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Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Forest cover
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Kaplan J. O., Krumhardt K. M., Zimmermann N. The prehistoric and preindustrial
deforestation of Europe. 2009. Quaternary Science Reviews 28: 3016–3034
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
The European bison distribution in the middle ages
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
The European bison distribution at the beginning of 20th century
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
1921
1932
1977
1979
1997
2004
2005
2007
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Nature Reserve
National Park
Biosphere Reserve
World Heritage Property
European Diploma
Natura 2000
Biosphere Reserve enlarged
European Diploma suspended
2011 – World Heritage Property enlargement application
2014 – World Heritage Property
enlarged
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
2014
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Exceptional dimensions and age
The trees live here until natural death and the forest stands
have a characteristic uneven-age and multi-layered
structure. Most of the old growth tree species present here
are distinct from their counterparts in Europe in terms of
their height and breast-height diameter.
Species
BHD breast height diameter
Maximum age (years)
Height (m)
Picea abies
300 +
57
140 +
Pinus silvestris
377 +
45 +
130 +
Quercus robur
500 +
45 +
237
Tilia cordata
350 +
40 +
185 +
Fraxinus excelsior
350 +
40 +
160
Salix caprea
75 +
32 +
57
(cm)
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
trees
26
bushes
72
vascular plants 1 060
bryophytes & liverworts 301
lichens
402
fungi
4 000
mammals 59
birds
250
reptiles
7
amphibians 13
fish
31
Invertebrates 13 000
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Mammals
Birds
Vascular plants and lichens
Yellowstone
NP
Wood
Buffalo NP
Mount
Huangshan
Great
Smoky
Mountains
Central
Sikhote Alin
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Białowieża
Forest
N
Fig. 3.2 Number of species in forest sites
inscribed under criterion x from Palearctic and
Nearctic per 1000 ha
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
on-going ecological and biological processes:
climatic conditions
biological processes
restricted human impact
characteristic multi-layered and multi-aged structure
processes of vegetation dynamics:
fluctuation
regeneration
permanent linkages between the components and the environment.
biotic factors:
toppling over of trees and the appearance of overgrowing vegetation
rooting by wild boars, direct impact of herbivores on the forest
relationship between herbivores and carnivores
emergence of niches /cryptogamous plants and invertebrates.
network of relationships – big animals
whole community of ungulates native for the area
strong population of owls and woodpeckers
network of relationships – coarse woody debris
Dead wood appears in many forms, sizes and positions:
standing dead trees
dead branches in the canopy
branches on the ground
lying dead trees
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Dead wood standing
60
50
40
Orłówka
30
Hwoźna
20
10
0
1
1999
2
2009
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Average volume of total deadwood in 2010
(m3 per ha)
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Average volume of total deadwood in 2010
(m3 per ha)
Belarus
United Kingdom
Denmark
Poland
Finland
Ireland
Belgium
Sweden
Italy
Netherlands
Czech Republic
Croatia
Estonia
Germany
Latvia
Slovenia
Austria
Switzerland
Russian Federation
Lithuania
Slovakia
Ukraine
Białowieża National Park
Belarus
United Kingdom
Denmark
Poland
Finland
Ireland
Belgium
Sweden
Italy
Netherlands
Czech Republic
Croatia
Estonia
Germany
Latvia
Slovenia
Austria
Switzerland
Russian Federation
Lithuania
Slovakia
Ukraine
