1. No category

IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program
Research Report Cover Sheet
Trial: 2009 VA
Researcher(s) Jeffrey F Derr
Affiliation:
Virginia Tech
Hampton Roads AREC
1444 Diamond Springs Road
Virginia Beach
PhoneNumber: (757) 363-3912
jderr@vt.edu
Email:
Protocol #:
09-012
ProjectTitle:
Halosulfuron Crop Safety
VA
23455
PR#
Research Target
Crop/Plant
Product
12457
Phytotoxicity
Maple
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Acer sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Phytotoxicity
Serviceberry
Amelanchier sp.
SedgeHammer
Halosulfuron
13672
13675
13688
13687
27859
27865
13740
13690
13741
13684
28142
12459
20868
13702
20866
EPA Reg. # Production Site Status
Field In-Ground
C
81880-1-10163
Gowan
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Phytotoxicity
Butterfly Bush
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Buddleia davidii
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Bottlebrush
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Callistemon sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Phytotoxicity
Golden Bells
Forsythia sp.
SedgeHammer
Halosulfuron
81880-1-10163
Gowan
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Phytotoxicity
Jasmine, Cape, Common
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Gardenia sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Phytotoxicity
Daylily
Hemerocallis sp.
SedgeHammer
Halosulfuron
81880-1-10163
Gowan
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Phytotoxicity
Lily, Plantain
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Hosta fortunei
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Hydrangea
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Hydrangea sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Phytotoxicity
Bulbous Iris
Iris xiphium
SedgeHammer
Halosulfuron
81880-1-10163
Gowan
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Phytotoxicity
Honeysuckle
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Lonicera sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Loropetalum
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Loropetalum sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Phytotoxicity
Apple & Crabapple (NonMalus sp.
SedgeHammer
Halosulfuron
81880-1-10163
Gowan
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Field In-Ground
C
Phytotoxicity
Beard-Tongue
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Penstemon sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Rose
SedgeHammer
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Rosa sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Phytotoxicity
Phytotoxicity
Spiderwort
Tradescantia x andersoni
SedgeHammer
Halosulfuron
81880-1-10163
Gowan
IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program
Research Report Cover Sheet
Trial: 2009 VA
Researcher(s) Jeffrey F Derr
Affiliation:
Virginia Tech
Hampton Roads AREC
1444 Diamond Springs Road
Virginia Beach
PhoneNumber: (757) 363-3912
jderr@vt.edu
Email:
Protocol #:
09-012
ProjectTitle:
Halosulfuron Plant Back Crop Safety
VA
23455
PR#
Research Target
Crop/Plant
Product
27884
Phytotoxicity
Balsam
SedgeHammer
EPA Reg. # Production Site Status
81880-1-10163
Phytotoxicity
Impatiens sp.
Halosulfuron
Gowan
Field In-Ground
C
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Jeffrey Derr
Virginia tech
Site Description
Conducted at the research station, Virginia Beach. RCB, 4 reps, plots 6’ by 40 ‘, 3 plants per species per plot
pH 5.2 2.1% organic matter
Planted 5/14/09 ‘Sweet Kate’ spiderwort, ‘Husker Red’ penstemon, ‘ Louisiana Purple’ iris, ‘Dazzler Orange’
impatiens, red honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens) , ‘August Beauty’ , purple bottlebrush (Callistemon violac
), ‘Fragrant Blue’ hosta, ‘Nanho White’ butterfly bush, Burgundy loropetalum, ‘Black Cherry’ rose,
‘Lavender’ daylily, oakleaf hydrangea, Sargent crabapple, Shadblow serviceberry, sugar maple, ‘Lynwood
Gold’ forsythia
Application information
Treated 7/15/09 79 F air temperature, 10% cloud cover, 36% relative humidity, wind 0-3 MPH E, soil moist,
Height, width (inches): spiderwort 16, 20; penstemon 8, 15; iris 22, 8; hosta 7, 12; daylily 9, 22; impatiens 10,
16; honeysuckle 14, 16; gardenia 10, 6; butterfly bush 30, 22; loropetalum 7, 11; purple bottlebrush 11, 9; rose
19, 22; hydrangea 25, 21; crabapple 35, 10; forsythia 29, 23; serviceberry 17, 8; maple 14, 11.
