By Professor Barineme Beke Fakae Table of Content Chapter One The Challenge... resisting the risks and costs of comfortable inaction There are risks and costs to a program of action. But they are less than the long-range risks and costs of comfortable inaction. J.F Kennedy We live in a world full of challenges; from environmental sustainability to security; from organizational inefficiencies to corruption; from information overload to disease; from transportation to communication. All of these challenges inherently point out to solutions and opportunities for people to make or create a positive impact in the world we live in. Creating a positive impact in the world we live in has distinguished acclaimed world heroes and innovators like our dear Steve Jobs that just passed on, from others. Our story in the Rivers State University of Science and Technology (Nigeria’s premier university of science and technology) was not any different four (4) years ago when this administration assumed office. We saw the challenges and we earnestly sort for solutions that will make a remarkable, positive impact. Today, we seek to share the common challenge(s) in effective and efficient university administration and management; and the modest solutions we have been able to proffer through two main fronts namely: Resisting the risks and costs of comfortable inaction Re‐instituting sustainable university administration and management through ICT. Introduction The presentation in this chapter is a vivid description of the state of affairs in the Rivers State University of Science and Technology (RSUST) with regards to students’ records. Until the implementation of the electronic system and hosting of university’s portal, business was as usual students’ records fraught with errors that emanated from inconsistencies in the computation of matriculation numbers, course codes and units, test/examination scores and results and many more issues that are prevalent with manually handling too many records without a proper database system. It was on the heels of all these that the present administration sought for a way out through the introduction of an all encompassing portal to handle university’s administration for: a. Application processes into programmes b. Admission/registration processes for fresh students c. Payment of school fees Figure 1: Live online results of a student 4|Page d. Course registration processes for returning students e. Course assignment processes for heads of departments f. Result imputation processes for lecturers g. Computation of students’ results h. Migration of existing manual records i. Report generation tool for management j. Database administration and monitoring tool for administrators, etc. k. Email service for students and staff by Microsoft l. News update on academic and administrative activities It is worthy of note that the consultant that was hired before the present consultant took over, left without any record for the university and the ICT unit. Online Results ‘Palaver’ The first stage of the implementation was the migration of students’ manual results to the electronic platform. This first phase met with various discrepancy in students’ matriculation numbers. It was so alarming that the consultants had to call for help from the registry of the university. Though this challenge has been tackled to a great extent, some students still share the same matriculation numbers, with one being differentiated by a trailing “x”. For example: DE.2006/0384 and DE.2006/0384x belong to two (2) different students. This issue was minimal when compared to the indiscriminate use of course titles codes, units, etc as observed in some departments. When the Senate Assessment & Graduation Committee (A&GRC) agreed to the migration of results for all the students currently in the institution, it was strictly to ensure that all irregularities often seen in the manual system were laid to rest. A detailed plan was thus developed for the migration and cleaning of data. Given the level irregularities, this was planned to last through out the 2008/2009 session without disruptions. Some measures were taken to ensure a smooth running of the migration process. These include the following: Student verification exercise: this was done to determine the actual number of students in the school and also to filter out the number of impersonators. Thereafter, their individual data were migrated to the new platform (the electronic platform) which enabled them to make payments for all necessary fees and carry out various registration activities. Capacity development for lecturers; they were trained on how to enter scores and use this system. This was gladly welcomed by lecturers with faint understanding on how the system works. 5|Page At the end of the exams, lecturers moved to the IT Centre and entered their results online. With only 2007/2008 results online, it became necessary to properly migrate all students’ academic records of the academic sessions preceding the 2007/2008 session as to enable students carry out proper online course registration processes during the 2008/2009 session. The result migration process suffered some setbacks due to inefficiency on the part of some administrative staff that were in charge of ensuring that students’ academic records were properly kept. Some of the challenges with few examples made available are thus: Inconsistent Grades The ICT unit and the consultants had serious issues with conflicting grades as most students were assigned grades for courses that had already been passed in a previous session. It was also observed that some students who had reference courses according to the records but did not rewrite them were placed on clear standing (CS). This amounted to serious problems as most of the students presently claiming to be on clear standing fell into this category. Below are a few instances from the numerous issues: a. In Agric Engineering Year 3, 2005/2006 First Semester result, Student DE.2002/0131 and DE.2002/0155 had another set of grades in courses (AEC211 and MTH305 respectively), in Year 4 of 2006/2007 Session. b. In Petroleum Engineering Year 1, 2005/2006 Second Semester results, student DE.2005/0708 had another grade in ENG112 in Year 2, 2006/2007 Session. Varying Versions of Result: This is a situation where different versions of a particular departmental result were submitted to the ICT unit and the consultants. One of such cases is shown below: In the first submission of year one students’ results for the 2006/2007 academic session, a student with serial number 30 in Business Education (Management Option) was graded ‘F’ in BED111 which was known as ABS. In the second submission of the result, this particular student’s grade in the same course was observed to have been upgraded to an ‘E’. It was however noticed that this particular department’s result had several of such cases. When departments have more than one version of a semester or session’s results, the version submitted to the ICT unit might indicate that a student was awarded an “F” in a course but another version which the student might have seen earlier shows that the student was awarded a “B”. It is only when the student reports this through the online “Post Comment” link or in writing to the help desk that issues of this nature can be looked into with the help of the department and the needed correction effected. The question then is: how come a department has more than one version of a semester’s or session’s result? 