BHARATI VIDYAPEETH DEEMED UNIVERSITY, PUNE (INDIA) YASHWANTRAO MOHITE COLLEGE, PUNE-38. REVISED SYLLABUS FOR Ph.D. ENTRANCE TEST (PET) SUBJECT: ZOOLOGY UNIT- 1 Biosystematics, Taxonomy and Evolution Fundamentals of systematic: Definition and basic concepts of biosystematics & taxonomy, Biological classification, Hierarchy of categories and higher taxa. Taxonomic characters: Procedures and keys. Species concepts: species category, subspecies and other infra-specific categories, different species concept. International code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN): operative principles, interpretation and application of important rules, formation of scientific taxa. Kingdoms of Life: General outline of kingdom including Monera and Protista, Broad outline and diversity in kingdom Animalia. Evolution: Concept of evolution and theories of organic evolution with an emphasis on Darwinism, Neo Darwinism concept. Population genetics: Hardy Weinberg Law of genetic Equilibrium. UNIT-2 Biodiversity Concept and principle of biodiversity. Use and importance of biodiversity. Causes for the loss of biodiversity. Biodiversity conservation methods. Role of NGO’S in conservation activities, conservation and sustainable development. Endangered and threatened animal species. National Parks and Sanctuaries. Wild Life Protection Act. UNIT-3 Cell Biology An overview of cell, cell shapes and types. Plasma membrane, Mitochondria-Structure and function. Sub cellular organelles: - E.R-smooth and rough, Golgi complex, Lysosomes, Nucleus-Structure and function. Cell cycle-Phases of cell cycle. UNIT-4 General genetics Review of Mendelian and Non Mendelian Inheritance. Monohybrid and Dihybrid Inheritance, Types of dominance. Multiple alleles, Inheritance related to sex. Applications of genetics. Human genetics: karyotypes, genetic disorders. UNIT-5 Economic Zoology Scope and importance of fish culture. Scope and importance of Vermiculture. Scope and importance of Apiculture. Scope and importance of Sericulture. Scope and importance of Pearl culture. UNIT-6 General Parasitology Parasitism Study of parasites with reference to Morphology, Life cycle, Pathogenecity and control measuresPediculus humanus Entamoeba histolytica Plasmodium vivax Ascaris lumbricoides. Immune system-innate and adaptive immunity, Applications of immunology. UNIT-7 Ecology General principles of Environmental Biology with emphasis on ecosystems. Abiotic and biotic factors of ecosystems. Communities of the environment, their structure & significance. Energy flow in environment- ecological energetic. Concept of pollution- Important characteristics of Pollutants, Local and global effect of pollutants, Population increase, Production and natural resource consumption. Kinds of environmental pollution and their control methods. UNIT- 8 Biochemistry Biomolecules-Characteristic features. Proteins- Structure and function. Carbohydrates- Structure and function. Lipids- Structure and function. Nucleic acids- Structure and function. Enzymes-Concepts of enzyme units, classification, nomenclature, properties and functions. UNIT- 9 Tools and Techniques Fundamentals of optical microscopy. Microscopes-Types and Applications. Principle, Technique and Application of: pH meter, Colorimeter, Spectrophotometer, Centrifugation, Chromatography, Electrophoresis. Histological techniques: Principles of tissue fixation, microtomy, staining, mounting. UNIT- 10 Quantitative Biology Importance of statistics in Biology. Measures of central tendency-Mean, Mode, Median. Sampling types, standard error (SE), standard deviation (SD), significance Test, student t- test, Chi-square test-assumption, importance & example. UNIT- 11 Animal care and use Animal ethics – Introduction, concept, organizations and associated laws and issues for use of laboratory animals. Animal Protection Act. Animal care and management of laboratory animals. Laboratory animal models and applications. UNIT-12 Toxicology Basic concepts, principles and scope. Toxicity testing principles, hazards, risks and their control methods. Various types of toxicological agents. UNIT-13 Bioinformatics History, scope and bioinformatics in research. Bioinformatics in India- current status and future implication. Reference books : 1. Text Books of Zoology. Vol.11, Invertebrates, 1982, A. J. Marshall And W. D. Williams, ELSB And Macmillan, Hongkong. 2. Life of Invertibrates, 1980, S. N. Prasad, Vikas Publishing Co. Sahldabad. 3. The Invertebrates, Echinodermata Vol- IV 1992, L.H. Hyman, International books and periodicals supply services Dehli. 4. Invertebrate Zoology, 1982, R. D. Barnes, Saunders College, Philadelphia. 5. Text Books of Zoology, Invertebrates Vol- II, 1992, T.J.Parker and W.A. Haswel, Edited by Marshall and Williams, CBS publications and distribution, New Dehli. 6. Invertebrates Zoology, E.L. Jordon and P.S. Verma; S. Chand and Co. Ltd., New Dehli. 14th fully Revised Edition- 2007. 7. Invertebrate Zoology, 1991, Paul, A. Meglitch and Fedricks R. Schram, Oxford University Press, New York. 8. IGCSE Biology, D. G. Mackean, Published by John Murray, London. UK, 2002. 9. Invertebrate Zoology, Edited by D. T. Anderson, Oxford University Press, New York.Indian Edition by- A.P. Offset, Dehli, 2006. 10. Diversity of Organisms. Edited by Caroline M., Pond Biology- Form and Function. Published by Hodder and Stoughton, The Open University, London. 11. An Introduction to Mollusca. H. S. Bhamrah, Kavita Juneja. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Dehli- 110002 (India). 12. An Introduction of Echinodermata. . H. S. Bhamrah, Kavita Juneja. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. New Dehli- 110002 (India). 13. Modern Text Book Of Zoology. Invertibrates. 6th Edition, 1992, R. L. Kotpal, Rastogi Publication, Merut. 14. A Text Book of Zoology, Vertebrates, Vol-II, Jeffery Parker and W.A. 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