All treatments reapplied on 8/7/09 77 F air temperature, 65% relative humidity, 25% cloud cover, wind 3-5
MPH NE, soil moist
Comments
At 9 DAT, no reduction in flowering was seen in hosta, loropetalum, and rose, but flower reductions were noted
in impatiens and butterfly bush (flower spikes) following SedgeHammer application. AT 17 DAT, A decrease
in flowering was noted in spiderwort, hosta, impatiens, butterfly bush, and rose, with no reduction in
loropetalum flowering. AT 35 DAT2, Reductions in flowering was noted in impatiens, butterfly bush, rose and
hosta, with no reductions in loropetalum or spiderwort flowering.
At 23 DAT, no injury was seen in spiderwort, penstemon, gardenia, loropetalum, bottlebrush, crabapple, or
maple. Slight (5-15% ) injury was observed in hosta, honeysuckle, rose, butterfly bush, forsythia, and
serviceberry, moderate (15 to 25%) injury in iris and hydrangea, with severe injury noted in impatiens. At 14
DAT2, no injury was noted in spiderwort, penstemon, gardenia, loropetalum, bottlebrush, serviceberry, and
maple, with slight injury in hosta, crabapple, and forsythia, with moderate injury in daylily, honeysuckle,
butterfly bush, rose and hydrangea, and severe injury in iris and impatiens.
No growth reductions were noted 42 DAT2 in spiderwort, penstemon, honeysuckle, gardenia, loropetalum,
bottlebrush, crabapple, and maple. Reductions in growth were noted in hosta, iris, daylily, butterfly bush, rose,
hydrangea, and forsythia, with severe reduction in impatiens, and with a trend towards reduction in serviceberry.
Stand reduction was noted in iris and impatiens, with perhaps a reduction with the highest rate of SedgeHammer
in daylily. Both SedgeHammer and Basagran gave complete control of yellow nutsedge and rice flatsedge after
2 applications.
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Number of flowers 7/24/09 9 DAT
___________________________________________________
Hosta
Impatiens Butterfly
LoroRose
Treatment
bush (spikes) petalum
______________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
0.0
57.3
32.0
1.5
2.3
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 0.8
0.25 % v/v
1.3
35.8
1.0
4.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 1.0
0.25 % v/v
0.3
14.5
0.8
2.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 0.8
0.25 % v/v
0.0
18.8
1.8
7.0
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 2.5
42.8
13.3
0.5
2.8
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
______________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
29.8
14.1
NS
NS
Number of flowers 8/1/09 17 DAT
___________________________________________________________
SpiderHosta
Impatiens Butterfly
Rose
LoroTreatment
wort
bush
petalum
______________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
114.8
4.8
61.8
54.5
11.0
2.8
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 83.5
0.25 % v/v
0.0
0.3
56.3
3.8
1.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 60.3
0.25 % v/v
0.0
0.0
26.3
4.0
2.8
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 35.5
0.25 % v/v
0.0
0.3
24.8
7.3
0.3
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 49.5
2.8
21.0
28.5
6.3
1.5
X-77
0.25 % v/v
______________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
34.5
3.5
22.4
17.0
5.9
NS
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Number of flowers 9/11/09 35 DAT2
___________________________________________________________
SpiderHosta
Impatiens Butterfly
LoroRose
Treatment
wort
bush
petalum
______________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
59.0
8.0
87.5
91.3
0.8
24.5
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 74.3
0.25 % v/v
5.8
0.8
37.8
2.0
14.5
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 95.3
0.25 % v/v
4.0
0.0
25.3
3.8
13.8
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 61.5
0.25 % v/v
3.0
0.0
30.8
1.0
14.0
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 38.8
3.0
78.3
68.0
0.5
16.8
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
______________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
25.8
NS
47.4
30.3
2.0
8.8
Total flowers over the growing season
___________________________________________________________
Hosta
Impatien Butterfly LoroRose
SpiderTreatment
bush
petalum
wort
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
12.8
206.5
177.8
5.0
37.8
173.8
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 6.5
0.25 % v/v
2.3
129.8
4.0
22.3
157.8
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 5.0
0.25 % v/v
0.3
66.0
7.3
19.8
155.5
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 3.8
0.25 % v/v
0.3
74.3
3.0
28.3
97.0
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 8.3
142.0
109.8
2.5
25.8
88.3
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
______________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
58.1
