1. law, govt and politics
2. legal issues
3. legislation
4. tax laws

MONEY MATTERS
Money Smart Course
Indiana Department of Financial
Institutions
Copyright, 1996 © Dale Carnegie & Associates, Inc.
YOU WILL KNOW

The concept of budgeting

The benefits of budgeting

How to use a budgeting tool
WHY BUDGET?
A good way to start taking control of your
financial situation is to develop a savings
and spending plan This is called a
budget.
Budget
A step-by-step plan for meeting
expenses in a given period of time.
$
Benefits of Budgeting
 Reduces the anxiety of not knowing
whether you have enough money to
pay your bills when they are due,
 Gives you control of your financial
situation, and
 Helps you build assets and improve
quality of life for you and your family.
Benefits of Budgeting

Budgeting is about choiceschoosing
how to use your money.

Knowing what your income and
expenses are every month will help you
take control of your financial situation.

It is common for people to spend all the
money they make and not have anything
left over to save for their goals.
Benefits of Budgeting
How often have you taken $20 out of the
ATM and, at the end of the day, not know
where it all went?
If you want to be in control of your money,
it is critical you understand where your
money goes. One way to do this is to
keep a daily spending diary to record
everything you spend.
Daily Spending Diary
Day
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
What did I spend my money on today?
Daily Spending Diary
You can use this information to track your
spending over a period of time.
Each day take time to write down how
much money you spent that day and what
you spent it on.
Income & Expense Statement
Income
Wages
Expenses
$ 1,000
Public assistance
Fixed Expenses
Rent / Mortgage
$ 250
Other loan payments
$
Interest / Dividends
Day care / Elder care
$ 250
Social Security
Flexible Expenses
Other
Telephone
$
Food
$ 250
Transportation / Gasoline
$
50
$
50
Savings
$
25
Total Expenses
$1,200
Child support / Alimony
$ 300
Personal expenses
Total Income
$1,300
50
25
Income & Expense Statement
This worksheet will help you get a picture
of your income and expenses each month.
Below are some examples of income.
 Wages
 Public assistance  Child support
 Alimony
 Interest
 Dividends, and
 Social Security.
Income
What do you think is the difference
between gross and net income?
Gross income is your total income without
deductions. Net income is gross income
less Social Security and other taxes. This
is the amount you actually take home
Social Security
Why is so much money taken out of your
paycheck for Social Security?
Social Security is a potentially valuable
insurance plan. On some pay stubs, this
is called FICA, which stands for Federal
Insurance Contributions Act.
Social Security Benefits
 Retirement coveragebenefits paid
every month to eligible workers of all
ages who have a severe disability
 Disability coveragebenefits paid every
month to the spouses and children of
eligible retired and disabled workers
 Family coveragebenefits paid every
month to the spouses and children of
eligible retired and disabled workers
Social Security Benefits
 Survivors coveragebenefits paid
every month to the eligible widow or
widower and children of a deceased
worker
 Medicare benefits  help with
hospital bills, as well as limited
coverage of skilled nursing facility
stays, hospice care, and other medical
services at age 65, or younger if you
become disabled
Social Security Benefits
If you are 25 or older and are not already
receiving Social Security benefits, you will
receive a Social Security statement just
before your birthday every year. You can
also call the phone number listed on page
14 of your Take-Home Guide to request a
copy of y our statement.
The statement is a record of earnings you
have paid to Social Security taxes during
your working years.
Other Income Sources
You should be sure to consider whether
income sources are continuous or whether
they might stop in the near future. An
example would be unemployment
benefits.
You also might make adjustments for
income you receive on a yearly or
quarterly basis.
Expenses
Fixed expenses are items you have little or
no control over. You will pay a fixed
amount for these expenses each month.
 Rent / Mortgage
 Property taxes / insurance
 Trash collection
Expenses
The next expenses are those you have
some control over before the initial
agreement. They become fixed expenses
after you have signed a contract. You
should shop for the best value before
committing to the payments.
Expenses
These types of expenses are:
 Car payment
 Car insurance
 Other loan payments
 Health insurance
 Day care or Elder care
Expenses
The next expenses are flexible because you
can exercise some control over their amount.







Gas or Oil
 Electricity
Telephone
 Food
Transportation or Gas
Car maintenance
Education
Personal expenses
Savings
 Other
Expenses
Remember, you might need to plan for
expenses you have to pay quarterly or
annually. Such as insurance or taxes.
What should you do if your expenses are
more or less than your income?
Tips to Reduce Expenses
 Carry only small amounts of cash in your
wallet so you won’t spend it.
 Use direct deposit. You will be less likely
to spend money if it goes straight into
your account.
 Control your use of credit cards.
 Don’t go shopping just for fun.
Tips to Reduce Expenses
 Take your written savings goals with
your as a reminder.
 Buy only what you needdon’t buy
things just because they are on sale.
 Use coupons to save money.
 Use a grocery-shopping list to prevent
impulse buying.
 Take your lunch to work.
Tips to Reduce Expenses
 Shop around to get the best deal for
big-ticket items like cars and
appliances.
 Pay your bills on time to avoid late fees,
extra finance charges, utilities being
turned off, eviction, repossessions, and
the costs of a bad credit rating.
Tips to Reduce Expenses
Decreasing spending increases the amount
of money you have left each month. This is
also referred to as increasing your cash
flow.
Besides decreasing your spending and
obvious ways to increase your income, like
getting a second job, there are some options
for increasing your income you might not
have considered. Such as Earned Income
Tax Credit or EITC.
BUDGETING TOOLS
To successfully use any budgeting tool,
you must keep accurate records. The
budgeting tools we are going to discuss
will help you keep spending and savings
records.
Besides decreasing your spending and
obvious ways to increase your income,
like getting a second job, there are some
options for increasing your income you
might not have considered.
Recordkeeping Tips
 Keep information in a safe place
 Keep your files organized
 Keep records for at least three years
 Send your bill payments before
they are due
Monthly Payment Calendar
The Monthly Payment Calendar is another
way to help you keep a record of your bill
payments and due dates.
Monthly Payment Calendar
APRIL
SUNDAY
MONDAY
1
TUESDAY
2
3
WED
THURSDAY
4
$1000
paycheck
FRIDAY
SATURDAY
5
$300 child
support
6
7
$500 rent
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
$250 food
$50 credit card
$25 phone bill
22
23
$50 bus
29
30
$25 savings
24
25
26
27
$50 Personal
28
$250 child
care
BUDGETING
CONSIDERATIONS
If your budget shows you have more
expenses than income, there are ways to
get out of trouble. Remember, everyone
has different priorities. You will have to
make the decision that is right for you.
What payments do you think you should
make first if you don’t have enough money
to pay all of your bills?
Budgeting Considerations
Generally speaking, it is probably most
important to pay off your necessary
household expenses, such as rent or
mortgage, utilities, and food, first. You
need to pay your rent or mortgage to
ensure you don’t get evicted or have your
property foreclosed upon. Think about the
health and safety of your family when
making these types of decisions.
Budgeting Considerations
Many utilities, such as the telephone
company, electric company, and gas
company, have programs to lower your bill
if you qualify. If you think you need
assistance, contact your utility company.
If you can pay your monthly household
expenses, but are having trouble paying
all your loans, consider the following.
Loan Payment Decisions
 Pay off loans with the highest
interest rates
 Talk to your creditor
 Consider debt consolidation
 Get Professional advice