6|Page The Case of Matriculation Numbers: This case can be compared only to an eye sore. Some result sheets were submitted without matriculation numbers for most students while some who had matriculation numbers were given wrong matriculation numbers that either did not exist or belonged to another student. There were also issues of students simultaneously sharing matriculation numbers; and since the matriculation number uniquely identifies a student, one of the parties ends up having no academic records. A few instances from the numerous issues are as follows: a. In Business Education (Accountancy option) 2005/2006 Year 3 First Semester, Serial numbers 306 and 309 shared the same matriculation number. b. Accountancy 2004/2005 Year 1 First/Second Semester results contained only the names of the students without matriculation numbers. c. In Banking and Finance 2006/2007 Year 3 Second Semester, Serial numbers 227 and 269 had conflicting matriculation numbers. d. The student with serial number 40 in Business Education 2006/2007 Second semester results claimed DE.2004/0504 as his matriculation number whereas, on the hard copy of the result, the matriculation number against the student’s name is DE.2004/4065. e. Serial number 13 in Chemistry, 2006/2007 Year 3 Second Semester result had a wrong matriculation number. f. Serial number 172 in Petroleum Engineering 2005/2006 First Semester Year 2 results had DE.2005/3883 as his matriculation number whereas in the 2006 /2007 second semester year three (3) result of the same department, his matriculation number was changed to DE.2004/3883 whereas his real matriculation number is DE.2004/3383. Conflicting Course Codes This is a situation where a course code is used to represent a particular course in a particular session and is still used to represent an entirely different course in another session; or in some other cases which seemed to be more frequent,, a particular course code is changed but made to keep its course title. For example: In the Faculty of Agriculture, department of Fisheries FAE200 was interchanged with FIS200, and FAE340 with FAE341. In most cases, the course codes were changed entirely like that of FAE315 that was changed to FAE311, FAE313 to FAE310, FAE331 to FAE330, etc a. Petroleum Engineering had MTH104, MTH105, MTH201, MTH202, MTH301 and MTH302 as Engineering Mathematics course codes instead of MTH105, MTH106, MTH205, MTH206, MTH305 and MTH306. Omission of Results It was observed that some pages of the result sheet were missing while some serial numbers were skipped in the entire result sheet. This made it possible for some students to have incomplete results. 7|Page Listed below are a few instances from the numerous issues: a. In Chemistry, 2006/2007 Year 3 Second Semester result, serial number 58 (Oziegbe Joseph: DE.2004/3427) was omitted. b. Twelve (12) students (serial numbers 103-115) on Petroleum Engineering 2004/2005 Year 1 Second Semester result were omitted on the result sheet submitted to the ICT unit which was given to the consultants. c. Serial numbers 10-14 on Accountancy; 2005/2006, Year 1 Second Semester result were omitted on First Semester result sheet. Unfinished and Delay in Result Submission Some faculties find it difficult to readily make results available as at when due. This made result gathering and computation more of a nightmare than a pleasurable task that is part and parcel of the University system. Blank Result There were cases of students whose names and matriculation numbers were on the results sheets but do not have any awarded grades in courses which they must have written tests/examinations. Currently, the consultants are receiving complaints through the online Post Comments link on the web portal from such students about omission of results. A case is serial number 75 in Computer Engineering, 2006/2007 Year 2 First Semester results where a blank result was given to Samuel Gift Allison whereas she claims to have grades. Spill Over Results The students in this group were expected to graduate in 2007/2008. This group includes students with matriculation number prefix DE.2000 and DE.2001 whereas migration of results started from DE.2002. The implication of this is that results of DE.2000 and DE.2001 have to be migrated. This is to enable the computation of their CGPA and final classification to be prepared online. However, the consultants have committed themselves to doing this, once the results are submitted to them. Missing Result Pages A result submitted with missing pages will obviously affect the students’ academic records. Thus an affected student who notices this is expected to lay complaints through the consultant’s ‘help desk’ or the Post Comments link on the portal. Once such issues come to the consultant’s notice, they will in turn notify the various faulting departments to submit the omitted pages or a complete copy of the said results. Often times, this takes the departments several days to sort out thereby causing delay for the consultants. It is only when those omitted results get to the Consultants that they can effectively handle the student’s issues. Until then, such omitted results can appear as dash for the student. All departments are expected to pass their results through the Senate Assessment and Graduation Committee (A&GRC) to the ICT Unit for onward migration and uploading. It is very disappointing to put on record that the Exams and Records Unit DO 8|Page NOT have most of the past results and barely have kept any students’ records. This is why the electronic system is now on ground, to ensure the centralisation of data (students’ records) for effective school administration. The solution to the challenges requires the efforts of the students, heads of departments, faculty officers and probably the examination officers of the various departments/faculties. As observed these challenges have resulted in the following: a. Incomplete online results for some students (maybe for a semester or session) b. Wrong online results (as the departments furnishes the ICT unit with results different from what the students already know) c. Delay in final classification of results d. Delay in NYSC e. Delay in course registration (as students needed to sort out outstanding results before they could register online) To give the school’s portal a human face the consultant ensured that students’ complaints were properly addressed at the Help-Desk in the ICT Centre. They also created an online Care-Centre where students post complaints by just clicking on the ‘Post Comments’ tab on the university’s web-portal www.ust.edu.ng. This ICT innovation is worthy of emulation and support, rather than castigation, with its present imperfections in its teething stage. Change has never been smooth without transition or transfer issues which most often than not is kept under control. dents in thee school no ow Presenttly, all stud do theirr course reg gistration on nline. ...And d Then th he Facultty of Law w! The ineefficient maanagement of records in the old system maade it so diffficult to tracck the pro ogress of th he students. Before now w, studentts usually went to Law Scho ool withoutt completing theirr academ mic obligatiion with th he school. This had leeft the univ versity man nagement and a its Sena ate helplesss to the po oint that theey can’t eveen rememb ber the lastt time Senaate approveed the facculty’s resu ult withou ut “executiv ve approvals”. ystem really made scchool. The manual sy caaricature of the nation’s premier U University off Science an nd Technolo ogy. O Online Pa ayments Sccratch card ds are the modern means m of payment; th hey are used to pay b bills and harge phones. Sin nce