1. pets
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The British Police and Services Canine Association
SERVICE DOG
Magazine
w w w. b p s c a . c o . u k ISSUE 61
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The British Police and Services Canine Association
Contents
Contents
Editor
Keith Long ISM
42 Greenacres
Ossett
West Yorkshire
WF5 9RX
Tel: 01924 264110
Mobile: 07712 129984
email:
kdlong@blueyonder.co.uk
Membership Secretary
John Warbutton
6 Meadway Crescent
Selby
North Yorkshire
YO8 4FX
Tel 07841 472 542
email: johnbpsca@aol.com
Secretary
Dave Fletcher
BPSCA
PO Box 5277
Rugeley
WS15 9BU
Tel 07887 804998
email: dafl@sky.com
4
Editorial
5
New Members
5
BPSCA Committee
7Warning
10
Some Points Open to Argument
16
Vets Corner
20
BPSCA Annual Trials Entry Form
22
Dog Evaluation Officers
23
The Meaning
24
Veterinary Physiotherapy for the Working
Police Dog
28
Family Pet is now a Top Police Dog
30
News from the MDP Dog Section
32
British Police Canine Association Application
On the cover:
PC Mike Nichols and dog Jensen from the
MDP (Military defence police) searching Lord
Nelson's flagship Victory ahead of the 2010
‘Meet Your Navy’ days.
The copy deadline for next issue is 18th July
Any articles, statements or intentions expressed in this magazine
may not necessarily reflect the view of the BPSCA. The Editor.
© This magazine contains official information and should be treated with discretion by the recipient. No responsibility
for the quality of goods or services advertised in this magazine can be accepted by the publishers or printers.
Advertisements are included in good faith. Published by Forces and Corporate Publishing Ltd, Hamblin House,
Hamblin Court, Rushden, Northamptonshire, NN10 0RU . Tel: 01933 419994. Fax: 01933 419584.
Managing Director: Ron Pearson
Sub Editor/Design: Hayley Smith Advertising Manager: Heather Branchflower
The Service Dog 3
British Police and Services Canine Association
Editorial
It doesn’t seem like 10 months ago, we were
enjoying the annual BPSCA Service Dog
Competition. Included in this issue, as in the last
issue the entry forms regarding the competition,
which unfortunately in the last issue was not
totally correct. In the last editorial the information
was correct but on the actual form the date was
wrong with regards to the closing date..I would
just like to re-emphasise that the closing date
for the competition is May 31, 2011.
As usual, I would like to thank all those who
contributed with articles and information for
this issue of the Service Dog. Many thanks to
Judith Slater of the Ministry of Defence Police
magazine. Talk Through for two articles, and
the front-page photograph. Many thanks also
to Sam Perrie’s arguable article , which I am sure
will get some different opinions from various
trainers. Please let me know what you think??
Thanks to John Warbutton, for his contributions
, and likewise to Susan Ward and Sally Metcalf
for their physiotherapy write up. Last but not
least. Thanks to Philip Kilkenny , for his reliable
vets write-up.
Our president, Steve Allen MBE sent me the
article about the OLYMPIC .380 BBM so that
BPSCA members are aware of the consequences
of using or possessing this firearm. I have also
enclosed in this issue, the latest news on the
dog control welfare Bill, which you can keep
up to date. (If you want to) at www.parliament.
I hope to see many old faces their families and
friends at the competition this year. So come
down and enjoy yourself. Even if you’re not
competing it is a great day and over the last few
years the weather has been fantastic.
The latest news on the dog control welfare Bill is
On 27 July 2010, the House of Commons was
asked, under the Ten Minute Rule motion, to
give leave for this Bill to be introduced. The
sponsor was allowed 10 minutes to support
the Bill and there was ten minutes for other
MPs to comment. The House agreed and the
Bill was read a first time. This Bill will be on the
Order Paper for a Second Reading debate on
17 June 2011.
Bill to repeal the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991;
to require the introduction of compulsory micro
chipping of dogs; to make provision relating to
the welfare of dogs and public safety around
dogs; and for connected purposes.
If you want to stay up-to-date with any
information regarding this subject. You can get
an RSS feed for this Bill, and/or receive e-mail
updates for this Bill. the first reading was on
27 July 2010 and the second reading is on 17
June 2011.
See you at the competition, on Saturday July
2.Take care.
KD Long ISM
(Editor of The Service Dog)
British Police and Services Canine Association
BPSCA CLUB SHOP
Please visit www.bpsca.co.uk to view our online shop.
4 The Service Dog
Re Join and
New Members
- from 15 December 2010
Subscribing Members
Association of Fire Investigation Dog
Handlers
Members:
Mr R. Burley, Mr E. Wright, Mr D.R. Fitches,
Mr P. Ventom, Mr P. Flowers, Mr I. Cooke,
Mr J.A. Hewison, Mr B. M Court, Mr C.
Singer, Mr M. Kinirey, Mr D. Ashpool, Mr
A. Lilburn, Mr J.R. Turner, Mr A. Morris
Associate Members:
Mr J.D. Cleator, Mr D. Tungatt, Mr C.
Ogilvie, Mr P. Madge, Mr A. Sanderson,
Mr L. Bromage, Mr R. Vnar, Mr S.V. Perry,
Mr P. Morling, Mr C. Young, Mr M. Stone,
Mr R.F. Wray, Mr N. Morris, Mr P. Mullard,
Mr L. West, Mr K. Stratfull
A big thank you to all new and
re-subscribing Members.
BPSCA
Committee
Election of Committee Members
Members:
President Steve Allen MBE
Chairman
Sam Mackay
Vice Chairman
Ron Stanley
Secretary
Dave Fletcher
Membership Secretary John Warbutton
Assistant Secretary
Jackie Robertson
Editor
Keith Long ISM
Treasurer
Steve Ferguson
Stand on Committee:
Sam Perrie
Colin Huskins
Jim Nunn
Mark Adams
John Davidson
The Service Dog 5
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6 The Service Dog
WARNING
OLYMPIC .380 BBM
The Olympic .38 BBM revolver is commonly
known as a “blank firer”. It has been identified
as being readily convertible, which means it can
be converted to be a lethally barrelled weapon.
