1. travel
2. tourist destinations
3. seaside resort

International Conference on
Conservation of water bodies for
sustainable utilization
24-25 March’ 2015
Abstract
Venue
Goa International Centre, Dona Paula, Goa
Organized by
Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies, Goa (India)
Ministry of Environment
and Forests,
Government of India
Department of Science and Technology
Ministry of Science & Technology, Govt. of India, New Delhi
(24-25 March’ 2015)
An International Conference on Conservation of Water Bodies for
Sustainable Utilization
(24-25 March' 2015)
Venue: Goa International Centre,
Doan Paula, Goa, India
Background
The Earth comprises of more than 326 million trillion gallons of water whereas only 3% of all
this is fresh water. More than two-thirds of available water is locked up in ice caps and
glaciers. It is true that even water which seems to be in abundance might one day become
scarce. So this is the right time for all of us to put our sincere efforts to conserve this valuable
natural resource. Conservation of water for the agricultural purposes is also necessary since it
is essential for the growth of plants and crops. Depleting water table and rise in salinity due to
overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has made matters serious. Several remedies of
water harvesting and recharging have been and are being applied all over the world to tackle
the problem. In areas where rainfall is low and water is scarce, the local people have used
simple techniques that are suited to their region and reduce the demand for water. Water being
a critical resource, an International Conference has been proposed to provide scientists across
various expertise a common platform to discuss and build a database with intent to structure an
appropriate strategy for water conservation.
Objectives
To study the effect of climate change on aquatic ecosystems, mitigation and
◗
adaptation
◗
To assess the landscape degradation and restoration of aquatic system
◗
To develop innovative designs and technologies for waste and polluted waters for
sustainable use
◗
To evolve management strategies for fresh and marine aquatic habitats for mass
production of commercially important organisms
◗
To map groundwater bodies using modern devices
◗
To develop water bodies for eco-tourism
ABOUT MALKOLAK INSTITUTE OF MARINE STUDIES
Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies (MIMS) Goa was established under Malkolak
Knowledge Centre in the year 2012. The Institute is been lead by an eminent world renowned
scientist, Dr.Anil Chatterji and is fully dedicated to research in Marine Science and
Technology. With the expertise available in management of aquatic natural resources, the
team of Malkolak scientists, under the leadership of Dr. Anil Chatterji are working on various
research projects which will have benefit to the economy of the country. Within a short period,
MIMS has initiated several important research projects and got grant support from various
Indian government agencies.
The Institute has entered into collaborations with
- International Center for Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi; Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha;
Dhempe Charities trust, Goa and INSERM Centre De Recherche Des Cordeliers, Paris,
France towards carrying out joint research.
Ongoing Research Projects at MIMS 1)
Isolation and purification of chitin and chitosan from the carapace of the Indian
Horseshoe crab for antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds funded by Board of
Research in Nuclear Sciences, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, (Government of
India), Mumbai.
2)
Identification and development of a potential stem cell growth factor from the perivitelline fluid of the fertilized eggs of the Indian horseshoe crab for its application in
stem cell research funded by Department of Biotechnology, (Government of India), New
Delhi.
3)
Sea-ranching for stock enhancement of the Indian horseshoe crabs and
characterization of peri-vitelline fluid of its fertilized eggs for biomedical uses funded
by Department of Biotechnology, (Government of India), New Delhi.
Consultancies available with MIMS 1.
Mass production of green mussels on floating rafts and cages
2.
Techniques of isolation and purification of biologically active extracts and
compounds from marine organisms
3.
Techniques of screening various biological activities in extracts and compound of
marine origin
4.
Freshwater pearl culture
5.
Conservation and breeding technology of mahseer fish.
ABOUT MALKOLAK KNOWLEDGE CENTRE
Malkolak Knowledge Centre (www.malkolak.in) is a registered Trust formed in
March 2005. Sharing a common dream, the founders of the Trust conceived it as a
catalyst institution, with the aim of building a strong research base into various
frontier technology areas. The effort is to develop new methods, tools, processes and
technologies by forging relationships with various national institutions, research
organisations, and academia for the application of knowledge suited to industry needs
and applications.
Malkolak undertakes high impact research in a broad range of disciplines; establishes
centres or institutes in specific knowledge area in select regions of the country with a
view to achieve active and collaborative participation of all the stakeholders
converging with local factors. The idea is to bring together scientists, academia and
industry to think and act together for a mutually beneficial situation.
The trust has members who worked both in public domain and private sector at higher
echelons and gained vast experience in various fields. Sharing a common dream, the
founders of the Trust conceived this knowledge centre as a catalyst institution. The
knowledge centre focuses primarily on research and development in various frontier
areas of Sciences and technology.
Malkolak Knowledge Centre, 101C, Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad-38;
T: +91(040) 40126777; E-mail: info@malkolak.in;
Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies, 8 Astha Housing Society, Bella Vista Colony,
Dona Paula, Goa.-403004 Tel: +91 (0832) 2453177; E-mail: ac@malkolak.in;
International Conference on
Conservation of water bodies
for sustainable utilization
(24-25 March’ 2015)
Abstract
Venue
Goa International Centre, Dona Paula, Goa
Organized by
Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies, Goa (India)
CONTENTS
Sno
1
Title
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Page No.
3
2
patron’s Message
4
3
secretary’s Message
5
4
Names of participants
6-8
5
Conference programme
9
6
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
10-26
7
PoSTER PRESENTATIONS
27-33
8
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
34
2|P a ge
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Patron
Dr. D. Swaminadhan,
Former Member, Planning Commission, Govt. of India
Former Member, National Advisory Council, Govt. of India
FormerE Ex Vice-chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad
Vice-Chairman, A.P State Planning Board, Govt. of A.P, Hyderabad
Chairman, Dr. D. Swaminadhan Research Foundation.
Advisory Committee
Mrs P.Ch.Sita Devi, Secretary, Malkolak Knowledge Centre, Hyderabad
Dr. H.B. Singh, DST, New Delhi & Advisor,MIMS Goa.
Convener
Dr. Anil Chatterji, MIMS, Goa
Organizing secretaries
Dr. Sumita Sharma, MIMS, Goa
Ms Zaver Shroff, MIMS, Goa
Treasurer
Ms Sushma Sulthana Raza, MIMS, Goa
Accommodation & Transport
Mr. Siddhartha Pati, MIMS, Goa
Organizing Committee
Dr. Bisnu Prasad Dash, F. M . University, Balasore, India
Mr. Govinda Biswal, Siddheswar College., Balasore, India
Mr. Chitta Behera, Project Swarajya, Cuttack, India
3|P a ge
Patron’s Message
I am happy to note that MALKOLAK INSTITUTE OF MARINE STUDIES, GOA
(MIMS) is organizing 'An International Conference on Conservation of Water Bodies for
Sustainable Utilization during 24-25 March 2015 at Goa International Centre, Dona
Paula, Goa, India. While focusing on to structure an appropriate strategy for water
conservation the objectives of the Conference cover a wide canvas relating to Water
Issues.
