World Archery Communication Style Guide Our values, our look, our style
World Archery Communication Style Guide Our values, our look, our style TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................... 1 ............................................................................................................................... 3 Table of Contents Introduction FITA Office Values .................................................................................................................. 4 ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Logos and Branding ........................................................................................ FITA logo ................................................................................................. World Archery brand ...................................................................... World Archery logo ......................................................................... Archery World Cup logo ............................................................... Combined Usage of Logos .......................................................................... Fonts .......................................................................................................................... 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 Our Look Our Attitude and our Audience ..................................................................................... 7 Spelling and Writing Style ............................................................................................... 8 General Comments ........................................................................................... 8 Preferred Archery Terminology ............................................................... 9 English Rules followed by FITA .............................................................. 13 Special Spelling and Usage ...................................................................... 13 Abbreviations ...................................................................................................... 15 Organisations ..................................................................................... 15 Weight and Measures ................................................................... 15 Plurals of Abbreviations ............................................................. 15 Word “Number” ................................................................................ 16 Currencies ............................................................................................ 16 Apostrophes .......................................................................................................... 16 Vertical Lists ........................................................................................................ 16 Bullets, Numbers, and Letters ................................................ 16 Introductory Colons ....................................................................... 17 Capitalisation ..................................................................................... 17 Punctuation ......................................................................................... 17 Parallelism ........................................................................................... 17 Capitalisation ...................................................................................................... 17 Country Noun, Adjective and Code ........................................................ 18 Dates ....................................................................................................................... 19 Hyphenation ......................................................................................................... 20 Letter Writing ...................................................................................................... 21 Punctuation ......................................................................................... 21 Salutation .............................................................................................. 21 Reference .............................................................................................. 21 Reason for Writing .......................................................................... 21 Request .................................................................................................. 21 Enclosing Documents ................................................................... 22 Closing Remarks .............................................................................. 22 Reference for Future Contact ................................................. 22 Finish ....................................................................................................... 22 End Notations ..................................................................................... 22 World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 1 of 34 Names ...................................................................................................................... 22 Numbers ................................................................................................................. 22 Punctuation .......................................................................................................... 23 Quotation Marks ............................................................................................... 23 Singular v Plural for Teams and Countries .................................... 24 Times of Day ........................................................................................................ 24 Who v Whom ........................................................................................................ 24 References ................................................................................................................................. 25 Appendices ................................................................................................................................ 26 1. FITA Logo .......................................................................................................... 26 2. World Archery Logo .................................................................................. 27 3. Archery World Cup Logo ........................................................................ 28 4. FITA Commissions ...................................................................................... 29 5. Country Names and Codes .................................................................. 30 6. Sample Letter ................................................................................................ 