at Nature, there are many non-living phenomens also not directly following the
Second Law. Look at a snowflake for instance. Formations of mountains, creation of matter and Fechains, Oxygen-reactions...
Building of symmetry and breaking of symmetry. Coherence and decoherence.
7
If we look at a small form of life like bacteria without nerve system, they expose
superorganismic charachters of communication (no individual self). This means they are mostly part
of the bigger systems clusters, populations, Earth... a bit like planets and galaxies?
http://publish.aps.org/covers/108/14
A plasmashield as instantous? Plasmas seen as one nucleus or wave (coherent phase) with
characters of one single particle (secondary?), usually said to have Euclidean space. But how can it
have the spherical form then (of Minkowski space - the gravity link?)?
Quote: Though solid-state computing systems have existed before, this was the first to
incorporate decoherence protection using microwave pulses to continually switch the direction of the
electron spin rotation.
"It's a little like time travel," Lidar said, because switching the direction of rotation time-reverses
the inconsistencies in motion as the qubits move back to their original position."
Well... Life is very much decoherence protected? This emphasize the pronouncement on
quantum-like states (born by synchrony?), realized by Khrennikov (and Rakovic?) and you.
What makes the chakras (correspond to a chrystal?) in p-adic language? They are gates. Thanks
so very much :)
I googled the 'singing genome' and look:
What is this? Sound as egigenetic factor (miRNA)? Cognition as epigenetics, coming from the
environment? A different space-time affecting us? LOL.
http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v106/n4/full/hdy2010109a.html
I need the explanation when you earlier said it was not at the tip of the space-time cone. Can
genes be explained as different space-time cones (diamonds?), then the environmental spacetime
comes as fluxes? A bigger cone connects/glue to a smaller one?
4. At 9:25 PM, matpitka@luukku.com said...
To Ulla:
The idea that consciousness emerges at certain critical complexity does not look very convincing
to me. The quite recent finding is that when one wakes up from anesthesia (assumed to correspond
unconscious state), the wake-up means that the lowest brain structures are activated as one becomes
conscious.
The orthodox belief inspired not only by complexity theory but also by the possibility to test
drugs with animals has been that consciousness emerges as cortex or perhaps its newest parts (say
those involved with language) emerge.
The latter assumption would make possible
experimentations with our cousins. The finding implies among other things that all species having
brain stem are conscious. Embarrassing for those speaking about animal models.
The natural interpretation in TGD framework is that there is hierarchy of selves. Lower levels
selves wake-up first. The question whether some level (presumably collective) is in wake-up state
even during sleep is interesting.
8
Sound couples to electricity in piezo-electrics and Living matter is this kind of system. I would
describe this using the coupling between space-time sheets and coupling of particles with them.
About the latter, I wrote a posting few months ago. Simultaneous topological condensation of
particle to several space-time sheets makes possible superposition of effects of Classical fields of
various systems and there is no need to assume that the Classical fields superpose. This little
technicality is of utmost importance mathematically and physically.
To cure the effects of perturbations by time reversal is a fantastic idea. I remember that it has
been observed already for phase conjugate laser beams. This forces me to take seriously the
possibility that Geometric-Time can flow in the opposite direction. Now this arrow property of zero
energy states. In ordinary ontology, it is property of their dynamics.
I am not sure whether you are talking about same topic as Lubos was raging for some time ago.
He labeled Anton Zeiliger (one of the greatest quantum experimenters) a crackpot for his "wrong"
thinking. The rants of Lubos are getting crazier day-by-day. His opinions about women, wrong
colored ones, etc. are frightening. Lubos gives a rigorous proof for the fact that there can be no
understanding without compassion.
5. At 1:55 AM, Santeri Satama said...
Quantum computer build inside a diamond: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-04/uoscqcb040412.php
6. At 2:54 AM, matpitka@luukku.com said...
To Santeri Satama:
I recall that we have discussed years ago about active information. I had not previously realized
that negentropic entanglement is a direct counterpart for active information originally introduced by
Bohm.
In the model for bio-systems as a quantum computer, ATP molecules appearing at magnetic flux
tube would induce negentropic entanglement and (allowing some sloppiness) one can say that the
flux tube is conscious as long as ATP is there.
