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CCR - China Chemical Reporter
Sample 1
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NEWSDESK
China to Open Aviation Fuel Market
A
ccording to a source
from China Aviation
Fuel Group Corporation, the
founding of the company is
an important aspect in the
reform of the aviation fuel
supply system in China. It
shows that the Chinese Government determines to break
the current monopoly situation and introduce competition mechanisms through
the reform of the aviation
fuel supply system.
While opening the oil
product market, China will
gradually open the aviation
fuel market. Aviation fuel
suppliers with necessary
qualifications will be allowed to sign aviation fuel
supply contracts through
tender bidding or consultation with airlines. Enterprises with necessary qualifications will be allowed to
undertake aviation fuel filling business. A healthy
competition mechanism will
be established in the aviation fuel supply and filling
market. Equal treatment in
terms of airport oil supply
facilities should be given to
approved suppliers. Mechanisms for government-controlled market admission and
compensated use should be
formed.
China Aviation Fuel Group
Corporation will separate
the main from the auxiliary
business in former China
Aviation Fuel Corporation
and transform the core business and related assets into
a limited liability company
with controlling equity from
the group corporation and
equity participation from the
three aviation groups. Domestic petrochemical enterprises will also be allowed to
hold shares in the company
to establish profit and risk
sharing among producers,
suppliers and users.
The reform of the aviation fuel pricing system is
also an important component in the opening of the
aviation fuel market and the
introduction of competition
mechanisms. Presently the
aviation fuel price in China
is still fixed by the state and
aviation fuel suppliers do
not have full autonomy.
The aviation fuel price fails
to reflect the supply and
demand relationship in
airlines. With the opening
of the aviation fuel market,
a multilevel aviation fuel
pricing system will be
gradually developed.
Plastics Industry to Have Bright Prospects
At the congress convened on November 8, Jiang Zemin put forward a new
target to build a well-off society in an
all-round way in his report.
China has a big agricultural sector.
To achieve the target of an all-round
well-off society, it is necessary to develop a high yielding, better quality and
highly efficient agriculture, to promote
sustainable development in order to
guarantee an effective supply of agricultural products and raise the income
of peasants. All this will help boost
functions and quality of agriculture-use
plastics such as canopy film, mulch
film, green fodder film and sun-shading nets.
China has become the country with
the biggest production and consumption of agricultural film in the world.
According to the estimation made by
the Ministry of Agriculture, by 2005
China will have a total of 1.5 million ha.
of cultivated areas with horticultural
4
installations and the whole country will
hold an area of 11.3 million ha. covered with mulch film. Furthermore,
there are silage-use film, feed greens.
use film, plastic containers for plant
growth, sun-shading nets, nets for insect disease prevention, fishing nets,
anti-staling materials, pesticide apparatuses and foaming plastic boards,
which will also consume 3 million tons
of plastics by 2005.
Of the total consumption of water
nationwide, irrigation water takes up
70%. Saving irrigation water will need
large amounts of plastic apparatus.
According to the initial planning by
the water board, by 2005 another 9.3
million ha. of irrigation areas will be
added to the present figure of 17 million ha. of areas of water saving irrigation works, requiring 1.7 million tons
of plastics used for various kinds of
water saving apparatus such as pipe
materials, pipe works, film, braided
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
cloth, and so on.
It is necessary to continuously raise
people’s living environment and housing quality. Plastic building materials
are an important integrant of new building materials of the fourth generation.
By 2005 the whole country will stand
in need of 1 million tons of various
kinds of plastic pipes and structural
section of doors and windows, and
other applications such as high polymer waterproof materials, decorative
and finishing materials and various
kinds of thermal insulation materials
and other building use plastics, which
will add a further 4 million tons.
Packing plastics applications such as
in cement, chemical fertilizers, cereals,
foods, drinks, pharmaceuticals, washing articles and cosmetics, are sure to
have a healthy market. The demand will,
in the years to come, grow by a considerable rate, and by 2005 it will reach 5.5
million tons.
NEWSDESK
Temporar y Antidumping Measures
Adopted against Esters of Acrylic Acid
MOFTEC (The Ministry of Foreign
Trade and Economic Cooperation PRC)
issued an announcement on Oct. 10,
2001 after consultation with SETC (the
State Economic and Trade Commission
of PRC) and started dumping investigation into esters of acrylic acid
(including methyl acrylate, ethyl
acrylate, butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl
acrylate) originated from Korea,
Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia.
MOFTEC has made investigation into
the existence of dumping and the extent of dumping. SETC has made investigation into the existence of damage
and the extent of damage caused to the
involving domestic sector.
Recently MOFTEC and SETC have
made the preliminary ruling according
to the results of investigations and the
stipulations in Article 24 of the “Regulations of the People’s Republic of
China on Anti-dumping and Antisubsidy”.
The preliminary ruling made by
MOFTEC is that dumping of the product under investigation exists. The preliminary ruling made by SETC is that the
product under investigation has caused
substantive damage to the domestic
sector. Agencies in charge of investigations have verified that there is
cause/effect relationship between
dumping and substantive damage.
Temporary antidumping measures
According to the related articles,
MOFTEC has decided to adopt temporary antidumping measures in the form of
cash guarantee fund. Starting from Dec.
5, 2002, importers importing the product
China Plans to Reduce
Sulfur Dioxide Emissions
T
he State Environmental Protection Bureau has stated that, in
a bid to reduce environmental pollution caused by sulfur dioxide and
acid rain in China, the State Council has recently made adjustments
in accordance with the “Tenth-five
Year Plan to prevent pollution in
two controlling areas of acid rain
and sulfur dioxide”, programmed
jointly by the State Environmental
Protection Bureau and departments
concerned.
Measures to be taken to reduce
emissions in the two areas
(controlling sulfur dioxide area and
controlling acid rain area) include:
(1) reducing the sulfur content of
coal; (2) decreasing 20% of sulfur
dioxide emissions from thermal
power plants in the areas by 2005
(on the basis of 2000 figures); (3)
controlling emissions of sulfur dioxide from furnaces, industrial kilns,
machining processes and residential quarters. While the pollution
prevention investment on the two
control areas will be increased, fine
on emission of sulfur dioxide is being strengthened. A regular will be
implemented that the discharge
right of sulfur dioxide need to be
paid.
It is reported that in order to realize the above-mentioned goal,
China will spend RMB96.7 billion
in the prevention and tackling of
sulfur dioxide and acid rain pollution during the Tenth-five Year Plan
period.
under investigation originated from
Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia should provide cash guarantee fund
to the customs in China according to the
dumping extent of foreign companies defined in the preliminary ruling.
Dumping Extent of Foreign Companies
Country
Dumping
Korea
LG Chem Ltd.
Other companies
Malaysia
BASF Petronas chemicals Sdn Bhd
Other companies
Singapore
Singapore Acrylic Ester PTE Ltd.
Other companies
Indonesia
PT. Nippon Shokubai Indonesia
Other companies
Source: MOFTEC
extent
11%
20%
13%
38%
46%
49%
11%
24%
CNOOC Constructs
Large Refinery
CNOOC will construct a large refinery in
Guangdong Huizhou. According to Wei
Liucheng, General Manager of CNOOC, the
refinery has a design capacity of 12.0 million t/a. It is mainly intended to supply feedstock to the Nanhai 800 000 t/a ethylene
project jointly funded by CNOOC and Shell.
After the completion of the project, CNOOC
will possibly start to construct filling stations in China to develop its terminal marketing network of oil products. It is an important aspect in the strategy of expanding
downstream markets.
Besides the Nanhai ethylene project and the
refinery project, CNOOC is constructing
China’s biggest chemical fertilizer project in
Hainan and will also construct China’s first
imported LNG receiving station in Shenzhen,
Guangdong, China.
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
5
NEWSDESK
Unilever Establishes Global
Purchase Center in Shanghai
Unilever CEO presided over
the opening ceremony of the
global purchase center established in Shanghai. He
also told the press that
through the functioning of
the global purchase center in
Shanghai, China would become a lasting and strong
driving force for the development of Unilever.
Unilever (China) Global
Purchase Center is the 38th
multinational purchase unit
established by multinationals in Shanghai, and the
number of such purchase
units is hoped to increase to
45 by the end of this year.
Furthermore, the volume of
purchases made by multinationals in Shanghai is increasing at an average annual rate of 30%. It is expected that the volume of
purchases made by multinationals in the Yangtze River
Delta through Shanghai will
reach US$50.0 billion in 2010.
Shanghai is becoming a
gathering place for multinational purchasers and
suppliers.
According to Unilever
executives, China has already
become one of the most im-
portant worldwide raw material supply bases for Unilever.
The founding of the global
purchase center indicates
that Unilever will continue to
strengthen its purchase activities in a big way in China.
It is expected that the export
value of raw materials to
be manufactured by
Unilever in China will be
more than US$500 million in
the next 5 years.
It is reported that Unilever
has more than 100 suppliers
in China and over 40 of them
can provide products for
export. They are distributed
Grandtour Purchases Two Tire
Companies in Chongqing
C
hongqing Chemical & Pharmaceutical Holding (Group) Company
sold its two subsidiaries (Chongqing
Zhongce Tire Company and
Chongqing Tire General Plant) with
the value of RMB66 million to
Grandtour of Singapore.
Chongqing Tire General Plant is a
state-own enterprise and Chongqing
Zhongce Tire Company is a joint
venture. The two companies run into
operation trouble for managing problem or JV dispute. They announced to
become impoverished respectively in
April last year and in June this year.
Chongqing Chemical & Pharmaceutical Holding (Group) Company negotiated with some companies for dispose
of the two tire companies. In the end,
Chongqing Chemical & Pharmaceutical Holding (Group) Company reached
6
an agreement with Grandtour of
Singapore.
The newly-established Chongqing
Grandtour Tire Co., Ltd. has put into
operation with investment of RMB200
million for the first phase. It will produce 1 million leaning tires, 1 million
radial tires and 3.50 million motor
cycle tires.
Grandtour is a large-scale tire manufacturer headquartered in Singapore
with business all over the world.
Grandtour is exporting its tire to more
than 80 countries.
During the few past decades, the
booming Chinese economy has led to
rapid highway construction and the
subsequent demand for Premium FirstClass tires increased dramatically.
Grandtour took this business opportunity to expand the Chinese tire
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
in Shanghai, Anhui and
Zhejiang. Starting from
1997, domestic suppliers
were recommended to
Unilever global system
through regional and global purchase activities,
and the number of such
domestic suppliers was
limited at that time. Today
more than 90% of raw materials for household and
personal care products
produced by Unilever in
China are purchased from
local markets. The upgrading of local suppliers to international standard and
the good opportunities offered by entry into the
WTO, prompted Unilever
to decide to establish the
global purchase center in
Shanghai.
manufacturing industry with firm investments in Grandtour Tire (Anhui)
Co., Ltd. and Grandtour Tire (Fujian)
Co., Ltd.
Grandtour has steadily shown increased activity in the production and
sales of tires in spite of the intense
competition in the Chinese market.
At present, Grandtour Tires Headquarters has a network of 37 Sales and
Service Offices in China and well-established operations in over 80 countries in Europe, Asia, and America &
Africa offering Grandtour “Made-inChina” Premium Tires.
Chemical
Fer tilizer
Industr y
Famous Brand of China
Add: Lucheng City, Shanxi, PRC
P.C.: 047507
Tel: +86-355-6891259
Fax: +86-355-6763015
website: www.tianjigroup.com
NEWSDESK
Guangzhou Plans to Construct Environmental
Protection Packing Material Project
A
world-class environmental protection packi n g m a t e r i a l p r o j e c t has
been launched in
Guangzhou. Products in the
project will replace disposable foamed plastic materials to prevent “white
pollution”. The project,
funded by Guangdong
Yitao Group Company, Ltd.
with a total investment of
RMB2.5 billion will start
construction at the end of
this year. With the completion of the project Nansha
Economic and Technological Development Zone can
hopefully become the biggest production belt of environmental protection
packing materials in China.
The project is located in
Huangge Chemical Industry
Park of Nansha Economic
and Technological Develop-
ment Zone in Guangzhou. It
occupies an area of 60 ha.
and will be executed in four
phases. The project can produce 10 billion environmentally sound tableware sets
and 80 000 tons of industrial
materials to replace foamed
plastics. The annual output
value will be RMB3.8 billion
and the profit and tax will be
RMB940 million. 48 production lines in the first phase
SIG Combibloc (Suzhou) GroundBreaking Ceremony held
By David Wang
On November 27th SIG Combibloc
Suzhou Packaging Factory held its
ground breaking ceremony in Suzhou,
Jiangsu, China. The total investment for
the factory will be US$90 million and
the first phase investment will be US$36
million. The area of the workshops now
is 20 thousand square meters and total
area of the factory is 75 thousand square
meters which is prepared for expansion
in the future. The factory will be put
into production in the first quarter of
2004 and can produce 3.3 billion boxes
at that time.