42.4
4.3
10.4
49.6
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Percent injury 8/7/09 23 DAT
_____________________________________________________________
Spider
PenIris
Hosta
Daylily
Impatiens
Treatment
wort
stemon
________________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
0
1
1
5
1
1
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 0
0.25 % v/v
2
11
8
3
39
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 0
0.25 % v/v
0
16
8
3
60
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 0
0.25 % v/v
0
21
13
4
58
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 4
14
11
5
1
3
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
________________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
4
11
7
NS
13
Percent injury 8/7/09 23 DAT
____________________________________________________________
Honey
Gardenia Butterfly
LoroBottle
Rose
Treatment
suckle
bush
petalum
brush
______________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
3
1
0
0
0
0
SedgeHammer
X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 5
0.25 % v/v
0
4
3
0
14
SedgeHammer
X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 9
0.25 % v/v
0
6
3
0
16
SedgeHammer
X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 16
0.25 % v/v
1
8
4
3
14
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 0
6
9
1
0
8
X-77
0.25 % v/v
_____________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
7
4
5
3
NS
7
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Percent injury 8/7/09 23 DAT
__________________________________________________
Hydrangea CrabForServiceMaple
Treatment
apple
sythia
berry
____________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
3
4
0
8
15
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 5
0.25 % v/v
6
11
20
14
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 9
0.25 % v/v
9
18
24
15
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 24
0.25 % v/v
8
14
20
14
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 11
3
14
9
24
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
____________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
18
NS
5
14
NS
Percent injury 8/21/09 14 DAT2
_____________________________________________________________
SpiderPenstemon Iris
Hosta
Daylily Impatiens
Treatment
wort
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
4
8
16
13
4
14
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 4
0.25 % v/v
3
26
23
18
75
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 1
0.25 % v/v
4
49
25
18
90
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 5
0.25 % v/v
9
49
26
20
89
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 19
23
28
21
9
31
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
________________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
7
9
31
11
10
12
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Percent injury 8/21/09 14 DAT2
______________________________________________________________
HoneyGardenia
Butterfly
LoroBottleRose
Treatment
suckle
bush
petalum
brush
________________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
14
8
4
8
29
0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 15
0.25 % v/v
4
16
13
9
26
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 31
0.25 % v/v
3
19
13
8
26
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 39
0.25 % v/v
4
21
13
8
26
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 9
8
20
8
11
25
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
_______________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
18
NS
11
NS
NS
11
Percent injury 8/21/09 14 DAT2
__________________________________________________________
Hydrangea CrabForsythia
Service
Maple
Treatment
apple
berry
____________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
8
9
5
15
20
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 20
0.25 % v/v
13
19
20
15
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 28
0.25 % v/v
18
16
21
20
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 35
0.25 % v/v
15
21
24
20
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 33
19
20
15
24
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
15
9
6
NS
NS
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Height + width (inches) 9/18/09 42 DAT2
_______________________________________________________________
SpiderPenstemon Hosta
Iris
Daylily
Impatiens
Treatment
wort
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
48.6
28.2
30.6
33.4
41.0
48.6
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 46.0
0.25 % v/v
30.6
25.9
21.4
27.4
19.2
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 51.1
0.25 % v/v
30.8
25.7
17.0
22.1
13.6
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 47.7
0.25 % v/v
28.2
22.9
13.6
17.1
9.0