This would allow us to see the immensely complex and mysterious dynamical web involving
information molecules and enzymes attaching to receptors as building of conscious flux tube
connections by reconnection mechanism completely analogous to what happens in an old-fashioned
telephone center.
Phosphorylation is present everywhere in these reconnection processes and high-energy
phosphate bond would be the key element of negentropic entanglement in Living matter as we
understand it.
7. At 3:01 PM, Anonymous said...
Ulla,
Bohm's pilot wave gives only a momentum, not a second-order energy function. In this way it
revives the impulse dynamics of Aristotle as was intended by Marin Mersenne. For his part,
9
Aristotle was echoing the teaching of archery in the Old School. There long experience bought to
light the fact that scores in archery contests varied with bodyweight. To the action of the bow-string
there is a reaction or recoil in the body.
Hence Newton's Third Law stated in terms of action as force x velocity or power. Note that this
usage is archaic and not consistent with Maupertius' Least Action which is the integral of momentum
over a path. It was rather Helmholtz at Berlin who spoke of conserved force and equilibrium defined
by least energy, strictly the Helmoltz free energy. People still speak in these terms of the Weak and
Strong Force. But please note that force is not conserved in Thermodynamics nor covered by
Noether's theorem.
At the same time, power is central to Fechner's psycho-physics. A stimulus intensity is a power
measured in decibels or lumens as is the effort (Greek ergon) of an action. The Greek enargia is the
root of our energy but in Aristotle signifies actuality, what is actualized in experience moment-bymoment. Hence the concern now to quantize time within the tradition of American New Realism.
The interesting point now is that bodyweight is not mass. So should one perhaps look to Poisson
or Liouville gravity? There is no easy answer since the Sturm-Liouville formalism gives piece-wise
continuity but Poisson actualizes the Lorentz relativity. This is the oldest question in meta-physics
or meta-physique, still with us, yet unsolved.
*What is not understood is destined to be repeated*
**Name/URL option closed. I'm out of here. Orwin.
8. At 8:47 PM, Matti Pitkanen said...
Thanks to Anynymous Orwin;-) for an excellent summary of the history of the concept of
"force". It is very difficult to use correctly the notions of Physics without understanding their
mathematical meaning. Force has so many associations to everyday life.
Rate for momentum transfer is the mathematically-precise definition of force. One can think that
physical systems have various conserved quantities like energy, momentum, angular momentum,
charges of various kinds, as currencies which they can exchange and which can also have negative
values but whose total sums are conserved.
9. At 9:19 PM, Santeri Satama said...
Hiley and Pylkkänen: Can Mind Affect Matter Via Active Information? -https://www.google.com/url?url=http://scholar.google.com/scholar_url%3Fhl%3Den%26q%3Dh
ttp://mindmatter.de/resources/pdf/hileywww.pdf%26sa%3DX%26scisig%3DAAGBfm3QvMA1hFqtO1cztIh
BUIgTgEWC8w%26oi%3Dscholarr&rct=j&sa=X&ei=36mDT4HgIMn54QTm642tBw&ved=0CBg
QgAMoADAA&q=active+information+pylkk%C3%A4nen&usg=AFQjCNEkUWFBrzatjcW6DvLESoYff2tAw&cad=rja
How does the Hiley-Pylkkänen approach entangle with your view of negentropic entanglement
and phosphorylation-enlightenment (Gr. Fosforos - Lat. Lucifer - Lightbringer ;))?
PS:
Entangled
diamonds
in
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/334/6060/1253.abstract
10
room
temperature:
10. At 11:55 PM, matpitka@luukku.com said...
As far as David Bohm is considered, the notion of active information and the implicate seem to
be the only concepts that has direct TGD counterpart. His proposal for the interpretation of
Quantum Theory is not elegant.
What is interesting is that Bohm was a friend of Krishnamurti and they have also published their
discussions. The "beginning of enlightment" about which Krishnamurti talks often could be seen as
emergence of active information/negentropic entanglement free of the load of memories and models
(ego) preventing genuine understanding.
I do not know about how strongly the approach of Hiley and Pylkkänen relies on the other ideas
of Bohm.