Axenic paper box production line of
SIG Combibloc has been increased from
1 in 1987 to 50 in 2001. Now Combibloc
has about 20 customers located respectively in Northeast of China, Inner
Mongolia, some Southern cities, etc.
Peter Herning, CEO of SIG Combibloc
said in the ceremony that China will become the biggest market for axenic pa-
per packages. Following the growing
demand of liquid milk in China the axenic
paper package will meet high demand
too in the future.
TETRA PAK Co., Ltd. is still the biggest axenic paper package producer in
China and holding about 70% market
share. In September, 2002 the company
also with its partner invested RMB570
million in Beijing to set up joint venture
which is planned to begin construction
in 2003 and put into production in 2004.
Now TETRA PAK has 4 joint ventures
in China. Both Combibloc and Tetra Pak
have about 3% sales of global sales in
China now.
Dow Corning China Application Technology
Service Center Starts Functioning
China Application Technology Service Center established by Dow Corning of the
United States started functioning in Shanghai on Nov.
27. The center will strengthen the cooperation between Dow Corning and customers to jointly develop
schemes for the application
and technology of innovative products.
The center is located in the
processing plant in Shanghai
Songjiang Industrial Zone.
The plant produces
organosilicon latex and sealing adhesives supplied to
customers in textile, personal
care and household product,
building, rubber and plastic
sectors.
The center has 6 laboratories, the world’s first-rate
will be completed in October
next year.
The project uses crude paper fiber as raw material. The
products are non-toxic and
degradable. They can be
used extensively in tableware sets and industrial,
daily-use and pharmaceutical interior packing materials replacing disposable
foamed plastics. The market
prospect is extremely bright.
technical equipment and
more than 20 application engineers and technicians. The
main business scope includes building chemicals,
textile chemicals, papermaking chemicals, oilfield
chemicals, personal care
products, automobile maintenance products, power
generation and electronic
products. Besides, Dow
Corning will also use the center to conduct joint research
and development of new
products and formulations in
collaboration with
customers.
Dow Corning pays great
attention to innovation in
science and technology and
puts huge investments in research and development. Expenses used in research and
development account for 6 7% of the sales revenue, far
higher than the average level.
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
7
NEWSDESK
Result of Listed Chemical Fiber
Companies Drops in the First Nine Months
T
he result of listed chemical fiber companies in
China still drops in the first
nine months 2002, compared
with the same period last
year. The 21 listed chemical
fiber companies increased by
11.92% for operating
income; a rise of 18.16% for
operating profit and a drop
of 32.06% for net profit yearon-year. The weighted average income per share is
RMB0.031 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of
the weighted net asset attains 1.23%.
There are 8 listed companies in viscose fiber. In the
first nine months, the operating income in the 8 companies increased by 26.29%; a
rise of 175.25% for the operating profit and a growth of
205.16% for net profit yearon-year. The weighted average income per share is
RMB0.05 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of
the weighted net asset gains
2.16%, which benefits from
the measure of setting limit
to production and price fixing in the viscose fiber in the
first half of this year.
In the first nine months
vinylon companies in the
chemical fiber industry got the
best outstanding achievement.
The weighted average income
per share is RMB0.143 in the
chemical fiber industry and the
yield of the weighted net asset
reaches 4.75%. The price of
vinylon runs smoothly this
Major Finance Index of Listed Chemical Fiber Companies in the first 9 months
Company
Viscose fiber
Jilin Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.
Dandong Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.
Hubei Golden Ring Co., Ltd.
Jiujiang Chemical Fiber Co., ltd.
Shandong Sea Dragon Co., Ltd.
Hebei Baoding Swan Co., Ltd.
Henan Xinxiang Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.
Nanjing Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.
Total
Vinylon
Shanxi Sanwei Group Co., Ltd.
Anhui Wanwei High & New Material Co., Ltd.
Yunnan Yunwei Co., Ltd.
Total
Polyester fiber
Heilongjiang Longdi Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Worldbest Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Lianhua Fiber Corp.
Anshan Co-operation (Group) Co., Ltd.
Jilin Liaoyuan Deheng Co., Ltd.
Yizheng Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.
Total
Nylon
Guangdong Xinhui Meida Nylon Co., Ltd.
Henan Shenma Industry Co., Ltd.
Total
Other
Sinotex Investment & Development Co., Ltd.
Wuxi Taiji Industry Co., Ltd.
Total in chemical fiber industry
Source: CCR
8
Growth rate of Growth rate of Growth rate of
operating income operating profit
net profit
(%)
(%)
(%)
Income per
share
(RMB)
-3.30
-18.84
463.61
-5.70
13.81
3.56
1.07
32.97
26.29
859.34
-185.09
66299.47
-4.46
273.51
104
113.27
175.25
13325.49
-20.47
1015.09
65.90
66.67
205.16
0.045
-0.154
0.208
0.015
0.107
0.088
0.093
0.167
0.05
31.44
-
3.41
-
-9.02
-
0.144
0.127
0.177
0.143
18.16
17.89
-37.80
-23.83
81.02
-1.65
3.63
-6.09
-29.81
-275.65
-72.42
150.41
-7.66
49.60
-35.29
-48.95
33.85
-47.36
-78.69
0.087
0.075
-0.349
-0.228
0.114
0.018
0.009
15.85
20.66
18.41
66.49
15.54
39.73
116.26
-72.05
-9.72
0.133
0.021
1.35
21.73
11.92
-25.33
18.16
-73.56
-32.06
0.011
-0.025
0.031
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
year.
The polyester fiber companies in the chemical fiber industry got the poor results in the
first three quarters. The 6 listed
companies increased by 3.63%
for operating income; a rise of
49.60% for operating profit and
a drop of 78.69% for net profit
year-on-year. The weighted average income per share is only
RMB0.009 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of the
weighted net asset attains 0.
40%.
There are two Nylon
companies in the
Yield of net c h e m i c a l f i b e r
asset i n d u s t r y , o n e i s
(%)
Guangdong Meida
Nylon Co., Ltd. with
1.57
operating profit for the
-13.06
5.40
whole year is expected
0.92
to increase by 50%;
6.52
another is Shenma In2.80
dustry Co., Ltd. with
4.36
5.50
operating profit for the
2.16
whole year will rise
50% year-on-year.
4.49
In general idea, the
4.95
5.03
output of chemical fi4.75
ber in China keeps
rapid growth and the
2.41
prices of most prod2.52
-25.73
ucts rise more than
-31.87
that at the end of last
4.74
year. According to
0.81
the operating profit,
0.40
there is some differ5.47
ence between the
0.35
listed companies. The
0.063
listed viscose fiber
0.84
companies will make
-1.70
up deficits and get the
1.23
surpluses this year.
NEWSDESK
Analysis of Production in Domestic Oil
Refineries in Q4
I
t is reported that the average operating rate of
domestic oil refineries remained at 77%-78% in
October, basically on a par
with the higher level in the
early days of September. In
view of October having 31
days, while September has
30, the crude oil processing
volume in October rose by
a small rate over that in
September. It is 19.6 million
tons in the total amount, an
increase of 3% over that of
September.
According to the production situation in major oil refineries all over China in
October, the crude oil processing volume remained
the same as that in
September, such as
SINOPEC Yanshan Petrochemical Company,
SINOPEC Jinling Petrochemical Company, CNPC
Jinxi Petrochemical
Company, CNPC Jinzhou
Petrochemical Company,
CNPC Daqing Petrochemical Company and Fujian
Petrochemical Company.
Those experiencing a
growth in oil processing
volume are mainly from the
subsidiaries attached to
SINOPEC, such as Gaoqiao
Petrochemical Company,
Changling Petrochemical
Company, Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company,
Shanghai Petrochemical
Company, Wuhan Petrochemical Company,
Guangzhou Petrochemical
Company, and Maoming
Petrochemical Company,
with a growth rate of 2%6%. It is worth mentioning
that Fushun Petrochemical
Company and Dalian Petrochemical Company, under
CNPC, rank equally among
the domestic tens of million
ton oil refineries after the
completion of atmospheric
and vacuum distillation
unit in late October and
November. Thus, the total
capacity of CNPC and its
affiliated units has increased significantly. Influenced by the unit expansion,
however, the two oil refineries’ production declined
sharply in October, decreasing by 14%.
Entering into November,
from the crude oil processing volume planned for the
month and the operating
rate in part of domestic oil
refineries, the majority of oil
refineries remained at the
October level, including
Jinxi Petrochemical
Company, Jinzhou Petrochemical Company,
Ya n s h a n P e t r o c h e m i c a l
Company, SINOPEC
Jiujiang Petrochemical
Company and Daqing Petrochemical Company. While
a minority maintained the
operating rate, they adjusted the oil processing
volume downward slightly
like Maoming Petrochemical
Company, Guangzhou Pet-
rochemical Company,
SINOPEC Tianjin Petrochemical Company,
Changling Petrochemical
Company and Zhenhai Petrochemical Company.
In addition, 3.5 million t/
a heavy oil catalytic units
were set in motion successfully once in Dalian Petrochemical Company, turning
out qualified oil products.
This set of units is the first
stage of the project of the
biggest crude oil processing base, as well as the biggest current domestic
heavy oil catalytic units.
After the completion of the
unit expansion, the crude
oil processing volume in
Dalian Petrochemical Company will increase over that
of October with a growth
margin of near 50% as
estimated.
Projection
Insiders remarked that
from the fact that the crude
oil processing volume in
domestic oil refineries remained stable while the inventory of the oil products
went down considerably
recently, the two domestic
oil giants (SINOPEC and
CNPC) were seen to be maturing in general regulation
and control of operation in
accordance with the market
conditions. Entering into
December this year and
January and February next
year, the demand for oil
products will slow down
and oil products will be
more likely to decrease in
price, owing to the drop of
international oil prices. The
total crude oil processing
volume in the oil refineries
under the two oil giants will
inevitably fall. But the
strictly confined crude oil
processing volume and
meanwhile the brisk seasonal demand for oil products from September November, plus some
exports, will cause oil products resources in the domestic market to fall. Consequently the operating
rate will not drop too
greatly in oil refineries in
December. Furthermore, according to parties in oil refineries concerned, the non
-market factors such as the
completion of the total oil
processing volume planned
for the whole year must be
considered, when changes
in oil processing volume for
December had to be made
in various oil refineries. For
the majority of the oil
refineries, the oil processing volume for the fourth
quarter will remain the same
or increase slightly, due to
the controlled oil processing volume in the third
quarter. As a result, only a
small decrease in oil processing volume may be
brought to in December this
year.
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
9
NEWSDESK
Michelin Expands Market with New
Environmental Protection Technology
M
ichelin, Goodyear and
Bridgestone, the three international tire giants, are competing to
occupy the Chinese tire market.
Michelin is using the strategy of promoting environmental protection
through technical changes in market
competition.
Technology investment
Michelin and Shenyang Government
reached an agreement and established
Michelin Shenyang Tire Company,
Ltd. at the end of 1995. It put in an
investment of US$120 million and constructed 4 joint venture plants in collaboration with Shenyang Tire Factory.
These plants produce mainly sedan
radial tires and truck radial tires. It was
the first joint venture enterprise
Michelin had in China and provided
technical transfer to Shenyang Tire
Factory, established in 1973. In 1996
the Shenyang site put into production.
Michelin established another 3 joint
venture enterprises in Shenyang in
1997. The four joint venture enterprises have now combined into one
company, named Michelin Shenyang
Tire Company, Ltd. The merger was
completed on January 1, 2002.
Michelin is also active in the south
of China. Shanghai Michelin is busy
launching production facilities. In
April 2001 Michelin put in an investment of US$200 million and established
S h a n g h a i M i c h e l i n Wa r r i o r Ti r e
Company, Ltd. with Shanghai Tire &
Rubber Company already deep in debt.
Michelin purchased RMB970 million
worth of assets and took 2 540 employees from Shanghai Tire & Rubber
Company. It acquired a 70% control
of shares, the first time beyond Chi10
nese policy limit. The joint venture enterprise is still producing Warrior
brand sedan radial tires and light truck
radial tires and plans in time to start
producing Michelin brand tires.