34 World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 2 of 34 INTRODUCTION This Communication Style Guide outlines the preferred use of language and terminology related to the International Archery Federation (FITA). It also provides guidance to preferred spelling and style. This guide is for members of the FITA family and other stakeholders in order to standardise spelling, acronyms and other archery terminology, use of logos and graphics, the “look” of archery. The Version 1.0 of this Style Guide has been published by FITA on June 2009. FITA would like to thank the Hacettepe University Hospitals for printing this publication. FITA Maison du Sport International Avenue de Rhodanie 54 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland Phone: +41 (0)21 614 3050 Email: info@archery.org www.worldarchery.org World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 3 of 34 FITA OFFICE VALUES We set examples For our members For our partners For ourselves Internal values: Openness and Care We will never have working-related secrets. We will always support each other. External values: Respect and Encouragement We will never disrespect any of our members or partners. We will always provide encouragement for all. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 4 of 34 OUR LOOK Logos and Branding The FITA logo represents the governing body for the sport of archery. The FITA logo should be used in colour whenever possible or, if not possible, in line art or greyscale as illustrated. Please refer to Appendix 1 for information on colours. The FITA logo will be used on anything officially approved by FITA, such as: Rulings coming out of the FITA Office Rule book FITA Judges Official listings of FITA as an International Federation, e.g. in the IOC Directory Anything requiring official FITA certification The World Archery brand has been established to promote the sport of archery to a broad target market around the world. Any application and use of the logo requires the permission and approval of FITA. The World Archery logo should be reproduced in full colour. Only when full colour is absolutely not available should one of the monochromatic versions be used. Please refer to the Brand Identity Guidelines and to the Appendix 2 for information on colours and usage of this logo. The World Archery logo embodies the image of the global brand and should be highly visible on a worldwide scale on: World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 5 of 34 Anything that reaches the public concerning archery and archery products World championships and competitions—signage, printed material and promotional items Electronic media Developmental activity and educational materials Other items that are listed in the Brand Identity Guidelines The Archery World Cup logo should be used on specific items related to the Archery World Cup its stages and finals. Please refer to Appendix 3 for information on colours. Combined Usage of Logos World Archery logo and Archery World Cup logo use: World Cup mixed zone World championships mixed zone Banners at World Cup events World Archery logo and FITA logo use: Anything that requires FITA’s stamp of approval concerning competitions, i.e. target faces Annual Report, Officers & Officials Guidebook NOTE: Specific Olympic rules apply to brands and display of brands. Olympic competitions have not been listed above. Other specific logos (Para-Archery, 3D Archery, etc.) have also been designed and are available from FITA. To obtain the logo guidelines for usage, please contact the FITA Office at: info@archery.org Fonts Verdana is the font for common electronic document (e.g. Email, Website, Word, etc.) Helvetica Neue Condensed (or similar) is the preferred font for print publications. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 6 of 34 OUR ATTITUDE AND OUR AUDIENCE Voice: Friendly, Clear, Respectful Appearance: Neat, Simple, Sporty, Friendly Positioning: Modern, Dynamic, Ambitious, Active (“on the move”) Internal audience: people who are part of the organisation and from whom you “buy.” You want them to stay. They are considered “inside” the organisation. External audience: people to whom you are “selling.” You want them to come. They are considered “outside” the organisation. INTERNAL EXTERNAL Suppliers Archers/Athletes Coaches TSE Judges/Officials Archery Clubs Staff of Continental/Member Associations FITA Staff Organising Committees National Anti-Doping Committees FITA Council Sponsors Media Spectators IOC Lausanne City Club Med/Private clubs Presidents of Continental/Member Associations Other sports organisations Bid/Host Cities WADA FITA President Volunteers This is an ever-changing list of possible internal and external audiences. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 7 of 34 SPELLING AND WRITING STYLE General Comments Whether for the web or a publication, the general style of writing should be informative, engaging and adapted to the reader. Writing should be concise. Where possible, keep sentences short and constructions simple, especially for the web. Avoid using long paragraphs. These can be confusing so try to keep the paragraph to one main point. Where bullet points are used within paragraphs, most standard MS Word or other word processing styles are acceptable. The guideline to follow is to be consistent and avoid confusion. For articles destined for the web, try to use interesting titles and opening paragraphs. While it is necessary to include a number of keywords, it is vital to engage the reader’s attention. For promotional publications the same techniques can be used. Be careful, however, to avoid such techniques in more academic publications and for serious topics. Use language that is informative and friendly and avoid formal language unless appropriate for the subject and reader. In business letters and reports, do not use contractions: e.g. “do not” instead of “don’t”, “cannot” instead of “can’t” (NB: although “cannot” is actually a contraction of “can not” it is widely accepted). However, it is all right to use contractions in quotes. The website is a branding and marketing tool for the Federation. The language and content should always reflect a high level of professionalism to portray a positive and credible image. Documents with several pages should be numbered. As the word processing software can do this, there is no need to insert abbreviations at the top or bottom of pages such as Ctd or cont. Use the active voice, not the passive voice, where possible: e.g. ZHANG (CHN) uses modern training equipment, not modern training equipment is used by ZHANG (CHN). Use days of the week rather than terms like today or yesterday or tomorrow, as this can be confusing if items are read at a later date: e.g. Following Thursday’s semifinal win over Croatia, the Lithuanians are confident of a good result in the final on Saturday. Use v, not vs, as short for versus when referring to opposing teams or athletes. There is no full stop (period): e.g. China v Japan. The following sections list preferred terminology used by FITA and the general English rules followed by FITA. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 8 of 34 Preferred Archery Terminology English International Archery Federation (FITA) the FITA President the FITA Member Associations the FITA Council the FITA Council Members the FITA Officers the FITA Communication International Foundation for Archery Development (FIDTA) Français Fédération Internationale de Tir à l’Arc (FITA) le Président de la FITA les Associations Membres de la FITA le Conseil de la FITA les Membres du Conseil de la FITA les Officiels de la FITA Communication FITA Fondation Internationale pour le Développement du Tir à l’Arc (FIDTA) Youth Archery Indoor Archery Field Archery Para-Archery 3D Archery Ski Archery Run Archery Flight Archery Clout Archery Tir à l’Arc de la Jeunesse Tir à l’Arc en Salle Tir à l’Arc en Campagne Tir à l’Arc Handisport Tir à l’Arc 3D Ski Arc Course Arc Tir à l’Arc Longue Portée Tir à l’Arc au Drapeau World Cup Archery World Cup Archery World Cup 2009 Archery World Cup 2009 Stage 1 Archery World Cup 2009 Stage 2 – Porec (CRO), 4-9 May Archery World Cup Final Archery World Cup Final 2009 Archery World Cup Final 2009 – Copenhagen (DEN), 26 September the 2008 World Cup winners the 2008 Archery World Cup winners Coupe du Monde Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 Etape 1 Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 Etape 1 – Porec (CRO), 4-9 May Finale de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc Finale de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 Finale de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 – Copenhague (DEN), 26 septembre les vainqueurs de la Coupe du Monde 2008 les vainqueurs de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2008 the world champion the world championships the World Archery Championships the 2007 World Archery Championships the Ulsan 2009 World Archery Championships le champion du monde les championnats du monde les championnats du monde de tir à l’arc les championnats du monde de tir à l’arc 2007 les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 à Ulsan the World Archery Indoor Championships the World Archery Youth Championships les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc en Salle les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc de la Jeunesse les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc Handisport les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc en Campagne les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 3D les Championnats du Monde de Ski Arc the World Archery Para Championships the World Archery Field Championships the World Archery 3D Championships the World Archery Ski Championships World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 9 of 34 the World Archery Run Championships the World Archery Flight Championships the World Archery Clout Championships les Championnats du Monde de Course Arc les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc Longue Portée les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc au Drapeau the Olympic Games the 2008 Games the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games the Olympic champion les Jeux Olympiques les Jeux de 2008 les Jeux Olympiques de Beijing 2008 le champion olympique Recurve Men Compound Women in recurve men the recurve men’s category the recurve division the recurve men’s world champion 2007 the recurve men’s world ranking the recurve men’s World Cup ranking Recurve Men Individual Recurve Men Team in recurve men’s individual in the recurve men’s team event a recurve (men) archer, a recurve bow (Arc) Classique Hommes (Arc à) Poulies Femmes en (arc) classique hommes la catégorie (arc) classique hommes la division (arc) classique le champion du monde 2007 en (arc) classique hommes le classement mondial en (arc) classique hommes le classement de Coupe du Monde en (arc) classique hommes Individuel (Arc) Classique Hommes Equipes (Arc) Classique Hommes en individuel (arc) classique hommes dans l’épreuve par équipe (arc) classique hommes un archer classique (homme), un arc classique the FITA Round the 70m Round four rounds of 36 arrows, at distances of 90, 70, 50, 30 metres for men and 70, 60, 50, 30 metres for women l’épreuve FITA l’épreuve à 70m Quatre tours de 36 flèches, aux distances de 90, 70, 50, 30 mètres pour les hommes et 70, 60, 50, 30 mètres pour les dames the top 64 archers are ranked and paired the No. 1 seed seeded No. 1 the No. 1 qualifier les 64 meilleurs archers sont classés et placés par paires la tête de série no 1 (classé) tête de série no 1 le numéro/no 1/premier des qualifications the qualifications the eliminations the finals the eliminations matches the finals matches les qualifications les éliminatoires les finales les matchs d’éliminatoires les matchs de finales head-to-head match, match play, duel single-elimination match/competition match, face-à-face, duel, match play match/compétition en élimination directe the 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 (elimination) rounds the quarterfinals the semifinals the finals les 1/32 1/16 et 1/8 de finale les quarts de finale les demi-finales les finales World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 10 of 34 the gold medal match, the gold final, the 1st place match the bronze medal match, the bronze final, the 3rd place match le match/la finale pour l’or/pour la médaille d’or, le match pour le 1e place le match/la finale pour le bronze/la médaille de bronze, le match pour la 3e place In individual finals matches, archers shoot 4x3 arrows. They have 30 seconds to shoot one arrow, alternately. In individual eliminations matches, archers shoot 2x6 arrows. They have two minutes to shoot six arrows, at the same time. In team finals matches, the teams shoot 4x6 arrows in two minutes, alternately. There are three archers per team, who shoot one arrow each in rotation. Dans les matchs de finales individuels, les archers tirent 4x3 flèches. Ils ont 30 secondes par flèche en tir alterné. In team eliminations matches, the teams shoot 4x6 arrows in two minutes, simultaneously. The archers are free to choose the order of shooting. Dans les matchs éliminatoires individuels, les