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Contain the most important and significant natural habitats
for in-situ conservation of biological diversity
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Woodpecker species in Europe
9–10 species
7–8 species
5–6 species
3–4 species
1–2 species
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
List of species new for science described from Bialowieza Forest
Regnum: Algae
Trentepohlia bialowiesensis MROZIŃSKA 1990
Regnum: Mycota
Ordo: Hyphomycetales
Cladosporium galii MUŁENKO, SCHUBERT & KOZŁOWSKA 2004
Cephalosporium suspensum BAŁAZY 1973
Penicilium bialowiezense ZALESKI 1927
Ordo: Entomophthorales
Tarichium distinctum BAŁAZY, WIŚNIEWSKI & KACZMAREK 1987
Zoophthora autumnalis BAŁAZY 1993
Zoopthora bialoviezensis BAŁAZY 1993
Zoopthora brevispora BAŁAZY 1993
Zoopthora crassispora BAŁAZY 1993
Zoopthora ichneumon BAŁAZY 1993
Zoophthora phalloides BATKO 1966
Zoophthora psyllae BAŁAZY 1993
Zoophthora heteropterae BAŁAZY 1993
Ordo: Laboulbeniales
Siemaszkoa ramificans MAJEWSKI 1991
Siemaszkoa flexa TAVARES & MAJEWSKI 1976
Euphoriomyces huggertii MAJEWSKI 1986
Corethromyces bialowiezensis MAJEWSKI 1999
Monoicomyces bolitocharae MAJEWSKI 1994
Rickia polonica MAJEWSKI 1974
Rickia ptilidarum MAJEWSKI 1982
Ordo: Polyporales
Poria albidofusca DOMAŃSKI 1966
Dendipratulum bialowiezense DOMAŃSKI 1965
Clavaria albo-vinacea PILAT 1950
Ordo: Xylariales
Hypoxylon macrocarpum POUZAR 1978
Ordo: Basidiomycetes
Tricholoma Orlosii PILAT 1950
Phylum: Lichenes
Usnea carpinea BYSTREK 1986
Regnum: Protista
Aspidiophorus longichaetus KISIELEWSKI
1986
Nosema coccinellae LIPA 1968
Nosema lepturae LIPA 1968
Nosema bialoviesianae LIPA 1966
Nosema phyrrocoridis LIPA 1977
Thelophania nepae LIPA 1966
Plistopora geotrupina LIPA 1968
Stenophora caudata LIPA 1967
Stenophora schizophylli LIPA 1967
Stenoophora strongylosomae LIPA 1967
Gregarina cossinellae LIPA 1967
Gregarina chrysomelae LIPA 1967
Ancyrospora balazyi LIPA 1967
Ancyrospora philonthi LIPA 1967
Stylocephalus carabi LIPA 1967
Blastocrithidia raabei LIPA 1966
Chaetonotus oculifer KISIELEWSKI 1981
Chaetonotus sphagnophilus KISIELEWSKI
1981
Chaetonotus pawlowskii KISIELEWSKI 1984
Heterolepiderma tenuiscuamatum
KISIELEWSKI 1981
Heteroderma macrops KISIELEWSKI 1981
Trypanosoma wrublewskii WLADIMIROFF
& JAKIMOV 1909
Regnum: Animalia
Ordo: Acarina
Cheiroseius kargi GWIAZDOWICZ 2002Steneotarsonemus
gibber SUSKI 1970
Nenteria riedeli WIŚNIEWSKI & HIRSCHMANN 1990
Demodex bisonianus KADULSKI &, IZDEBSKA 1996
Schizocyrtillus josefinae GWIAZDOWICZ 2002
Iphidozercon poststigmatus GWIAZDOWICZ 2003
Ordo: Nematoda
Helionema gracilis BRZESKI 1962
Zanenchus nemorosus BRZESKI 1985
Calodium cholidicola SOŁTYS 1952
Eucoleus oesophagicola SOŁTYS 1952
Stammerinema rhophalocephala SOŁTYS 1952
Stefanskostrongylus soricis SOŁTYS 1954
Protosopirula glareoli SOŁTYS 1949
Ordo: Mallophaga
Bisonicola sedecimdecembrii EICHLER 1946
Ordo: Coleoptera
Agrilus bialowiezaensis GUTOWSKI 1993
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Platygerrhus millenius SZCZEPAŃSKI 1961
Centrobia annae KARPIŃSKI 1954
Ordo: Diptera
Poloniphora bialoviesensis DISNEY 1998
Megaselia henridisnei DURSKA 1998
Megaselia marekdurski DURSKA 1998
Megaselia trojani DISNEY 1998
Megaselia joannae DISNEY 1998
Megaselia teresamajewskae DISNEY 1998
Phora michali DISNEY 1998
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
• Aurantiporus priscus
Niemela T., Miettinen O., Manninen O. 2012. Aurantiporus priscus (Basidiomycota), a
new polypore from old fallen conifer trees. Ann. Bot. Fennici 49: 201 - 205
• Aporpium macroporum
Miettinen, O., Spirin, V. & Niemelä, T. 2012: Notes on the genus Aporpium
(Auriculariales, Basidiomycota), with a new species from temperate Europe. — Ann. Bot.
Fennici 49: 359–368.
• ?
• ?
• ?
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Białowieża National Park
Biodiversity hotspot
Lammi 2015
Renata Krzyściak-Kosińska
Thank you
for your attention