the allso to rech un niversity no ow runs a cashless c sysstem, all payments fo or servicess are by debit d or sccratch cardss. Students in the Faaculty of M Managemen p nine th housand t Sciences pay an nd five hun ndred nairaa (N9, 500.000) while sttudents in science based b prog grammes pay eleven thousand and five hundred h f per naaira (N11, 500.00) ass school fees seession. Beefore the in ntroduction n of the ellectronic sy ystem, it was possiible for m many studen nts to evad de the paym ment of scchool fees. Howeverr, this evassion has seeen its end as it is on reecord that students s arre paying a backlog off fees now. This is beecause the new system m creates a virtual acccount for all studen nts and help ps track th heir school fee paymen nts as well.. It also keeeps an electronic verssion of theiir school feees receipt for f any futture referen nces and use by the various v unitts in the un niversity uch as bursa ary, library,, clinic, etc. su orthy of notee to say thaat this proceess It is wo is being g frowned at a today and the Facullty of Law is required to put thin ngs in place to ensure that best prractice was enshrined, as ool well aas adhere to stipullated scho regulatiions. This made m the new n Dean of the Facculty work tirelessly to t ensure th he faculty was revam mped and best practiice was tru uly enshrineed. With th he help of th he ICT uniit and the consultant, c t faculty of the Law n now boastss of one of o the mo ost compreehensively migrated results as touchin ng studentss who are still in th he 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 2007 800 2008 600 2010 400 200 0 AGRIC ENGRG ENVSC FTSE LAW Figure 2:: Chart of Adm missions in the different fa aculties from 2 2007 9|Page SCI M MGT. SCI. Today, payments have been made easiier by the use of AT TM/ debit cards, whicch a paren nts to mak ke allow students and nts to the University U in n the comfo ort paymen of their homes from m any part of the world d. w system has h made it impossib ble The new for the students to t proceed to a sessio on withoutt paying th heir school fees. It will w interestt you to no ote that the RSUST pays the leasst fees in th he state com mpared to th he Rivers State Polyttechnic, thee Rivers Sta ate ducation an nd even th he Universsity of Ed Rivers State Colleege of Arts and Scien nce pts have beeen and yett all manneer of attemp made to o circumveent the systeem but to no n avail ass the system m restricts students s fro om carrying g out courrse registraation witho out paying their fees. Consequen ntly, lectureers do not ssee the stud dent’s namee on their lissts to enteer his scorres/grades in case th he studentt decides to attends claasses and tak ke tests/ex xaminationss. This has h made it impossiible for stud dents to beaat the system m. Previou usly, the university y had lo ost millionss to studen nt fraudsterrs. Studen nts who atttempted to o hack the system an nd were caaught and fined an Anti-fraud A fee f off five thoussand naira (N5, 000.000) rather th han being suspended. (This camee on the heeels of theeir claimin ng that theey were viictims and d not perrpetrators of the frraudulent accts). Th herefore, over two o hundred d (200) sttudents paiid the antii-fraud fee of five th housand naira (N5, 0000.00). This was w paid viia purchasee of anti-frraud scratcch cards w which was later co onverted to t Late A Administrat tion card. Late Registra ation W When a new w academic session beg gins, the scchool gives the retu urning stud dents a caalendar to help them m plan effeectively. Th he commen ncement of late registrration is cllearly stateed in the school’s calendar. Ev very studeent who failed to register during the normal school s regiistration peeriod is expected to pay a late reegistration fee f of five th housand naaira only (N N5, 000.00). of Port (IIn schools like the University U H Harcourt stu udents pay up u to 50% of their scchool fees as late registrattion fee) A After the peeriod of latte registratiion, any sttudent who o fails to reg gister is assu umed to haave forfeiteed the sessio on. 3000 0 2500 0 2000 0 2004 4/2005 2005 5/2006 1500 0 2006 6/2007 2007 7/2008 1000 0 2008 8‐2010 500 0 0 AGRIC ENGRG ENVSC FTSE Figure 3:: Graduationss by faculties ffrom 2004/20 005 session 10 | P a g e LAW SC CI MGT. SCI. The electronic system has made it impossible for students to outsmart the school’s management, as they did during the manual system. They had no choice but to succumb to the new system and pleaded with the management of the university as they were willing to pay for late administration because lecturers had already entered scores online and would require the ICT Unit to re-enter results of these students who fall within the late administration bracket. Conclusion Intel and Microsoft here in Nigeria have testified independently that RSUST is the foremost functional e-varsity in the country. Today, the university can boast of running the most robust campus management system which is still scalable. It has the largest ICT centre which houses over 600 computer units and it runs the largest IT academy in partnership with Microsoft, Cisco and Intel where students obtain world-class ICT certification from Microsoft, with complete training kits (Manuals, notepads, pens, etc). 11 | P a g e The Country’s premier University of Science and Technology is blazing the trail in the community of universities in Nigeria in the full adoption of technology in the development of education by ensuring best practice in the country’s educational system. This is one of the reasons why a University of Science and Technology was even set up in Rivers State in the first instance. This has paid off a great deal as the school is gradually assuming its place as the country’s Premier University of Science and Technology through the effective use of ICT in school administration. Sharing our initial challenges and some of the ways we worked around them is merely to make our story to be in the public domain to help other universities who are scared taking the big first step to bringing lasting changes; to take a cue and improve on what we have started. Remember, “the risks and costs of a longrange comfortable inaction far out-weighs the costs and risks of a programme of actions”, which is to ensure the effective and efficient running of our ivory towers through ‘ennovision’ as described in the next chapter. Chapter Two e-NNOVISION The blend of ‘e’ technology, innovation and vision brings the true value to any program of action; be it in education, administration, economy, banking, transportation, communication etc. – it is the right blend! B.B. Fakae 12 | P a g e The Rebuilding of an Ivory Tower 13 | P a g e Introd duction Many stories can n be told around th he n transformaation in thee Rivers Sta ate sudden Universsity of Scieence and Technology T – Nigeriaa’s premierr University y of Scien nce and Teechnology. One of su uch stories is central and is ind deed the k kernel of th he he successes experieenced so far - th on of an nd Informaation adoptio Commu unication Technology T in all straata of the scchool administration. ministration n, from its i The present adm wed key in nterest in th he takeoff date show adoptio on of ICT in n its day to day d activitiees, and thiis is what we w call “e-nnovision” – the aability to o mix on, innovatio electron nic/digital processes and doggeed vision for excelllence to achieve a beest ol administration. Th his practicee in schoo giant stride hass in just four yearrs, graduallly restored sanity in the on nce chaotic administtrative sysstem wheere