It is heartening to learn that the founders of the Malkolak Knowledge Centre
conceived it as a catalyst institution, with the aim of building a strong research base into
various frontier technology areas. The effort is to develop new methods, tools, processes
and technologies by forging relationships with various national institutions, research
organizations, and academia for the application of knowledge suited to industry needs
and applications. Malkolak has centers across the country in specialized areas of Life
Sciences, Marine Studies, Pharmaceuticals, Alternate Medicine, Nutraceuticals, Nano
Sciences etc.
Water bodies are described by a plethora of different names - rivers, streams,
ponds, bays, gulfs, and seas to name a few. Many of these terms definitions overlap.
Water resources are sources of water that are useful. Uses of water include agricultural,
industrial, household, recreational and environmental activities. The majority of human
uses require fresh water. Approximately, 97% of the water on the Earth is salt water
and only 3% is fresh water; slightly over two thirds of this is frozen
in glaciers and polar ice caps. The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as
groundwater, with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air. Fresh water
is a renewable resource, yet the world's supply of groundwater is steadily decreasing.
Even though it might look a comment made in a lighter vein that “Future wars
may be fought for water” is proving to be a serious one looking at the prevailing water
crisis right across the Globe.
The idea of organizing the present Conference is timely and I congratulate the
Organizers for conducting such an important International Conference on water related
issues. I am sure the outcome of the Conference will be fruitful.
I wish a grand success for the Conference.
Hyderabad
(Dr. D. Swaminadhan)
9-3-2015.
4|P a ge
Secretary’s Message
I am happy that under the able leadership of Dr Anil Chatterji, MALKOLAK
INSTITUTE OF MARINE STUDIES, GOA (MIMS) is making rapid strides. With his
innovative thinking and uncanny zeal he is infusing lot of life into the operations of
MIMS. International Conference on Conservation of Water Bodies for Sustainable
Utilization is another notable initiative of Dr Anil Chatterji to bring awareness and to
forge partnerships among all institutions having similar objectives. It gives me immense
pleasure to compliment him for his meticulous planning and the initiative.
The souvenir brought out on the occasion contains articles from scientists
participating in the conference and is a rich collection of Research findings with real
time work carried out by scientists across the globe involved in Marine Research. The
publication is surely going to be a good reference material in future for scholars who
wish to carry out similar studies. I am happy about the diverse range of themes covered
in the publication – highlighting not only scientific and technical aspects related to the
subject, but also stressing upon environmental, ecological issues and impact of climate
change on aquatic ecosystem. The compilation has a verdant combination of various
grass root applications, success stories, and assessment studies and so on.
It is a momentous occasion for us as the publication release coincides with the
Malkolak Knowledge Centre Foundation Day and I take this opportunity to
congratulate everyone lending their supporting this mammoth task.
10th
I wish every such endeavor of the Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies a grand
success and my heartfelt compliments to MIMS team on behalf of the entire Malkolak
family.
Hyderabad
(Ms. P.Ch.Sita Devi)
12-3-2015.
5|P a ge
Name of the Participants
International delegates
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
Prof. Faizah Shaharom, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
Dr. Norazanwati bt Ismail, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
Dr. Faridah binti Mohamad, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
Dr. Helena Khatoon, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
Mr. Bryan Raveen Nelson, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
Dr. Sanjoy Banerjee, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
Dr. Ung Eng Huan, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
Dr. Mithun Sukumaran, SINGAPORE
Dr. Zahaitun, M. Z., Kuala Terengganu MALAYSIA
National delegates
1) Dr. B. P. Dash, Balasore, Odisha
2) Dr. B. N. Nayak, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha
3) Mr. Govind C. Biswal, Balasore, Odisha
4) Dr. C. U. Rivonkar, Goa
5) Dr. A.G. Untawale, Goa
6) Dr. Dattesh Desai, Goa
7) Dr. P. V. Shirodkar, Goa
8) Dr. Shashank Ogale, Pune
9) Mr. Ashok Manwani, Mumbai
10) Ms Kulanjan Dubey, Mumbai
11) Mr. Siddhartha Pati, Balasore, Odisha
12) Ms. Nibedita Patra, Balasore, Odisha
13) Ms. Somali Das, Balasore, Odisha
14) Mr. Rajkumar Jena, Balasore, Odisha
15) Mr. Abhijit Pati, Balasore, Odisha
16) Ms. Rosina Rosalin, Balasore, Odisha
6|P a ge
Participants and their addresses
N
OR-1
OR-2
OR-3
Title
Breeding, cage culture &
ranching of golden mahseer (Tor
putitora)A success story at Lonavla Dist.
Pune (M.S.) Western Ghat
Towards a biotechnology based
approach towards near zerowater exchange aquaculture
systems
Fresh water design pearl culture
in India
Authors
Shashank Ogale
Address
World Bank & Tata Power Co. For
Mahseer Hatchery, Pune
[Email: shashankaruna@gmail.com]
Ung Eng Huan
Chief Technology Officer
Biovalence S/B, MALAYSIA
[Email: huanung@yahoo.com]
Ashol Manwani &
Kulanjan Dubey
OR-4
Re-use
of
aquaculture
wastewater
in
cultivating
microalgae as live feed for
aquaculture organisms
OR-5
Algae bloom a serious threat to
aquaculture in Singapore
OR-6
The utilization of Tasik Kenyir –
the biggest man-made lake in
South-East Asia for aquaculture,
sustainable
ecotourism
and
geopark status.
Prospective zones of eco-tourism
in Goa towards conservation –
Need and Constraints
Faizah Shaharom-Harrison
OR-8
Ecotechnological approach for
water resource management:
D. S. Das, B N. Naik, and
H.M.Padhi
OR-9
Impact of climate change on
aquatic ecosystems: implications
to intertidal ecosystem
Ecological constraints brought
by climate and hydrology
changes and its effects to the
horseshoe crab, Tachypleusgigas
(Muller, 1785) populations of
Malaysia
Importance of Water Quality in
Water Management, Planning
and its Conservation.
Dattesh V Desai and Arga
Chandrashekar Anil
OR-7
OR-10
OR-11
OR-12
Future outlook for sustainable
billfish angling in Malaysia
Helena Khatoon, Mohd
Syakir Syahiran,
Noordiyana Mat Noordin,
Sanjoy Banerjee, Abol
Munafi Ambok Bolong
and Mazlan. Abd. Ghaffar
Mithun Sukumaran
C. U. Rivonker and Vinay
P. Padate
Bryan Raveen Nelson,
Julia Moh Hwei Zhoong,
Behara Satyanarayana,
Faizah Shaharom
P.V. Shirodkar
Zahaitun, M. Z.
Indian Freshwater Pearl Culture, Mambai,
INDIA
[Email: indianpearlculture@yahoo.com]
School of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Sciences,
Universiti
Malaysia
Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu,
Malaysia
[Email: hlnkhatoon@gmail.com]
Research Scientist, School of Applied
Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21
Tampines Avenue 1 Singapore- 529757
[Email:mithunsugun@gmail.com]
Institut Penyelidikan Kenyir, Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu
21030, Mengabang Telipot, Kuala
Terengganu, Malaysia
[Email: faizah@umt.edu.my]
Department of Marine Sciences, Goa
University, Taleigao Plateau, 403 206,
Goa, India.