archers tirent 2x6 flèches. Ils ont deux minutes pour tirer six flèches simultanément. Dans les matchs de finales par équipe, les équipes tirent 4x6 flèches en deux minutes, en alternance. Chaque équipe se compose de 3 archers qui tirent chaque flèche à tour de rôle. Dans les matchs éliminatoires par équipe, l’équipe tire 4x6 flèches en deux minutes, simultanément. Les archers sont libres de choisir l’ordre de tir. at a target 70 metres away a 120-point match sur une cible à 70 mètres un match à 120 points In case of a tie, archers shoot one extra arrow each in a sudden death shoot-off until one archer wins. The best score is used as the tie-breaker on the first extra arrow or, if tied again, on the second extra arrow. If a third arrow is necessary, the closest arrow (measurement) to the centre of the target decides the winner. a shoot-off, a shoot-off arrow a tie-break(er) an extra arrow Use of dash: three individual places—a total of 24 each (em dash) Use a hyphen for scores: 120-185 120 points (spell out points) 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th X10 250 km/h 140+ FITA Member Associations En cas d’égalité, les archers tirent une flèche supplémentaire chacun dans un barrage en mort subite jusqu'à ce que l’un deux gagne. Le meilleur score est utilisé pour les départager à la première ou deuxième flèche supplémentaire. A la troisième, la flèche la plus près du centre détermine le vainqueur. Scores: 120-185 120 points 1e, 2e, 3e, 4e X10 250 km/h Plus de 140 Associations Membres FITA At the half-way mark, after the first half Get into the match The wind blew stronger Thankfully for VALEEVA VALEEVA is famous for being 84 seconds into the match/six arrows into the match VALEEVA had a nice run so far but could not maintain it A mi-parcours, à la mi-match, à la mi-temps Entrer dans le match Le vent s’est mis à souffler plus fort Heureusement pour VALEEVA VALEEVA est connue pour Après 84 secondes/après six flèches VALEEVA a fait un beau parcours jusqu’ici, mais n’a pas su tenir le niveau World Archery Communication Style Guide un barrage, un tir/une flèche de barrage un tie-break une flèche supplémentaire Trois places individuelles (un total de 24 chacun) Page 11 of 34 He led by two points/He led 85-83 (not was leading by) VALEEVA came back strongly in the second half of the match She increased her lead to 88-85 and held it at 115112 To recover, to regain one’s self-control, to pull oneself together To get one’s act together GALIAZZO was all around the yellow GALIAZZO advanced (not went on) A 1-point advantage/lead (not advance) Overtake In a similar vain A single point, a slim lead of one point (55-54) Il menait de deux points/Il menait 85-83 VALEEVA est revenue en force dans la deuxième partie du match Elle augmentait son avance à 88-85 et la maintenait jusqu’à 115-112 Se reprendre, se ressaisir Se reprendre en main GALIAZZO tirait tout autour du jaune GALIAZZO avança, progressa, continua Une avance/un avantage d’un point Dépasser/passer (en points) Sur la même ligne Un petit point d’avance, une petite avance d’un point Please refer to Appendix 4 for a list of FITA commissions and entities. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 12 of 34 English Rules followed by FITA Use British English spelling (e.g. medallist, centre, programme, organising, favour, travelling). If you use a non-English word in an item, either for effect of because an athlete has said it this way, put it in italics: e.g. “I hope we will win the final tomorrow, inshallah,” said Khalid EL-BEZZAOUI (MAR). In direct quotations of written text however the original spelling must be used, and names and titles should always be cited in their original form (e.g. US Department of Labor). Verbs ending in –ise, ize or –yse: Where there is a choice between using the suffix –ize or ise the preferred one is –ise (e.g. monopolise, organisation, UK Eng. form). In some verbs -ise is not a suffix but part of the root of the word (e.g. to devise, to surprise). In those cases there is no choice and –ise must be used. Similarly, when ize is part of the root of a verb (e.g. capsize) no other ending can be used. Verbs ending in –yse (analyse) should not be spelt with a z. Use the metric system for measurements, and degrees Celsius (always with a capital C) for temperature. It is acceptable to use the abbreviations m (metres), kg (kilograms) and cm (centimetres). Do not leave a gap between the number and the unit: e.g. 70m. Special Spelling and Usage After should almost invariably be used rather than following. Also, beware of careless use in sentences such as “John SMITH (GBR) won a place in the final after beating Paul BROWN (CAN)”. Say instead “... by beating Paul BROWN (CAN).” ambience, not ambiance amount v number Amount refers to weight, not number. As such, it is correct to say: The team made a high number of errors, NOT a high amount of errors. A way to distinguish between the two words is by considering the following sentence: you have an amount of jam in a number of jars. both: unnecessary in most sentences that contain “and”: both men and women says no more than men and women, takes longer, and can also be ambiguous. continuous v continual Continuous means without intermission; continual means frequently recurring. defence, not defense dependant, not dependent dreamed, not dreamt World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 13 of 34 earned, not earnt ensure v insure v assure Ensure means to make certain: We have to win our final pool game to ensure we make the finals. You insure against risk. Assure means to reinforce: Even though John SMITH did not get a run today, I have assured him he will be a vital part of our relay team in the future. everyday v every day everyday (adjective): an everyday mistake, means daily or ordinary every day (adjective and noun forming an adverbial phrase): it happens every day, means each day farther v further Farther is applied only to distance (literal or figurative): e.g. “nothing could be farther from the truth.” Further means in addition to, another: e.g. “a further point.” judgment, not judgement kilometre, not kilometer km/h, not kph (kilometres per hour) likable, not likeable learned v learnt Learnt is the past tense and past participle of learn. Learned is the adjective, as in scholarly. licence v license Licence is the noun, but beware of licensee (noun) License is the verb medallist, not medalist metre, not meter if distance occurred, not occured programme, not program (both noun and verb) practice is the noun v practise is the verb received v sustained v suffered Receiving an injury is to be discouraged. Prefer to say sustained or suffered; and never say someone received a broken leg; prefer suffered a broken leg or broke a leg. zeros v zeroes He scored two zeros in his match vs He zeroes in on the target (aims at) World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 14 of 34 Abbreviations Abbreviations formed by suppressing the middle of a word usually do not require a full stop at the end: Mr John SMITH Ms Nicky TAYLOR Dr Guy FAWKES St Albans When an abbreviation is formed by omitting the end of a word, the omitted part should be replaced by a full stop: Prof. Henry HIGGINS, Lt.