It has been the common blank firing revolver
used for dog training and other social and leisure
events, schools etc.
It could be purchased through retail outlets
and required no licence.
Following independent tests carried out by the
Forensic Science Service in 2010 this revolver has
now been classified under the provisions of the
Firearms Act 1982 which now makes it illegal
to possess, supply or transfer within the UK.
The Olympic .380 BBM can also be known by
the following names:
Bruni Olympic Revolver – Blank Firer
Olympic 9mm
Olympic .380
Olympic .38
The restriction does not apply to the Olympic
.22 (6mm) blank firing starting pistol.
Official issue blank firing revolvers issued within
the police and prison service, will have exemption
under Section 54 of the Firearms Act 1968 but if
there are private holders out there who may use
these for dog training etc they should contact
their local Firearms Licensing Authority within
their local Police Area as possession can result
in prosecution for which there is a five year
mandatory prison sentence.
The Service Dog 7
Heath Working Dogs Trials
16 October 2010
As ever, there was a warm welcome waiting
from Ron Stanley and Colin Huskins at Heath
Working Dogs as their Trials took place.
There were 10 competitors, from established
members with many years’ experience, to the
newest member, Emma, who had only started
working her dog in the last 8 weeks. Not only
was Emma competing within the club, but she
was also in the club!
Pam Huskins and Brock started the day off with
a fine round of obedience, setting the standard
for the day’s competition. The obedience was
at a high standard – very few points were given
away by any of the competitors. The obedience
exercises were heelwork both on and off the lead,
a hurdle and long jump, retrieve and obedience
recall. Going into the break, Lesley and Brodie
were level on points with Pam and Brock.
As the time for the manwork exercises came,
the nerves
had started to disappear
and the competitors
had started to relax.
That lasted until Colin
greeted them and
offered them some
comforting words of
encouragement (mixed with
sarcasm!). The dogs were
at different levels at
manwork, but all did
8 The Service Dog
their handlers proud. Some were indeed at a
very high standard.
Special mention goes to Sue, who with her dog
Amy, won the Most Improved Team trophy. This
was a reflection on the significant improvement
in both dog and handler over the last few
months – well done!
The criminals did a sterling job – Heath’s own
John Warbutton and HMP Full Sutton’s Kate
Hicks were consistent throughout.
As there was a draw for the obedience trophy,
it was decided that this should be settled by a
run-off between Pam and Lesley, focusing on
heelwork, retrieve and obedience recall. They
were only separated by a very critical judge, with
Pam eventually winning by a 2 point margin.
The legendary Heath stew and potatoes were
provided ahead of the presentations. As the
trophies were being presented, the rain started,
but didn’t release its wrath until the competition
had finished, when the heavens opened and
there was a heavy downpour. This was in contrast
to the wonderful dry, cool sunshine that we
had for the competition. Heath Working Dogs
certainly know how to select the perfect day for
a competition (why can’t we?!!!)
The results were as follows:
Overall Competition
Winner – Lesley Appleyard & Brodie
Runner Up – Pam Huskins & Brock
Third – Carol &
Fourth – Martin Peacock &
Obedience
Winner – Pam Huskins & Brock
Manwork
Winner – Lesley Appleyard & Brodie
Most Improved Team
Sue & Amy
Pat McLoughlin
HMP Full Sutton
The Service Dog 9
Some Points Open
to Argument
Walking at heel and coming when called are two
of the most important aspects of dog training.
They are the basis of every different discipline.
Without them the dog will never achieve any
great standard in any other category of canine
employment for which you intend to use him.
A fully trained dog that excels at heelwork and
will always come to his handler every time he is
called has that basic essential which makes him
so much easier to handle and control. It follows,
therefore, that every dog that you intend to use
for any of the more sophisticated disciplines
must first be given a thorough grounding in
basic obedience and control.
Many trainers do not agree with these
sentiments and say that too much obedience
training will destroy the dog’s initiative and
“drive.” ?
This may possibly apply if the dog is given
the wrong sort of training and is continually
shouted at and bullied into carrying out his
obedience, so that he becomes terrified of
the trainer and of making a mistake. But, like
everything else, if it is carried out correctly and
logically it can do nothing but good. A dog
that has been made fully aware of precisely
what his trainer requires of him will seldom
make mistakes because of his uncertainty. It,
therefore, becomes something of a rarity for
the trainer ever to have to chastise him, which
keeps the dog happy and in good spirits. Far
from destroying his initiative and drive, this will
create enormous confidence and self-belief in the
dog. This will inevitably be reflected in his overall
performance. So, contrary to the belief that
obedience will in some way destroy his initiative
and drive, it will in actual fact have a completely
opposite effect upon the dog and increase those
qualities enormously. Also, the rapport that a
well-trained and obedient dog establishes with
his handler is an ongoing phenomenon that will
be forever improving, enhanced by the lack of
chastisement and bullying attitude. This too,
10 The Service Dog
will add to his keenness and drive which is of
paramount importance if you intend to make
further progress with him in any of the more
sophisticated disciplines.
An obedient dog is a happy dog and a happy
dog is a keen dog. The simile is equally applicable
to the handler of such a dog.
Too many trainers want to get on with the more
glamorous aspects of the various disciplines and
are too lazy to put in the vital and very necessary
groundwork. That is why they invent so many
excuses in order to avoid having to teach the
“boring” and repetitive obedience exercises.
Substance Detection Dogs
There is a growing tendency for Dog Trainers to
train their dogs by using a toy or a tennis ball as
their main source of motivation and reward. In
my experience it has never been a good thing
to encourage a dog to play about excitedly with
their training aids. Their work becomes far too
play-orientated and can cause over-exuberance
leading to compulsive over-excitement and
disobedient behaviour in dogs of a certain nature
and temperament.