[Email: curivonker@gmail.com]
Sophiterian College of Engineering,
Bhubaneswar.
[Email:hmp_giet@yahoo.com]
CSIR-National Institute of
Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India
[Email: ddattesh@nio.org]
Institute of Tropical Aquaculture,
University Malaysia Terengganu
(UMT), 21030 Kuala Terengganu,
Malaysia
[Email: brav_11@hotmail.com]
Ex. Sr. Principal Scientist &
Consultant
National Institute of Oceanography,
Dona Paula, Goa – 403004, INDIA
[Email: pv_shirodkar@rediffmail.com
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
Malaysia.
[Email:zahaitun@umt.edu.my]
7|P a ge
OR-13
Discontinuous distribution of
mangroves along the Indian
Coast
Arvind G. Untawale
OR-14
Abnormal morphology of Indian
horseshoe crabs: is it due to
genetic factor or degraded
marine environment?
Bisnu P Dash, Sidharth
Pati, and Abhijit Pati
OR-15
Domestic rearing –A step for
Mass production of Indian
horseshoe crab Tachypleus gigas
Gobinda Ch. Biswal
Siddhartha Pati, Bisnu P.
Dash
OR16
Assessment of water quality of
Mahisali river mouth in Odisha:
a nesting site for Indian
horseshoe crab
Use
of
cyanobacteria
immobilized in alginate beads
for improving water quality,
survival
and
growth
of
Penaeusmonodonpostlarvae in
hatchery system
Marine animal biodiversity of
Chandipur beach of Odisha,
India
Siddhartha Pati, Bisnu P.
Dash, Gobinda Ch. Biswal
Abhijit Pati, Siddhartha
Pati, Rajkumar Jena and
Bisnu P. Dash
PO-3
Hydrology
of
river
Budhabalanga for Irrigation
activity In Odisha, India
Nibedita Patra, AbhijitPati,
Rosina Rosalin ,
Siddhartha Pati
PO-4
Fish diversity In Balaramgadi
estuary
of
the
river
Budhabalanga In Odisha and
the livelihood of Inhabiting
fisher community
Assessment of the Irrigation
water quality of river
Subarnarekha in Balasore
district, Odisha, India
Rajkumar Jena, AbhijitPati
, NibeditaPatra ,Girija
Shankar Panda ,Siddhartha
Pati
Department
of
Bioscience
&
Biotechnology,
F.M.
University,
Balasore, Odisha, India
[Email: jena.rajkumar8@gmail.com]
Rosina Rosalin, Siddhartha
Pati, NibeditaPatra
Department of Bioscience &
Biotechnology, F.M. University,
Balasore, Odisha, India
[Email:rosinarosalin762@gmail.com]
PO-1
PO-2
PO-5
PO-6
Marine pollution and its
effect on marine organisms
Sanjoy Banerjee, Helena
Khatoona
Mohamed Shariff and
Fatimah Md. Yusoff
Somali Das, Abhijit Pati,
SidharthaPati, and Bisnu
Prasad Dash
Mangrove Society of India, Goa, India
[Email: arvinduntawale@rediffmail.com]
Department of Biosciences and
Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Nuapadhi,
Balasore-756020, Odisha, India.
[Email: bisnubsbtfmu@gmail.com]
Department of Bioscience &
Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Balasore756001, Odisha, India.
[Email: gcbiswal@gmail.com]
1
Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies,
Goa, India
[Email: patisiddhartha@gmail.com]
Institute of Bioscience, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Malaysia
[Email: sanjouvet@yahoo.com]
Department of Biosciences &
Biotechnology,
F.M. University, Balasore-756020,
Odisha, India,
[Email: bisnubsbtfmu@gmail.com]
Department of Bioscience &
Biotechnology, F.M. University,
Balasore, Odisha, India
[Email: patra.nibedita28@gmail.com]
P.G. Department of Biosciences and
Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Balasore756020, Odisha, India
[Email: somali536@gmail.com]
OR=Oral presentation
PO=Poster presentation
8|P a ge
Conference programme
An International Conference on Conservation of Water Bodies for Sustainable
Utilization (24-25 March’ 2015)
24 March’ 2015 (Tuesday)
Time
0800-0830 hrs
0830-0930 hrs
0930-1000 hrs
1000-1300 hrs:
1000-1045 hrs
1045-1115 hrs
1115-1230 hrs
1230-1300 hrs
1300-1400 hrs
Activities
Registration
Inauguration
Tea Break
Session -1 Chairperson: Dr. Faizah bt. Shaharom
Breeding, cage culture & ranching of golden mahseer (Tor putitora)- A success
story at Lonavla Dist. Pune (M.S.) Western Ghat
Shashank Ogale
Towards a biotechnology based approach towards near zero- water exchange
aquaculture systems
Ung Eng Huan
Fresh water design pearl culture in India
Ashok Manwani
Poster session and demonstration of freshwater pearl culture technique
Lunch Break
1400-1600 hrs: Session-2: Chairperson: Dr. A. G. Untawale
1400-1420 hrs
Re-use of aquaculture wastewater in cultivating microalgae as live feed for
aquaculture organisms
Helena Khatoon
1420-1440 hrs
Algae bloom a serious threat to aquaculture in Singapore
Mithun Sukumaran
1440-1500 hrs
The utilization of Tasik Kenyir – the biggest man-made lake in South-East Asia
for aquaculture, sustainable ecotourism and geopark status
Faizah Shaharom-Harrison
1500-1520 hrs
Prospective zones of eco-tourism in Goa towards conservation – Need and
Constraints
C. U. Rivonker
1520-1540 hrs
Impact of climate change on aquatic ecosystems: implications to intertidal
ecosystem
1540-1600 hrs
Dattesh V Desai
Ecotechnological approach for water resource management
B.K. Das
1600-1620 hrs
1620-1740 hrs
1620-1640 hrs
Tea Break
Session-3: Chairperson: Dr. Bisnu Prasad Dash
Future outlook for sustainable billfish angling in Malaysia
Zahaitun, M.Z.
1640-1700 hrs
Importance of Water Quality in Water Management, Planning and Its
Conservation
P.V. Shirodkar
1700-1720 hrs
Discontinuous distribution of mangroves along the India coast
A.G. Untawale
1720-1740 hrs
Ecological constraints brought by climate and hydrology changes and its effects
to the horseshoe crab, Tachypleus gigas (Muller, 1785) populations of Malaysia
Bryan Raveen Nelson
9|P a ge
ORAL
PRESENTATIONS
10 | P a g e
OR-1
Breeding, cage culture & ranching of golden
mahseer (Tor putitora)A success story at Lonavla Dist. Pune (M.S.)