academ mic records of studentts, records of staff, faacilities, eq quipment and all th hat make for good education n were not n d. The lack of vital da ata properlly managed Figure 4 4: RSUST's Wo orld‐class porrtal 14 | P a g e nd facts offten makess the manaagement an an nd administration off any orgaanisation allmost impo ossible and quite q difficu ult; little w wonder mosst of the universities u in our co ountry are a mere sh hadow of what w an iv vory tower ought o to bee. Th he presentt managem ment of thee Rivers Sttate Univ versity o of Sciencee and Technology therefore sourced fo or better w ways of gettting things done, thro ough the development of new processes and a the of In nformation n and deployment C Communicat tion Tech hnology in nto the un niversity sy ystem. To this end, the idea of o the devellopment T Master Plan that will off the ICT en ncompass the utilissation of digital teechnology in all transaction ns and prrocesses of the universsity was con nceived. Th his masterr plan wass initiated by the ad dministratio on to cateer for the various IC CTs and sy ystem revolution need ds of the un niversity; to bring it out frrom its in nglorious sttate and to leap l frog it into the co ountry’s first functionaal e-varsity.. A lofty am mbition it was, w and today we can n see the reeality of the foresight (e-nnovisio on) that w adopted was d. The deetailed and insightful ICT mastter plan ou utlined how w to use teechnology to improv ve processes in thee universiity manageement and a ad dministratio on. Troubleesome spots were dully recogniseed and deaalt with through analy ysis, synthessis and p proactive approachees to th he resolutiion of such issues by using u modern day teechnologiess necessarry for th he enhanceement of ad dministrativ ve producttivity in sch hool adminiistration. a b the mastter by One of the issues addressed ncludes thee ICT Centtre bluepriint plan in which is i a key do ocument in n the school’s ICT m master plan n formulatted for th he achieveement of thee following:: Settting up of a world-classs ICT centtre thatt will meet the ever grrowing need ds of IICT deploy yment in th he universiity and d the state att large. A centre th hat will oversee th he plementation of the ICT T master plaan imp for tthe institutiion. A centre tha at will su upervise th he ployment off ICT in the institution. dep A team that will han ndle repairrs, a help deesk issues for f maiintenance and the university community c y. Figuree 5: World Classs RSUST ICT Center 15 | P a g e A sourcee for generrating income and revenue for f the univ versity. IC CT Plan aand Infraastructurral D Developm ment Th he blueprin nt for the ceentre also co ontained th he way th he ICT resources r w will be deployed ass well as define d app propriate oles for thee existing staff s of thee centre. ro Th he blue print gave a new n chart of o course an nd directio on to the en ntire univeersity as th he centre began to con nsult directtly with th he ICT co onsultant contacted c by the scchool’ admiinistration. The undersstanding frrom the blueprint b g gave rise to the ap ppointmentt of the Director of the ICT C Centre as th he Chief In nformation Officer (C CIO) of thee institution. – This ensured th hat an officeer in the un niversity waas made reesponsible for the ma anagement of data, reecords and d other infformation that t the scchool requirres for effecctive runnin ng of its day to day acctivities. With the IC W CT centre bllueprint alsso came th he restructu uring and equipping g of the IC CT centre. The bluep print was detailed en nough to indiicate w workable infrastructure an nd personn nel for th he This gave th he preseent centre. he adminisstration dirrection to renovate th entire IICT centre with the intention of prepariing it for thee vision set in the mastter plan. T centre ha as since beeen developeed The ICT in p partnership p with corpora ate organissations who o believed in the IC CT master plan pressented to them t by th he universsity. Donor organisattions such as the Insurance National Depossit Petroleu um Corporaation (NDIC), Technology Development Fund (PTDF F), ( Nig ger Educatiional Trusst Fund (ETF), Delta D Developmen nt Commisssion (NDDC C), Intercon ntinental Bank Plcc, Nation nal Commu unication Commissiion (NCC C), Total E & P, CH HEVRON Plc, P and th he Nigeriaan Liquefied d Natural Gas (NLNG G) have alll made theeir modest ccontribution ns to the aachievemen nt of these giant stridees. The cen ntre was in nitially equiipped with h a 100KVA A generato or which serves as a power back up for the cen ntre with 3550 computters. Todaay, the ceentre has a 275KVA A generato or to supply power to over 6600 compu uters with hin the IC CT Figure 6 6: RSUST Worlld Class ICT Ceenter 16 | P a g e omplex. Th his is to ensure e thatt power co ou utages do not n hinder the workab bility of th he centre. As it stands today, the ICT centree carters A fo or the everr growing needs of capacity c development, maintenance and support or the univeersity. The centre has given a fo cllear-cut dirrection of its i function nality as w as its in well nherent poteentials. It iss worthy off note to mention m at this point that the IC CT centre is housin ng two (2)) world accclaimed academies a which willl bring w world classs capaciity devellopment acctivities wiithin the reach r of sttaff and sttudents of the universsity commu unity as w as the en well ntire Riverss people. Th he centre serves s as th he nerve ceentre of co onnectivity and oth her ICT related acctivities. It therefore houses h the internet in nfrastructurre of the university u a and also th he connecttivity back kbone requ uired to distribute in nternet as well as intranet acctivities witthin the uniiversity. Th he universsity has one of the largest in nternet ban ndwidths in n the regio on. The ceentre which h had 512k kbps/1024k kbps has been upgraded to o 2Mbps/4Mbps in th he w months. Frree internett access to th he last few universsity commu unity and its environs in the firsst year of this t adminiistration was w done to o create aw wareness off ICT on th he campuss and its environmen e nt as well as give a head startt on the surge s of IC CT y communiity activitiees that thee university has exp perienced. We W believe the messag ge was weell sent and d the gesture welcomeed by all meaningfu ul stakehollders of th he unity. Howeever, with th he universsity commu increaseed need of bandwidth h to cope wiith activitiees in th he centre for daata manageement and d staff access to th he internett, the interrnet coveraage has no ow been localised to the t ICT cen ntre and oth her m availab ble to the keey internett sources made officers and all professo ors of th he wly universsity. Neverttheless, witth the new upgrad ded bandwiidth of 2M Mbps/4Mbp ps, ntre will resume r intternet acceess the cen around the campu us again for the benefit of all. verhaul an nd Just reecently, a major ov capacity y developm ment for IC CT staff was w carried out to ensu ure that thee university y’s ICT cen ntre meets all the oblligations an nd Figure 7 7: Welcome to o RSUST Onlin ne @ www.ust.edu.ng. 17 | P a g e uge responsibilities beefore it. hu Besides, the ICT Centre’s blueprrint, the niversity IC CT master plan also has the un ellectronic caampus man nagement solution ass a major ace to up turn mostt of the siituations th hat had bed devilled the smooth ru unning an nd admin nistration of the un niversity. e eCampus Apart from A m the dep ployment of the haardware infrastructuree and settin ng up of th he univerrsity’s IC CT centree, this ad