Michelin upgraded its China head
office to Michelin (China) Investment
Company, Ltd. at the end of 2001. Almost simultaneously, Goodyear announced a US$120 million investment
expansion plan in China. Bridgestone
purchased a production facility from
a Sino-Japan joint venture trading
company. The facility, located only
1km from Michelin Shenyang Tire
Company, Ltd. has already started
producing Bridgestone brand tires.
The organizational structure and the
market strategy taken by Michelin in
the Chinese market are now clear. Two
joint venture tire enterprises, one in
the north and one in the south, work
together. The founding of Michelin
(China) Investment Company, Ltd.
facilitates expansion into other markets such as heavy-duty truck tires.
Michelin Shenyang plant produces
mainly sedan radial tires and truck radial tires. The new plant in Shanghai
has also started production. It has
introduced the quality control system
Michelin uses worldwide. The quality of raw materials and semi-finished
products is strictly controlled. A new
production line has also been introduced to improve the quality of Warrior brand tires.
Half of major automobile tire enterprises in China have formed joint venture companies. There are more than
40 joint venture or wholly foreignowned tire enterprises in China. Almost all the products in joint venture
enterprises established by Michelin,
Goodyear and Bridgestone are radial
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
tires. These products will probably
occupy around 80% of domestic market shares in the next 5 years.
Research and Development
Michelin spends 5% of its total sales
revenue on research and development.
The funds are used to develop new
technology and new materials, and
promote environmental protection.
Michelin has established 4 research
and development centers in France,
the United States, Japan and China.
The biggest one is in France. At the
time of establishing the joint venture
enterprise in Shanghai in 2000, a tire
research and development center was
also set up to study road conditions
and tire utilization status in China, and
design tires more suitable to local
needs. The research and development
center tries its best to meet the technical requirements of domestic and
foreign-funded tire producers.
Michelin uses innovative technology to upgrade products and in turn
use high-quality products to promote
environmental protection and enhance
market competitiveness. During the
slow period for the global economy
since 2001, Michelin has maintained a
steady growth. It has succeeded in
massive expansion in Asia. It has
achieved outstanding success particularly in China. The success should
be attributed to the strategy of product variety diversification and the
complementation of Michelin and
Warrior brands.
Michelin occupies a 20% share in
the Chinese tire market. It has won the
large share through technology and
quality, and won trust through concern for environmental protection.
NEWSDESK
600 000 T/A Methanol Project in
Hainan Gets Approval
The 600 000 t/a methanol
project in Hainan has recently
got the approval from the
State Council. It has a total investment of RMB1.098 billion.
The project is located in an
industrial development zone
of Hainan Dongfang and oc-
T
cupies an area of 10.3
hectares. The chemical fertilizer unit based on offshore
natural gas is close by in the
north. (See CCR2002, No.
31) The 890 000 million m 3
natural gas consumed in the
project each year will be from
Ningxia: FSR on the Third
Large Chemical Fertilizer
Project Passes Evaluation
he expert team of China International Engineering
Consultation Co. came to
Ningxia and made an evaluation to the ammonia and urea
energy-conservation and
technical renovation project
(the third large chemical fertilizer project) in Ningxia
GeoMaxima Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. during
Nov. 24 - 26.
Ningxia GeoMaxima
Fengyou Chemical Industrial
Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between Hong Kong GeoMaxima
Holding Ltd. and Ningxia
Fengyou Chemical Industrial
Co., Ltd. The two companies
have made joint investment in
constructing the third large
chemical fertilizer project. The
capacity of the first two chemical fertilizer projects in Ningxia
Fengyou Chemical Industrial
Co., Ltd. is 100 000 t/a ammonia and 160 000 t/a urea.
Experts think that the project
conforms to the strategy of
state about the readjustment
to the raw material, product
variety and production scale
of the nitrogenous fertilizer
sector. What is more
important, the project can
speed up the process of establishing a large chemical fertilizer base using natural gas
as feedstock in Ningxia and
promote the implementation of
the west development strategy and the economic development of the western region.
The ceremony for signing
the contract on the acquisition
of Ningxia Fengyou Chemical
Industrial Co., Ltd. by Hong
Kong GeoMaxima Holding Ltd.
with RMB1.37 billion and the
construction of a 400 000 t/a
ammonia and 700 000 t/a urea
project was recently held in
Yi n c h u a n . A f t e r t h e
acquisition, GeoMaxima Holding Ltd. will assume full responsibility for all the assets and liabilities of Ningxia Fengyou
Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
After efficient work for several months, the first lot of
complete equipment for the
project imported from the
United States has been delivered to Yinchuan.
Dongfang 1-1 Gas Field.
Water, electricity, utilities and
auxiliary production facilities
needed in the construction
and production of the project
will be from the nearby chemical fertilizer unit (CCR 2002
No.31 Page 8).
Dongfang 1-1 Gas Field has
proven gas reserves of 99.68
billion m3 and can produce 2.8
billion m3 of natural gas a year.
Besides meeting the demand
in the chemical fertilizer unit,
Yangpu Power Plant and residents in Haikou, great quantities of natural gas still need to
find consumption markets.
Constructing a large methanol
project in Hainan using local
resources can not only find a
new consumption market for
natural gas, but also improve
the economic performance of
the upstream gas field. Part of
methanol can also be supplied
to the nearby chemical fertilizer unit and Fudao chemical
fertilizer unit.
CNOOC Chemical Co., Ltd.
has already signed an agreement with Kingboard Chem of
Hong Kong on the joint construction of the methanol
project. Initial preparations
will be completed in 2002, construction will be launched in
early 2003 and production will
start in February 2005.
The completion of the
project will greatly extend the
production chain of Dongfang
Petrochemical City.
Danyang Guangyang
Aluminum & Silver
Powder Factory
µ Brief Introduction
As a large-scale aluminum paste base in Jiannan region,
Danyang Guangyang Aluminum & Silver Powder Factory
produces various floating, non-floating and glittering aluminum paste. The products have been used to take place of the
imported ones of its kind and are acclaimed by the clients.
Our factory also takes the lead in passing the approval of
ISO9001interantional qualifies authentication system.
We will provide the top-grade products and excellent
service to satisfy all the clients.
Add: Yunhe Town, Danyang City, Jiangsu Province,China
Post Code : 212352
Tel : +86-511-6450186
Fax : +86-511-6458218
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
11
MARKET REPORT
Slow Market Come with the Hard Winter
Trading remains quiet and prices go down for organic materials
Phenol
Phenol markets remain quiet in Asia
in November, with large gap existing
between sellers’ offer (US$800/t) and
buyers’ idea (US$650/t). Domestic
prices also slip down in slack trading
climate. Domestic producers offers at
the range of RMB7 500-7 600/t. The
market prices in East China stay at
the low level of RMB7 350-7 500/t,
the price in Central China is as high
as RMB7 600-7 900/t.
The spot price of pure benzene, as
the main feedstock of phenol, jumps
further in Asian market, with the help
of the spot price rising in North America
and Europe market and high contract
price in the United States in December.
Although we do not get the information about the December ’s offer
from near importers, offers from far
distant are active. According to
available data, counter offers from
domestic buyers are reported at
US$640/t (CFR China) for December
contract. There are less counter offers on goods from the United States,
because dumping investigation is
probing into phenol made in t h a t
country.
Domestic producers keep prices
stable but feel difficult in sale. The
ex-factory price is offered at RMB7
550/t by Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co. Harbin Huayu, after
making overhaul on its unit, only
sells a little at price of RMB7 500/t.
Acetone
Acetone prices in Northeast Asia (NEA)
plunged to US$590-630/t in November,
approximately 3 000 tons shipment was
recently trading within the range. In view
12
of the local prices level in NEA, buyers
do not accept the offer of US$640-650/t.
In the early of December, CFR prices in
China’s port are US$580-600/t while 500
tons shipment are sought at US$610-620/
t (CFR SEA) in Southeast Asia (SEA).
Presently the price of acetone in
domestic market keeps on falling due
to lack of demand. Major producers
decrease the offer sharply to suit for
import prices. The market price in
South China falls to RMB6 300/t,
down of 5% compared to last month.
Demand in North China shows steady
and supports the price at RMB6 100/t.
The lowest trading price of RMB5 800/t
appears in Ningbo of East China.
The price falling is mainly pulled by
the weak of import. Presently Yanshan
Petrochemical offers ex-factory price
at RMB6 000/t, Gaoqiao Petrochemical offers within RMB5 900-6 000/t,
nearly 10% down than last month.
Source from near distant, offering
prices in December look down to
US$580-600/t CFR China. But buyers
take order with great care because domestic prices continue to fall. Most
of importers supply a counter offer
under US$550/t CFR China.
MEG (Mono-ethylene glycol)
Global MEG market prices continue in
slack trend with counter offer under
US$440/t (CFR) by buyers. Far distant
shipment is trading slowly, with a
counter offer of US$450-460/t for December contract.
Buyers in East China show active
in inquiring offer because demand
from downstream picked up, and market recovers after remaining quiet in
the first half of November, pushes
prices to RMB4 800-4 850/t, slight
lower than last month. But the trad-
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
ing prices in North China continue falling to RMB4 800-4 900/t. Maoming Petrochemical decrease its ex-factory
prices by RMB200/t to RMB4 650/t due
to the pressure of high inventory.
Ethylene market remains slack although an 800 000 t/a unit in Singapore
and a 700 000 t/a unit in South Korea
start overhaul. Short supply of feedstock
does not bring any impact on MEG.
A 450 000 t/a MEG unit in Kuwait
plans a two-week overhaul in January
2003.
Downstream polyester producers
give a count offer of US$450/t (CFR
China) for the December contract. PET
chips market prices remain steady
recently, and will support the prices of
MEG in the reminders of 2002.
Methanol
Global market keeps steady with quiet
trading. Buyers and sellers wait and see
before the market trend is clear. Counter
offer on shipment in December are wandering within the range of US$195-198/t
(CFR South Korea), but sellers hope a
higher prices at US$200-215/t.
In domestic market, port market in East
and South China remains steady and
show some indications of rise. Methanol output cut down sharply in North
China due to hard winter, which supports
methanol prices to edge up to around
RMB2 100/t. Prices in South China remain unchanged at the range of RMB2
050-2 100/t.
The low operation rate of global methanol units propelled the prices rise. Downstream products including formaldehyde
and glacial acetic acid picked up, which
directly results in the climbing of methanol prices. Price increase will last during
the reminders of this year due to short
of supply in China.
MARKET REPORT
Plastics Market Sustains Slight Downward
PE
Out of the analysts’ expectation of drastic fall, the LDPE
(low density polyethylene)
price kept stable only with a
little downslide in November.
Both importation shrinkage
resulted from high import
prices and the overhauls of
some domestic producers led
to the temporary balance of
supply and demand. At
present, the price of LDPE for
films fluctuated in range of
RMB6 300 - 6 500/t.
Historically, LDPE price
dropped to the bottom in
December. But, it seems the
stable prices have been accepted by customers in recent days. Because the import tariff rate of PE will be
cut down to 12.9% by 1.3
percent, a large quantity of
PE is likely to be imported
next year, which maybe explains the importation
reduction. However, the eagerness in cutting down inventory of many domestic
producers by the end of this
year probably bring pressures on the LDPE price.
Meanwhile, HDPE market
characterized with different
results depending on variety.
Injection HDPE couldn’t
stop downslide from the start
of November to the end with
a RMB200/t price cut. Filament HDPE performed better
than the injection one. Its
price bounced back swiftly
and kept stable at the end of
November when the price of
filament HDPE reached
RMB6 000 - 6 100/t in Shandong Province, East China,
and RMB5 950 - 6 050/t in
Zhejiang and Jiangsu
provinces, respectively. With
regard to importation, the
price exhibited a slight increase by US$10 - 20/t as a
result of production troubles
in some units in Asia. The
counteroffer was around
US$540 - 550/t (CFR China).
The HDPE price is expected
to stabilize at RMB5 800 - 6
000/t at the end of this year.
PS
Unexpectedly, polystyrene
(PS) market performed in a
pretty strong way with prices
at a high level for several
months. Supported both by
the sudden price hike of styrene monomer (SM) in midNovember and the price lift
of importation, domestic PS
market became very hot in
November. SM experienced a
RMB800 - 1 000/t price rise to
RMB7 500 - 7 800/t.
Particularly, one PS production line in Southeast Asia
encountered production halt.
As a result, the import price
of PS jumped to US$730/t
from US$680/t (CFR, Hong
Kong, China). Consequently,
domestic transparent PS
price went up to RMB7 850 8 200/t in Zhejiang Province
and to RMB7 800 - 8 100/t in
Guangdong Province. Some
analysts believe it possible
to rise in a certain extent, leveling off at RMB8 000/t.