It is really amusing that phosphorus uses so descriptive name;-). The correlation with ATP
makes the notion of negentropic entanglement very predictive. Phosphorus and also Nitrogen and
Arsenic are exceptional in that they can have an effective valence of 5! This would explain their
completely special role in biochemistry.
For only a few years later, entanglement was decided to exist only in microscopic scales and
anyone speaking about entanglement in Living matter was regarded as mad. Now it is observed
routinely in Macroscopic scales. Times change and require an intensive rewriting of history.
The fact that I would not say aloud if I behaved in good collegial manner is that Macroscopic
entanglement is not really understood in standard quantum theory. But every family has its black
sheep.
11. At 1:10 PM, ThePeSla said...
Hey Matti,
Odd in the changeover to the new blogspot design that I find your blog the one hidden one. I
don't know what this means. But if it means that I am not supposed to read, let me know so we don't
entangle the fractured at a distance dialog.
I have had trouble (since 1995 or so) with the notion of using DNA or in tandem to
nanostructures as a method of computation and even as a program it is called a genetic or inheritance
algorithm. With this method, one can run a super computer in a drop of water and answer some of
the NP hard problems. But I have always seen the DNA structure itself as dynamic and a program of
computation. I am not sure that it will turn out a matter of quantum principles after all, so then your
TGD aspects form a view outside of mine and QM formulation. I must think about this.
There are now several surprising layers unexpected in the DNA encoding. The latest is that
proteins prefer one of the combinations of so many of the 64 possible of those encoding for the same
things. This time delay has effects as a response to the overall system distinct to individual
organisms. This is the level at which some sort of natural flow of "dark entities like photon analogs
with different virtual Planck scales" may be a system of computation with specific paths of the
"TGD wormholes".
11
But what I talk about is on the codon base level where we apply structure more than on this
resulting chromosome level although certainly they all relate.
Consciousness seems in these contexts even more complex than the DNA or on what physical
thing it has to stand on to persist as real and partly conserved and invariant. In a global sense, one
might say that beyond the quantum symmetry principles the higher vacuum of the field of that
described outside of the active logic and process intrinsic to the general DNA that this forms a
mirror that could be seen as a virtual substance of consciousness.
But surely this is too simple. In any case to the extent the mind is a chemical and electrical
phenomenon, QM theory does apply. These principles including the path integrals are really a
reductionism to the useful Feynman diagrams and do not restrict what further generalizations we
imagine that does not meet the mind's eye.
I have caught up some to the new computer landscape since 1995 so I understand now html is
there to use. I like your page set up. The future will go back to more complexity in pages, several
layers I imagine :-)
12. At 8:41 PM, Matti Pitkanen said...
Dear Pesla,
I found that the Google has refreshed the procedure for writing blog postings. I loaded the
updated procedure. But the problem with incompletely shown text lines did not disappear. Could
you tell precisely what do you mean with the change to new blogpost design?
The virus attackers re merciless. Also a problem with comment preview has appeared recently.
Only part of a line is visible. Your comment suggests that there are also problems not visible to me.
Now to the topic: I am not suggesting that DNA and genes are enough. Together with lipid
layers, DNA is only the hardware for topological quantum computation. Magnetic flux tubes
connecting them define the software by their braidings. Also other molecules have braidings so that
a completely new level of information processing would be there.
The genetic inheritance of diseases, genetic determination of body patterns by genes, and genetic
determination of intelligence are 3 examples about genetic dogma. It is becoming clear that these
dogmas are wrong. Somehow the interactions with environment are involved with the development
of diseases. Some unknown level of interactions determines also the body patterns.
The Magnetic Body represents this level in the TGD Universe. The magnetic flux tubes store a
representations about the interactions with cellular environment and via sensory perception with
external environment to their space-like braidings and in this manner update the quantum computer
programs. The contractions and reconnections of flux tubes are central mechanisms in the
development and dynamics of the web of flux tubes and this naturally determines also the body
patterns.
Mae-Wan Ho has nice articles about the emerging new Biology (also about genetic
determination of body patterns and inheritance of diseases). See =>
http://www.i-sis.org.uk/Genes_dont_Generate_Body_Patterns.php
http://www.i-sis.org.uk/Mystery_of_Missing_Heritability_Solved.php
http://www.i-sis.org.uk/No_Genes_for_Intelligence_in_the_Human_Genome.php .