Just as all work and no play is said to make
Jack a dull boy. So, too, can all play and no
discipline turn the most obedient dog into a
careless, irresponsible, slap-dash animal with the
attitude that life is just one big game.
As far as the requirements of a reliable and
proficient working dog is concerned neither
attitude is absolutely correct. What is required
is a balanced and happy medium .
One very important fact that very few erstwhile
dog trainers appear to be capable of grasping
is that once a dog is fully trained to carry out a
certain task he will carry out that task efficiently
and accurately without the need for any
additional words of command or praise. They
can most certainly do without the necessity for
any “psyching–up” exercises accompanied by
high pitched shrieks and chuckles of laughter and
“girly” words of encouragement. Together with
unintelligible words of praise given in “special”
tones of voice and frantic, almost manic games
of “chase and worry the training aid” are also
completely uncalled for and unnecessary.
To create a corollary, think of it as being exactly
the same kind of skill that children develop when
learning to ride a bicycle. Once they have acquired
that skill (or are fully trained in that aspect as it
were) then no amount of shouting or screaming,
praising or cavorting around, or giving them
half an hour’s time on their favourite computer
game is ever going to assist them in any way to
ride that bicycle any better. From the time they
first learn to ride it they can only improve by
becoming self practised or by gaining in practical
experience. They can only progress from there
by trial and error. But they never forget how to
actually ride the bicycle ! ! A dog is exactly the same. He doesn’t need all
this additional and unnecessary “psyching-up”
and “role reinforcement” to ensure that he
won’t forget how to find a substance. Especially
one that he was already well capable of finding
almost as second nature, before anyone started
to “train”him.
These same trainers and dog handlers wouldn’t
dream of making their teen-aged son ride his
bicycle around the yard every morning, practising
his skills as they scream words of praise and
encouragement at him, before allowing him
to ride it to school. Yet they don’t appear to
be faintly capable of applying the same sort of
logic towards their dogs.
Of course the dog enjoys being taken off work
to play silly games - no-one is denying that. The
average working man, too, would enjoy being
let off work for the day just to go and support
his favourite football team in a Cup Match.
But he doesn’t need it as a pre-requisite, or a
guarantee that he is going to do his work any
more efficiently –neither does the dog!
So many “trainers” believe that this constant
“reinforcement” behaviour with accompanying
shrieks and ragging games is absolutely critical
in the maintenance training of a substance
detection dog. This is because they always
start the dog’s initial training by encouraging
this frenetic, almost hysterical behaviour and,
are somehow, afraid to discontinue it once
it becomes no longer necessary and the dog
becomes quite capable of carrying out the
required task without it. Besides this they are
under the misapprehension that this is the normal
way that “Substance Detection Dog Handlers”
should behave whilst on operational duty and,
as a consequence they have never tried to work
their dogs without it. This flamboyant behaviour also makes them
feel self important and gives them the feeling that
they are making much more of a contribution
towards the working capabilities and skills of
their dog, than they would be if they simply
allowed him to carry out the task without their
noisy interference; a task which the dog is
perfectly capable of carrying out on his own with
consummate ease and, of course, one which,
patently, the handler will never be capable of
carrying out without the help of the dog.
Ivan Pavlov, who was awarded the Nobel Prize
in 1904 for his work on conditioned reflexes in
animals, makes it very clear that once the dog’s
reflexes have been “conditioned” and he has
been fully trained to carry out a certain task on
receipt of a specific signal, ( as these Substance
Detection Dogs have been) he will need no
other stimulus at all. He will perform the task
completely involuntarily. Some trainers and
handlers still insist upon continually “psyching
the dog up” long after he has been fully trained
. Long after he has proved that he can carry out
his task efficiently and completely unaided. Such
trainers are either unaware that the dog does
not need it, or they feel that they know better
than Ivan Pavlov.
One of the more obvious drawbacks of this
form of training is that once the dog has reached
the peak of his detection and retrieving skills he
may end up so motivated and frantic to reach
the training aid that he will try to dig his way
straight through a cardboard box or a canvas
hold-all, in his efforts to get to it.
This could very easily lead to a situation where
an innocent traveller could sue the relevant
department for punitive damages because the
dog has not only destroyed some of his very
expensive Gucci luggage, but has also caused
his wife unnecessary embarrassment, stress
and untold traumatic shock at having seen her
equally expensive underwear strewn all over the
luggage carousel by an apparently half crazed
animal. Simply because the dog was not properly
trained in the first place and because one of
The Service Dog 11
the baggage handlers in one of the places the
baggage had passed through en route to the
airport had decided to have a quick “spliff”
during his lunch break.
Imagine the furore if the dog was clearing a
prestigious Conference Suite and dug his way
into a Hepplewhite sideboard or a Chippendale
cabinet because someone who had been
“using” or even touching a drug of some
description recently, had inadvertently touched
the furniture..
This lesson is already being taken on board in
some quarters and is resulting in a slight change
of policy. Some dogs are being “retrained” to fit
in with the new requirements. In circumstances
like these one would think that the “training
fraternity” or the “in crowd “ as I like to call
them, would realise the error of their ways and
start to train all their “substance detection “
dogs in a more logical way.
Unfortunately this is not necessarily so. They,
apparently, only know one way to train a dog to
find substances and that is by using the “psyching
up and retrieve” method, in which they make
the dog fanatically attracted to the “loaded”
plastic tubes, toys or tennis balls stuffed with
the substance they are learning to detect or
with the scent of that substance.