PP
After a short downward slide
at the beginning, domestic
polypropylene (PP) market
basically sustained stable in
November. At the end of
November, its price unexpectedly showed a small increase along with the slight
price hike of propylene and
PP in the global market. And,
the prices of filament PP
ranged at RMB6 600 - 6 700/t
in North China, at RMB6 650
- 6 700/t in East China, and at
RMB6 800 - 6 900/t in South
China, respectively at the end
of November.
Analysts pointed out it
would sustain a continuous
strong trend in December for
the following reasons:
( 1 ) St r o n g p r i c e o f
propylene. Affected by a
couple of crackers accidents
in Asia in November, the international spot supply decreased drastically, leading to
a spot price hike. Its price is
likelihood of over US$500/t at
the end of December.
(2) Import shrinkage. PP
importation will steadily go
down because of short supply and high import price barrier in the global market.
Moreover, the import tariff
rate of PP in 2003 in China will
be remained at 10%, which
benefits to the balance of domestic PP supply and
demand.
Kunshan Tongde
Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
u Kunshan Tongde Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
established in May, 1998, is a share-holding
ompany. Our company mainly conducts the
production and process of spice, and manufacture
of organic chemicals.
Main Products
Citronellal
Geraniol
Geranyl acetate
DL-Panthenol
DL-Panthenol Ethyl Ether
Trans-Ferulic acid
3-Aminopropanol
Contact
Add: 736 Kun Tai Road Kunshan Jiangsu China
P.C: 215316
Tel: +86-512-57790202
Fax: +86-512-57785184
URL: http://www.tongdechem.com
E-mail: djw@tongdechem.com
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
13
MARKET REPORT
Who Will Stop the Export of Phosphorus Ore?
China’s phosphorus fertilizer sector faces dark clouds due to lack of cheap feedstock
R
ecently some reports disclosed that China’s phosphorus fertilizer sector, after
making poor profits in 2001,
now faces a loss of RMB120
million in the first 8 months this
year due to the impact of imports and price increase of
feedstock.
As is known, China ranks the
first in consuming chemical
fertilizer, with its import accounting for 30% of global
imports. Presently potash,
diammonia phosphate and
NPK compound fertilizer are
the leading products for import
into China. Due to the WTO
entry, China has since the beginning of 2002 opened the
gates for chemical fertilizers.
The import quotas for DAP,
urea, NPK compound fertilizer
were all finished for this year.
The slack phosphorus fertilizer sector not only faces the
challenge from import, but also
in merchandising cheap feedstock-phosphorus ore that is
defined as “abundant” in
China. During the first 10
months, China has exported
2.72 million tons of phosphorus ore, a slight fall compared
to the 4.91 million tons for the
whole of 2001. In the same period China produced in total
18.59 million tons of phosphorus ore, the number for the
whole of 2002 is expected to
exceed 2001’s 21 million tons.
The total output of phosphorus fertilizer continues increasing monthly this year. It is also
true, however, that some fertilizer producers have had to
14
stop production because
phosphorus ore is in short
supply, alternatively maintaining production at higher cost.
Their foreign competitors can
get phosphorus ore from
China at a price level less than
that in China’s market. For
instance, in 2001 China exported 4.91 million tons of ore
at an average FOB price of
US$31.95/t, lower than the
prices paid by domestic fertilizer producers.
Other raw materials for phosphorus fertilizers including
ammonia and sulfur (used in
the production of phosphoric
acid), have increased selling
prices since the start of 2002.
Ammonia prices were pushed
from RMB1 200-1 400/t to
RMB1 600-1 800/t. The average FOB price of sulfur was
US$40/t in 2001, increasing to
US$45/t during the first 10
months of 2002. This will increase the cost of phosphoric
acid by RMB35/t.
According to the evaluation
of consultant agents, demand
for ore in China will reach 43
million tons by 2005, while the
domestic ore production capacity can only supply 36 million t/a, of which 26 million t/a
will be supplied by stateowned enterprises with the
remainder coming from smallscale enterprises. A gap of 7
million t/a will be left. Of the 43
million ton demand in 2005, the
phosphorus fertilizer sector
will need 33.5 million tons, yel-
low phosphorus and its derivatives will account for 6 million tons, and feed-grade calcium phosphate will consume
3.5 million tons. China will become short of phosphorus
even though a reserve of 13.1
billion tons exists.
Who is keen on exporting
excellent ores? The answer is
local governments who hope
to propel the local economy
through export. In the past,
much ore with low phosphorus levels has been wasted by
miners. Judging by current
economic standards, only rich
ore can meet the requirements
of users, and poor ore is not
counted as feedstock. By 2015
there will be no rich ore available in China.
Export of phosphorus ore for China
Year
('000 tons)
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002(Jan-Oct)
Crude ore
1093
1515
Ground ore
1057
905
2312
3068
2330
1134
1840
398
Source: CCR
Output of phosphorus ore and fertilizers for China
('000 tons)
Year
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002(Jan-Oct)
Ore
15752
15010
19374
21008
18590
5156
4991
6330
7394
6568
na
na
na
935
2174
2000
2001
2002(Jan-Oct.)
Superphosphates
DAP&MAP
Source: the Statistics Bureau of China
Import of fertilizer involving phosphorus for China
Year
Superphosphates
DAP
MAP
1998
1999
('000 tons)
0
0
0
0
1
5495
5282
3600
3292
4438
85
50
7
15
52
136
142
88
27
32
Compound fertilizer containing N,P,K
2331
2362
1985
2262
2413
Total
8047
7836
5685
5596
6936
Compound fertilizer containing N and P
Source: CCR, Customs General Administration of PRC
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
MARKET REPORT
Chlorinated Paraffin Producers Made to Wait
Reported by Zhang Yongjun
China has more than 100 chlorinated
paraffin producers today with a total capacity of close to 300 000 t/a,
and an actual annual output of
around 120 000 tons. There 8 producers with a capacity of over 10 000
t/a and over 20 producers with a capacity of 4 000 - 10 000 t/a. The others are medium and small producers
with a capacity of around 1 000 t/a.
From the second half of last year to
the first half of this year the chlorinated paraffin market in China was
weak, and the price was on the low
side. The short-term price recovery
in March and April this year failed
to change the overall poor economic
performance in most producers.
1
Overall market downturn
Of the more than 40 member enterprises of the Chlorinated
Paraffin Committee, some
have an operating rate of less than
50%. 10 producers have produced
nothing in 2002 and the output and
the sales amount of the other 30
producers account for around 70%
of the total.
It can be seen from the table that
the output and sales amount of chlorinated paraffin-52 and chlorinated
paraffin-70 are almost the same in
these two years and the increase in
the number of member enterprises
has led to a slight inventory rise.
The output and sales amount of
chlorinated paraffin-42 have fallen.
The price has, however, fluctuated
greatly. The average price of chlorinated paraffin-52, in particular,
was down from RMB4 200 per ton in
the first half of last year to around
RMB3 500 per ton in the first half of
this year, working out as RMB700
per ton less. It is not hard to see
that the overall market trend is not
satisfactory.
2 Market trend factor
(1) Since the WTO accession, foreign chemical products have made
a considerable impact on the domestic market and the competition
in the domestic market has become
fiercer. Some large and medium
chlor-alkali enterprises have poor
economic performance and have
even suffered losses due to the low
price of acids, alkalis, chlorine, PVC
and pesticides. Chlorinated paraffin
as an auxiliary plasticizer and flameretarding agent is of course no
exception.
(2) The supply amount in the
market is much greater than
expected. According to the latest
statistics, the capacity of chlorinated paraffin in China is already
close to 300 000 t/a, much higher
than the 150 000 t/a previously
expected. The incomplete statistics
made in the past and the new production units constructed and expanded in the recent years have created a surplus of chlorinated
paraffin.
(3) The drop in prices of raw materials has brought about a fall in
the price of products. Compared
with 2001, the price of main raw materials such as liquid wax, yellow
wax and liquid chlorine fell dramatically in the first half of this year.
Producers’ production costs are
down, but the market price competition is fiercer. With a lack of effective demand, the price of chlorinated
paraffin has to be maintained at a
low level. Most producers have a
thin profit margin or can only recover the production cost.
3 Future opportunities and
challenges
The chlorinated paraffin market
must improve at some point in the
future. At present the market has
already begun a process of stable
development and slight price
recovery. As is seen from the market trend in July and early August
this year, when the price falls to its
lowest, there will be an improvement
in the market, the output and the
sales amount in some producers will
start to increase and the price will
also rise. From a long-term point of
view, market functioning will be better and the downstream demand will
be higher with the gradual improvement of the market economy in
China. The market prospect of chlorinated paraffin is expected to become rather optimistic.
Comparison of Chlorinated Paraffin Output and
Sales Amount in Member Enterprises
Product
Output
(t)
Sales amount
2001
2002
Increase
2001
Chlorinated paraffin-42
5 027
4 571
-456
4 453
4 377
2002 Increase
-76
Chlorinated paraffin-52
33 703
36 055
2 352
32 832
35 799
2 979
Chlorinated paraffin-70
1 819
2 335
516
1 833
2 237
404
Source: CCR
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
15
MARKET REPORT
Speed up the Reform of Cyanuric Chloride
C
yanuric chloride is an
important fine chemical intermediate used extensively in the production of pesticides, dyestuffs and assistants.
Process
Methods for cyanuric
chloride synthesis include
the hydrocyanic acid process and the sodium cyanide
process. The sodium cyanide process was the first to
arouse general interest in
China. Great improvements
in this process have been
made in the past 20 years.
Domestic cyanuric chloride
producers are still using the
process today.
Cyanuric chloride has
extensive applications in
China.
Pesticides
Cyanuric chloride is
mainly used to produce
cyanuro-series herbicides.
Such herbicides have extensive applications due
to their being highly
effective, selective, covering a broad spectrum, and
producing low toxin levels
and little residue. They are
the varieties with development priority. According
to incomplete statistics,
the output of pesticides in
China was 460 000 tons in
2001 and the output of
herbicides was 116 000
16
tons, accounting for 25%
of the total. The consumption of cyanuric chloride
in herbicides was 17 000
tons and the consumption
in fungicides and triazinyl
insecticides was also
around 2 000 tons.
Fluorescent
whitening agents
Cyanuric chloride is
mainly used to synthesize
ditriazinyl amino
diphenylethylene fluorescent whitening agents.
Such whitening agents
have extensive applications due to their strong
whitening effect, proper
light fastness and great
peroxide bleaching
stability. With higher requirements on the bleaching of fiber, cotton and
bast clothes and fabrics, a
greater number of fluorescent whitening agents will
be used in detergents and
bleaching agents and the
consumption of cyanuric
chloride will increase. The
output of synthetic detergents in China was 3.65
million tons (3.12 million
tons, reported by the Statistics Bureau of China) in
2001, consuming around
4 500 tons of cyanuric
chloride.
Dyestuffs
Cyanuric chloride is a
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
key intermediate in the
synthesis of reactive dyes
and cyanuryl-based direct
dyes. Reactive dyes have
extensive applications
due to their bright color,
complete spectrum, simple
application, low price and
color fastness, and great
developments have been
made in recent years. In
2001 the output of reactive
dyes in China was estimated to be 50 000 tons
(CCR2002 No.13), accounting for 10% of the
total. The proportion is expected to increase further
in the next few years. The
consumption of cyanuric
chloride in reactive dyes
has already reached 3 500
tons. Direct dyes also
have an important position
in the dyestuff sector and
the consumption of cyanuric chloride is around 2
000 tons.
Others
Cyanuric chloride is
also used to produce
cyanuro-hydrazine and
cyanuro-sulfamide in the
pharmaceutical sector,
and antioxidants,
lubricants, additives, textile aids, cellulose
dehydrators, textile moisture reducers and paper
treatment agents in the
chemical assistant sector.
The consumption composition of cyanuric chlo-
ride in China is 62% for
triazinyl pesticides, 14%
for fluorescent whitening
agents, 17% for dyestuffs
and 7% for others. Wi t h
the eastward shift of the
chemical intermediate production from Europe,
China will become an important supply base of
chemical intermediates.
The downstream products
of cyanuric chloride will
also develop constantly. It
is expected that the demand for cyanuric chloride
in China will reach 32 000
tons in 2002 and 50 000
tons in 2005.