dministratio on also too ok the bulll by the ho orn by partnering p with ed ducation so olution pro oviders – Cinfores Ltd to prrovide a robust r and d scalable campus m management t solution – e-Campus.. Th his solution n is adjudg ged the besst in the co ountry. It is of th he platform m that in ntegrates most of the acctivities carrried out by y studentss, staff an nd visitors of the un niversity. So ome of the highlights of o e-Campu us are as fo ollows: Registtration o of Studen nts The e-C Campus hass a module that registeers studentts; both fresh and d returnin ng studentts can carry y out theirr registratio on activitiees online. Some S of su uch activitiies includee: Paymeent of feess: Before now, mostt students could c escap pe n paying fees beccause therre were no controlss for checks and baalances. It is possiblee that som me studentss could hav ve graduatted withou ut making ffees paymeent to the school. s Today, the storry is differeent as all sttudents mak ke their pay yments for all a necessaary fees on nline via scratch s card ds initially y but moree recently, through th he debit card which recharges their virtu ual oday, paym ment of fees is accountts online. To what makes m a student to o have th he followin ng privilegees: view w a semester result in registereed courses takee examinations enab ble lecturrers to input theeir scorres/grades scho ool identificcation card d secure ho ostel accom mmodation C Course Reg gistration: With the eC W Campus solu ution in pllace, the sttudents are able to reg gister their semester s co ourses onlin ne. This acction enablees every sttudent to o have theirr records properly p keept and to follow w their accademic prrogress fo or each seession. Th his also en nables lectu urers to en nter the sccores of sttudents witth ease. Sincce the activ vities are caarried out online, o lectu urers can allso enter th heir scores at their con nvenience either e at th he ICT centtre or in th he comfort of their ho omes or offfices. This has proveed to be on ne of the grreatest mov ves to restorre sanity to o the studen nts’ record--keeping sy ystem of th he school as a it has eliminated all the irrregularitiess often ex xperienced due to co ourse codees, improp per calculaation of C CGPA and their t likes that had leed to so m many wrong g records in the school. Course Asssignmen C nts/Scorre e entry Th he solutio on has diifferent lev vels of prrivileges asssigned to its i various users. It giives the Heeads of Dep partment thee course Figure 8: Course Reg gistration Rep port Live ‐ Onee of the Reporrts from the p portal 18 | P a g e assignm ment privileege and enaables them to assign courses to o the lecturers in theeir ments. departm gned to theem Lectureers with courses assig have th he privilegee of enteriing scores of studentts who reegistered th heir coursees. This m makes the system to control th he scores entered e by each e lectureer and mak kes them reesponsible for the outcome of th he scores eentered in the coursess assigned to them. However, H o owing to deelays and th he inability y of som me lecturerrs to do it themsellves, the IC CT unit of th he universiity is also helping ou ut in the en ntry of scorres he lecturerss can easily y confirm th hat while th the scores entered d tallies witth what theey n their scoree sheets. have on prroved difficcult. W With the e-ccampus, thee story is different. d Lecturers an nd examin nation officcers no onger have to bear th he brunt off having lo en ndless calcu ulation of CGPAs C and d results off students.. Once th he lecturerss finish en ntering thee scores of the studeents, the sy ystem autom matically ca alculates thee CGPA off the studen nts. Parents and guardians also have a good o monitor the accademic pllatform to prrogress of their child dren and wards w as th hey can hav ve firsthand d knowledg ge of the sttudent’s acttivities in scchool. Other interesting modu O ules of the package p in nclude: Result Compu utation A Accommo odation: This is one aspect of studentss’ record th hat huge challeenge to the personnel at posed h the exaaminations and record ds unit of th he school. Some graaduating sttudents hav ve had dellays due to negligence or erroneou us computtation of scores and CGPAs. C Theere have alsso been issu ues with keeeping prop per recordss of studentts in files ass storage an nd wareho ousing of paper p resultts have ofteen In nitially, thiss module allows a the students s to o pay for th heir hostel accommod dation if th hey have been alloccated one. It also en nables them m to know their t roomm mates as th hey are ablee to view th heir profiles before th hey even meet m them.. It forms a good pllatform to o monitor and traack the acctivities of a set of people p in a given ro oom. Preseently, this module haas been Figure 9:: Report of au utomatic hosteel booking an nd allocation ffrom the porttal 19 | P a g e upgrad ded to enab ble studentss to book for f modation online o and secure roo om accomm and bed spaces on o first com me-first serv ve The system m automatically assign ns basis. T room/b bed spaces and helps improve on o the trransparency y in han ndling succh matterss. Accou unts/Recceipts With th he online so olution, stud dents are ab ble to take their receip pts with theem wherev ver they waant to virtuaally as long g as they hav ve access to the uniiversity’s portal. p Wheen nts are maade online,, the systeem paymen keeps a proper lo og of the payments an nd makes receipts r avaailable and accessible to the stu udents at an ny time. This T makes it also veery easy fo or the sch hool to cleear studentts at the po oint of grad duation sin nce the sch hool has a virtual log of all a paymen nts made by y students. Staff Data and d Facilityy Audit The onlline solutio on has a feaature for staaff directorry and prrofile of all a the staaff membeers of the university in a bid to providee a one stop s shop for humaan resourcce needs of the universsity. An aud dit processs was initia ated which h has helpeed the uniiversity seee areas of need in th he Figure 10: Live repo ort of the Staff ff Directory on n the portal 20 | P a g e niversity and a can in nitiate recrruitment un prrocesses wiithout difficculties. Fu urthermoree, the system m has been made to in nclude a facility f man nagement module th hat aids th he universitty in the effective e m management t of its faciilities and properly p acccount for all a proceedss that would d accrue to o the univerrsity. R Result Vie ew Sttudents off the uniiversity with w the eC Campus platform p frrom the sessions un nder review w are able to o view theirr results on nline witho out moving g from one lecturer to o the otherr as was th he case. Th his also giives them the platform m to comp pulsorily reegister co ourses theey failed before reegistering new n coursess in a new session. Itt also takes away alll the irregularities sttudents aree fond of en ngaging in such as reegistering and a seating g for moree exams th han their reequired maaximum creedit unit caan accomm modate. Parrents and sponsors s off students are also able to viiew the reesults of theeir children/ /wards. R Report Ge eneratio on Th he e-Camp pus solution n also has a special report generation n module that mak kes of departmeent, lecturerrs, deans an nd heads o other privileged p staff of th he universiity includin ng the ma anagement team of th he universsity to geneerate reportts concernin ng the day y to day affairs a of th he universiity online, real time. This has indeed i giveen f manageement the needed impetus for quick decision d mak king as welll