Western Ghats
Shashank Ogale
Former Consultant,
World Bank & Tata Power Co. For Mahseer Hatchery, Pune and
Consultant, CIFE – FONA for River Ranching Program, Mumbai
[Email: shashankaruna@gmail.com]
Mahseers have been a legendary sport Fish of India and with high table value. As a food
fish it fetches very high value in hilly regions of India and Nepal. Mahseer are now
represented by six valid species and three sub-species distributed all over India. Despite
their abundance at one time Mahseer were reported to be declining in size and numbers
and were feared to be in danger of extinction in some parts of the country. The main
reasons for depletion were illegal, indiscriminate fishing, habitat destruction, aquatic
pollution and introduction of exotic fishes like Tilapia sp. etc. The success of Tata power
Company‟s (TPC) Pisciculture project initially geared to rehabilitate Deccan Mahseer
encouraged TPC to take up the breeding and culture of Golden Mahseer along with
Narmada Mahseer. On the request from ICAR in 1992. Golden Mahseer, largest of the
species was considered to be the most difficult species to breed due to its inability to
mature and breed in captivity. Earlier efforts (1992) in captive breeding of Golden Mahseer
met with little or no success. Golden Mahseer did not even respond to Hormones earlier.
Golden Mahseer Tor putitora (Ham.) normally occurring in the Reservoirs, Lakes &Rivers
of North & North-Eastern India was then introduced, into the Walwhan Lake, Shivsagar
Lake and at Tata Electric Companies Mahseer Farm near Lonavala (Dist. Pune,
Maharashtra). It was bred artificially by stripping after injecting with Ovaprim and Ovatide
for the first time at Lonavala in India. It was observed that Torputitora do mature even in
small ponds by improved aqua cultural practices in oxygenated water and with special
feeds. Gravid specimens of these fish thus raised could be stripped and eggs fertilized
successfully without the use of any hormone injections. Torkhudree, Tor tor,, Tor musullah
and hybrids of T. khudree and Tor tor were also bred similarly. Mahseer breeding is
nolonger in it‟s infancy but the commercial culture is. Fry/ fingerlings of Golden Mahseer
are being distributed all over the country for the conservation program. Transport of eggs
in moist cotton has also been possible for easy distribution. The TPC Hatchery is simple
and is the most successful Mahseer Hatchery in India. Technique of Cryopreservation of
Mahseer milt has been successful. Trials on commercial aquaculture, on Mahseer is in
progress. Cage Culture, Ranching with imprinting of Golden Mahseer in TPC reservoirs
and Indrayani River near Lonavla was successfully demonstrated. A review recent
advances and achievements which have helped in bringing Golden Mahseer from the brink
of extinction is given here along with future strategies and vision in the next century.
11 | P a g e
OR-2
Towards a biotechnology based approach
towards near zero-water exchange
aquaculture systems
Ung Eng Huan
Chief Technology Officer
Biovalence S/B, MALAYSIA
[Email: huanung@yahoo.com]
The world‟s freshwater supplies are limited and increasing use especially in high
population areas will lead to the prospect of fierce competition between industry,
agriculture and domestic usage. Climate change continues to impact freshwater supplies
and megacities facing severe shortages such as Sao Paolo are a case in point. In marine and
brackish water aquaculture, the continual threat of disease that can be horizontally
transmitted via water supply means that biosecurity will become a critical factor
determining the success or failure of aquaculture projects. An extreme case in point is that
of Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS), a shrimp disease that is caused by bacteria that has
caused a global shortage of shrimp driving up prices in many markets. This makes the
prospects of a near zero water exchange system (NZWES) very promising if it were
technologically feasible. It is called „near zero‟ as some small percentage would still be
required to balance of evaporation losses that are inevitable. Biovalence is actively
researching upon the use of nanoceramic solid state membranes coupled with bacteria
capable of simultaneously nitrification and de-nitrification such that nitrite, nitrate and
ammonia would be released into the atmosphere as nitrogen and nitrous oxide gases.
Intensive farming systems would mean that there would be a potential build up of organic
wastes such as proteins and also carbohydrates. If proteins may be broken down to amino
acids and later to ammonia, nitrite and nitrate and released into the atmosphere, and if
carbohydrates could be broken down into sugars and bacterially transformed into methane
gas, this would stop organic wastes building up. Thus, a combination of nanotechnology
with biotechnology that focused on specific biochemical pathways could provide the
solution as to how near zero water exchange systems could become reality in the very near
future in a pilot facility that will be built in Malaysia in 2015 with operational trials
commencing in 2016. This would allow for water reuse, very strong biosecurity and the
potential to make risky enterprises such as intensive shrimp culture a predictable and
highly controllable process.
12 | P a g e
OR-3
Fresh water design pearl culture in India
Ashol Manwani & Kulanjan Dubey
Indian Freshwater Pearl Culture, Mumbai, INDIA
[Email: indianpearlculture@yahoo.com]
Fresh water pearl culture is a boon and lucky chance for the conservation of water. By
doing pearl culture the production of mussels can be increased. Mussels are known as filter
feeders and clean the water selflessly without any work payment. The technique of pearl
farming is very easy to adopt and for that no education or training is required needed. It all
depends on the interest and dedication of the famers Almost in each and every village
mussels are readily available in water bodies. However, many people are ignorant about its
value and importance. So we have taken it as our mission to aware people and spread the
knowledge about the freshwater pearl culture to make the water bodies more productive.
The integrated farming can be done along with fish farming which can be an additional
source for income
13 | P a g e
OR-4
Re-use of aquaculture wastewater in
cultivating microalgae as live feed for
aquaculture organisms
Helena Khatoon1*, MohdSyakir Syahiran1, Noordiyana Mat Noordin1,
Sanjoy Banerjee2, Abol Munafi Ambok Bolong1 and Mazlan Abd.
Ghaffar1
1
School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030
Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
2
Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, MALAYSIA
[Email: hlnkhatoon@gmail.com]
Increasing demands for fish resulted in fast expansion of aquaculture industry for
continuous production. Due to the intensification of the culture, aquaculture systems
generate high amount of wastewater containing mainly nitrogen and phosphorus. The
wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus when released untreated, can cause
eutrophication of the surrounding water bodies. Therefore, research efforts have focused
on re-utilization of wastewater as medium for microalgae production, as an alternative to
commercial media that is laborious and costly. Microalgae are one of the main live feed for
rotifers, cladocerans, zooplanktons as well as larvae of fish and shrimp. Microalgae play an
important role in supplying energy, essential nutrients such as protein, lipid,
polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, amino acids and essential minerals for proper
development of aquatic organisms. . Therefore, the incorporation of wastewater derived
from aquaculture activities as a source of nutrient for microalgae cultivation could reduce
the operational costs of algal production systems. In this study, selected common yet
valuable microalgae such as Nannochloris maculate, Tetrasel mischuii and Chaetoceros
calcitrans were cultured in aquaculture wastewater and their growth and proximate
composition were compared with Conway medium. Results showed that there were no
significant differences (P > 0.05) in terms of cell density, optical density and biomass when
selected microalgae were cultivated in wastewater and Conway medium. In addition,
volumetric, areal and lipid productivity also showed similar trend for all the three species
cultured in wastewater and Conway medium. However, among the three species, T. chuii
had significantly higher (P < 0.05) protein content when cultured in wastewater medium as
compared to the Conway medium. However, there were no significant differences (P >
0.05) in terms of lipid and carbohydrate content among all the species cultured either in
wastewater or Conway medium. Therefore, the results suggest that aquaculture wastewater
could be re-used as a potential source of low-cost nutrient for selected microalgae
production. The microalgae produced could be used as a feed supplement for the
aquaculture organisms.