This method has already been seen to cause
problems. My of them still train the dog up
to the standard where he is searching almost
hysterically for the training aid as before, yelping
excitedly and being encouraged by his handler
with shrieks and chuckles and a “jolly game”
with the training aid whenever the dog succeeds
in finding it. Then, even though such a dog’s
potential use is somewhat limited in all but the
most undemanding of operational situations,
they rather foolishly give it a new categorical
name of “An Active Response Dog” or a
“ Pro-active Response Detection Dog.” This
category of dog is then deemed to be ready for
continuation training, in order to turn him into (an
equally silly and misleading category of trained
dog ) the“ Passive Response Detection Dog.” This category is achieved by taking the dog
and teaching it not to retrieve and become
over-excited upon finding the training aid, or,
in other words, the very antithesis of what they
have been assiduously teaching it to accept as
required behaviour for the last few months or so. The majority of the recruiting staff who test
the dogs which have been offered to them for
acceptance into the various Services insist that
every dog which is accepted or acceptable as
a potential detection dog, must be capable of
finding and retrieving a dummy of some sort
or another . in an excitable and playful manner Indeed, I will go so far as to say that any dog
that does not find and retrieve a dummy in an
excitable and playful manner when tested would,
in all probability be rejected as being unsuitable.
Now I find this extremely hard to believe. I
cannot comprehend how anyone so lacking in
common sense and practical logic could, possibly,
ever be considered for employment, even as a
dog handler under instruction, let alone as a
dog trainer who is responsible for the selection
of potential detection dogs.
Yet here we have a dog that has been selected
for its ability to search for and retrieve a dummy
excitably and happily. His trainer has been
teaching the hapless creature for several weeks;
almost to the very point of brainwashing him
in the knowledge that this is what is required
of him, so that, eventually, his one aim in life
is to find an object bearing a particular odour
and to frantically dig and scratch and yelp with
excitement until he has unearthed it. Every time
he does so he is rewarded – not with a tasty
tit-bit but with a frenetic hysterical screaming
chase with a toy, waved excitedly before his eyes
whilst his handler laughs and chuckles away and
makes unintelligible noises, such as “Wheee”
and “whooshtie “ in a high pitched “girly”
voice, like the squeals and shrieks of delight one
might expect to hear from a crowd of teen-aged
convent girls at a net-ball match. Is this supposed
to be logical Dog Training ?
As if this were not sufficiently incomprehensible
the advanced training begins. Now the dog is
going to be prevented from carrying out all the
eccentric behaviour that he has had so repetitively
drummed into him during the whole of his
training period over the past twelve weeks or
so and he must now learn that not only must
he go on actively seeking the same odour that
he has been so excitedly encouraged to find all
these past weeks, but now, when he finally finds
it he must indicate its presence by body language
alone, take up the “SIT” position and, apart from
staring fixedly at it until the handler orders him
away, he must leave it completely alone, exactly
where he found it. Should he make any attempt
to touch it, pick it up or dance madly about it, he
will be checked until he refrains from so doing.
This is reminiscent of the tale of how the
Chinese discovered the taste of roast pork.
Someone’s house burned down trapping the
unfortunate pig inside, where it was roasted
alive. The smell was so attractive that the owner
tasted it and called all his friends in to sample this
rare delicacy. They were so taken by it that they
decided to have some of their own. Before long
there were houses being burned down all over
the country. Finally, of course, although they
were only poor ignorant unschooled peasants,
someone eventually realised the foolishness of
it all and used an oven.
Surely, some-one in the ranks of the dog
training cognoscenti will eventually evince at
least the same perspicacity as that of a Chinese
peasant and realise that you do not have to burn
the whole house down nor, for that matter,
even use a whole pig simply to obtain a little
bit of roast pork.
In other words, why go out of your way to
instil and inculcate into the dog, something that
will eventually prove to be a bad habit or an
unnecessary trait ? So much so that more training
will have to be initiated, simply to eradicate
that which you have spent many training hours
drumming into the animal in the first place ?
Long ago, in my distant dog training youth, it
was an absolute mandate that no one must ever
be allowed to teach a potential guard dog to
retrieve. In the light of all these toy and tennis ball
orientated training methods, how many guard
dogs nowadays would be so single minded as
to run into the attack and be trusted never to
break off suddenly to chase a ball, a stick or a
flying frisbee, leaving the criminal to run free ?
It is of academic interest only what title ought
to be given to any type of dog that is carrying
out a specific task. I have already stated that “Pro-Active Response Dog” “Active Response
Detection Dog” and “Passive Response Dog”
are silly, illogical titles.
My suggestion would be that the dog that
scrambles all over the luggage and yelps with
excitement scratching feverishly at any bag or box
that bears the faintest traces of the sought after
substance should be called an “Untrained dog”
Whereas the dog that carries out the same task
in an active and workmanlike way; accurately
finds the substance and by adopting the “SIT”
position, wagging its tail furiously and with
its eyes firmly fixed upon the substance it is
seeking, indicates to its handler exactly where it
is and achieves all this without unduly disturbing innocent members of the public, should be called
a “ Fully Trained Substance Detection Dog” or
simply a “Drugs Detection Dog” or an “Arms
and Explosives Detection Dog” depending upon
which of the substances it has been trained to
detect. Because, after considering the position
logically and pragmatically these titles describe
the efficiency of these types of dog precisely.
Before making any comment upon what I have
just written just consider the true meaning of
the word “Passive” for a moment.
In the Encarta 2000 Dictionary the word
“passive” is described as follows:(1) NOT ACTIVELY TAKING PART
Tending not to participate actively and usually
letting others make decisions.
This cannot logically apply to this type of
dog as we know it. Because it certainly does
participate actively when working ; otherwise
it would be lying motionless at the side of the
search area. Neither does it allow others to make
the decisions for it; the simple reason being
that it is engaged in carrying out a task that no
human being can do for it in any case; namely,
that of detecting a hidden substance by using
its superior sense of smell.
(2) OBEYING READILY
By a stretch of semantic licence this definition
might, possibly, be deemed to apply. Except that
this type of dog when at work should never be
subject to direct orders as such. When the fully
trained Substance Detection Dog is actively
working, it is expected to use its sense of smell
and its discriminatory and discretionary powers
to search the given area in the most efficient
way; taking advantage of any prevailing air
currents and scent traces, which, being invisible
are, therefore, completely undetectable by the
handler. In such a situation any direct orders that
any handler or trainer could possibly give would
simply be distracting unhelpful and patently
superfluous.