as carry out o effectiv ve planning g and budg geting for th he universsity. Basic sttatistics aree readily maade availab ble to stak keholders without recourse to excusess. Comm municatio on Toolss Staff an nd studentss of the un niversity no ow enjoy free emaiil system (hosted by b oft). The email e whicch is on th he Microso live@ed du platform m gives ev very studeent and staaff of the university u a ust.edu.n an ng domain n for the email acttivities. Th his makes the universsity amongsst the first in the country to achiieve this feaat. ortal prov vides SMS services to The po subscrib bers and enables e theem send SM MS to theirr loved oness within and outside th he y at a ridiculously lo ow rate. Th he country portal also a has a new n featuree for bulletin ns nline. This informs staff, s students and on viisitors on the up-to-d date activitties and ev vents in thee university. A Administr ration Th he system which w has privileges p a assigned to o administra ators so thaat they can have an ov verview of all activitiees that go on, also giives the school s man nagement a total ov verview off the all activities a th hat take pllace on thee portal. Th his ensures that the sy ystem is no ot hijacked by either students s orr staff for any reaason. The school m management t through h this privilege p m monitors all the activitties carried d out by in ndividual students s and lectureers. The co ourses regiistered by all the students, nu umber of students and dettails of sttudents wh ho register a particularr course; co ourses that have been n scored, paayments m made, appliccation in to o programm mes can alll be viewed d. With all theese featuress, the univeersity is W no ot spending g any moneey from its purse p to m make it worrk. Rather, the school is even geenerating income frrom the services offfered by th hese alumn ni of the insstitution (C Cinfores Lim mited). Witth a three (3) year Figure 11:: Live real‐tim me report of scchool fees payyments from the portal 21 | P a g e memoraandum of understand u ding in placce, the sch hool is not only geneerating fund ds through h the MoU with Cinfo ores Limiteed, it is alsso reformin ng the instiitution’s da ata manageement systeem which was w not eveen working at all. This T is do one with th he ve deploym ment and traaining of th he effectiv w ultimateely staff of the universsity who will adminisster and manage m the system wiith the sup pport of the consultant. Result Migrattion In ord der to maake the new n campu us manageement veery usefu ul to th he manageement, stafff and stud dents of th he universsity, the present p ad dministratio on took a bold step to t migrate the t results of he studentts from the year 2000 till date. Th project though challenging c g, has gon ne miles to prove p the chaos c of th he many m existing g manual computatio on of resullts and reccord keepiing in the school. Th he project lasted for a year and d has gonee a way to help the univ versity min ne long w results of studentss and regulaarised it to fit into thee present e-ccampus sysstem. ore, all stud dents of th he universiity Therefo can heenceforth, view all their resullts nline and get theirr transcrip pts and on sttatement of o results the t moment they grraduate from m the univeersity. Sttudents’ tra anscripts ca an also be viewed by y other sch hools and organisatio ons who w wish to do so at the insstance of thee school au uthority via the ICT Unit. Pareents and sp ponsors aree also ablee view thee entire reesults of th heir wards from their year of en ntry to the year y of grad duation with h a click off the button n. Th his wholee project which co ost the un niversity ab bout N13m m to achievee is one off the resou unding successes of the t new sy ystem. Thee bold step p was onee of the reeforms thaat was misconstrue m ed and m misrepresent ted in man ny quarterss. Some sttaff and students held to it as the cause of so ome of thee demonstrrations and d strike acctions experienced lately in i the un niversity bu ut the fact remains r thaat it was on ne move th hat exposed d the rot that had piiled up over o the years, y causing the un niversity to o seem like ‘a dead and d buried pllace’. It let out so maany cans off worms th hat have led to the in nitiation of various reeform prog grammes that t will aid the un niversity in n its quesst for worlld class Figure 12 report of scoree entry by leccturers on thee portal 22 | P a2: Real‐time r ge educatiion. he time of this reportt, we are sttill As at th working hard to correct c the mistakes m an nd made in resu ults that weere submitteed errors m for mig gration by the t various departmen nts and facculties in th he university y. Today, we w have paast the stag ge of trading blames but b we kno ow the scarrs of the wound will be b there to o remind us u all of th he bold step ps that weere taken to bring the university u o out of the w woods of poor p record dkeeping an nd manageement w which th his preseent adminisstration inh herited and d decided to change for the beetterment of o the Riveers people and the cou untry at larg ge. WLAN N, Internet and In ntranet The p present ad dministratio on of th he universsity has tak ken a deciisive step to ensure that the e-campus (e-v varsity) visio on ot end at the ICT centrre. Hence, th he does no adminisstration had d to invest over o N10m to deploy wireless local arrea network nfrastructurre in all th he facultiess of the in un niversity, to ensu ure the gradual in ntegration of o the vario ous facultiees of the un niversity. This T gesturee, made it possible p fo or over 60% % of the un niversity cam mpus to haave a wireeless cloud d that can connect th hem to the internet. i With a band W dwidth bein ng upgradeed from 5112kbps/1m mpbs to 2Mbps/ /4Mbps, sttudents and d lecturerss can easily y locate ho otspots and make use of the internet w without so o much stress. Th his has prrovoked sttaff and sttudents to acquire laaptop and desktop d com mputers as well as m mobile phon nes that can n easily mak ke them co onnect to th he internet. With no resstriction to o the acccess in th he first year y of deployment,, the univerrsity adminiistration haas already projected strategies through w which it can c repay for the annual baandwidth subscriptiion as well w as efffectively co ontrol the use u of the internet w within the un niversity neetwork. Already, thee existing WLAN A W nettwork is grradually fo orming thee school’s n network baackbone. Plans hav ve already y been Figure 13:: Internet, WLLAN and Intra anet infrastruccture at the R RSUST ICT Cen nter 23 | P a g e concluded by the ICT centre and the school’s ICT consultants on ways to establish an intranet as this will save staff and students the time and financial resources spent while using the internet to access information that can be hosted locally via the school’s intranet. To this end, the centre now hosts the offline (intranet) version of the portal http:\\intranet\ust.edu.ng\. This portal on the intranet is synchronised with the main portal which is hosted as www.ust.edu.ng every 24 hours. This we believe will aid the university community to have access to reports and other features via the intranet at little or no extra cost. This will also be the platform to enable staff and students have access to the elibrary of the university with little or no difficulty. With the intranet backbone completely deployed, lecturers can dump lecture notes and videos for easy access by the students any point in time; making learning more convenient and interesting. However, as a result of the huge cost of the maintenance