14 | P a g e
OR-5
Algae bloom a serious threat to aquaculture
in Singapore
Mithun Sukumaran
Temasek Polytechnic, Tampines Avenue-1, SINGAPORE-529757
[Email: mithunsugun@gmail.com]
Changes in environmental parameters causing the algal blooms at times are becoming a
devastating effect in the field of aquaculture. Nutrient levels are the major cause for algal
blooms. But is it a natural process or manmade, this is the critical question to be asked.
Recently Singapore faced devastating algal blooms in its sea causing more than 400 metric
tonne of fish loss to aquaculture. A dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium sp. caused huge mortality
not only to farmed fishes, huge loss of wild fish and several other demersal organisms such
as squid, eel, horse shoe crab, etc. The cause of mortality was not due to reduced dissolved
oxygen, but toxin released by the algae. The monitoring of nutrients and algal levels could
be one of the positive approaches to predict the blooms going to appear in near future. The
detection of algal blooms and their probable counter measure to be taken care by farmers
will be discussed in detail. Chlorophyll, nutrients (silicates, nitrates, phosphates, etc.), etc.
could be used as monitoring parameters which could be indicated daily basis could predict
the incidence of algal blooms. This could help the fish farmer to prepare canvas cages to
counter the algal blooms. Thus the most important solution is the monitoring of water
quality parameters in continuous manner.
15 | P a g e
OR-6
The utilization of Tasik Kenyir – the biggest
man-made lake in South-East Asia for
aquaculture, sustainable ecotourism and
geopark status.
Faizah Shaharom-Harrison
Institut Penyelidikan Kenyir, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
21030, Mengabang Telipot, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
[Email: faizah@umt.edu.my]
KENYIR, the largest man-made lake in S.E. Asia totalling 38,000 hectares was built for
hydroelectric power in the early seventies. Since its inception it has developed into a
natural lake ecosystem with the tops of mountains forming 240 islands teeming with
aquatic flora and fauna surrounded by a tropical dipterocarp forest inhabited by elephants,
large carnivores such as tigers, panthers, leopards , variety of tropical birds and lower
invertebrates. Before its inundation the Kenyir limestone hills had caves namely; Gua Taat,
Gua Bewah which yielded ancient skeletal remains aged. The 14,000 year old girl is
supposedly older than Perak man., making it of archeological importance. Kenyir was
previously and still is the roaming grounds of the aboriginal community the Semog Beri.
This shy aboriginal community is in need of economic sustainable project activities. Hence
the idea of proposing KENYIR GEOPARK is to develop Tasik Kenyir into a sustainable
eco and edu tourism geopark of international status. At present Sungai Como in Tasik
Kenyir has been gazette as the national production centre for freshwater aquaculture fish.
At present there are 200 cages for commercial scale integrated tilapia culture at Sungai
Como. Tasik Kenyir has many tourist attractions. Houseboats will bring tourists on island
hopping trips to Herbal park, bird Park, Tropical Garden, Kelah sanctuary and the famous
Bewah and Taat Caves. The discovery of dinosaur remains at Sungai Cicir in TasikKenyir
has elevated its potential for Geopark status. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu with its
stakeholders namely KETENGAH, Fisheries Department, Wildlife department, Forestry
Department , Orang Asli Department , Ministry of Tourism and Department of Rural
Affairs are in the process of upgrading Tasik Kenyir to become Kenyir Geopark at
national and UNESCO status.
16 | P a g e
OR-7
Prospective zones of eco-tourism in Goa
towards conservation – Need and
Constraints
C. U. Rivonker and Vinay P. Padate
Department of Marine Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, 403 206, Goa, INDIA
[Email: curivonker@gmail.com]
Eco-tourism in the tropical region has huge potentials for development to elevate the wellbeing of the local population through economic gain and sustainable use of natural
resources those lead to conservation of natural habitats. Goa, along the west coast of India,
covers diverse aquatic habitats with biologically and culturally rich environs that attract 4.9
and 29.3 lakh foreign and domestic tourists respectively. The Goan tourism industry
generates significant employment opportunities for the local communities endowed with
indigenous knowledge and earns vital foreign exchange (approximately Rs. 10,000 crores).
However, these habitats face imminent existential threats from ever increasing
anthropogenic interference leading to habitat loss. In the present paper, an attempt has been
made to put forth eco-tourism as probable remedy to simultaneously address complex
environmental (land use pattern)as well as socio-economic issues. Identification of
potential sites for conservation, extending environmental awareness and financial
incentives to dependent communities through their involvement to conserve vital habitats
through environment-related policy making is vital to improve Goa‟s status as a major
global tourist destination.
17 | P a g e
OR-8
Eco-technological approach for water
resource management
D. S. Das, B. N. Naik2and H. M. Padhi
Sophiterian College of Engineering, Bhubaneswar. Odisha, INDIA
[Email: hmp_giet@yahoo.com]
Civilization is now at the receiving end of its past mistakes of rapid industrialization,
urbanization and intensive agricultural practices. Harmony between man and environment
has been lost. Global Warming, water Pollution, Natural Calamities, Soil Erosion, land
degradation, eutrophication, energy crisis and declining amount of safe water have forced
the planners and policy makers to rethink about development in a holistic manner, without
tinkering with resilience, regeneration and recycling process of nature. Hence the Rio
Summit of 1992 gave the world agenda 21 a first comprehensive blue print of sustainable
development. Vision-21, World water forum at the Hague in 2000 forecast that water
resources will dominate the issue of survival of mankind. Safe water and its biological
resources will be major sources of food, fodder, bio-fertilizers and biomass for clean
energy. In this case eco-technology provides a method for an environmentally sound
economically sustainable production system in a systematically responsible way. Principles
of these technologies based on physico-ecological design of water bodies and choices of
indigenous species like aquatic macrophytes, weeds, reeds, filterivorous animals, snails,
mussels, malacozoans matched with the environment, then led the nature do the rest
through self purification, bioremediation and recycling. Another eco-technological marvel
is the waste water aquaculture where conversion of wastes into usable resources and
bioproducts as well as environmental protection is possible. Here the basic principles of
eco techniques include series connection of food chain or production chain. Parallel
connection of originally independent of eco system to create symbiotic network, multilayer
gradational utilization of materials, including products and by products and waste;
promotion of effective and beneficial circulation and conservation of aquatic ecosystem in
water bodies. Ecotechnological methods have become very prominent in the conservation,
management and restoration of water bodies and reservoir because they are cheap to
implement and more environment friendly compared to classical technological method of
water pollution
18 | P a g e
OR-9
Impact of climate change on aquatic
ecosystems: implications to intertidal
ecosystem
Dattesh V Desai* and Arga Chandrashekar Anil
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, INDIA
[Email: ddattesh@nio.org]
The global environment is going through a rapid change associated with increase in
atmospheric CO2, rise in aerial and aquatic temperature, sealevelas well as elevated
incident ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-BR). The current rates of changes in these parameters
are high which pose many foreseen and unforeseen problems, some of which are
associated with the biodiversity. The alteration in aquatic biodiversity in addition to the
global environmental changes has important implications in food production and
socioeconomics, recreation, nutrient recycling and greenhouse gas regulation. The ocean is
a cradle of life. Evolution of life in this aquatic environment has given rise to a wide
variety of life styles. Some have free-living planktonic lives which drift passively in the
water, while some develop into nekton that can swim actively. Some species inhabit the
sea bottoms while some are attached to the substratum. Life of these organisms in the sea
is governed by a number of physical and chemical processes. Living organisms require
energy for growth and multiplication and to sustain their population. Some acquire this
through photosynthesis (plants), chemosynthesis (autotrophic bacteria) or uptake of
organic matter as particles and grazing upon by photosynthetic organisms (most animals)
or dissolved organic materials. Marine environment has several coastal habitats among
which the intertidal and sub tidal habitats are most important as they harbor diverse marine
organisms which are benthic, sedentary or sessile. The changes in the climate make their
greatest impact on the organisms living in this region as they experience changes in both
aerial and aquatic environments. It is important to address the signatures of these changes
in the organisms inhabiting these areas to predict the range shifts of these organisms and
also habitat and diversity loss due to climate change.