Projection
After nearly 20 years of
development, China has
acquired a considerable
scale of cyanuric chloride
production and turned
from a net importer to an
exporter with a definite
share in the international
market. There is already a
cyanuric chloride capacity of 35 000 t/a. With the
expansion and construction of production units,
the capacity of cyanuric
chloride in China will
reach 50 000 t/a in 2005.
Domestic producers,
however, are weakened by
their small production
scale, low single-unit
capacity, and large energy and material
consumption.
SPECIAL REPORT
Ups and Downs in the Furfural Sector
Reported by Sun Changxia
Furfural is also called furfuraldehyde and oil of ants. It is an important chemical raw material
and is mainly produced through
the hydrolysis of raw fiber materials containing pentosan, such
as corn cobs and rice bran. It is
used extensively in the coating,
pharmaceutical, dyestuff and
additive sectors.
The Domestic Market
The output of furfural in China in
1996 was 38 000 - 40 000 tons. The
export amount changed only once
between 1993 and 1994, but it fell
from 38 400 tons in 1990 to 13 700
tons in 1995. The price in the domestic market dropped to RMB2 800 per
ton. The sustained downturn of the
export amount and the market price
had a disastrous impact on domestic
producers and many of them had to
suspend production. Improvements
in the furfural sector started at the
end of 1995. The export amount increased and the market price also
rose from RMB4 000 - 4 500 per ton
to RMB15 000 - 17 000 per ton. The
export amount increased at an average annual rate of 60% from 1996 to
1998 and reached 56 500 tons in 1998.
The unhealthy competition between
domestic producers, however,
caused a drastic reduction of the export amount to 35 400 tons in 1999, a
drop of around 37% from the previous year. The total output of furfural
in China was 110 000 tons in 2000.
No improvements were made in the
competition situation. Although the
export amount reached 46 500 tons
in 2000, the market price was down
by around 15% compared with the
previous year, the lowest since 1995.
In 2001, the total output of furfural
in China was 100 000 tons, the export amount was 24 700 tons and the
average export price was around
US$634 per ton.
Production
China has more than 140 furfural
producers, with a total capacity of
200 000 t/a. There are a great number
of producers but the capacity of
each producer is generally quite low,
at 1 000 - 4 000 t/a. Most producers
use the sulfuric acid catalytic
process, with a few using the hydrochloric acid catalytic process resulting in serious pollution problems.
Producers are largely found in
Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Liaoning,
Shaanxi and Shanxi. Owing to abundant raw materials and cheap labor,
the product’s cost is relatively low
and there is considerable competition in the international market.
Application of
downstream
derivatives
Furfuryl alcohol
Furfuryl alcohol is the most important variety of furfural hydrogenated
product. It is used mainly to produce
furan resins and as sand additive for
the hotshot core box process in the
casting of internal combustion engines for automobiles and tractors,
to improve the quality of casting
pieces and promote the mechanization and automation of the casting
process. Furthermore, it is also used
as solvent for furan resins, varnishes
and pigments, as rocket fuel and in
the synthesis of intermediate
levulinic acid for producing calcium
and fructose for the nutrition sector.
The price of furfuryl alcohol in the
domestic market reached RMB20 000
per ton in 1995 and fell after 1996,
but has generally stayed at around
RMB10 000 per ton. The average export price was around US$840 per ton
in 2001. On Aug. 9 this year the EU
launched an dumping investigation
into the export of furfuryl alcohol from
China, and the export of furfuryl alcohol will be affected as a result.
Fumaric acid and dimethyl fumarate
Furfural can be processed into fumaric acid through potassium chlorate oxidization, and further into dimethyl fumarate through methanol
esterification. Fumaric acid is used
mainly to produce unsaturated polyester resins. Its copolymer with vinyl acetate is an excellent adhesive
and its copolymer with styrene is a
raw material for fiber-reinforced
plastics. Dimethyl fumarate is a new
compound for corrosion inhibition,
mildew prevention and freshness
preservation. Its effect in use is better than benzoic acid, sorbic acid,
dehydrated acetic acid, propionic
acid and their salts.
Furoic acid
Furoic acid is produced from furfural through air oxidization. It is
used mainly in the synthesis of
tetrahydrofuran, furamide, furoates
and their salts. It can be used as
plasticizer and thermosetting resin in
the plastic industry and as corrosion
inhibitor in the food industry.
Furthermore, furoic acid can also be
used as additive in coatings and an
intermediate of pharmaceuticals and
perfumes.
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
17
SPECIAL REPORT
Furan
Furan is produced from furfural
through decarbonylation. It is used
mainly in organic synthesis and is the
main raw material for the production
of the drugs furapromide, furacilin,
furadantin and furazolidone. It can also
be used to produce chemicals with a
bright market prospect such as
thiophene, pyrrole, tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrofuran and
tetrahydropyrrole.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is also
called tetrahydrofuryl alcohol. It is
produced from furfural through gaseous-phase hydrogenation in the
presence of catalysts nickel, chromium and copper. It is an important
chemical raw material used in the
synthesis of butanedioic acid,
pentandioic acid, dihydrofuran,
lysine, pyran and pyridine.
ABS Consumption Growth Slows Down
Growth was only 3.49% in 2001 and the import amount in the first quarter of this
year was 1.24 million tons, a rise of 13.5% over the same period last year.
The introduction of several
new ABS producers in 1998
greatly expanded China’s
ABS capacity. There are
currently 7 ABS producers,
which had a total capacity
of 410 000 t/a in 2000.
Furthermore, there are also
several ABS blending
plants with a total capacity
of around 100 000 t/a. Several of these undertake the
blending of ABS and AS
purchased from outside
sources, so they are not
synthetic resin producers
and therefore not included
in the production capacity.
After the completion
of the 125 000 t/a unit in
Zhenjiang Chimei and
the 500 000 t/a renovation unit in Jilin Petrochemical Company, Ltd.
at the end of 2001, the
capacity of ABS in China
reached 685 000 t/a.
The ABS market volume
in China has been expanding very fast in the recent
10 years. The ABS market
was at the initial stage of
rapid development before
18
1995 and the expansion rate
fluctuated greatly. The market consumption increased
from 133 000 tons in 1991
to 452 000 tons in 1992, a
increase of 3.4 times. It continued to show a stable rise
of 14.7% in 1993. Another
high consumption increase
of 40.2% appeared in 1994.
The ABS market in China
entered a stage of steady
growth from 1995. Excluding the year of 1997 when
the increase was only 2.6%
as a result of the financial
crisis in Southeast Asia,
the average annual growth
rate was maintained at
around 15% in all other
years. The economic situation started to improve in
1999 and the export of related products increased.
The ABS market volume
also increased from 1.14
million tons in 1998 to 1.483
million tons in 1999, a rise
of 21.9%. The total ABS resources in China reached 1.
826 million tons in 2001, the
import amount was less
than the import amount in
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
2000 and the domestic
self-sufficiency rate was
30.09%. Today China has
become the biggest international ABS consumer. The
apparent consumption of
ABS was 1.8231 million
tons in 2001, a rise of 3.49%
over the previous year, and
the growth rate was much
lower than previously. It is
expected that the growth
rate will be around 15% in
2002.
The consumption of ABS
in China is concentrated
largely in the electronic/
electric sector. The output
of electronic and electric
devices is closely related to
the export situation and the
market volume of ABS in
China is therefore also
heavily subject to the export situation.
The consumption growth
of ABS comes mainly from
the increase in demand for
various electronic and electric devices in the domestic market. In addition, the
development of the automobile industry has also
promoted the consumption
growth of ABS in the communication and transportation sector. It is expected
that the ABS market volume
will reach around 2.312 million tons in 2005 with an
average annual growth rate
of around 5.6% from 2000 to
Table 1 Capacity of ABS Producers in China in 2001 ('000 t/a)
CNPC Daqing Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
CNPC Jilin Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
CNPC Lanzhou Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
50
150
50
Z h e n j i an g C h i m e i Co.
125
N i n g b o Yo n g x i n g L G Co.
120
Zhenjiang Grand Pacific
C h a n g z h o u P l a s t i c s Group
P a n j i n E t h y l e n e I n d u s t r y Corporation
To t a l
Source: CNCIC ChemData, CCR
40
100
50
685
SPECIAL REPORT
(‘000 tons)
Output
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Annual consumption growth rate of ABS in China during 2000-2005
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
Output
Consumption
1990
13 500
119 400
1995
40 400
836 700
1996
27 900
972 500
1997
16 200
986 700
1998
98 000
1 140 000
1999
170 000
1 483 000
2000
299 000
1 761 000
2001
400 000*
1 823 100
* The output based on the survey made by CCR is 435 000 tons.
s
se
ct
or
r
s
vi
ce
de
try
ti
nd
us
e
de
or
ec
R
ec
er
O
Li
gh
el
A
include television sets,
refrigerators, electric fans,
telephone sets, computers
and washing machines.
ABS is used to make shells,
control panels and decoration parts for these
products. The consumption in this field was 1.15
million tons in 1999, accounting for 77.3% of the
national total. With the development of the IT industry in the last two years, the
output of micro computers
reached 8.6 million units in
2000; more than twice over
the previous year, and the
tri
c
D
av
V
D
w
ro
i r-
M
ic
r
er
an
le
C
t
ne
se
iti
o
TV
co
nd
hi
ne
n
as
hi
R
ng
ef
m
ri g
ac
er
at
Fa
t
or
r
se
te
le
p
ho
ne
cl
e
pu
Te
C
om
cy
or
ot
om
ob
ile
0
-2
th
Year
(%)
S o urce : C NC IC C hem D ata
W
In the electronic/electric
sector, final products utilizing ABS in their production
Import
1600
Electronic/electric sector
Table 2 Output and Consumption of ABS
in China over the Years
('000 t)
Source: CNCIC ChemData, CCR
Source: ChemData, CCR
ut
The majority of ABS consumption in China is concentrated on electronic and
electric components, and
the consumption in this
field accounts for around
77% of the total. Major applications include
refrigerators, electric fans,
household washing
machines, television sets,
radios, recorders, telephone sets, office equipment and other household
electric appliances.
Besides, light industry
products such as toys also
consume a significant
amount of ABS. The communication and transportation sector is a highly promising sector for the consumption of ABS, but there
are also many restrictions
in this field.
The consumption of ABS
in China is expected to
change considerably in the
next few years. In the electronic/electric sector, the
Output and import of ABS in China
M
Consumption projection
growth rate in household
electric appliances such as
television sets and washing
machines has already
slowed down and the consumption will have a rapid
growth in computers, airconditioners and copy
machines. In the communication and transportation
sector, the proportion of
ABS used in the automobile
industry is still not big
today. With the development of the automobile industry as a pillar sector,
however, the consumption
of automobiles and motorcycles will increase
dramatically, as will the demand for ABS. Impact-resistant and heat-resistant
varieties used in
automobiles, sheet-grade
varieties used in refrigerators and flame-retardant
varieties used in computers
will become, as a result, new
demand growth points in
future.
A
2005. It is roughly equal to
the growth rate of the electronic/electric sector.
demand for ABS reached
102 000 tons. At the same
time, the constant emergence of new products has
also led to a demand increase in small household
electric appliances.
It is expected that the demand for computers, air
conditioners and copy machines will still increase
rapidly in China and become a new driving force for
the consumption of ABS.
The demand for ABS in refrigerators and telephone
sets will show a stable
growth. The consumption
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
19
SPECIAL REPORT
proportion of ABS in electric fans and recorders will
however be reduced. According to projections, the
output of television sets in
China will be 40 million in
2005, equal to the present
level. The output of air conditioners will be 26 million,
and the output of computers will be 18 million. It is,
therefore, expected that the
demand for ABS in electronic and electric devices
in China will increase at an
average annual rate of 5.3%
and reach 1.76 million tons
in 2005.
With the progress and development of science and
technology, electronic and
electric products are becoming smaller and more
diversified. The application
fields of ABS in small electronic and electric devices
have also expanded
steadily. Major products in-
clude computers, food processing machines, electric
shavers, pagers, mobile
phones, battery chargers
and electric hair blowers.
The consumption of ABS in
small electronic and electric devices was estimated
to be 650 000 tons in 2000,
accounting for 36.9% of the
total and will reach 832 000
tons by 2005 with an average annual rate of 5.1%.
Automobile sector
In the automobile sector
ABS is used largely in instrument panels, wheel
covers, radiator grilles, air
conditioners, luggage
boxes and handles of automobiles and motorcycles.
The total output of automobiles in China was 1.578
million units in 1997, 1.628
million in 1998 and 1.830
million in 1999. The output
of automobiles reached 2.07
million, and the total
amount was more than 16.0
million units in 2000.
