~ame lIIinerals _ Date __ . _ Class _ Name Guided Reading and Study Minerals \= II'-l - 1=' I).)._ Properties of Minerals _ Date _ Class _ • Guided Reading and Study Properties of Minerals (continued) This section explains what mincrats are and 11Olf'tlley call be identified. '.:1" Use Target Reading Skills As .'1011 read about properties of minerais. lise the hcadingsto complete the outline below. . Properties ~E3 of Minerals What Is a Mineral? A Naturally • Occurring B. Inorganic ~ c. D. _. E. II.. Identifying e. Use the concept map to write a definition of a mineral in your own words. You may use more than one sentence. _ _ Materials A. Color 3. Because minerals do not come from living things, they are said to be B._---,- . c. .. 4. A substance a(n) D. Density E. _ F. _ that keeps its shape because its particles can't flow freely is . .. 5. A solid with flat sides that meet at sharp edges and comers is called a(n) G. H. Special Properties What Is a Mineral? 1. Because minerals are formed by -processes that occur in the natural world, they are said to be " '~ 2. Complete the concept map that shows characteristics of minerals. ~ (; © PeUison EJulOnOn, lnc., nuLiilhing ul PeOilOnPlOn!;re linll. Allri~!ill "Ierved. 253 © PeollOl1 Eduootion, Inc., jlIJblishing os POOISOllPtentice Holi. All tigh~ reserved. 254 Name Name _ Date __ Class, Minerals Minerals 'Cif . elements _ Class __ • Guided Reading and Study Guided Reading and Study Properties of t.\inerals 6. Is the following sentence true or false? A mineral always contains certain , Date _ _ in defi~te pr~portions. (continued) .18. what is the Mohs hardness scale? ~ __ ~ __ ~_ -'- :;__ ~ _ 7. Is the following sentence true or false? Very few minerals are compounds. 19. The softest known mineral is _ distinct properties is a(n) 9. In what two ways can elements . . The hardest known mineralis 8. A substance formed when two or more elements combine and lose their (" 'l . 20. Is the following sentence true or false? A mineral can scratch any mineral harder than itself. occur in nature? __ 21. Is the following sentence true or false? Each piece of a mineral has the same crystal structure. 10. What are some examples of minerals that occur as elements instead of conlpounds? _ 22. How do geologists classify crystal structures? ~--------------------- Identifying Minerals 11. Is the following sentence true or false? Geol?gists have identified about 300 minerals. Definition Term 12. Is the following sentence true or false? Each mineral has its own specific properties. "'!', Match the term with its definition. ,J.....__ _ 13. Why can't color alone be used to identify most minerals? a. A mineral's ability to split easily along flat surfaces 23. cleavage 24. fracture b. A mineral's ability to glow under ultraviolet light 25. fluorescence c. The way a mineral looks when it breaks 14. The color of a mineral's powder is its _ 15. The term that describes how a mineral reflects ~ight from its surface is 16. Is the following sentence true or false? Minerals containing metals often have a shiny luster. _ 17. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the density of a mineral. a. A given mineral can have varying densities. b. The larger the sample of a mineral, ,the greater its density. c. Each mineral has a characteristic " density. d. The density of a mineral is its mass divided by its volume. ;~ © Pearson EdtKation, Inc., publishing os Pearson Prentice Hall. Allrights reserved. © Peorlon Educonon, Inc., publishing 01 Peorlon Prentice Holi. All rights relerved. 255 256 _ Name Date . Class _ Name _ Minerals Minerals (tZ. • _ Date _ Class Review and Reinforce • Review and Reinforce t::' 1.~4 - How Miner~ls Form P 1).1- (it Mineral below by fillillg in tile blanks. heats water underground. _ 2. and Mlnar8l(s) tools, machinery, light-bulb filaments, steel girders follow cracks within the rock. 1. ---,- 2. _ leave the solutions during cooling and as minerals. - The minerals form a narrow channel or slab in the rock called a(n) 4. questions jewelry, decoration, mechanical parts, abrasives _ 3. Al1swer thefollowillg Use(s) dissolve in the hot· water to form solutions. - These·solutions 3. ~ _ glass, electronic equipment ill the splices provided. 5. In general, what are the two ways in which minerals form? 4. 6. Describe conditions f=' (3S Fill in the blanks ill the table below. 1. _ Elements and compounds F 130- Understanding Main Ideas Understanding Main Ideas Complete tileflowe/wrt Resour~es in which large and small crystals are likely to form. y _ wallboard, cement, stucco . Anszoer thefollozoing questions in the spaces provided. 5. What are the three types of mines? (~ . (:'1 -. ..•. ,~~ 6. Describe the smelting of iron ore. 7. Describe how halite deposits f~rm. Building Vocabulary 7. Why are alloys useful? Describe an example. Fill in the bla.l1k to complete each statement. 8. A(n) is a mixture III which one substance is dissolved in another. 9. A(n) Building Vocabulary is a rounded, hollow rock that is often lined with mineral crystals. Fill in the blank to complete each statement. 10. The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a " crystal structure is called _ 8. A(n) is a solia mixture of two or more metals. 9. A(n) economically is a rock that contains a metal or useful mineral. 10. A process in which an ore is melted to separate the useful metal from other elements the ore contains is called c\\t © Pemsou Education, Inc, ,uLlishi~g 01 Peorson Prentice Hall. Allrights reserved. 267 © PeoBon Education, Inc., pu~~hiflg as Peil"Ofl PrenNceHall. Allr~hts reserved. 275 _ _ Name Minerals t _ • Date ---------- Class ---------- Guided Reading and Study Key Terms Use the clues to help you unscramble the key terms from Chapter 4. Then put the numbered letters in order to find the answer to the riddle. Clues Key Terms 1. It's how it looks when it breaks. 2. It contains two or more metals. 3. It could be shiny or pearly. tarfceur ----------1 ylaol ------ rutels ------- 2 3 4. It was never alive. rincanoig ----------4 rsaekt 5. It's the color of the powder. temsilgn 6. It includes melting. ------5 -------6 ratlycs 7. It has a repeating pattern. pucnoodm 8. It contains two or more elements. 9. It's valued because it's beautiful and rare. nsgoteem -------7 --------8 ----------9 situnloo 10. It's a mixture. 10 11. It's how it splits. elagveac 11 teemlen 12. It's composed of a single kind of atom. 12 Riddle: Why do some minerals glow? Answer: _ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "-." © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. 279