19 | P a g e
OR-10.
Ecological constraints brought by climate
and hydrology changes and its effects to
the horseshoe crab, Tachypleus gigas
(Müller, 1785) populations of Malaysia
Bryan Raveen Nelson, Julia Moh Hwei Zhoong, Behara Satyanarayana,
Faizah Shaharom
University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
[Email: brav_11@hotmail.com]
Recently, horseshoe crabs are recognized as „near threatened‟ in the IUCN red list but
limited action was anticipated by countries that host them. Although several Asian
countries like Taiwan, Japan and India implemented legislations to protect their horseshoe
crabs yet, many other regions still record these animals as „data deficient‟. Among them,
Malaysia, a country diverse with aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. In fact, recent
interventions (e.g. residential structures, jetty construction, land reclamation, boat docking
etc.) made these nesting grounds face tremendous beach alterations from sand shifting and
physicochemical changes. Interestingly, researchers thought that Tachypleus gigas had
varying preference to sediment types since Pantai Balok exhibits fine sand (Xφ>2) whereas
Tanjung Selangor comprise of coarse sand (Xφ<1). After several attempts, it was
discovered that the crab‟s nesting activity coincide with the occurrence of 0.125, 0.180 and
0.250 mm sand fractions. In particular to similar sand exhibition at both areas (from
weather changes), their nesting activity continued to decline between 2009 and 2013.
Using the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) through Primer V.6, sediment sorting was
found to be important. At Pantai Balok, the sorting coefficient (σφ) was found increasing
whereas at Tanjung Selangor it decreased during the observation span. Interestingly, the
Step-wise analysis that amalgamated biological and environmental parameters showed that
salinity and S2- concentration in water were major influences. By combining the results
from both analyses, moisture depth and dissolved oxygen were the actual determinants for
the visitation of T. gigas at both areas. This is because; horseshoe crabs have
chemoreceptors on their walking legs to detect suitable substrate in order to maximize
hatching success. Therefore, to amend this, it is highly imperative that both areas receive
proper management and planning to sustain these horseshoe crab populations from
complete disappearance. Perhaps, the implementation of „protected areas‟ and „prohibited
horseshoe crab fishing‟ guided by the local legislations (e.g. Wildlife Conservation Act and
Fisheries Act) could raise awareness among the locals. This will not only protect the crabs
but also, offer them chances of recovery since they require up to 42 days of embryogenesis
and approximate 9 to 11 years to attain maturity.
20 | P a g e
OR-11
Importance of Water Quality in Water
Management, Planning and Its Conservation
P. V. Shirodkar
Ex. Sr. Principal Scientist & Consultant
National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa – 403004, INDIA
[Email: pv_shirodkar@rediffmail.com]
Knowledge of the various types of water such as seawater, estuarine water, river water,
lake water, well water, spring water, etc occupying 1/4th of the Earth‟s surface is highly
important in water conservation and management strategies. Of the various types of water,
the fraction of water that is truly available for human utilization is very small, its common
source being the underground water reservoir. Despite this one common source, the waters
vary significantly in their composition and this variation is intimately related to the natural
as well as anthropogenic influences. This compositional variation not only affects the
quality of water, but also affects its productivity and the human health. Water Quality
Index (WQI) is one of the mathematical tools that is mostly used for understanding the
quality of water. It transforms the bulk water quality data into a single digit for indicating
the level of water quality. The WQI of the main 9 water quality parameters (viz. temp.,
salinity, TSS, turbidity, pH, nitrogen, etc) are first generated and transformed into a single
number called the Overall Index of Pollution (OIP) which represents the overall quality of
water. This OIP differentiates between the various types of water and designates them as
excellent water (OIP: 0 - 1), acceptable quality water (OIP: 1 - 2) slightly polluted (OIP: 2
– 4), polluted (OIP: 4 – 8) and heavily polluted water (OIP: 8 – 16). Various water quality
studies carried out in different aquatic environments such as small and large rivers, and
their estuaries along the west coast and in the coastal sea along the Indian coast since the
past 2 decades have indicated that the water in the Gulf of Khambat is alarming and ranges
from polluted to heavily polluted (OIP: 5 - 9); the coastal water off Mumbai from Mahim
Creek to Vasai ranges from slightly polluted to polluted (OIP: 3.5 - 5), followed by the
coastal waters in various other regions. Of the various rivers, the northern rivers in Gujarat
such as Narmada, Tapti, Mahi, and Shetrunji; the rivers in Thane and Mumbai show
polluted water due to the presence of large amounts of PO 4, NO3, NH3, Phenols, TSS,
heavy metals and microbes resulting from domestic and industrial waste regularly
discharged into them. In Goa, 2 of the 9 rivers, the Zuari and Mandovi Rivers show
slightly polluted to polluted water with contaminants ranging from nitrate, ammonia to
microbes, which are mostly from the agricultural drainage and sewage discharges. Among
the 3 major ports along the west coast of India, the water in Kandla port ranges from
slightly polluted to polluted (OIP: 3 – 5); in Mormugao port it ranges from acceptable
quality to polluted (OIP: 2 – 5.3), whereas, in Mangalore port, the water is of acceptable
quality (OIP within 2) and is attributed to prevailing hydrodynamic conditions in the area.
The importance of water chemistry and water quality in water management studies by
citing some more examples of rivers and estuaries along the west coast of India is being
highlighted in the present study.
21 | P a g e
OR-12
Future outlook for sustainable billfish
angling in Malaysia
Zahaitun, M.Z.
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, MALAYSIA.
[Email: zahaitun@umt.edu.my]
Big game fishing especially for billfish angling is a great past time for offshore anglers in
Malaysia. Since 2004, this fish is renowned as the annual international angling competition
in the Royal Pahang Billfish International Challenge (RPIC). The tournament actually
takes advantage of the active migration season of the billfishes, such as marlin (Maikara
indica) and Indo-Pacific sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus), which passing the Kuala
Rompin waters from the northern hemisphere to their destination in Australia, during the
months of March to September. While this highly prestigious game fish generates big
profits during the RPBIC, it is not a favourable eating fish for Malaysians. The reefs at
Kuala Rompin, namely; Karang (Reef) DO, Karang Cha, Karang Batu Mati, Karang
Bubu, Karang Luas, Batu Berhala, Karang Rompin, Batu Saga and Tukun Tayar are the
seasonal aggregation areas which become the billfish angling spots. The angling regulation
like “catch and release” is closely observed during the RPBIC. However, the recreational
fishing activities are still unregulated in Malaysia and the regulation on “catch and release”
is not practiced by billfish anglers who are not participated in the RPBIC. Without
regulations, recreational billfish anglers are not monitored and can catch unlimited
numbers of fish. This paper discusses the importance of regulations in billfish angling in
Malaysia for conservation and sustainability of the RPBIC.