(3) NOT OPERATIONAL
This definition, being so far from the truth of
the matter, surely needs no further comment ?
Definitions 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are definitions
which refer to grammatical, chemical, Electrical
Engineering, and Financial subjects and do not
apply.
So, UNLESS the person who coined the name
“Passive Response Dog” when referring to the
fully trained Substance Detection Dog feels that
for a dog to quarter the floor space of a huge
warehouse, or an expanse of woodland or waste
ground; with or without the dubious assistance of
an excitable high pitched “girly” voice distracting
him from his already highly demanding task; to
discover the substance he is seeking, to indicate
to his handler the whereabouts of that substance
by wagging his tail, lifting his nose moving it from
side to side and manifesting all the other visible
signs of body language, before adopting the “SIT” or “DOWN” position and staring fixedly
at the place where he has found it, is indeed
passive behaviour on the part of the dog, then it is high time that the category of “Passive
Response Dog“ was discontinued.
The dog should be referred to as a Substance
Detection Dog and properly trained from the
outset to fulfil the operational requirements. Even if it the argument is put forward that it is
the response that is passive and not the dog,
How can anyone possibly say that a wagging
tail, an eager taking up of the “SIT” position,
a fixed stare and a general demeanour of
excitement is anything other than a very active
and unmistakably positive indication that the
dog has found something ?
Teaching the skill of running up to the training
aid and leaving it untouched whilst the handler
remains as unobtrusive and silent as possible is
surely, a much more logical approach. It is much
more easily achieved right at the outset than it
is after the dog has developed the unnecessary
habit of grabbing the training aid and running
14 The Service Dog
off and having a game with it.
This sort of behaviour is not exactly conducive
to a steady, obedient and competent working
dog. The self restraint of the trainer and
his withholding of all but the most minimal
assistance to the dog in these circumstances will
also teach it to rely more and more upon its own
initiative and its inherent powers of detection.
After all, in a true operational situation the
handler will have no idea where the substance is
himself, so as the dog cannot depend upon him
to show him where the sought after substance
is, then he is going to have to be completely
confident and self reliant.
When training a dog in any of the various
disciplines the trainer must give some thought
as to what he is trying to achieve in the final
analysis. He must ask the question “Will the dog
actually be required to retrieve the substances
he is seeking when he is fully trained?” and if
the answer is “No” then what on earth is the
logic of teaching him to do so in the first place ?
The same thing is even more applicable in
the case of Arms, Ammunition and Explosives
detection. No-one really wants a dog that will
retrieve a hand grenade that has been jammed
between two branches of a tree or between
two rocks and has had the pin removed ? ? ?
Nor would anyone require a dog to retrieve a
package which has been booby trapped with a
trembler fuse, a mercury switch or a home made
gravity switch which will trigger off the explosive
if the package is tilted or moved even slightly and
kill the dog, the handler or innocent bystanders.
©Sam Perrie
Et Canes et Homines Docemus
The Service Dog 15
Do you have any questions for our Vets Corner expert, or would you
like to see something covered in a future issue? If so, contact the
editor with your questions and suggestions.
Vets Corner
By
Philip Kilkenny
Genetic testing in dogs.
As all of us are no doubt aware testing for certain
defective genes in human medicine is becoming
quite commonplace. Already several genes
associated with canine medical problems have
been identified and it will surely be only a matter
of time before such tests become commercially
available in veterinary medicine.
Since much of canine reproduction is controlled
by humans, whether as a hobby or in some
cases a lucrative business it will be fascinating
to observe how such information is utilised &
whether in the long term it will be to the benefit
or detriment of our canine companions.
One of the genetic defects attracting most
attention is hip dysplasia (HD) a condition that
many of you will already be familiar with. This
is a disease which is already routinely screened
for by taking x-rays of potential breeding dogs &
bitches. The problems of screening for a disease
such as HD appear to be twofold. Firstly the
logical approach is to only breed from normal
animals & not from affected animals. This begs
the question of what is “normal” & what is
“affected”. The aim would seem to be the
production of hips with no defects but such
hips would be perfect & perfect is not the same
as normal. Most of us would happily describe
ourselves as genetically normal but how many
of us would describe ourselves as genetically
perfect? If we are prepared to accept less than
perfection as acceptable in human breeding
should we seek perfection in the breeding of
domesticated animals.
The second problem is having identified a
genetic defect it is very difficult to predict how
much of a problem it will cause in any given
16 The Service Dog
individual. A puppy with detectably lax hips
may well develop problems but equally many
such puppies never show any symptoms or
may only develop problems much later in life.
Why this happens is probably due to factors
other than genetics. A growing animal with
unstable hips may well improve by maturity
due to remodelling of the joint in response to
stresses & strains placed upon the skeleton. The
stresses & strains that any particular individual
is subject to depend on many factors such as
diet, intensity & type of exercise etc. Even if the
joint does not remodel many dogs with terrible
looking hips on x-ray examination will have
no signs of lameness, equally other dogs with
much better looking hips may develop severe
problems. Taking x-rays at 12 months of age &
then trying to predict the animal suitability for
wok is virtually impossible & I have seen several
dog with severe HD that have worked both in
the services & as guide dogs with no problems
& retirement at a normal age. It is difficult to
imagine that a genetic test would be able to
predict the severity of any disease in any given
animal such things are rarely so black & white.
Finally with any genetic test we must remember
there are many other diseases from which an
animal can suffer. If we try to eradicate any
particular genetic defect totally we run the risk
of accidentally selecting for other problems.
It could well be argued that selecting against
a “straight” back in German Shepherds has
encouraged the development of HD in the
breed. We need to be careful with our use of
genetic testing & make sure we do not cause
more problems than we solve.
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entwood House, Lincoln Road, Faldingworth, Market Rasen, Lincs LN8 3SF
BPSCA ANNUAL TRIALS
ANNUAL TRIALS 2nd JULY 2011
ENTRY FORM
PLEASE COMPLETE IN BLOCK CAPITALS
Dress Code
The attention of all competitors is drawn to the Dress Code as shown in the BPSCA Competition
Rules. These are to be strictly adhered to.