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13. At 12:47 PM, Ulla said...
http://physicsforme.wordpress.com/2012/04/11/can-free-will-emerge-from-determinism-inquantum-theory/
14. At 7:24 PM, matpitka@luukku.com said...
To Ulla:
I have usually expressed my attitude to the idea about a quantum parallel world splitting to new
branches endlessly by saying that I do have never understood it. This is certainly true.
In a less diplomatic mood, I would continue by saying that the reason for why I do not
understand it is that there is nothing to be understood. This idea is complete nonsense. Just a
desperate attempt to save the determinism of Quantum Theory by introducing pseudo-mathematical
structure having no mathematical sense.
The idea about deterministic world where physicists as the OverLords of the Universe replacing
God as those who can predict everything is very difficult to challenge. Facts are powerless against
imperialistic egos.
15. At 10:03 PM, Anonymous said...
Matti:
I have a question about Zero Energy Ontology and its relation to memory and intentional action.
> "...intentional action and the idea that motor action can be seen as time reversal of
sensory perception."
What do you mean by time reversal? Intention cascades from higher-levels of the self-hierarchy
down to the level of motor control?
16. At 2:08 AM, Matti Pitkanen said...
To Anonymous:
Classically, "time reversal" would mean negative energy signals propagating in the direction of
the Geometric-Past. Phase conjugate laser waves represent a canonical example. The Second Law
of Thermodynamics holds true in reversed direction of Geometric-Time for them. This makes
possible error correction.
In Zero Energy Ontology where zero energy states are pairs of positive energy and negative
energy at opposite boundaries of causal diamonds, and the notion of the time arrow can be
formulated as a property of these states. Time reversal of course permutes the roles of upper and
lower boundaries of the CD.
These states can have well-defined single particle quantum numbers either at the upper or lower
boundary of CD. These states are analogous to initial states in particle scattering experiment
("prepared states") and they are either in the Future or Past. Hence the "arrow of time".
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Realization of intentional action, memory recall, and remote metabolism would rely on same
mechanism based on the emission of negative energy signals.
17. At 1:20 PM, Santeri Satama said...
Couple more questions. I just found out that zero energy ontology is the answer from inflation
cosmologists Alan Guth and Victor Stenger (who is BTW today a professional skeptic ;)) to the
thermodynamical problem of the Big Bang:
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Guth/Guth_contents.html
http://iopscience.iop.org/0143-0807/11/4/008 : "Universe could have begun from a state of zero
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How do you see the relation of ZEO of inflation cosmology and your notion of ZEO of CD? Is
the CD in itself a limit to WCW and what kind?
Also, can you help to better comprehend the geometric and number theoretical anatomy of the
CD? From your books I (mis)understand only that it is an 8-D di-pyramid (or is dimensional
structure variable?).
Any relation to platonic solids or rather regular polytopes
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_regular_polytopes ) and can it be assigned figurate_numbers
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figurate_number ). And if so, what is the relation of those figurate
numbers to zeros of the zeta function and infinite primes?
18. At 7:53 PM, matpitka@luukku.com said...
You made questions that require a long answer;-). I had to splice it into pieces. Consider first
Zero Energy Ontology.
One must be very cautious with terminology. Guth and Stenger mean a very different thing
when they speak of zero energy state. It is Classical state and corresponds to the positive or negative
energy part of zero energy state in TGD. To make it clear, the restriction to consider positive energy
parts of zero energy states gives something which is counterpart for ordinary positive energy states.
Positive and negative energy states correspond to initial and final states of physical event.
This interpretation makes it possible to understand simultaneous Poincare invariance and nonconservation of energy in cosmological scales.
Energy and momentum are always defined in some scale defined by the size scale of the CD. In
cosmology, the CD is very very big. For an electron, it has duration of 0.1 seconds. This scale
dependence of conserved quantities is of central importance.
It also allows us to understand the apparent non-conservation of fermion number in coherent
states associated with superconductors with current carriers consisting of fermion pairs.
To add confusion, I add that the positive energy parts of quantum states in TGD-based
cosmology have indeed vanishing energy per co-moving volume. Energy density is due to cosmic
strings and diverges as 1/a2 (a curvature radius equal to lightcone proper time). The energy per comoving volume is proportional to 1/a2 times volume proportional to a3 and thus proportional to a and
vanishes as a goes to zero!
