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Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
Contact us : webmaster@grafton-nz.com
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
What is Equixanthin TM ?
・ EquixanthinTM is produced by a natural (non-GMO) soil microbe using highly controlled
cGMP fermentation and DSP facilities.
・ EquixanthinTM is a new, all natural source of Astaxanthin in the non-esterified form with
3S,3’S I isomer.
・ It is differentiated from other sources by being a natural blend of a number of antioxidant
xanthophylls.
・ In addition to Astaxanthin, EquixanthinTM also contains Adonirubin and Adonixanthin,
xanthophylls with 2-3 times the antioxidant power of Astaxanthin.
・ EquixanthinTM is stable and safe. Passed safety study for feed additives. < 3% loss after
1 month at room temperature(25℃).
・ EquixanthinTM improves many health conditions in horses: primarily azoturia/tying-up,
susceptibility to ulcers, skin diseases, fertility issues in stallions and mares and throat
infections in sale yearlings.
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
2
Equixanthin TM Production Overview
Paracoccus carotinifaciens (natural soil microbe)
Fermentation
Grinding
0.2μm
Concentration
Mixing
Drying
EquixanthinTM
Pasteurization
Test assay
Special mention: Ethoxyquin free, Non-feed & food additive, Non-GMO, RAC free, Dioxins free
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
3
Biosynthetic Pathway of Carotenoids
Paracoccus carotinifaciens (natural soil microbe)
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
4
Composition of Equixanthin TM
TYPICAL
CONTENT
ITEM
TYPICAL
CONTENT
ITEM
Inorganic Component, etc.
Carotenoids
Astaxanthin
g/kg
21.7
Na
g/kg
5.4
Adonirubin
g/kg
5.3
P
g/kg
6.7
Adonixanthin
g/kg
2.9
Fe
g/kg
1.9
Other Carotenoids
g/kg
4.1
Ca
g/kg
3.4
Total Carotenoids
g/kg
34.0
K
g/kg
2.5
Mg
g/kg
2.7
Main Components
Crude Protein
g/kg
596
Lead
ppm
ND (QL: 0.1ppm)
Crude Fat
g/kg
37
Arsenic
ppm
ND (QL: 0.1ppm)
Crude Ash
g/kg
43
Mercury
ppm
ND (QL: 0.1ppm)
Carbohydrate
g/kg
285
Salmonella
25g
Negative
ND: Not detected, QL: Quantification Limit
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
5
Safety Study of Equixanthin TM
・ Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (Ames test)
☞ EquixanthinTM is considered to be non-mutagenic.
・ Chromosome aberration Test (Human lymphocytes in vitro)
☞ EquixanthinTM is considered to be non-mutagenic.
・ Micronucleus Test (Rats)
☞ EquixanthinTM dose not induce micronuclei in bone marrow cells.
・ Acute Oral Toxicity Test (Rats)
☞ The acute oral median lethal dose (LD50) of EquixanthinTM is higher than 5000 mg/kg.
・ 90-Day Toxicity Study (Rats)
☞ No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of EquixanthinTM is higher than
3000 mg/kg/day.
・ Acute Inhalation Toxicity study (Rats)
☞ The acute inhalation median lethal concentration (4hr LC50) of EquixanthinTM
is greater than 4.92 mg/L.
Special mention: All studies were conducted in compliance with GLP.
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
6
Preservation Stability of Equixanthin TM
105
Conditions: 40℃, 75% R.H.
Packaging: Usual seal in aluminum bag
Degradation of Astaxanthin (Average SD)
100
95
90
85
0
1
3
6
12
18
24
30
36
Astaxanthin remaining (%)
Astaxanthin remaining (%)
Conditions: 25℃, 20-45% R.H.
Packaging: Usual seal in aluminum bag
105
Degradation of Astaxanthin (Average SD)
100
95
90
85
0
1
Storage period (months)
95
90
85
2
3
Astaxanthin remaining (%)
Astaxanthin remaining (%)
100
1
12
Conditions: 25℃, 20-45% R.H.