22 | P a g e
OR-13
Discontinous distribution of mangrove flora
along the Indian Coast
Arvind G. Untawale
Mangrove Society of India, Dona Paula, Goa
[Email: arvinduntawale@rediffmail.com]
Distribution of mangrove is observed along the tropical belt of the world. There are several
phytogeographical changes in mangrove distribution. Along the indian coast there are
different climatic, geographical and ecological conditions. There are gulfs, large estuaries,
deltas and mudbanks. Total mangrove forest in india has been estimated to approximately
5500km2 out of this 80% mangrove area is on the east coast while 20% along the west
coast. There are about 65 species of mangrove flora along the Indian coast. It has been
however, observed that there is discontinuous distribution of the flora along the coast. The
major factors for this phenomenon are degratation due to geological changes like
continenttal drift or tilting, erosion, heavy precipitation resulting into flood, cyclones and
extreme climate. At the same time, the latest developmental changes like deforestation,
reclamation and pollution are also responsible for extinction of spp. The best example of
the patchy distribution of the species of Nypa fruiticans, Xylocarpus spp. Heretiera sp.,
Sonneratia spp., Kandella rheedii, Phoenix palludosa and few others. The preseentation
deals with the details of distribution of mangrove flora along the indian coast and probable
reasons or factors responsible. The paleobotanical and polynological evidences from the
sediment cores in nearshore and deeper marine areas prove that different mangroe species
were growing along the coast in the past. To substantiate these theories of discontinuous
distribution, it is essential to apply these views and interpret the data keeping in view the
Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan (ICZMP)
23 | P a g e
OR-14
Abnormal morphology of Indian horseshoe
crabs: is it due to genetic factor or
degraded marine environment?
Bisnu P. Dash, Sidharth Pati and Abhijit Pati
Horseshoe Crab Research Laboratory,
Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Nuapadhi, Balasore-756020, Odisha, INDIA.
[Email: bisnubsbtfmu@gmail.com]
Two species of horseshoe crabs have been reported along the east coast of India. Coexistence of Tachypleus gigas and Carsinoscorpius rotundicauda has been observed in and
around the Hukitola island of Odisha. Rapid urbanization and mechanized intensive fishing
activity have adversely effects the horseshoe crab population in recent years. A large
number of carapaces of dead horseshoe crabs have been found along the Bay of Bengal
cost starting from the Talasari to Bhitarkanika beach. Besides the dead carapaces numbers
of live T gigas with abnormal morphological features have been observed. It could be due
to the impact of degradation of costal beach as well as the marine water quality of the coast
or could also be due some genetic factors.
24 | P a g e
OR-15
Domestic rearing –A step for Mass
production of Indian horseshoe crab
Tachypleus gigas
Gobinda Ch. Biswal1, Siddhartha Pati2, Bisnu P. Dash3
1
Department of Zoology, Siddheswar College, Balasore, Odisha, INDIA
2,3
Horseshoe Crab Research Unit,
Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756001, Odisha, INDIA
India.
[Email: gcbiswal@gmail.com]
Horseshoe crabs are commercially important marine organisms popularly known as living
fossils which are an important source of scientific study, as they have several active
biological substances in their blood. Horseshoe crabs are commercially utilized for various
purposes such as food, artificial bait, fertilizer, Endotoxin detection (LAL Test), ingredient
of a potential AIDS vaccine and for source of chitin. Globally, four extant species of
horseshoe crabs are available, two of which are abundantly distributed along the north-east
coast of India. Earlier studies revealed that, large populations of the horseshoe crabs were
migrating for the purpose of breeding regularly along the north-east coast of Odisha.
Results of a recent territory-wide survey showed that the density of juvenile horseshoe
crabs on nursery shores in India has significantly reduced due to loss of tidal flats and
spawning beaches, and the deterioration of quality of coastal waters. A standardized
attempt has been made to hatch and culture the Trilobites of T. gigas in domestic condition
providing the natural sea water, normal room temperature and standard size sand grains
collected from breeding ground as well as on a controlled diet of chopped juvenile earth
worms for the first time. The fertilized eggs were hatched as per the natural reported time
period of 35- 42 days of incubation and with a hatching rate of 98.0%. Trilobites have molt
up to the third post hatched juvenile stage within a period of 90 days from the day of
hatching with 99% success. Sea releasing of different instar juveniles are successfully
performed to restore the population of T. gigas. The domestic rearing and sea releasing are
within the approach of common men which will probably facilitate the mass production of
Indian horseshoe crab creating a new approach for its successful conservation.
25 | P a g e
OR-16
Assessment of water quality of Mahisali river
mouth in Odisha: a nesting site for Indian
horseshoe crab
Siddhartha Pati1, Bisnu P. Dash2, Gobinda Ch. Biswal2
1
2
Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies, Goa, INDIA.
Horseshoe Crab Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756020, Odisha, INDIA.
[Email: patisidhharth@gmail.com]
The physiochemical parameters of coastal marine waters have great impact on the basic
biology, physiology and ecology of many benthic and pelagic organisms. The east coast of
Odisha has been known as the breeding ground of horseshoe crab, Olive Riddle turtle and
other unique organisms. The coast of Odisha, particularly in and around Chandipur has
been reported to be the nesting grounds for both the species of horseshoe crabs i.e. T.gigas
and C. rotundicauda. In the present work, the salinity, temperature, pH and other relevant
parameters of marine water at Mahisali river mouth ware estimated once in a month during
high tide from January 2014 to December 2014 as per the standard procedure and methods.
The surface water temperature varied from 32.2-18.10 C. The surface water salinity varied
from 10 ppt-32 ppt. Seasonal fluctuation in the pH of the water varied 6.8-8.3 in this
estuary.
26 | P a g e
POSTER
PRESENTATIONS
27 | P a g e
PO-1
Marine animal biodiversity of Chandipur
beach of Odisha, India
Abhijit Pati, Siddhartha Pati, Rajkumar Jena and Bisnu P. Dash
Department of Biosciences & Biotechnology,
F.M. University, Balasore-756020, Odisha, India,
[Email: bisnubsbtfmu@gmail.com]
Marine biodiversity, comprising of millions of animals, plants and micro-organisms and
the genes they contain is our priceless heritage that helps enrich our life and provide safety
measures to man and other living beings in a geographical area. Their loss will mean
severe damage to the intricate network of our life. This paper identifies the uniqueness of
the beautiful marine water habitat of Chandipur coast of Odisha, India. A wide variety of
animals both invertebrates to vertebrates have been observed with lots of unique species.