-Col. Peter WEST We recommend the following: The use of i.e. for “id est” (that is) The use of e.g. for “exempli gratia” (for the sake of an example) The use of NB for “nota bene” (note well) Exceptions are made with these abbreviations so that they do not need to be followed by a comma but should be preceded by one unless used within brackets. Organisations Abbreviations formed by combining the initial letters of the words that make up the name of an organization, should be written in capitals without full stops (e.g. IOC, FITA, UN). Write out the full title the first time it appears in the text followed by its abbreviation in brackets. Thereafter, use the abbreviation alone. However, it should not be abbreviated at all if a title appears only once or twice in the whole text. Acronyms, which can be pronounced as a word (UNESCO, FITA), do not use the definite article with their names. Most organisations will have a recognised English title even if their main title is in another language. If the title is widely recognised in English, use it, otherwise use the original name (e.g. Médecins sans frontières). Weights and Measures In a general or narrative text, isolated references to units of weight or measure should not be abbreviated. The nearest hotel is hundreds of kilometres away. You should drink at least two litres of water a day. In reports and tables and in text containing many such references, abbreviations should be used. Plurals of Abbreviations Use a lower case “s” without an apostrophe to indicate plurals of abbreviations (“'s” for possessive), regardless of whether the abbreviations are capitalised (e.g. MAs, NOCs). World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 15 of 34 Word “Number” The word number is abbreviated as follows: e.g. the No. 1 seeded archer. Currencies Do not use signs such as $, € or £ when referring to money. Wherever you can, spell out the name of the currency after the unit: e.g. The venue cost eight million Euros to build. The following monetary units are those most often referred to: CHF = Swiss francs (e.g. CHF 25 or 25 Swiss francs) USD= United States dollars EUR= Euros GBP= British pounds If in doubt, use the standard, three-letter banking codes. (See www.xe.com) Apostrophes Apostrophes indicate possession: e.g. It was Italy’s best performance of the tournament or The Koreans’ poor shooting accuracy cost them dearly. The archer’s bow = one bow belonging to one archer The archers’ bow = one bow belonging to multiple archers The archers’ bows = multiple bows belonging to multiple archers If a person’s name ends with an s, place the apostrophe after the s: e.g. JOHNS’ (AUS) footwork is super. To use its in a possessive sense, do not use an apostrophe: e.g. The National Stadium hosted its best football march of the Olympic Games on Friday. Apostrophes should not be used when referring to plurals or decades. It is correct to say 1990s. Vertical Lists Bullets, Numbers and Letters If you are going to use a list, the first question to ask yourself is what kind of list you should use. Bullets are just big dots, and you use them to make a bulleted list when the order of the items does not matter: e.g. The main archery disciplines are Outdoor Archery Indoor Archery Field Archery 3D Archery Para-Archery When the order is not important, usually list the items alphabetically or in some other way that seems to make sense. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 16 of 34 Numbers are reserved for instances where the items in the list need to follow a specific sequence: e.g. To turn on your laptop 1. 2. 3. Open the cover Push the start button Make tea while the applications load Letters are useful when you are implying that readers need to choose individual items or when items do not need to follow a specific sequence, but you want to refer back to an item later: e.g. GoToMyPC is a neat product: a. b. c. Set up takes just minutes Internet access is all you need to access your computer They are offering a 30-day free trial Introductory Colons If your lead-in statement is a complete sentence, then you can use a colon at the end to introduce your list. If your lead-in statement is a sentence fragment, do not use a colon. A firm rule is never to put a colon after a verb in a statement that leads into a list: e.g. the phrases my favourite things are and everyone should bring are sentence fragments, and should not be followed by a colon. Capitalisation Always capitalise the first letter in the statements that come after the bullets, numbers, or letters. Punctuation If your list items are complete sentences, use normal terminal punctuation: a period, question mark, or exclamation mark. If your list items are single words or sentence fragments, do not use terminal punctuation. Do not put commas or semicolons after the items, and do not put a conjunction such as and before the last item. Parallelism Make sure all of your list items are parallel. That means each list item should be structured the same way. They should all be fragments or they should all be complete sentences. If you start one bullet point with a verb, then start every bullet point with a verb. Capitalisation Capitalisation carries with it a strong sense of emphasis. It can thus make a text appear pompous and break the rhythm of the message for the reader. When there is a choice avoid using capital letters. The first letter of the words of institutions and periodicals are, however, generally all capitalised (except for articles and pronouns): World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 17 of 34 The Federal Bureau of Investigation International Archery Federation The Economist Days of the week are always capitalised (e.g. Monday, Tuesday, etc). The names of months are always capitalised (e.g. January, February, etc). The names of the seasons are not capitalised (e.g. summer, winter, etc). Below are examples of words that should or should not have the first letter capitalised: Capitalised Asian Games Olympic Games World Cup World Archery Championships Mixed Case Asian champion Asian championships Asian record European champion