Packaging: Open aluminum bag in the dark
Degradation of Astaxanthin
0
6
Storage period (months)
Condition: 60℃
Packaging: Usual seal in aluminum bag
105
3
105
Degradation of Astaxanthin
100
95
90
85
Storage period (months)
0
1
2
3
Storage period (months)
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
7
Antioxidant Action of Astaxanthin
1st action: Elimination of Singlet Oxygen
Oxygen
O2
1O
Astaxanthin
2
Singlet
Oxygen
Oxygen
O2
Lipid
Superoxide
anion radical
Hydrogen
peroxide
Hydroxyl
radical
Lipid
Oxygen
Lipid
Radical
Lipid
peroxyl radical
Lipid
peroxide
autoxidation
Astaxanthin
2nd action: Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
8
Utility in Clinical Practice by Astaxanthin
１．Antioxidant action
・ muscle fatigue resistance
・ prevention of tying-up syndrome
・ improvement of conception rate
・ adjustment of estrous cycle & heat-stress relief
・ enhancement of immune system
・ anti-inflammatory & anti-photoaging effect
・ prevention of metabolic syndrome, etc.
２．Unknown action
Do not drop the body weight !
・ improvement of intestinal flora ?
High-fat diet
High-fat diet)
0.02 % Astaxanthin
It’s extremely important for
health maintenance.
Astaxanthin effect
Abnormal intestinal flora
+
Normal intestinal flora
【Authority】 Effects of Astaxanthin on Intestinal Micro flora in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet. Anti-aging medicine. 10(4), 77-91, 2013
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
9
Administration of EquixanthinTM
Astaxanthin concentration in horse serum (µg/L)
Temporal change in Astaxanthin (Average SD)
1.0
0.9
Test methods
1. Horses
Administration period: 14 day
・ 8 thoroughbreds (breeding mares)
・ age: 3～14 years
・ body weight: 651±35 kg
0.8
0.7
2. Dose
・ 50 mg astaxanthin※×2 times /day
・ total daily dose: Ax 100 mg / head
※ EquixanthinTM (Grafton NZ Ltd.)
0.6
0.5
0.4
3. Administration Period
0.3
・ 14 day continuousadministration
0.2
4. Blood Sampling Point
0.1
0.0
0
1
3
4
7
8
12
14
・ 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 day
16
20
21
24
28
Time after administration (Day)
5. Analysis of Astaxanthin in serum
・ HPLC
・ Silica gel, Acetone: Hexane (2:8)
Blood concentration of astaxanthin achieves a stable state
from day 7 after the start of the administration.
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
10
Anti-oxidative Activity of Adonirubin and Adonixanthin
(1) Elimination of Singlet Oxygen (1O2)
Adonirubin and Adonixanthin react more efficiently with 1O2 than astaxanthin.
Carotenoid
Relative activity
Astaxanthin
1
Adonirubin
2.3
Adonixanthin
2.9
(3S,3’S)-Astaxanthin
☞
(3S)-Adonirubin
ESR signal intensity
(3S,3’R)-Adonixanthin
4.0
Quenching activity of 1O2 in aqueous solution (Average SD)
3.0
2.0
3.20
*
2.35
1.0
**
1.01
0.0
Control
Astaxanthin
Adonirubin
**
0.81
Adonixanthin
Quenching activity of 1O2 produced by a hematoporphyrin-UVA system in
aqueous solution by carotenoids. The reaction mixtures consisted of 62.5
μM hematoporphyrin and 50 mM TMPD dissolved in 50 mM phosphate
buffer, and 625 μM astaxanthin, adonirubin, or adonixanthin dissolved in
acetone at 22℃ in a total volume of 0.2 mL of 50 mM phosphate buffer
(pH 7.5). Results of ESR spin-trapping experiments are expressed as the
mean ± SD of three repeated experiments. Statistical analysis was
performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Post-hoc test with
a 1 % or 5 % significance of difference. There were significant differences
(* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01) in the 1O2 quenching activities of carotenoid
treatment groups compared with the control group.
(2) Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation
Adonirubin and Adonixanthin show slightly weaker activity than astaxanthin.
【Authority】 Anti-oxidative, anti-tumor-promoting, and anti-carcinogenic activities of adonirubin and adonixanthin. J. Oleo Sci. 62(3), 181-186, 2013
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
11
Natural Astaxanthin from Paracoccus carotinifaciens
Imported by:
Grafton New Zealand Ltd
contact us: webmaster@grafton-nz.com
Products available from:
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.
contact us: webmaster@grafton-nz.com
Products available in Australia from:
Beamish Bloodstock Pty. Ltd.
contact: beama888@gmail.com
Grafton New Zealand Ltd.