Passenger buses have
the highest consumption
proportion of ABS and use
15 kg of ABS per car. Sedans come next and use 10
kg of ABS per car. The consumption of ABS in trucks
is around 2.5 kg per car.
The consumption of ABS in
the automobile sector was
35 000 tons in 1999. According to the development
program of the automobile
sector, the output of automobiles will be 3.2 million
units in 2005 and the total
amount will reach 23.55 - 25.
45 million, including 9.05 9.56 million trucks, 4.50 - 4.
90 million passenger buses
and 8.43 - 9.09 million
sedans. The consumption
of ABS in the automobile
sector is faced with chal-
Table 3 Consumption Structure of ABS in China
Consumption field
Automobile
Motorcycle
Electronic/electric devices
Computer
Telephone set
2000
Consumption Proportion
('000 t)
(%)
40
2.3
Consumption
('000 t)
63
2005
Proportion
(%)
2.7
2005/2000
growth
(%)
9.7
55
3.1
64
2.8
1 363
77.6
1 760
76.1
2.9
5.2
102
5.8
213
9.2
15.9
4.1
55
3.1
67
2.9
Refrigerator
110
6.2
140
6.1
4.9
Electric fan
77
4.4
75
3.2
-0.6
Washing machine
43
2.4
60
2.6
6.7
Television set
180
10.2
200
8.7
2.1
Air-conditioner
37
2.1
52
2.2
7.3
Vacuum cleaner
30
1.7
33
1.4
1.9
8
0.5
12
0.5
7.0
7.0
DVD
Microwave oven
Recorder
Others
Light industry products
Total
5
0.3
7
0.3
66
3.8
69
3.0
1.0
650
36.9
832
36.0
5.1
303
17.2
425
18.4
7.0
1 761
100.0
2 312
100.0
5.6
Source: CNCIC ChemData, CCR
20
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
lenges from PP and PE.
Nevertheless, with the development of the automobile industry, especially
with the increase of the investments from European
and American car producers and the utilization of
energy-saving and smallweight materials in
automobiles, the per-car
consumption of ABS will be
higher. The demand for
ABS in the automobile sector will reach 63 000 tons in
2005, including 24 000 tons
in production and 39 000
tons in maintenance.
The motorcycle production in China has developed rapidly in recent years
and the output already
holds first place in the
world. The output reached
10.6948 million units in
1999, a rise of 16.1% over
the previous year. There
are 11 motorcycle producers with an annual output
of over 200 000 units. The
consumption of ABS in motorcycles was 55 000 tons
in 2000, including 20 000
tons in maintenance. It is
expected that the output of
motorcycles in China will
be 13.0 million units in 2005
and the consumption of
ABS will reach 64 000 tons,
including 36 000 tons in
production and 28 000 tons
in maintenance.
The consumption of ABS
in the light industr y
sector is mainly in cases,
toys and sheets. It is expected that the consumption of ABS in light industry products will reach
425 000 tons in 2005.
PROJECT NEWS
Wenzhou to Put on Stream PU Resin Plant
I
t is reported that Wenzhou
Detai Resins Co., Ltd. will put
on stream a new plant, planning to expand both capacities
of polyurethane (PU) sizing
materials and shoes sole
slurry to 50 000 t/a each. The
first phase is expected to form
30 000 t/a PU engineering siz-
ing materials and 30 000 t/a
shoes sole slurry by the end
of this year.
Due to the sluggish market
of PU sizing materials at
present, some analysts
pointed out seasonal factors
played an important role
currently. Although it greatly
stimulates shoes consumption
in holidays such as Christmas
and Chinese New Year, the demand for shoemaking PU materials is actually shrunk because the shoes to be marketed in the coming holidays
had been almost manufactured.
At present, Detai Resin Co.,
Ltd., Defa Resin Co., Ltd. and
Defu Resin Co., Ltd. account
for about 33% market shares
of PU slurry materials for
shoemaking. However, the
competition becomes more
and more fierce due to the entry of Huafeng Company with
a rapid growth.
A 12 000 T/A Melamine Expansion Completed in Henan
R
ecently, a 12 000 t/a melamine expansion project has been put on stream
by Henan Puyang Zhongyuan Dahua
Group, increasing the overall capacity of
melamine to 30 000 t/a. The company
therefore becomes the largest melamine
production site in China at present. It was
invested with RMB190 million last year
to activate the renovation and expansion
by employing a series of new technology and process.
Currently, it has an available capacity
of 30 000 t/a, increasing annually the production value by RMB100 million and
profit by RMB20 million.
In recent years, many domestic
melamine producers launched expansion
one after another, resulting in oversup-
ply in the market. Even worse, those producers had to further increase production
scale so as to cut cost. Finally, they have
no choice but to crowd in the global
market. In China, Shandong Haihua Co.,
Ltd., Sichuan Chemical Company Limited,
and Zhongyuan Dahua Group, etc. are
main producers with current capacity approaching or over 30 000 t/a.
The Largest Propylene Oxide Unit Built in Jinhua
Jinhua Chemical (Group)
Corporation recently completed series renovations of
an 80 000 t/a propylene oxide
production unit and succeeded in trial operation.
This is currently the largest
one in China. It will help to
decrease the dependence on
importation of propylene oxide when it formally put on
stream by the end of this
year.
It is reported that the capi-
tal spending is approximate
RMB1.526 billion. After its final acceptance, Jinhua
Group will have capacities of
120 000 t/a propylene oxide,
120 000 t/a polyether, 120 000
t/a ionic membrane caustic
LPG Base Put on Stream in Ningbo
Recently, the Ningbo Huadong BP Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) Base, which
was jointly invested by Ningbo
Huadong LPG Co., Ltd. and BP
Company, has been put on stream at
N i n g bo D a x i e D e v e l o p i n g Z o n e .
Meanwhile, the first phase of another
project by Ningbo Yashuo Science and
Technology Co., Ltd. has also been
completed and put into use there.
Invested with US$96.5 million
altogether, the LPG base has an annual
LPG output of 1.0 million tons and a storage capacity of 500 000 cubic meters.
soda and 108 000 t/a chlorine
gas. To speak of propylene
oxide, it has reached global
advanced level in terms of
technology and process. Its
capacity ranks top in China
and keeps ahead in Asia.
With regard to another project,
Yashuo Science and Technology Co.,
Ltd. solely invested in the packing film
materials with the first phase investment
of US$ 45 million. At present, it is carrying out the second phase with another US$25 million to further enhance
the business. It is expected to wholly
complete by the end of next year.
The Largest Heavy Oil Catalytic Unit Completed in Dalian
Dalian Petrochemical Branch
Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of
CNPC Group, has recently
completed renovation of a 3.5
million t/a heavy oil catalytic
22
unit, the largest one in China,
and processed qualified
products. This heavy oil catalytic unit is the first stage of
constructing itself to be the
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
largest crude oil processing
base in China by the end of
the Tenth Five-year Plan
(2001-2005). Its successful
completion will heavily im-
prove the oil processing
structure, enhance the capability of deep-processing, and
increase the economic
benefit.
PROJECT NEWS
Xinjiang Built the Largest MEK Unit in China
I
t was on November 26 that Xinjiang
Dushanzi Tianli High and NewTech Co., Ltd. successfully put a 30 000
t/a methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) production line on stream, which is called the
largest one and most advanced one in
China. Another two projects related, a
30 000 t/a MTBE project and a 50 000
t/a secondary butyl alcohol project,
were completed and started production
at the same time.
These three projects were initiated
successively since October 1, last
year (CCR2001, No. 30). The total
investment of the three projects together is of RMB268 million. Performing as a kind of superior organic
solvent widely used in coatings,
dewaxing lube oils and cleaning
agents, the MEK products of the
company has been completely ordered even before production due to
short supply in domestic market.
Tianli is ambitious of enlarging its
product portfolio and planning to
form capacities as followed by the end
of the Tenth Five-year Plan period
(2001-2005): 20 000 t/a series of high
grade lube oil additives, 40 000 t/a
polypropylene, 160 000 t/a bitumen,
3 000 t/a food grade carbon dioxide,
30 000 t/a MEK, 25 000 t/a non-woven fabrics, 60 000 t/a light waxes,
30 000 t/a cyclohexanone, 30 000 t/a
petroleum resins and 30 000 t/a unsaturated polyesters.
A Wave of Cement Expansion in China
Along with the rapid
growth of capital constructions or infrastructures in
China, particularly driven
by the Western Development Program, the WTO
entry, 2008 Olympic Games
in Beijing, and 2010 World
EXPO in Shanghai, many
domestic concrete producers has invested in expansion or aggressively plan to
enlarge their capacities of
cement or its clinker.
Xinjiang Tianshan
On November 20, Xinjiang
Tianshan Cements Co., Ltd.
put on stream a 2 500 t/d
(ton/day) production line
of cement clinker, the first
phase of expansion, at its
production site in Turpan.
In addition, another 2 500
t/d clinker production line
will be constructed during
the second phase. Once the
second phase to be
completed, the capacity of
cement in the company will
be expanded to over 7.0 million t/a from current 6.0 million t/a.
Sichuan Shuangma
At Gong County, Yibin City,
Sichuan Province, Sichuan
Shuangma Cements Co.,
Ltd. has started construction of a 2 500 t/d production line of cement clinker
recently. It is one of state
key projects during the
Tenth Five-year Plan (20012005) with a total investment about RMB497.4
million. An advanced drying process will be employed and it is expected
to complete construction
within 18 months. After
completion, it will produce
approximatey 1.24 million t/
a cement clinker and 1.32
million t/a cement.
Jilin Dequan
Meanwhile, Jilin Dequan
Cements Co., Ltd. invested
RMB100 million in building
a 1 000 t/d production line
of cement clinker, employing drying process. It will
increase the total capacity
of cement to 2.0 million t/a
in the company.
Furthermore, some enterprises have decided to raise
money or provide a loan to
enhance their cement
business.
Tangshan Jidong
Tangshan Jidong Cements
Co., Ltd. has planned to increase the capital spending
in the construction of a
new 3 000 t/d production
line of cement clinker. The
total investment is estimated to be around
RMB355.5 million. At
present, it had invested
RMB15 million of registered capital.
Shanxi Qinling
Likewise, Shaanxi Qinling
Cements Co., Ltd. has decided to raise money
through rationing shares,
all of that will be invested
in building a 4 000 t/d cement clinker site and its
matched pulverizing facility
at Tongchuan. It plans to
spend RMB642.3 million
and RMB55 million
respectively.
Anhui Hailuo
As far as Anhui Hailuo Cements Co., Ltd., it shows a
much more great ambition,
intending to set up two super large-scale production
lines of cement clinker with
capacity of 10 000 t/d each
through expansion. The total investment is approaching to RMB2.0 billion. The
company will fund with
RMB726.1 million by itself
and the rest of RMB1.27
billion from banks loan. It
is expected to complete
construction within one
and a half year.
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
23
NEW PRODUCTS
Breakthrough of SM Production
Technology by ECUST
D
ehydrogenation process of ethyl benzene
under negative pressure is
regarded as one of the most
advanced technology in producing styrene monomer
(SM) in the world. The wellknown UOP/Lummus technology and Fina/Badger technology are both of this process and applying radial
reactors. In China, East China
University of Science and
Technology (ECUST) has developed independently this
advanced process compris-
ing radial-axial reactor and
gas-gas quick mixing
technology, to break the technological monopoly by foreign companies.
Recently, the 60 000 t/a SM
unit which employs the domestic technology in Lanzhou
Petrochemical Co., Ltd. has
passed experts’ appraisal. As
a matter of fact, 5 domestic
petrochemical producers
have applied the state-of-theart technology. Compared
with traditional radial reactor,
radial-axial reactor with cata-
lysts self-seal structure at the
top of fluid bed shows more
advantages. It simplifies the
structure of radial reactor by
getting rid of mechanical seal
area, improves the efficiency
both of catalyst utilization
and reaction, and makes it
more convenient in catalyst
loading and unloading. As for
gas-gas mixer, it adopts methods of two jet streams and different diameters to meet severe requirements of big temperature difference, high mol
ratio and short dwell time.
A 10 000 T/A Boric
Acid Production Line
in Dashiqiao
With a total investment of
RMB6 million, a 10 000 t/a
boric acid production line,
which is launched by
Liaobin Chemical and Industrial Co., Ltd., was
started construction in
September 2002 at
Shuiyuan Town, Dashiqiao
City, Liaoning Province. It
is planning to be put on
stream in mid-December
this year. Liaoning has the
largest resource of borate
in China.