of bandwidth subscription and the inherent cost for effective sustenance, the university has limited the broad band service to the ICT centre, while it has opened discussions with Internet Service Providers like MTN, and Vangage Limited for the provision of a campus area network latching on to the existing backbones created. This will make the service available at affordable rate to university community and ensure that the providers take responsibilities of the sustenance and maintenance of the infrastructure at little or no cost to the university. This model of 24 | P a g e sustainable partnership is one way of reaching our goals without having serious monetary challenges or commitment to projects. CAP RSUST The introduction of the campus area network via the deployed WLAN and intranet has made it more necessary for staff and students of the university to acquire technology and build up their capacity in order to maximise the use of the technology acquired. To this end, the university and its ICT consultants and partners (Intel, Microsoft and Beta Computers) launched a special computer acquisition programme tagged: Computer for All Programme (CAP) RSUST. The programme was launched on the same day the university officially opened the PTDF/NDIC ICT centre. It got support from all stakeholders in the educational sector; the Deputy Governor of Rivers State, the ICT adviser to the Governor, the then Head, House Committee for Education, now the LGA chairman of Ogu/Bolo LGA, staff and students of the university as well. The programme which is geared towards the acquisition of computers (laptops and desktops) with a relaxed payment mode of N20,000 – N30,000 down payment and a 12 - 24 month payment plan was aimed at ensuring that all staff and students of the university acquired technology and move at the pace of the university at affordable rates. The programme is on-going and has recorded a remarkable success as many students and staff of the university have subscrib bed for theeir systemss while som me others have h already received their t laptop ps. niversity administrat a tion believ ves The un that thiis gesture will also aid a in the ‘e‘ varsity’’ quest and more espeecially aid th he universsity to pro ovide qualitty educatio on for all iits studentss; in the sam me vein, heelp lecturerrs to be more m producctive in theeir pursuitt of both acaademic and d profession nal nce. excellen Capaccity Deve elopmen nt and the RSUSTT Inform mation Te echnologgy Acade emy (ITA A) With so much attention n given to c th his deployiing ICTs in the campus, adminisstration ha as also heeld in hig gh esteem,, capacity y develop pment. Th he question often arisses – if all th hese e-varsiity n place, wh ho will driv ve structurre is put in the proccess to mak ke the e-varsity, happen n? Of courrse, it requires staff an nd students to make iit happen. And this can only be b possiblee if they acq quire technology as weell as its teechnical kno ow-how. Th his reasonin ng made tthe manageement to integrate IC CT Figure 14: W World‐class tra aining availablee at the RSUST ITA 25 | P a g e velopment into the school’s caapacity dev IC CT master plan. To th his end, pro ovisions w were made to t ensure th hat the instittution is liccensed to have h Inform mation Tech hnology A Academies f both CIS for SCO and Microsoft M C Corporation - the world’s largest neetworking and softw ware devellopment co ompanies. As A it stand ds today, th he ITAs arre set and ready to trrain staff, students s an nd the gen neral public on up to date developments in the IC CT worlds. The T ITA grammes fo or both offfers certifficate prog C Cisco and d Microssoft proffessional ceertificationss. It is attestted to be on ne of the beest in the co ountry, amongst the seven (7) in n Nigerian n universitiies. In thee entire so outh-south, it is th he only licensed M Microsoft academy in n operation n as at w when it wass deployed and impleemented on n the campu us. Th his gives students and staff of the un niversity th he edge of being b up to o date in th he ICT worlld. Also thiis has an im mpact on th he institutio on as all staaff and stud dents are ex xpected to undergo u a basic b coursee in ICT an nd digital lifestyle l – a course tailored to su uit Microso oft’s basic an nd essentiaal course on n digital liteeracy. u a are All acaademic stafff of the university expecteed to go through an n ICT courrse tagged: 21st Century Educatio on Skills. Th he i to exposee them to th he role of IC CT course is in educcation in th he 21st century and also new teeaching , learning and scho ool adminisstration ap pproaches that will ad dd up to make the university world classs. gh staff didn’t make the most of Althoug the opp portunity when w it availled itself ass a result of o the strikee actions, th he universiity manageement is using oth her veritab ble means tto ensuring g that the reequired skills are acqu uired by alll staff of thee university. Studentts on the otther hand, are expecteed to go tthrough a compulsory c y ICT courrse during their stay in the un niversity. Th he T and Digittal course which is tagged: ICT he Lifestylle is put together to help th studentts appreciatte the role ICT plays in modern n education n and workp place. This is specificcally design ned to aid graduates of the univ versity hav ve a compettitive edge in their qu uest for goo od jobs or start s up theeir own bu usinesses aftter their graaduation. Th he senate o of the univeersity has approved a th his training g and requiires every student s fro om he 2008/200 09 session to o get a certification th frrom the academy beforre graduatio on. Unfortunatelly, the strik U ke actions have also leed to the rep pealing of th his senate decision. d In n spite of th his, studentts of the un niversity sttill attend the t ITA to shore up their IT sk kills. So far,, over 1000 students s haave gone th hrough the IT Academ my and hav ve been ceertified by the univerrsity and Microsoft M C Corporation. . Sttudents of Computerr Engineeriing and C Computer Sccience havee been enco ouraged to o acquire a professiona p al certification from eiither of the two (2) acaademies run n by the un niversity as a the co ost of run nning a ceertification programmee in the RSU UST ITA iss far cheap per compa ared to tho ose run ou utside the campus. These T acadeemies in th he school arre run at thee education prices. Members off the publiic have alsso been M en njoined to take t advanttage of the benefits off the ITA which is poised p to increase digital literaacy in the state and th he Niger D Delta region n as a whole. Presen ntly, the N NDDC is run nning somee of its prog grammes in n the ITA. The T United Nations an nd other orrganisation ns also usee the acadeemy for Figure 1 15: Students iin a practical ssession at thee RSUST ITA 26 | P a g e other training mmes. program and certificatio on Electrronic Exaaminatio on and Testin ng Anotheer wonderfu ul breakthrrough in th his adminisstration’s “e-nnovision n” is the use u of eleectronic processes p to manag ge examin nations in th he university. It was firrst tried an nd tested during thee university y’s Post Unified Tertiary T M Matriculatio on nations (UT TME) in th he 2008/2009 Examin session. It has ind deed been a wonder to w write Post UTM ME many. Students who nation in th he school can c see theeir examin results on the sp pot and can n get resullts on. online ttwo (2) hours after the examinatio This feat, has giv ven the sch hool the beest i terms of conducting g Post UTM ME record in in the country. he story bein ng told natiionally, abo