NB Denims, coloured or white training shoes or any kind of dress which may reflect unfavourably
upon themselves or their organisation will not be acceptable. The Chief Judge will be empowered
to refuse anyone entry whom he considers to be unsuitably or improperly or untidily dressed. They
will not be allowed to take any part in the trials.. Any competitor who has any doubts as to the
suitability of their preferred dress is strongly advised to ask beforehand.
All dogs entered must be presented in a healthy, clean and well groomed condition . There is no
excuse for any handler having an unkempt and scruffy dog and any of the Judges coming across
such an animal is empowered to refuse it entry.
20 The Service Dog
Competitor Details
This is a short resume of the dog and handler showing such items of interest as length of service,
competition successes elsewhere and any other snippets of information which may be of interest .It is
strongly emphasized that any sensitive or secret information which could lead to a breach of
security must NOT be included. The information we published in the BPSCA show catalogue in
order to add to the interest of spectators and competitors.
Certificate of Indemnity
I (Name)________________Hereby certify that my dog (name)_____________
Of (Unit or Club)________________________
is right arm true, is fully capable of safely carrying out all of the tasks entered at the BSPCA Trials
and is under my full control.
I also accept that any accident or damage caused by him will be deemed to be my full and sole
responsibility.
Further to the above declaration, I have no objections to any of my personal particulars which
are shown on this form being made public.
Signed...................................Date________________________
COMPLETE THE FORM AND SEND TO THE SHOW SECRETARY AT
THE ADDRESS BELOW
THE CLOSING DATE FOR ALL ENTRIES IS MAY 31st 2010
RON STANLEY
14 MANOR CROFT NORMANTON YORKSHIRE WF6 2EG
Dog Section
By CSO3 Fred Humphries/John Warbutton
Dog Evaluation Officers
At the invitation of VSTAT (SSgt Gavin) and the
Chief Trainer from the DAC (WO1 Holmes) John
Warbutton, CSO3, and I, accompanied by Dave
Fairbrother, CSO2, Operations Manager from
HQ and Peter Plaster, CSO3, attended the final
stages of the Arms Explosives Search (AES) dog
course at West Tofts in Norfolk on the 13th
December 2010.
The reason for our attendance was to support
and observe Rob Bourne, CSO5, from Northwood
JSU who, after a gruelling 16 week course, was
ready to be assessed and licensed with his AES
dog “Marley”.
As you may know Rob is the only AES handler in
the MGS and it was decided that although he had
already successfully completed the Association
of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) Explosive search
dog course run by the Metropolitan Police, he
should, on acquiring a new dog, attend the
Military run course as well.
Rob was the only “civvie” on the 16 strong
course and no special treatment was given or
required as Rob acquitted himself very well.
Rob informed us that over the 16 weeks he had
carried out route marches, area searches working
in areas as diverse as Twickenham rugby ground
and the Royal Albert hall in London, as well as
various military barracks, both occupied and
unoccupied. All scenarios were very real and
well thought out and executed.
He went on to say that it had been a fantastic
experience and he was grateful to the instructors
and the rest of his course colleagues with whom
he was fully integrated and accepted.
On our arrival Rob and “Marley were put
through their paces by VSTAT, and they
demonstrated their prowess by discovering 2
“finds” in a large area (one indoors and one out),
and another which was blank (intentionally of
course!). After lunch we moved to a very realistic
mock up Forward Operating Base (FOB), where
a scenario had been set up. Rob and “Marley”
along with a military colleague working in a
22 The Service Dog
team were briefed and instructed to find 2
unexploded mortar shells which were very well
hidden. To make this more difficult time was an
added pressure. 2 platoons were waiting to enter
the FOB after a patrol and were under fire. The
weather was very poor with freezing fog and it
was very cold. Within 15 minutes, after some
very thorough and methodical searching, both
shells had been located and made safe.
All the time, as with the morning exercises,
Rob was being assessed and observed in
how he conducted himself, how he handled
and interacted with his dog and how he
communicated with his colleague and thought
on his feet.
When this exercise was complete, Rob was
informed by VSTAT that he had successfully
completed the course and that he and “Marley”
were now officially a team. It was also mentioned
that Rob and “Marley” would be required to
assist in the 2012 Olympics, and it was agreed
by all that they should attend to enhance the
profile of the MDPGA and the MGS in particular.
As Rob and “Marley” are the only MGS search
dog team, they will take their Continuation
Training with other Military Agencies and be
licensed by VSTAT, their annual inspections will
be carried out by John Warbutton.
After a final Veterinary Check and presentation,
on the 22nd December 2010 Rob and “Marley”
returned to their Unit for operational duties.
Rob and “Marley are unique within the
MGS, not only is he the only AES handler in
the MGS, he has also now completed both the
ACPO Explosive search dog course (recognised
throughout the country), and the military AES
handler course and is extremely well qualified
and very competent. We who attended, and I
am sure the rest of you, will want to wish them
our heartiest congratulations and many years
of productive service together, well done Rob
and “Marley” and good luck to both of you.
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The Service Dog 23
Veterinary Physiotherapy
for the Working Police Dog
What is Veterinary Physiotherapy?
Physiotherapy is an established and well
recognised health care profession aiming
at decreasing pain; enhancing healing; and
restoring movement and function following
injury, illness, surgery and disease.
Chartered Veterinary Physiotherapists have
all trained and worked in human practice
before specialising to work with animals. The
considerable experience gained in the human
field has developed skills which are largely
24 The Service Dog
transferable to animals. This, combined with
extensive training in the assessment and
treatment of injured and sick animals, makes
us experts in animal movement and muscle.
All practicing Chartered Veterinary
Physiotherapists are registered as Cat A members
of Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in
Animal Therapy (ACPAT), ensuring that they are
up to date with the latest clinical evidence, and
hold full liability insurance, and are therefore
able to provide the best possible treatment for
your animals.