Green Lubricant Matching for R134a Refrigerant Developed
X
i’an Changtai Chemical Plant recently developed a kind of environment-friendly lubricant, CT-R134a/
IJ, which is a matched product to refrigerant R134a. In fact, fluoro-hydrocarbons such as R134a are commonly
used as refrigerants replacing Freon
in line with the ban of Freon by International Environment Protection
Organization. However, these fluorohydrocarbons are hardly possible to
dissolve in crude mineral oils. Many
foreign producers therefore compete
with each other to develop high performance lubricants to be used in refrigeration compressors. China heavily
depends on importation of these lubricants matched to refrigerant R134a
before.
CT-R134a/IJ lubricant not only performs a pretty good inter-solubility
with refrigerant R134a and a notable
refrigerating effect, but also characterizes with biological degradability. The
production process of “green” lubricant takes leading level in China without emitting any of three wastes (waste
gas, waste water and industrial
residue). Experts all believe that it takes
leading position in mainland and will
benefit to environment and human.
Currently, it has been ready for commercial production with an expected
capacity of 3 000 t/a of “green”
lubricant. The annual production value
is estimated to be RMB120 million.
ZTMCL Develops A Large Scale After-treatment Unit of
Polyester Staple Fiber
Zhengzhou Textile Machinery
Co., Ltd. (ZTMCL) has successfully developed a largescale polyester staple after
treatment machinery with an
annual processing capacity of
30 000 tons. It is expected to
deliver the first set in use by
the end of this year.
ZTMCL had successively
developed 50 t/d, 75t/d and
15 000 t/a production units of
polyester staple fiber under
the cooperation with Toyo
Cotton Spinning Co. of Japan
since 1980s. And the 15 000
t/a unit and equipment of polyester staple fiber became the
core products in the company
over the last 20 years. Since
the 1990s, some 30 000 t/a and
50 000 t/a level units has been
manufactured abroad. Then,
these imported ones have been
briskly sold in domestic market
these two years.
To keep up with global leading level, ZTMCL developed
the LHV905 type machinery, a
30 000 t/a polyester staple fiber after-treatment production
line. It is the first and the most
advanced one in China and
features high processing rate,
continuous production and
full automation with advanced
control systems. Each part has
been strictly passed the monitoring and testing. The whole
process entirely conforms to
ISO9000 quality system from
design to manufacturing
process, to ensure the product quality.
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
25
STATISTICS
Prices of Chemicals in Major Cities in China during Nov.10-20, 2002
Product
LDPE
Grade or type
film 1F7B
film 1F7B
film 1F7B
film 1F7B
film Q200
film Q200
film Q200
injection 112A
injection 112A
injection 112A
HDPE
filament 5000S
filament 5000S
filament 5000S
filament 5000S
film 7000P
film 7000P
film 7000P
film 7000P
injection 7006A
injection 7006A
injection 7006A
injection 7006A
PP
filament 2401
filament 2401
filament 2401
film 2400
film 2400
film 2400
film 2400
injection 1300,1400
injection 1300,1400
injection 1300,1400
PS
trans. 666D
trans. 666D
trans. 666D
trans. 666D
trans. 666D
PVC
susp.
susp.
susp.
susp.
emul.
emul.
emul.
ABS
taiwan 757
taiwan 757
PET chip
fiber
fiber
fiber
fiber
Benzene
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
Toluene
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
Xylene
petroleum
petroleum
petroleum
Source: CNCIC ChemData
26
City
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Beijing
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Guangzhou
Lanzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Lanzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Lanzhou
Beijing
Nanjing
Shenzhen
Beijing
Tianjin
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Beijing
Tianjin
Shanghai
Lanzhou
Tianjin
Guangzhou
Lanzhou
Anqing
Zhuhai
Shenyang
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Beijing
Tianjin
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Lanzhou
Beijing
Dalian
Nanjing
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
RMB/ton
7500
7100
6900
7100
6600
7000
7000
7300
6800
7000
6500
6700
6400
8100
7200
6800
6600
7900
7000
6900
6600
6400
6700
7000
6800
7200
7000
6700
6550
5200
6700
7350
8500
7500
8000
8400
7600
8100
5850
8800
8130
8950
5800
6550
8100
8800
7200
7400
7800
7800
3800
4000
3800
4050
3550
3850
3950
3700
3900
3400
3500
3650
3800
Product
Calcium carbide
Grade or type
Methanol
Ethanol
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Soda ash
Caustic soda
(sol. Ionic mem.
Caustic soda
(liq. ionic mem.
Natural rubber
98%
98%
98%
30%
30%
30%
30%
98.50%
98.50%
98.50%
98%
98%
98%
98%
98%
98%
cis-Polybutadiene rubber
Trichlorphon
DDVP
Ethyl-1605
Methyl-1605
Dimethoate
Fenvalerate
Esfenvalerate
Molinate
Diesel
Gasoline
Urea
DAP
98% crystal
98% crystal
80%
80%
50%
50%
50%
50%
40% emul.
40% emul.
10%
10%
5% emul.
5% emul.
76% emul.
76% emul.
0#
0#
0#
-10#
-10#
93# non-lead
93# non-lead
domestic
domestic
domestic
domestic
domestic
domestic
City
Taiyuan
Lanzhou
Tianjin
Jilin
Guangdong
Beijing
Shanghai
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Taiyuan
Jilin
Nanjing
Shenyang
Nanjing
Shenzhen
Beijing
Shenyang
Nanjing
Guangzhou
Tianjin
Shanghai
Jinan
Beijing
Shanghai
Lanzhou
Jilin
Nanjing
Lanzhou
Tianjin
Shenyang
Guilin
Beijing
Shanghai
Lanzhou
Beijing
Shanghai
Beijing
Nanjing
Shenyang
Xi‘an
Beijing
Nanjing
Beijing
Nanjing
Beijing
Xi‘an
Beijing
Guangdong
Beijing
Qingdao
Beijing
Shanghai
Guangdong
Beijing
Shanghai
Beijing
Shanghai
Beijing
Shanghai
Guangdong
Beijing
Xi‘an
Shanghai
RMB/ton
1950
2200
2150
2070
2250
4200
3550
3900
3300
400
540
380
1800
1380
2100
800
600
510
850
1230
1300
1280
2307
2400
2350
700
520
900
8900
9800
8550
7100
8330
8300
12000
13500
17000
16500
16000
15000
14200
13000
16000
12000
44000
34000
62000
61000
58000
45000
3185
3451
3510
3376
3660
3848
4167
1260
1260
1300
1800
1580
1480
STATISTICS
Import & Export Data in China in October 2002
Code
29151100
29152110
29152190
29152200
29153100
29153300
29153500
29155010
29156000
29157010
29161100
29161200
29161400
29163100
29171110
29171200
29171310
29171400
29173100
29173200
29173300
29173500
29173610
29173700
29181100
29181200
29181400
29181600
29182110
29182210
29211100
29211200
29211920
29212110
29212210
29212290
29214110
29214200
29214300
29214500
29214910
29214920
29215110
29221100
29222100
29224110
29224210
29224991
29231000
29232000
29241900
29242920
29261000
29262000
29291010
29291030
29291090
29299010
29301000
DESCRIPTION
Formic acid
Glacial acetic acid
Acetic acid, other than glacial acetic acid
Sodium acetate
Ethyl acetate
n-Butyl acetate
2-Ethoxyethyl acetate
Propanoic acid
Butyric acids, valeric acids, their salts and esters
Stearic acid
Acrylic acid and its salts
Acrylic ester
Methacrylic ester
Benzoic acid, its salts and esters
Oxalic acid
Adipic acid, its salts and esters
Sebacic acid, its salts and esters
Maleic anhydride
Dibutyl orthophthalate (DBP)
Dioctyl orthophthalate (DOP)
Dinonyl or didecyl orthophthalate
Phthalic anhydride
Terephthalic acid
Dimethyl terephthalate
Lactic acid, its salts and esters
Tartaric acid
Citric acid
Gluconic acid, its salts and esters
Salicylic acid & sodium salicylate
o-Acetyl salicylic acid
Methylamine, di- or trimethylamine and their salts
Diethylamine and its salts
Isopropyl amine
Ethylenediamine
Nylon-66 salt
Hexamethylenediamine and its other salts
Aniline
Aniline derivatives and their salts
Toluidines and their derivatives; salts thereof
1-Naphthylamine, 2-naphthylamine and their derivatives; salts thereof
p-Isopropylaniline
Dimethyl aniline
o-Phenylenediamine
Monoethanolamine and its salts
Aminohydroxy-naphthalenesulphonic acid and their salts
Lysine
Glutamic acid
Procaine
Choline and its salts
Lecithins and other phosphoaminolipids
Acyclic amides and their derivatives; salts thereof
p-Acetaminophenol
Acrylonitrile
1-Cyanoguanidine(dicyandiamide)
Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI)
MDI
Other isocyanates
Sodium cyclamate
Dithiocarbonates(xanthates)
IMPORT
Quantity
(kg)
1140942
34506380
73356
35511
2871768
5025366
142690
1018805
1459386
1244735
5564216
16606477
3624384
644087
3787
9701331
12918
567925
120652
31903754
4808512
17934051
339521592
3092000
302184
44671
59548
167415
2020
14543
5802
1153363
770125
180
449536
213602
186186
194500
32000
196090
70
2323675
22942
1345304
1025010
1325312
193716
11373641
1
25377776
98425
13708640
7009291
1772399
100
(Oct. 2002)
Value
(US$ 1 000)
510
12808
58
43
1677
3371
88
634
1546
683
3859
15337
4410
285
14
8922
88
450
127
22216
3181
10160
183305
1438
614
156
79
223
11
11
18
1668
930
263
531
221
143
62
77
1
1393
41
1927
631
2672
1176
7446
21892
170
21129
9574
2750
1
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
EXPORT (Oct. 2002)
Quantity
Value
(kg)
(US$ 1 000)
969850
85175
8060
246450
2795370
705744
200
101075
28716
185740
1080330
184921
1736430
1576750
77063
1303740
60500
3065
598065
972924
17445
640374
447885
17034315
427379
323020
838400
31513
28425
273192
3180
18000
3408
1706668
611665
1263758
62064
46000
16471
1480762
137001
34100
36250
2568715
97328
1300905
1934050
1108850
273600
31500
225966
1420125
1795170
Dec. 16, 2002
413
55
14
85
1645
431
1
380
30
212
939
250
2146
586
127
2056
38
23
343
628
12
677
771
11538
922
398
1534
18
27
245
22
10
9
2896
1181
2359
245
141
26
3667
188
119
155
1369
49
2030
4002
1155
452
48
620
1487
1268
27
STATISTICS
Code
DESCRIPTION
29302000
29304000
29309010
29321100
29321200
29322100
29329910
29331100
29331920
29333100
29334910
29336100
29336910
29337100
29349920
29350010
29350020
29362100
29362200
29362300
29362500
29362600
29362700
29362800
29381000
29393000
29412000
29414000
29419010
29419020
29419040
31021000
31022100
31025000
31031000
31042010
31042090
31052000
31053000
32041100
32041200
32041300
32041400
32041510
32041600
32041700
32041911
32061110
32064210
32081000
32151100
32151900
34021100
34021200
34021300
34021900
37031010
38011000
28
Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates
Methionine
Cystine
Tetrahydrofuran
2-Furaldehyde (furfuraldehyde)
Coumarin, methylcoumarin and ethylcoumarin
Furan phenol
Phenazone (antipyrin) and its derivatives
Analgin
Pyridine and its salts
Ciprofloxacin
Melamine
Cyanuric chloride
6-Hexanelactam
Furazolidine
Sulphadiazine
Sulfadimidine
Vitamins A and their derivatives, unmixed
Vitamin B1 and its derivatives, unmixed
Vitamin B2 and its derivatives, unmixed
Vitamin B6 and its derivatives, unmixed
Vitamin B12 and its derivatives, unmixed
Vitamin C and its derivatives, unmixed
Vitamin E and its derivatives, unmixed
Rutoside(rutin) and its derivatives, their salts
Caffeine and its salts
Streptomycins and their derivatives; salts thereof
Chloramphenicol and its derivatives; salts thereof
Gentamycin and its derivatives; salts thereof
Kanamycin and its derivatives; salts thereof
Lincomycin and its derivatives; salts thereof
Urea, whether or not in aqueous solution
Ammonium sulphate
Sodium nitrate
Superphosphates
Potassium chloride, with analyticalpurity
Other potassium chloride
Mineral or chemical fertilisers containing the three fertilising elements nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium
Diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate)
Disperse dyes and preparations based thereon
Acid dyes, whether or not premetallised,and preparations based thereon;
mordant dyes and preparations based thereon
Basic dyes and preparations based thereon
Direct dyes and preparations based thereon
Vat indigo
Active dyes and preparations based thereon
Pigments and preparations based thereon
Sulphur black and preparations based thereon
Titanium dioxide
Lithopone
Paints and varnishes (including enamels and lacquers) based on polyesters,