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BTW, Stenger is familiar to me from discussion groups around 1995. He managed to be
completely wrong about quantum entanglement and very probably his views about quantum and
consciousness and quantum and biology turn about to be completely wrong. I remember how
arrogantly he commented on my claim that quantum coherence and entanglement are in a key role in
Living matter. Only 16 years later it is clear that he was completely wrong (and also here!) Also
Lubos has this magic touch in his fingers;-).
I have written about the relation of TGD based cosmology to inflationary cosmology and article
"Do
we
really
understand
the
Solar
System?"
at
http://tgdtheory.com/public_html/articles/precession.pdf . The article starts from a problem related
to models of the Solar System and ends up to a model for Cosmology.
The primordial state contains only cosmic strings for which M4 projection is a 2-D string
worldsheet. After a phase transition creating space-time sheets, the projection to M4 gradually
becomes thicker.
The energy of Kahler magnetic fields associated with magnetic flux tubes takes the role of Higgs
like inflaton field. The magnetic energy corresponds to dark energy and creates ordinary matter in
phase transitions in which magnetic flux tubes get thicker and longer. This thickening relates to
cosmic expansion. This same process occurs in all scales (even in solar scale).
To get CD, one can start from a 4-D pyramid having boundary which corresponds to a ball first
expanding with light-velocity and then starting to contract. One just replaces every point with CP2
and obtains the 8-D thing: Cartesian product of 4-D double pyramid with CP2.
You asked also about ZEO-related things. The scale of CD comes as a multiple of CP2 scale and
corresponds to secondary p-adic time/length scale L{2,p}= p*R with R the size of CP2. Primary padic length scale is Lp=sqrt(p)*R.
For the electron with p= M127, one has L{2,p}= 0.1 seconds which was a real surprise. Biology
and elementary particle physics seem to be deeply correlated. I have tried to formulate this at
deeper level in terms of T-duality relating long and short length scales to each other. See the
previous posting http://matpitka.blogspot.com/2012/04/what-could-be-counterpart-of-t-duality.html .
You asked also about regular isotopes. I have only some impressions:
● Regular isotopes related closely to the hierarchy of ADE-type Lie algebras.
● These in turn relate closely to the inclusions of hyperfinite factors of type II1 which in turn
relate very closely to WCW spinors which define HFF of type II1.
● In TGD framework, inclusions in turn characterize finite measurement resolution. The action
of included algebra N subset M creates states which can be distinguished from each other
in the measurement resolution used. This gives rise to what could be seen as gauge
symmetry mathematically.
● For the coset Hilbert spaces, M/N the rays are given HFF N rather that complex numbers as in
commutative quantum mechanics. This is the TGD view about how non-commutative
analogs of Hilbert spaces emerge from finite measurement resolution.
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I tried to understand from the book of Lapidus (thanks for Stephen Crowley;-) the description of
non-commutative space as coset spaces analogous to M/N but got only a vague impression. This
view does need not be equivalent to my own which starts from physics with finite measurement
resolution rather than replacing the coordinates of space-time with non-commutative objects. To
me, this approach looks awkward since it leads immediately to difficulties with general coordinate
invariance.
I would introduce non-commutative only at the level of Hilbert spaces. At space-time level, I
would begin from discretization as a counterpart for a finite measurement resolution. Finite
measurement resolution means that one performs cutoff in the number of modes of second quantized
induced spinor fields. The anti-commutators for cutoff spinor fields at partonic 2-surfaces do not
vanish for arbitrary pair of points anymore but only for discrete subset of points identified as end
points of a braid.
The coordinates do not become non-commutative. Rather, the induced spinor fields cease to
anti-commute at generic point pairs of the partonic 2-surface. This allows us to circumvent
problems with general coordinate invariance.
If one accepts quantum mathematics (http://matpitka.blogspot.com/2012/03/quantummathematics.html ),which replaces numbers with Hilbert spaces, it might be possible to introduce
non-commutativity as counterpart of finite measurement resolution by making space-time points
non-commutative quantum Hilbert spaces with rays defined as orbits of sub-algebra defining the
measurement resolution.
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