Soft Tissue Injuries in
Working Dogs
Working police and military dogs are the ultimate
versatile canine athletes; therefore fitness to
work is of the upmost importance. In order for
these dogs to perform their many varied and
physically demanding tasks they need to have:
speed, agility, strength, endurance, flexibility,
good core stability, natural balance, and good
muscle co-ordination.
During the course of their working day, these
athletes may be called upon to do standing
jumps, twist and turn in mid-air, scramble up
fences, and jump over various obstacles at speed.
If sent in to apprehend a suspect, these dogs are
twisted, shaken and lifted off the ground whilst
holding on, causing un-natural torsional stress to
their spine and limbs, not to mention receiving
blows or kicks to their bodies. In these situations
they need to call on all their physical reserves,
and only if their muscle co-ordination is highly
tuned will they escape injury. Concussion from
landing from heights can cause hyper-extension
injuries to their wrist joints, and damage to the
muscles and tendons that act as shock absorbers.
Working dogs are especially prone to sustaining
minor musculoskeletal injuries that do not always
result in an obvious lameness or signs of pain.
Approximately 50% of canine body mass is
skeletal muscle, and a low-grade muscle strain is
the commonest injury in the working dog, which
often go undiagnosed. The handler may only
notice a slight loss in performance, or a subtle
change in enthusiasm or behaviour, which could
be the only sign that their dog may be carrying a
minor injury. Any loss of performance, however
small, should be investigated, as these untreated
minor injuries could lead to more serious injuries
over time. When dogs are working, their intense
motivation and high adrenaline levels can override the pain from minor injuries. Working
through injuries in this way results in increased
tissue damage. Often, it is only after the dog
has stopped working and rested, that soft tissue
injuries become apparent and they become lame.
Dogs suffering from any injury will off-load a
sore joint, or muscle, by shifting their weight
onto another leg, often the leg on the opposite
diagonal. This causes a change in their movement
pattern which will be less energy efficient, and
will put extra strain on the other limbs. This will
The Service Dog 25
in time lead to further soft tissue breakdown.
Early physiotherapy intervention will prevent
these secondary problems occurring. The dog’s
proprioception (sensory feedback system) is also
damaged after any injury, and will need to be
re-tuned in order to allow complete recovery
back to top form. This therapy should start
immediately after any injury, minor or major, as it
sets the basis for strengthening and mobilisation
activities later on in the rehabilitation. It is now
widely recognised that elite human athletes can
improve on their best performance levels by
including proprioceptively enriched activities to
their training programmes.
Injury Prevention Programs for
Working Dogs
This will include:
• Screening for minor musculoskeletal injuries
which can be easily treated before they develop
into a more serious problem.
• Improving the dogs’ core stability and body
awareness, in order to allow their limbs to
move in perfect synchronisation. This has also
been found to improve dogs’ self confidence,
decreases un-wanted aggression, and helps to
keep dogs focused in demanding situations. For
many years it has been presumed that a dog’s
strong back muscles were used for athletic ability,
but recent research has shown that their main
job is for core strength.
• Stretching exercises in order to maintain or
increase the dogs’ length of stride, which will
increase their speed across ground.
• Therapeutic exercises to improve balance, and
finely tune coordination between muscle groups.
• In addition to injuries caused by their working
26 The Service Dog
lives, these dogs can also suffer from other
orthopaedic or neurological conditions. These
can be screened for to ensure that the dogs are
referred back to their veterinary surgeons for
prompt investigation and treatment. This will
optimise their recovery, and reduce the period
that they are unable to work.
Orthopaedic and Neurological
Conditions in Working Dogs
Working dogs are susceptible to neck and back
pain; muscle, ligament or tendon strains; and
direct trauma which can cause anything from
muscle bruising to bone fractures. Cruciate
ligament damage is not uncommon and spinal
strokes occur with more frequency in athletic
dogs than companion dog? German Shepherd
Dogs are a well represented breed in police dog
work. These lovely dogs are prone to conditions
such as lumbo-sacral disease, panosteitis, hip
dysplasia, degenerative joint disease in their
hips, contracture of their hamstrings and inner
thigh muscle (gracilis), and in their later years,
degenerative myelopathy (also known as CDRM).
Spaniels, which are a commonly chosen
breed to work as sniffer dogs, are particularly
susceptible to contractures of two of the
muscles around their scapula (infraspinatus and
supraspinatus) and dislocating kneecaps.
Veterinary physiotherapy is essential in the
treatment and recovery from all these conditions.
It will enhance both the speed and quality of
healing in dogs recovering from more serious
injury. This will result in a quicker return to duty,
and a decreased likelihood of re-injury. Treatment
may include a variety of techniques:
• Manipulation and mobilisation of joints and
soft tissues.
• Electrotherapies such as ultrasound, laser
therapy, and pulsed electromagnetic energy for
pain relief and enhanced tissue healing.
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation to
strengthen muscles and re-educate movement
patterns.
• Movement and exercise therapy.
Physiotherapy for Retired
Working Dogs
Due to the high physical demands placed on
these dogs’ bodies throughout their working
life, they are more susceptible to degenerative
joint disease in their latter years. After a life time
of service most police dogs are retired to live
with their handlers, and deserve the best care
possible. To ensure a long and happy retirement,
and a good quality of life, physiotherapy can offer
long term management programs to control
pain, and maintain strength and mobility in
their twilight years.
About the Authors
Sue Ward and Sally Medcalf are Chartered
Veterinary Physiotherapists who met at the Royal
Veterinary College during their post-graduate
training. Their close friendship developed
from their joint interest in the treatment of
Working and Sporting Dogs. They both teach
on the Canine and Equine Physiotherapy
Course at Nottingham University, and frequently
collaborate to run joint courses focusing on
performance enhancement for canine athletes.