This beach supports a unique assemblage of different type of marine water biodiversity. It
is one of the hotspots of biodiversity in India with unique ecological status having both the
fresh water (River Budhabalaanga) and salt water characteristics creating an extremely
productive environment due to efficient nutrient cycle. People who are directly or
indirectly involved with the areas should think about their survival and coexistence in
nature for a sustainable ecosystem. The beach, in view of its rich biodiversity, has turned
out to be an excellent centre for research and tourist attraction which may contribute
significantly to the economy as well as reputation of Odisha State.
28 | P a g e
PO-2
Hydrology of river Budhabalanga for
irrigation activity in Odisha, India
Nibedita Patra, Abhijit Pati, Rosina Rosalin, Siddhartha Pati
Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, F.M. University, Balasore, Odisha, INDIA
[Email: patra.nibedita28@gmail.com]
The suitability of river water quality for agricultural and irrigation purposes was assessed
in a predominantly farming in Balasore district (Odisha). Various water quality parameters
were determined to assess river water quality. Standard methods for physicochemical
determinations were employed. Water samples were collected from 3 sampling stations.
The study area has been divided into three seasons: Winter (November-February), summer
(March to June) and rainy (July to October). Water quality variables were measured in the
river over a period of two years. The samples were analyzed for electrical conductivity
(Ec), total dissolved salts (TDS), salinity; P H. Study of all these characteristics indicates
that river water in rainy season is not suitable for irrigation purpose because of high values
of total dissolved salts, Ec.
29 | P a g e
PO-3
Fish diversity in Balaramgadi estuary of the
river Budhabalanga inOdisha and the
livelihood of inhabiting fisher community
Rajkumar Jena, Abhijit Pati , Nibedita Patra , Girija Shankar Panda,
Siddhartha Pati
Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, F.M. University, Balasore, Odisha, INDIA
[Email: jena.rajkumar8@gmail.com]
Fish diversity and fishers‟ community move and live together. If this movement is in
sustainable manner, fish diversity flourishes enhancing species richness of the region. This
ultimately brings a continuous source of income as well as fish protein to the most
vulnerable group of Fisheries Sector viz. fishers. So, where biodiversity of fish is rich, the
role of socioeconomics of the fishers for the sustainable growth is the most needed. A
study was undertaken during September, 2014 to March, 2015 to observe the fish diversity
of the Balaramgadi estuary of the River Budhabalanga in Odisha. Besides, it was in
thought to study the fisher community residing in these areas and their involvement in
fishing activities for livelihood sustenance as well as their socio-economy. Based on
collected data from the study, it is observed that there is an occurrence of lots of species.
30 | P a g e
PO-4
Assessment of the irrigation water quality
of river Subarnarekha in Balasore district,
Odisha, India
Rosina Rosalin, Siddhartha Pati and Nibedita Patra
Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, F.M. University, Balasore, Odisha, INDIA
[Email : rosinarosalin762@gmail.com]
India is rich in water resources being gifted with a network of rivers that can meet a variety
of water requirements of the country. However, with the rapid increase in the population of
the country and the need to meet the increasing demands of irrigation, human and
industrial consumption, the available water resources are getting depleted and the water
quality has deteriorated. This piece of work is a preliminary attempt to analyze the water
quality of River Subarnarekha in Balasore district, Odisha for irrigation purpose. Water
samples were collected from 3 sampling stations. The study area has been divided into
three seasons: Winter (November-February), summer (March to June) and rainy (July to
October). Water quality variables were measured in the river over a period of two years.
The samples were analyzed for electrical conductivity (Ec), total dissolved salts (TDS),
salinity, PH. Study of all these characteristics indicates that river water in rainy season is
not suitable for irrigation purpose because of high values of total dissolved salts, Ec.
31 | P a g e
PO-5
Use of cyanobacteria immobilized in
alginate beads for improving water quality,
survival and growth of
Penaeusmonodonpostlarvae in hatchery
system
Sanjoy Banerjee1, Helena Khatoona2, Mohamed Shariff1,3 and Fatimah
Md. Yusoff1,4
1
Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, MALAYSIA
School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030
Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA
3
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, MALAYSIA
4
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400
UPM Serdang, MALAYSIA
[Email: sanjoyvet@yahoo.com]
2
Water quality has been considered to be an important factor that influences the growth and
survival of postlarvae (PLs) in a hatchery system. In shrimp rearing system, ammonia and
nitrite accumulate in the water column due to high stocking density, artificial feed
containing high protein and faeces which is a constraint in the larval rearing system.
Chemical and biological filtration system for small-scale shrimp hatchery systems are
expensive. In this study, an efficient, simple and eco-friendly biological method of using
cyanobacterial beads were tested for its efficacy in reducing total ammonia nitrogen (TAN)
and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) to improve the survival and growth of Penaeusmonodon
postlarvae (PL) in hatchery system. The cyanobacterial beads were prepared using selected
cyanobacteria in alginate for rapid and efficient removal of nitrogenous compounds such as
ammonia and nitrite from shrimp PL culture water. There were three treatments, i.e., 1)
tanks containing cyanobacterial beads, 2) tanks with beads only but without
cyanobacteria,3) tanks with 50% water exchange on alternate days, and 4) control tanks
(without water exchange and beads). Results showed that tanks treated with cyanobacterial
beads were able to significantly (P<0.05) sustain TAN andNO2-N concentration below 0.1
mgL-1. Shrimp PLs in tanks treated with cyanobacterial beads had significantly higher
(P<0.05) survival rate (74%) and specific growth rate (13%) compared to other treatments.
In addition, shrimp PLs reared in tanks containing cyanobacterial beads had a significantly
higher survival when subjected to stress test as compared to the control but was not
significantly different (P>0.05) when compared to tanks with 50% water exchange. Further
studies are needed to investigate the economic feasibility of using the cyanobacterial beads
on a commercial scale for improving water quality, survival and growth of shrimp PLs in
hatcheries.
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PO-6
Marine pollution and its effect on marine
organisms
Somali Das, Abhijit Pati, Sidhartha Pati and Bisnu Prasad Dash
P.G. Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology,
Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756020, Odisha, INDIA
[Email: somali536@gmail.com] ]
Marine pollution has become a challenge for whole world, because it adversely affects the
marine plants and animals. Offshore drilling of big oil spills in oceans causes low fertility
and poor birth survival rates of marine organisms due to oil contamination. Many birds are
not able to fly due to oil in their fur/feathers, oil also clogs the gills. Not only that, it also
blocks the sunlight which hampers the photosynthesis in marine plants. Mercury is a
neurotoxin, which is released by the coal fired power plants and which accumulates in the
brain and nervous system of some marine organisms. Nutrient runoff from the agricultural
fields into the water bodies causes Algal bloom by the phytoplankton, which discolourizes
the whole water body and decreases the transparency of water. Some plastics and trash
items degrades the water quality and affects the marine plants and also clogs the digestive
system of the marine animals. Overfishing, radioactive substances as well as the marine
litters destroy the coastal and marine habitats also.
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Acknowledgments
The Malkolak Institute of Marine Studies is grateful to
1) Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for
financial support for organizing the conference.
2) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government
of India for financial support for organizing the conference.
3) Director, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula,
Goa for his encouragement.
4) Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of External Affairs for
granting necessary clearances for foreign delegates to attend the
conference.
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