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 46.4
25.7
21.9
25.0
40.3
39.1
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
__________________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
NS
6.7
18.5
10.1
12.4
Height + width (inches) 9/18/09 42 DAT2
_______________________________________________________________
HoneyGardenia Butterfly LoroBottle
Rose
Treatment
suckle
bush
petalum
brush
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
47.7
32.1
101.5
26.2
28.4
66.1
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 48.1
0.25 % v/v
37.9
92.6
23.7
36.4
48.2
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 48.1
0.25 % v/v
39.3
86.0
25.3
39.8
56.7
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 43.8
0.25 % v/v
38.0
75.0
24.2
34.4
56.7
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 50.6
33.9
91.8
26.5
25.3
57.0
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
______________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
6.8
10.1
NS
NS
8.5
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Height + width (inches) 9/18/09 42 DAT2
____________________________________________________
Hydrangea Crabapple Forsythia
ServiceMaple
Treatment
berry
______________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
54.2
39.6
108.3
24.4
18.5
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 42.5
0.25 % v/v
38.3
69.6
19.7
23.1
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 40.5
0.25 % v/v
35.2
74.0
18.3
20.1
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 35.6
0.25 % v/v
37.4
59.9
19.0
19.4
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 34.0
39.7
99.1
26.8
19.5
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
_________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
14.3
NS
17.3
NS
NS
Number of plants per plot 9/18/09 42 DAT2
_______________________________________________________________
SpiderPenstemon Hosta
Iris
Daylily
Impatiens
Treatment
wort
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 3.0
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
1.0
3.0
2.3
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 3.0
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
1.0
3.0
1.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 3.0
0.25 % v/v
2.8
3.0
0.8
2.0
0.5
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 2.8
2.8
3.0
2.8
3.0
2.8
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
__________________________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
NS
NS
1.2
1.0
1.0
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Number of plants per plot 9/18/09 42 DAT2
______________________________________________
Crop Variety
Honey- Gardenia Butterfly Loro- Bottle Rose
Treatment
suckle
bush
petalum brush
________________________________________________________________________
Untreated
3.0
2.8
3.0
2.5
1.3
3.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 2.8
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.3
3.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 3.0
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.8
3.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 2.5
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
3.0
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 2.8
3.0
3.0
2.5
1.5
3.0
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
________________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
NS
NS
NS
1.2
NS
Number of plants per plot 9/18/09 42 DAT2
__________________________________________
Hydrang- CrabForsyth- Service- Maple
Treatment
ea
apple
ia
berry
____________________________________________________________________
Untreated
2.8
2.8
3.0
2.0
2.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 2.5
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
2.3
2.3
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 2.3
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 2.5
0.25 % v/v
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.8
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 2.8
2.8
3.0
2.8
3.0
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
______________________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
NS
NS
NS
NS
0.7
SedgeHammer evaluation in field-grown ornamentals
Yellow
Yellow
Rice
nutsedge
nutsedge
flat sedge
7/Aug/2009 21/Aug/2009 21/Aug/2009
%control #/plot
#/plot
Treatment
23 DAT
14 DAT2
14 DAT2
____________________________________________________________
Untreated
23
48.0
16.3
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.031 lb ai/a 58
0.25 % v/v
0.0
0.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.063 lb ai/a 74
0.25 % v/v
0.0
0.0
SedgeHammer
+ X-77
0.125 lb ai/a 74
0.25 % v/v
0.0
0.0
Basagran
1.0 lb ai/a 68
0.0
0.0
+ X-77
0.25 % v/v
___________________________________________________________
LSD (P=.05)
44
5.6
4.0