out With th the caapabilities of the university u to conduct nic hittch-free electron nations, o organisation ns examin many includin ng banks, th he PTDF, National N opeen Universsity and many m otheers, use th he Figure 116: First Semester 2010/2011 IFS electronic EExamination 27 | P a g e uccessful ceentre on a regular bassis for a su ru unning of one electroniic test or thee other. With all of th W hese experieences, the quest q for trransparency y and the need to driv ve the ‘e’ cu ulture as to o achieve best b practicee in the ad dministratio on of e-testing,, the m management t of the university u a and the leeadership of o the Instittute of Fou undation Sttudies (IFS)), in partnership with the ICT C Centre and the ICT conssultants, in ntroduced the t electron nic examinaations in th he conduccting of all exam minations ad dministered d by the IFS – the insttitute in ch harge of gen neral studiees in the uniiversity. Figure 17: Students of tthe National O Open Universityy of Nigeria taking their examinations at thee World Class Adaptive ng and e‐testin ng center RSUSTT e‐learnin As at th he time of th his report, the t electron nic examin nations for regular an nd part tim me studentts have beeen conclud ded. Studen nts were ab ble to view w their resullts at the en nd of each examinatio on. he This haas eliminatted malpraactice to th barest m minimum and a helped the lectureers managee some of the very large l classees’ examin nations with h the needed d control an nd decorum m. We beelieve that it has also removeed all the posssibilities of victimissation of students by lectureers thereby y creating the t environ nment wheere genuinee scholarlly pursuiit will be b rightfullly rewardeed without prejudice. p ICT Paark The adm ministration n also has the vision to use the ICT masteer plan and programm mes to aid the statee in its technologiccal acquisittion and capacity developmeent drive for f its citiz zenry. To this t end, th he universsity is alrea ady in disccussion wiith the staate govern nment, RS SSDA, Inteel, Microso oft and other local OE EMs to set up u a com mputer man nufacturing g (assemblly) plant in n the univeersity that will w meet th he 28 | P a g e software and haardware, development needs of th he state. c capacity Already, mo A ore partnerss and collab borators arre showing g interest to ensure that it haappens. Consequent C tly, the present ad dministratio on has allready gon ne into discussions for the developmen d nt of a T ICT Park k which bllueprint of the RSUST in ntends to o create over 2000 job op pportunitiees for indig gene graduates. It w also creeate other auxiliary jo will obs and seervices th hat will gainfully employ an nother set of 200 grad duates of tthe state orrigin. Th he assemblly line whiich is mean nt to be ju ust a part of the pa ark is expeected to prroduce an n average of 500 units u of co omputers for the state on a daiily basis th hereby meeeting the hardware h n needs of th he state and d even beyo ond. The assembly lin ne, we beliieve will haave the cap pacity to sccale up to 100% in less than one o year baased on pattronage. Th he proposeed PC assem mbly line, certified c neetwork and d system engineers, e s software developers, entrepreneeurs (start-u ups and a venture capitaliists are seeasoned) and being put together in an ecosystem that is expected to stimulate another silicon valley in the Niger Delta as Stanford University did in the USA. With the support of all stakeholders we see another Silicon Valley emerge in Rivers State and the Niger Delta region providing viable alternative to oil and gas that has been the mainstay of the state and region. We believe this quest will not only create jobs for the Rivers people but will also make the state an ICT hub for outsourcing and related activities. Online Content Development and Management A major characteristic of a fully functional e-varsity is e-learning. This cannot be said without the presence of electronic teaching and learning contents deployed to and by stakeholders in the teaching and learning mechanism of the university. With the presence of a working campus area network in the university, it is possible for the development of an online content for teaching and learning. Part of the capacity development for lecturers is the use of ICTs and ICT related productivity tools to develop online teaching tools and contents for students. These contents would include streaming videos, audio presentations, electronic books, handouts, etc. Already, the ICT unit of the university is discussing with some lecturers who are willing to release some of their publications to be used as trial versions of the online content development. Also as part of the launching phases, lectures will be recorded both as video and audio, and 29 | P a g e optimised for use as online learning content via the intranet. E‐Senate In the bit to entrench the digital culture in the University the leading slogan “Learn Computer by the Use of Computer” was floated. In line with this, the University has undertaken to run a paperless senate and this has made it mandatory that members of the University Senate access the Senate papers from the sub server at Senate Chamber with their personal eends (Laptops, notebooks, notepads and iPads). Conclusion The visionary leadership of this present administration through the use of ennovision is actively geared towards restoring the university to its enviable position as the premier University of Science and Technology as well as making the university’s graduates world-class. Undoubtedly, the introduction of ICT in the University has changed the way the business of education is conducted. The journey is on, and the distance covered makes it certain that this administration will implement all its aspirations of making the Rivers State University of Science and Technology the pride of the Rivers people and Nigerians in general as we journey into making Nigerian education world-class via the “ennovision”. Ackno owledgement CT, for his donation and a supporrt in the IC trraining of sttaff of the University U in n ICT. The IC CT developm ment in th he Universiity could n not have beeen possiblee without th he supportt and undeerstanding of staff an nd studentts of the Un niversity. We W thank theem for theirr solidarity and suppo ort. We appreciaate the chaallenge thro W own by H Excellenccy Rt Hon Chibuike Rotimi His A Amaechi, CON, the Ex xecutive G Governor off Rivers Staate and Visitor which spurred us to strivee to meett the man ndate of the U University reescuing from in nfrastructurral and acad demic decay y. nd thanks also goes to t the youn ng Profoun men an nd women,, mostly th he Alumni of this Un niversity wh ho were tou uched by th he decay that existed and came tto the clario on hip call of tthis adminiistration forr partnersh to rebu uild this grreat citadell of learnin ng through h interven ntion with informatio on and com mmunicatio on technolo ogy. For th his we waant to sin ncerely ap ppreciate th he manageement and d staff of Cinforres Limited d, and Mr Ibifuro Asawo and his h colleagu ues who worked w asssiduously to migratee data and d setup a World Claass Campuss Managem ment Portaal for th he Universsity's onlinee processes. a go to the speciial Sincere thanks also adviserr to the Riv vers State Governor G on o 30 | P a g e Lastly, we appreciate a t the Most High H for H wisdom,, protection His n, provision n, favour an nd grace forr the journeey so far. Prof Ba arineme Bek ke Fakae Vice Chhancellor Octobber, 2012.
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