European championships European record Olympic champion Not Capitalised coach gold medallist head coach judge(s) world champion world record world championships Use capitals when using an official title for a type of championships. For example, you can write—the world championships in Ulsan, Korea. However, you have to write—the 2009 World Archery Championships Ulsan. The last name of all athletes, coaches, officials and anyone else you may refer to should be entirely capitalised, such as: Ichiro SUZUKI. The categories, divisions or disciplines should be capitalised in titles but not within a sentence. Country Noun, Adjective and Code In English, country nouns and adjectives are always capitalised. Country nouns and adjectives: Italy’s Marco GALIAZZO, the Italian GALIAZZO, GALIAZZO from Italy, the Italian team, the Italian archers, the Italian, the Italians, etc. Other examples: Argentine, noun and adjective; not Argentinian Sing: A British person, a Briton; Pl: The British; The British archers Sing: An Englishman/Englishwoman; Pl: The English; The English archers Sing: A Frenchman/Frenchwoman; Pl: The French; The French archers Sing: A Pole; Pl: The Poles; The Polish archers Put NOC codes in brackets/parentheses after the first reference to an athlete: e.g. Viktor RUBAN (UKR). The NOC code is unnecessary if you have already noted his/her country: e.g. Ukraine’s Viktor RUBAN. Please refer to Appendix 5 for the list of NOC codes. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 18 of 34 Chinese Taipei: Always use Chinese Taipei; do not use Taiwan or Formosa. You can say Chinese Taipei delegation of athletes, but do not say Taiwanese delegation of athletes. However, you can say athletes from China’s mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Hong Kong: After the handover in 1997, Hong Kong was officially named The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). And in international sports competitions, Hong Kong competes in the name of Hong Kong, China. In reports, use Hong Kong, China on the first reference and simply Hong Kong on subsequent references. Korea: Although in sports reports, South Korea has been universally accepted as the (Republic of) Korea (KOR), use Korea in FITA reports. Always use DPR Korea (PRK) for the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Do not use North Korea. Dates The correct way to write the date out in full is Sunday, 10 August 2008. Dates for an article should stand under the title and be written like this: Lausanne – 10 August 2008. The abbreviated numerical form (e.g. 29.3.94 or 10/12/94) should be avoided since it may confuse people used to the American way of expressing dates. In the second of these examples, the date could be read either as 10 December or 12 October. If lack of space makes it necessary to abbreviate the names of months the following forms should be used: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec. Note that September is abbreviated to four letters and there are no abbreviated forms for May, June or July. References to a time span of two or more years should be written as follows: In 1989 and 1990 From 1989 to 1992 Between 2001 and 2005 Figures for the 1990–1993 period An en dash is used for a range of years, dates and times. Exception 1: If you want to start a sentence with a number, always spell it out. In this case, use hyphens in numbers: e.g. Twenty-three spectators turned up to watch the game. Exception 2: Always write the figure if a unit of measurement follows: e.g. 8cm, 6 per cent (per cent, in British English, is two words). Numbers consisting of four digits or greater should be separated by commas as follows: 1,000; 10,000; 100,000 and 1,000,000. Rankings are written like this: The world’s No. 1 archer has been in top form this week (with a capital N, a full stop after the o, and a space before the number). References to decades are expressed by an “s” immediately following the last digit (e.g. The 1960s). World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 19 of 34 Consecutive years are written with a hyphen, and a season that goes over the northern winter is written with a backslash: The 1994-95 academic year The 2007/08 season Hyphenation Hyphens are normally used to show that two or more words should be treated as a single unit. In some cases a hyphen or lack of one can alter the sentence completely, e.g. The restaurant serves 600-odd customers The restaurant serves 600 odd customers The 20-year-old athlete He is 20 years old Compound adjectives are usually written with a hyphen (e.g. little-known rule, high-level talks). However, in similar constructions where an adjective is itself qualified by an adverb ending in –ly no hyphen is used (e.g. newly ranked competitors, highly qualified staff). Fractions are usually hyphenated. One-tenth of all employees, four-fifths of archers Points of the compass in their combined form are hyphenated (e.g. north-east, north-west, south-east). Eye to eye, no hyphen Below is a table containing the correct spelling of some common terms: One Word lifelong (as adjective) nearby newcomer overreact override overrule playoff* quarterfinal semifinal teammate workout Hyphenated half-time kick-off** little-known (as adjective) non-stop part-time post-mortem runner(s)-up tie-break(er) warm-up*** well-being Multiple Words no one per cent round robin**** vice versa world record holder * As a noun. The verb play off is two words: e.g. they will play off for the bronze medal. ** As a noun. The verb kick off is two words, no hyphen. *** As a noun or a compound modifier: e.g. the coach went down to the warm-up area. The verb warm up is two words: e.g. he warmed up before the match. **** As a noun. The adjective round-robin is hyphenated. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 20 of 34 reWhenever possible, run the prefix on to the word it qualifies: e.g. readmission, remake, rework, etc; but there are two main classes of exceptions: a) b) Where the word after re- begins with an “e”: e.g. re-election, re-emerge, re-examine, re-enter, etc Where there could be serious ambiguity in compounds such as re-creation (recreation), re-cover (recover), re-dress (redress), re-form (reform) Letter Writing The basics of good business letter writing are easy to learn. The following are the phrases that are usually found in any standard business letter. Punctuation Use open punctuation. That means removing any punctuation marks that are not essential for meaning. This not only saves time but looks neater. We recommend, however, using a comma after the greeting and ending (e.g. “Dear Sir,” or “Yours sincerely,”). Mr John Smith 16 Dale Road Chelsea London SW3 United Kingdom Salutation Dear Personnel Director, or Dear Managing Director, Dear Sir, or Dear Madam, (use if you do not know to whom you are writing) Dear Sirs, (plural) No plural for Dear Madam, Dear Dr or Mr or Ms or Mrs or Miss (use if you know who you are writing to and have a formal relationship with them) Use Ms for a woman unless asked to use Mrs or Miss Dear Bill, (use person’s first name if known quite well) Reference With reference to your phone call today… Thank you for your letter of 5 March. Reason for Writing I am writing to enquire about, apologise for, confirm… Request Could you possibly send me…? I would be grateful if you could… World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 21 of 34 Enclosing Documents I am enclosing… Please find enclosed… Enclosed you will find… Closing Remarks Thank you for your help. Please contact us if you have any further questions. Please contact us again if we can help in any way. Reference to Future Contact I look forward to working with you… Finish Yours faithfully (if you do not know the name of the person you are writing to) Yours sincerely (if you know the name of the person you are writing to) Best regards (if the person is a close business contact or friend) End Notations If additional material is enclosed, write: Enclosure or Enclosures: (3) at the bottom of the letter after the signature name. If a copy of the letter is being made for someone else, use the reference cc: for carbon copy and include the names of the other recipients. Please refer to Appendix 6 for a template of letter. Names Always spell names as they appear on the athlete’s accreditation. First name and last name order is based on the athlete’s country. For China, Hong Kong, North Korea, South Korea, Singapore and Chinese Taipei, write names like this: ZHANG Juan Juan on first reference, and ZHANG on subsequent references. ZHANG is always capped. For all other NOCs, write names like this: Viktor RUBAN on first reference and RUBAN on subsequent references. RUBAN is always capped. Numbers When using numbers in a story, write out the numbers from zero to nine, and use the actual number for 10 and above: They have five sons. The house took seven years to build. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 22 of 34 However, they can be written as figures in lists or tables, in percentages, with an abbreviated unit of measurement or if part of a series which includes numbers greater than nine. For example: This was a 5 per cent increase over the previous year. This recipe requires 1kg of flour. We saw 14 dogs, 11 cats and 6 horses. Numbers from 10 on should normally be expressed in figures, though in isolated references or narrative text they may be written out in full. Therefore: The registration fee is 35 Swiss francs per person. We visited 23 countries in 12 weeks. There were sixty or so participants. This is the worst outbreak of cholera in the past hundred years. When writing what place an athlete or team achieved in a competition, the zero to nine rule does not apply. For instance, He ranked 4th or He finished at 2nd place. Scores are written out in full numbers: VALEEVA beat WILLIAMSON 115-113. Do not start a sentence with a figure. Instead either spell out the number if it is short (e.g. Fifty children began school today) or rearrange the phrase (e.g. A total of 50 children) Adverbs such as “about”, “around”, “roughly”, “some” are meant to indicate approximation and should normally be used only with round numbers not with exact figures. We had about eight drinks. The hall seats about ninety people. Punctuation There should be no space between a punctuation mark and the word immediately preceding it. This applies to all punctuation marks, including colons, question marks and exclamation marks. As regards punctuation marks used with numbers, the following should be noted: A comma is used with figures of more than three digits to separate hundreds, thousands and millions (3,000; 12,540, 15,658,900) Decimals under 1.0 require a 0 in front of them (0.5). Quotation Marks Use “double” quotation marks to quote someone. Commas and full stops (periods) always fall within quotation marks: e.g. “We played brilliantly,” said WILLIAMSON. Use single quotation marks if you are referring to a nickname: e.g. SUKAIME goes by the nickname ‘Corporal,’ which dates back to his army days in Singapore. Use single quotation marks for a quote inside a quote: e.g. “My coach told me, ‘You can win gold today, kid.’” World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 23 of 34 Singular v Plural for Teams and Countries All clubs and international teams are plural when referring to the team: e.g. Italy are the World Cup winners. All countries are singular when referring to just the country: e.g. Germany is the most successful nation at the European Athletics Championships with 14 gold medals. Time of Day Use the 24-hour clock: e.g. The game begins at 18:30. Who v Whom These two words are not interchangeable. Who is the pronoun used for references to human beings and to animals with a name. It is grammatically the subject (never the object) of a sentence, clause or phrase: e.g. The woman who rented the room left the window open. Who is there? Whom is used when someone is the object of a verb or preposition: e.g. The woman to whom the room was rented left the window open. Whom do you wish to see? Following are some examples of common but incorrect pronoun usage: He is probably the only player in the world that can win a game by himself. If referring to a person, use who and not that or which: e.g. He is probably the only player in the world who can win a game by himself. It was his first major marathon title since the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, where he won gold in world record time. If you’re referring to an event, the use of when or where depends on the last reference to that event. In the above example, the last reference is 2000, so it is correct to say when, not where: e.g. It was his first major marathon title since the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, when he won gold in world record time. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 24 of 34 REFERENCES The Economist Style Guide published by Profile Books The Olympic News Service Style Guide for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/formatting-vertical-lists.aspx World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 25 of 34 APPENDIX 1 FITA Logo Full Colour 1-Colour Line Art 1-Colour Greyscale Full Colour Information Gold PMS #871 (when metallic ink is available) Gold PMS #112 (when metallic ink is not used) Red PMS #1788 Yellow Process yellow Blue Cyan blue Black 100% 1-Colour Line Art Information Black 100% 1-Colour Greyscale Information 10 & 9 rings (centre) 25% 8 & 7 rings 75% 6 & 5 rings 50% 4 & 3 rings 100% Outside ring 10% World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 26 of 34 APPENDIX 2 World Archery Logo Please also refer to the Brand Identity Guidelines. World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 27 of 34 APPENDIX 3 Archery World Cup Logo World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 28 of 34 APPENDIX 4 FITA Commissions English FITA Congress FITA Council FITA Executive Committee FITA Officers Honorary Officer FITA Office Member Association Continental Association Permanent Committee Ad Hoc Committee Athletes Committee Coaches Committee Constitution & Rules (C&R) Committee Field Archery Committee Judges Committee Medical and Sport Sciences Committee (MSSC) Target Archery Committee Technical Committee Ad Hoc Committee IMAP Committee Para-Archery Committee Youth Development Committee Youth Olympic Games (YOG) Committee Other Commissions Anti-Doping Panel Audit Board Board of Justice Board of Trustees Ethics Commission Archery World Plan Steering Group World Archery Communication Style Guide French Congrès de la FITA Conseil de la FITA Comité Exécutif de la FITA Officiels de la FITA Membre d’Honneur Bureau de la FITA Association Membre Association Continentale Comité Permanent Comité Ad Hoc Comité des Athlètes Comité des Entraîneurs Comité Constitution & Règlements (C&R) Comité du Tir à l’Arc en Campagne Comité des Juges Comité Médical et Sciences du Sport Comité du Tir à l’Arc sur Cibles Comité Technique Comité Ad Hoc Comité IMAP Comité du Tir à l’Arc Handisport Comité de Développement Jeunesse Comité des Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse (JOJ) Autres Commissions Panel Antidopage Commission d’Audit Conseil de Discipline Commission des Sages Commission d’Ethique Groupe de Pilotage du Plan Mondial de Tir à l’Arc Page 29 of 34 APPENDIX 5 Country Names and Codes Code AFG ALG ARG ARM ARU ASA AUS AUT AZE BAN BAR BEL BEN BER BHU BLR BRA BUL CAM CAN CHA CHI CHN CIV COL CRC CRO CUB CYP CZE DEN DMA DOM ECU EGY ESA ESP EST FER English Afghanistan Algeria Argentina Armenia Aruba American Samoa Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Benin Bermuda Bhutan Belarus Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Canada Chad Chile People’s Republic of China Ivory Coast Colombia Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Spain Estonia Faroe Islands World Archery Communication Style Guide French Afghanistan Algérie Argentine Arménie Aruba Samoa américaines Australie Autriche Azerbaïdjan Bangladesh Barbade Belgique Bénin Bermudes Bhoutan Belarus Brésil Bulgarie Cambodge Canada Tchad Chili République populaire de Chine Côte d’Ivoire Colombie Costa Rica Croatie Cuba Chypre République tchèque Danemark Dominique République dominicaine Equateur Egypte El Salvador Espagne Estonie Iles Féroé Page 30 of 34 FIJ FIN FPO FRA GBR GEO GER GRE GUA GUM HAI HKG HON HUN INA IND IRI IRL IRQ ISL ISR ITA JPN KAZ KEN KGZ KIR KOR KSA KUW LAO LAT LBA LIB LIE LTU LUX MAC MAR MAS MDA MEX MGL MKD MLT Fiji Finland Tahiti France Great Britain Georgia Germany Greece Guatemala Guam Haiti Hong Kong, China Honduras Hungary Indonesia India Islamic Republic of Iran Ireland Iraq Iceland Israel Italy Japan Kazakhstan Kenya Kyrgyzstan Kiribati Korea Saudi Arabia Kuwait Lao People’s Democratic Republic Latvia Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Lebanon Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau Morocco Malaysia Republic of Moldova Mexico Mongolia Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Malta World Archery Communication Style Guide Fidji Finlande Tahiti France Grande-Bretagne Géorgie Allemagne Grèce Guatemala Guam Haïti Hong-Kong, Chine Honduras Hongrie Indonésie Inde République islamique d’Iran Irlande Irak Islande Israël Italie Japon Kazakhstan Kenya Kirghizistan Kiribati Corée Arabie saoudite Koweït République démocratique populaire Lao Lettonie Jamahiriya arabe libyenne Liban Liechtenstein Lituanie Luxembourg Macao Maroc Malaisie République de Moldavie Mexique Mongolie Ex-République yougoslave de Macédoine Malte Page 31 of 34 MNE MON MRI MYA NAM NCA NED NEP NFI NGR NOR NZL PAK PAN PAR PER PHI PLW PNG POL POR PRK PUR QAT ROU RSA RUS SAM SIN SLO SMR SOL SOM SRB SRI SUI SUR SVK SWE SYR TGA THA TJK TPE TRI Montenegro Monaco Mauritius Myanmar Namibia Nicaragua Netherlands Nepal Norfolk Islands Nigeria Norway New Zealand Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Palau Papua New Guinea Poland Portugal Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Puerto Rico Qatar Romania South Africa Russian Federation Samoa Singapore Slovenia San Marino Solomon Islands Somalia Serbia Sri Lanka Switzerland Suriname Slovakia Sweden Syrian Arab Republic Tonga Thailand Tajikistan Chinese Taipei Trinidad and Tobago World Archery Communication Style Guide Monténégro Monaco Maurice Birmanie Namibie Nicaragua Pays-Bas Népal Iles Norfolk Nigeria Norvège Nouvelle-Zélande Pakistan Panama Paraguay Pérou Philippines Palaos Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinée Pologne Portugal République populaire démocratique de Corée Porto Rico Qatar Roumanie Afrique du Sud Fédération de Russie Samoa Singapour Slovénie Saint-Marin Iles Salomon Somalie Serbie Sri Lanka Suisse Suriname Slovaquie Suède République arabe syrienne Tonga Thaïlande Tadjikistan Chinese Taipei Trinité-et-Tobago Page 32 of 34 TUR UGA UKR URU USA UZB VAN VEN VIE ZAM ZIM Turkey Uganda Ukraine Uruguay United States of America Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Zambia Zimbabwe World Archery Communication Style Guide Turquie Ouganda Ukraine Uruguay Etats-Unis d’Amérique Ouzbékistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Zambie Zimbabwe Page 33 of 34 APPENDIX 6 Sample Letter Mr John Smith World Media Group 14 Alice Street London SW3 4EF United Kingdom Lausanne, 2 April 2009 Subject (do not write “Subject”) Dear Mr Smith, With reference to your letter dated 23 March, we are very happy to give you permission to use the photographs of the World Archery Federation in your magazine to illustrate your article. Please include the normal copyright notice. I was very pleased to meet you and am glad that you found our meeting productive. I will be interested to read your feature in the next issue of the magazine. Please do not hesitate to contact me if I can be of any further help. Yours sincerely, Tom DIELEN Secretary General Enclosure: cc: Anthony Hollis World Archery Communication Style Guide Page 34 of 34
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