dispersed or dissolved in a nonaqueous medium
Black printing ink
Other printing ink
Anionic organic surface-active agents
Cationic organic surface-active agents
Non-ionic organic surface-active agents
Other organic surface-active agents
Photographic paper and paperboard unexposed in rolls of a width exceeding 610mm
Artificial graphite
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
IMPORT
Quantity
(kg)
(Oct. 2002)
Value
(US$ 1 000)
EXPORT
(Oct. 2002)
Quantity
Value
(kg)
(US$ 1 000)
2579
4746240
47
276952
10
2795
170720
880
442033
652495
26285396
399
41978
5150
15380
571
1490
19413
84756
350000
1508200
5000000
999950
274729032
235986434
4
8163
5
416
4
1208
1
1318
631
30551
1
1139
80
240
13
80
223
719
1
40
66
733
168
32110
39007
145508
25740
205855
3234
1220100
97442
8620
87375
582838
78868
48051
3999930
511400
53465
70550
87100
167102
129045
94625
157075
44892
3536630
1125098
53645
659500
181922
80961
81549
17539
68913
26532165
1408700
951500
56080750
20000
46417025
6383250
233
123
980
5
537
656
90
321
2217
752
845
3455
718
335
472
401
2051
1512
1511
2567
2353
12430
7204
963
2998
3314
1215
2088
671
3142
3289
121
183
6478
10
5424
1057
205902269
365789
760238
38031
1862
4083
53610410
8573056
1800914
9066
24332
6644
102143
810017
5760
1780860
2422796
151182
17282109
23580
4397414
331
3066
8
7113
10009
333
28722
22
10511
1121130
592412
1676612
1070867
6936360
2331300
5876684
8004500
4198457
3867
1589
6605
4040
26267
1938
5792
2356
6586
341607
2425352
2413564
1028472
5484435
784911
738556
318627
3620
13370
3002
1796
8195
1742
2383
1663
30073
672266
1140439
180704
280342
352561
19146
6614333
193
2060
764
271
324
314
118
1138
STATISTICS
Code
38021000
38061010
38081090
38082010
38082090
38083011
38083019
38084000
38112100
38121000
38122000
38123010
38123090
38180011
38180019
38231100
38237000
39011000
39012000
39013000
39021000
39023010
39023090
39031100
39031900
39032000
39033000
39039000
39041000
39042100
39042200
39043000
39045000
39046100
39061000
39069000
39071010
39072000
39073000
39074000
39075000
39076011
39076019
39076090
39079100
39079900
39081010
39081090
39089000
39092000
39093000
39094000
39095000
39100000
39202000
39204900
39211210
39211310
39232100
DESCRIPTION
IMPORT
Quantity
(kg)
Activated carbon
Rosin (colophons)
Insecticides not for retail sale
Fungicides put up for retail sale
Fungicides not for retail sale
Herbicides put up for retail sale
Herbicides not for retail sale
Disinfectants
Additives for lubricating oils containing petroleum oils or oils obtained from
bituminous minerals
Prepared rubber accelerators
Compound plasticisers for rubber or plastics
Rubber antioxidants
Other anti-oxidising preparations and other compounds stabilisers for rubber or plastics
Monocrystalline sillicon chips with a diameter more than 7.5cm but not more than 15.24cm
Monocrystalline sillicon chips with a diameter more than 15.24cm
Stearic acid
Industrial fatty alcohols
Polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94, in primary forms
Polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more,in primary forms
Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers in primary forms
Polypropylene in primary forms
Propylene and ethylene copolymers in primary forms
Other propylene copolymers in primary forms
Polystyrene expansible in primary forms
Other polystyrene in primary forms
Styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers in primary forms
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers in primary forms
Other polymer of styrene, in primary forms
Polyvinyl chloride, not mixed with any other substances, in primary forms
Other polyvinyl chloride non-plasticised, in primary forms
Other polyvinyl chloride plasticised, in primary forms
Vinyl chloride-vinylacetate copolymers, in primary forms
Vinylidene chloride polymers, in primary forms
Polytetrafluoroethylene in primary forms
Polymethyl methacrylate, in primary forms
Other acrylic polymers in primary forms
Polyformaldehyde in primary forms
Other polyethers in primary forms
Epoxide resins in primary forms
Polycarbonates in primary forms
Alkyd resins in primary forms
Polyethylene terephthalate with high adhesive in the form of slices or chips
Other chips for polyethylene glycol terephthalate
Other polyethylene terephthalate in primary forms
Unsaturated polyesters in primary forms
Other polyesters in primary forms
Chips of polyamide-6, -11, -12, -6,6, -6,9, -6,10, or -6,12, in primary forms
Other polyamides-6, -11, -12, -6,6, -6,10, or -6,12 in primary forms
Other polyamides in primary forms
Melamine resins in primary forms
Other amino-resins in primary forms
Phenolic resins in primary forms
Polyurethanes in primary forms
Polysiloxane in primary forms
Plates, sheets, film, foil, tape, strip, of polymers of propylene, non-cellular
Plates, sheets, film, foil, tape and strip, made of PVC, containing plasticizer not
more than 6%
Artificial leather and man-made leather, of polymers of vinyl chloride, cellular
Artificial leather and man-made leather of polyurethanes, cellular
Sacks and bags (including cones) of polymers of ethylene, for conveyance or
packing of goods
(Oct. 2002)
Value
(US$ 1 000)
EXPORT
(Oct. 2002)
Quantity
Value
(kg)
(US$ 1 000)
731667
102893
146846
3567
722607
11416
507335
19665
6766206
1036
160
1914
96
4754
25
2522
43
10661
11117985
27006175
4843506
171866
2708951
122495
4302902
113008
10576
6273
11657
12543
465
8070
398
11187
176
9
1329025
8168238
1127487
7942300
5911
10659
10440989
6988575
174846064
144791014
21877949
170379799
2403043
8484339
16375352
115024686
8894983
130245319
7041527
107053514
30650532
5901376
469499
1292663
355689
8620311
13373679
10821686
18077611
13055259
34983437
3957683
1386294
14304115
7908704
11885449
11017970
9151031
5226177
5754245
1762363
2131322
8019035
7335938
7003360
9579004
5828973
3514
7706
2544
14037
6497
61818
5251
5493
111876
87612
20453
120856
1998
6066
13819
94521
8650
134830
8590
67097
19925
5396
813
3263
3111
10290
21802
14562
23509
28208
65982
4602
1139
9970
4623
10951
20454
14415
9501
9055
2668
3652
9081
12027
19253
12949
7130
488053
88871
129920
506845
4763
102
64800
125320
558700
216405
68198
736860
100
16850
2508289
1573593
42971
1087940
96620
1265391
110443
1606521
2000
427637
2485
823781
911871
4763011
1631160
6292826
160870
860000
5707210
1797980
531980
1755043
429371
247315
342031
424036
232390
2148901
745440
876493
4550433
924367
1100
215
199
817
1626
52
50
36
459
104
55
641
1
54
2139
1557
44
1455
114
823
93
1415
2
2127
4
1139
1381
5791
2777
11023
192
613
3911
1466
485
2289
481
668
602
485
186
1778
1085
2454
5222
953
5243691
2974510
933464
11336
16113
2897
1876761
649323
57652769
3206
2480
56166
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER
Dec. 16, 2002
29
STATISTICS
Code
DESCRIPTION
39241000
39249000
39262000
39264000
39269090
40011000
40012100
40012200
40012900
40021110
40021190
40021911
40022010
40023110
40023910
40024100
40024910
40025910
40026010
40029911
40111000
40112000
40115000
40119900
54022000
54023310
54024110
54024200
Plastic preparations for tableware and kitchenware
Other household articles and toilet articles, of plastics
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories (including gloves) of plastics
Statuettes and other ornamental articles of plastics
Other articles of plastics not elsewhere specified
Natural rubber latex, whether or not prevulcanised
Smoked sheets
Technically specified natural rubber (TSNR)
Natural rubber in other forms
Carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber latex
Styrene-butadiene rubber latex
Styrene-butadiene rubber without any processing in primary forms
Butadiene rubber in primary forms
Isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber in primary forms
Halo-butyl rubber in primary forms
Chloroprene(chlorobutadiene) rubber (CR) latex
Chloroprene(chlorobutadiene) rubber in primary forms
Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber in primary forms
Isoprene rubber in primary forms
Other synthetic rubber in primary forms not elsewhere specified
New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on motorcars
New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on buses or lorries
New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on bicycles
New pneumatic tyres, of rubber, not elsewhere specified
High tenacity yarn of polyesters
Textured yarn of polyesters elastic filament
Single yarn of nylon-6, untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50 turns per meter
Polyesters yarn, partially oriented untwisted or with a twist not exceeding
50 turns permetre
54024300
Other polyesters yarns untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50 turns per metre
54024920
Single yarn of polyurethane filament, untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50
turns per meter
54025200
Polyesters single yarn with a twist exceeding 50 turns per metre
54033310
Cellulose diacetate tow
54074100
Other woven fabrics, containing 85%wt. or more filaments of nylon or other
polyamides, unbleached or bleached
54075100
Other woven fabrics, containing 85%wt. or more of textured polyester filaments,
unbleached or bleached
54075200
Other dyed woven fabrics,containing 85%wt. or more of textured polyester
filaments, unbleached or bleached
54076100
Other woven fabrics, containing 85%wt or more of non-textured polyester
filaments, unbleached or bleached
55013000
Acrylic or modacrylic filament tow
55020010
Cellulose diacetate filament tow
55032000
Polyesters staple fibres,not carded, combed or otherwise processed for spinning
55033000
Acrylic or modacrylic staple fibres , not carded, combed or otherwise processed
for spinning
55041000
Viscose rayon staple fibres, not carded,combed or otherwise processed for spinning
55062000
Polyesters staple
55063000
Acrylic or modacrylic staple fibres carded,combed or otherwise processed for spinning
55081000
Sewing thread of synthetic staple fibres
55093200
Multiple or cabled yarn containing 85% or more by weight of polyacrylonitrile
or modifying polyacrylonitrile stable fibre
55121900
Other woven fabrics, containing 85% or more by weight of polyester staple fibres
59022000
Tyre cord fabric of high tenacity yarn of polyesters
84771010
Moulding injectors
84772010
Plastic pelletizers
84773000
Blow moulding machine
84807100
Injection or compression moulds for rubbers or plastics
84807900
Other moulds for rubber or plastics
Source: Customs General Administration PRC
30
CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002
IMPORT
Quantity
(kg)
(Oct. 2002)
Value
(US$ 1 000)
EXPORT
(Oct. 2002)
Quantity
Value
(kg)
(US$ 1 000)
101948
519757
296863
214226
12529260
6245784
36618034
35827844
7214511
4077749
4257597
4087797
3533433
3854830
1528613
110493
996947
3628011
277205
14477539
39265
25786
251843
17350
937933
6061786
10462536
12200075
391
1023
1702
494
54331
4608
31233
30102
5631
2273
2644
3993
3168
7037
3695
118
1939
3781
348
14451
1019
3180
297
336
1454
10539
16683
10163
29337536
35474320
20679604
67881639
100207771
15162
530
322080
8050
253600
1562705
1855920
17975
35208
471342
941268
1951758
4557798
1393123
641272
956961
223625
-
37623
51344
37849
96199
135440
14
191
2
199
1202
2854
24
70
650
15999
60764
4588
8977
1357
1340
505
-
8430591
2190088
12464
15647
105057
5318
148
74
2232131
126087
15967737
3281
514
5211
294659
4689740
523
1985
21717322
6340
5083754
2388
17384819
15580
115207164
95469
33851603
41608
50107596
27165
11481028
7585735
38762504
17478081
15473
24645
32044
26543
37150
8193135
38070
63
6370
31
2117762
322001
2454114
1427780
2080572
3928
345
4176
3960
4922
60086
246463
9431
9149927
6258386
92
172
23
22021
13782
15424813
734358
1089
20
31
10439
12285
21335
2430
41804
4599
2888
29180
15436
18890131
83704
488
11
90
9279
5874
10511
268
7813
43
1338
9123
2921
10
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