Sue is based in the Midlands (Derbyshire,
Nottinghamshire,& Leicestershire) and
surrounding area, and Sally is based in the
Home Counties (Bucks, Beds, Herts, & Oxon)
For further information about veterinary
physiotherapy, or to discuss your dog’s specific
needs, please contact Sue or Sally:
Sue Ward, Chartered Veterinary Physiotherapist
(ACPAT Cat A) T: 01332 663876, M: 07598
729540 www.safehavenclinic.co.uk
(Covering the Midlands)
S a l l y M e d c a l f , C h a r t e re d Ve t e r i n a r y
Physiotherapist (ACPAT Cat A) T: 01296 622503
M: 07842 149406 www.vipvetphysio.co.uk
(Covering Home Counties)
The Service Dog 27
Family Pet is Now a
Top Police Dog
Pictured are Lee and Lucinda Dyer (holding Eilah), with 7
year old Mayer with Milly and Handler PC Simon Clark.
Lee and Cindy Dyer with their two children,
Mayer and Eilah, were reunited once again
with an old family friend during a family visit to
RNAS Yeovilton.
Their visit was an auction prize for the Wallace
and Gromit Appeal, which is a charity raising
money for the Bristol Children’s Hospital. The Air
Station had offered a prize for the auction of “A
Day with the Fleet Air Arm”, which included a
behind the scenes visit to the active airfield and
a ticket to the Fleet Arm Museum.
For Lee’s family their prize had another real
bonus, as Yeovilton is now the home of their
family dog, Milly, who needed a new home and
is now a fully trained and hard-working Police
Dog with the MOD Police.
28 The Service Dog
Milly and her new handler, PC Simon Clark,
were delighted to meet her “extended” family
and show off her expertise as one of the MOD
Police Dogs responsible for security at RNAS
Yeovilton. PC Clark said: “It was great to meet
Milly’s family, and for them to see how happy she
is in her new home and as a first class Police Dog.”
Cdr Richard Seymour, the Community Relations
Officer said:"The Air Station always tries to help
support charities when we can, and the Wallce
and Gromit Appeal is an especially deserving
one for children. In this case, it was marvelous
being able to reunite a family with their dog and
for them to see her so contented and doing a
great job!”
The Service Dog 29
News from the MDP Dog Section
By Judith Slater
Photographs by Paul Kemp
1
2
3
30 The Service Dog
1. Eyes front!
Pictured left to right are PC Alex Fulton with
Ambra and PC Claire Dun with Bella. The MDP
bread Malinois dogs. And now a year old, and
I ready to start their training in earnest.
PCs Fulton and Don at the first female dog
handlers. To qualify at HMNB Clyde for 14 years.
Although not the first female dog handlers to
work within MDP, it is hoped that more female
officers will see this as a job they’d like to take up.
2. Give us a leg up then
A very rumbustious litter of German Shepherd
dogs : just a few of the eight puppies trying their
hardest to take on the world. There 8 puppies,
known as the Camelot letter, were born in mid
June last year and have been adopted by the
MDP dog section. They have now all been placed
with puppy walkers until, when 16 months old,
they will return to Wethersfield for their initial
General-Purpose Police Dog (GPPD) Course. The
letter R Rufus, Saxon, Elsa, Axel, Valda, Heidi,
Caroline and Zara.
3. The photographer said lift
Trying to maintain composure, from left to
right back role are: Mrs Lindsay Barber (HQ
dog section.), PC Andy Coultish (RAF Menwith
Hill ), PC Alex Fulton (HMNB Clyde ), PC Pete
Williams (HQ Ops Support), PC Jack Gillies (RNAD
Coulport), Inspector Bruce McMurchy (Agency
Dog Officer); front row PS Matt Busby (HQ Ops
Support) and PC Claire Don (HMNB Clyde
The Service Dog 31
British Police and Services Canine Association
APPLICATION FOR ASSOCIATE MEMBERSHIP
Mr/Mrs/Ms/Miss……Initial…… Surname…………………………………………………………
Occupation:…………………………………………………………………………………………..
Address:………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Town: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
County:………….……………………………………………………………………………………
Country: ………….………………… Post Code:…………………………………………………..
Tel No. (Daytime)………………………… (Evening)……………………………………………...
E-mail: ………………………………………………………………………………………..………
PROPOSED BY:
Full Members Name…………………………………………………………
Membership Number…………
Expire Date:…………………………………………………..
Associate Membership: (*Delete as applicable)
£15.00 per annum*
£50.00 per five years*
Please make cheques payable, in sterling, to B.P.S.C.A.
Please forward to: The Membership Secretary
British Police and Services Canine Association
Mr J Warbutton
6 Meadway Crescent
Selby, North Yorkshire, YO8 4FX
Tel: 07841 472 542
email: johnbpsca@aol.com
More information available at www.bpsca.com
32 The Service Dog

Signed:…………………………………Date:……………………………………………………....
British Police and Services Canine Association
APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP
Mr/Mrs/Ms/Miss……Initial……..Surname…………………………………………………………
Address:………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Town: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
County:………….……………………………………………………………………………………
Country: ………….………………… Post Code:…………………………………………………..
Tel No. (Daytime)………………………… (Evening)……………………………………………...
E-mail: ………………………………………………………………………………………..………
Name Force/Unit:.....................................................................................................................
Rank (where applicable):..........................................................................................................

Specialised Service Dates........................................................................................................
Course Qualifications (may be required):..................................................................................
Signed:....……………………………………................................. Dated:…………………………
Membership: (* Delete as applicable)
£15.00
per annum*
£50.00
per five years*
Please make cheques payable, in sterling, to B.P.S.C.A.
Please forward to: The Membership Secretary
British Police and Services Canine Association
Mr J Warbutton
6 Meadway Crescent
Selby, North Yorkshire, YO8 4FX
Tel: 07841 472 542
Email: johnbpsca@aol.com
More information available at www.bpsca.com
The Service Dog 33
British Institute
of
Professional Dog Trainers
(Security Division)
For details of:
SECURITY DOG
HANDLER’S
ACCREDITATION
Please contact:
BIPDT Security Devision, The
Harrow, Tumbril Lane, Brockdish,
Norfolk IP21 4JU
Tel: 01379 852499