LNG as Marine Fuel Rules, Technology & Training 2nd Conference on Liquefied Natural Gas for Transport Italy and the Mediterranean Area Ignazio MULÈ Innovative Services – Marine Solutions Programs and projects for LNG uses in maritime transport Introduction Rules Technology Training Introduction Regulation Technical Solutions Laws & Authorizations Financial Issues Logistic Scenario Social Perception A holistic approach is needed Introduction Market start up SHIPOWNERS New buildings & retrofits Strategic view Regulations Authorizations Gas supply & pricing Infrastructure develop. Management of logistic Shipbuilders & Makers Governmental Authorities Gas providers Rules SOLAS National Regulations IMO Recommendations IMO IGF Code Except os otherwise permitted by this paragraph, no oil fuel with a flashpoint of less than 60°C shall be used. Rules SOLAS National Regulations IMO Recommendations IMO IGF Code Il combustibile liquido per le caldaie e per gli apparati motori a combustione interna di propulsione ed ausiliari deve avere punti di infiammabilità non inferiore a 60°C eccetto per i casi di cui ai commi 2, 3 e 4 di questo articolo e di cui all’Art. 193. Rules SOLAS National Regulations IMO Recommendations IMO IGF Code NOTING that the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 currently does not have any provisions for use of gas as fuel on ships other than gas carriers. Rules IMO draft IGF Code SOLAS National Regulations IMO Recommendations IMO IGF Code The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for ships that are not covered by the IGC Code, but that are operating with gas or low flashpoint liquids as fuel. The Code provides mandatory criteria for the arrangement and installation of machinery, equipment and systems to minimize the risk to the ship, its crew and the environment. Rules Hazard Identification and Risk Ranking Hazard Control By both technological and organizational protection levels. Protection levels: identified to ensure that an hazard does not become an incident (Swiss Cheese Model). Rules Technological Safety – Safety Management - ERP Technology trend Low temperature of liquid gas freezing - cold leak/jets - brittle cracks Flammability after vaporization hazardous area - electrical equipment Gas tanks: large energy content Technology trend LNG tanks  fixed  longitudinal position  transversal position  vertical position  portable Engines  gas only  dual fuel  high and low pressure Propulsion  Diesel Electric  Diesel Fuel (LNG) automation  alarm systems  control systems  safety systems LNG  storage  delivery  Bunkering New design solutions new training needs Training needs A13 – I13 Lack of skilled seafarers Depending on the number of LNG propelled ships in 2020/2030 the number of seafarers can be (…) a significant fraction of the more than 1,2 millions seafarers demanded in 2020 (…). The likelihood of the issue not to be solved is judged low since it will be demand driven and passage to LNG will occur gradually. The direct impact of not having the necessary workforce trained is high since it directly affects the possibility to safely operate LNG fuelled ships. The possibility to manage the issue is judged high since training programmes can be established in due time before 2020. Aspects related to this issue are:  training of ashore personnel  lack of training infrastructures Training needs DRAFT AMENDMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON STANDARDS OF TRAINING, CERTIFICATION AND WATCHKEEPING FOR SEAFARERS, 1978 – RELATED TO THE INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SAFETY FOR SHIPS USING GASES OR LOW FLASHPOINT FUELS (IGF CODE) CHAPTER V – SPECIAL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONNEL ON CERTAIN TYPES OF SHIP INTERIM GUIDANCE ON TRAINING FOR SEAFARERS ON SHIPS USING GASES OR OTHER LOW FLASHPOINT FUELS 1. The Sub-Committee on Human Element, Training and Watchkeeping in its first session (17 to 21 February 2014), noting that the Sub-Committee on Standards of Training and Watchkeeping, at its forty-fourth session, had agreed that the appropriate instrument to include training and certification provisions for personnel on ships using gases or other low flashpoint fuels was chapter V of the STCW Convention and Code, developed interim guidance on training for seafarers on ships using gases or other low-flashpoint fuels given at annex. 2. The Maritime Safety Committee, at its [ninety-fourth session (17 to 21 November 2014)], approved this interim guidance pending the entry into force of the International Code of Safety for ships using gases or low-flashpoint fuels (IGF Code). Conclusions LNG Industry safety records LNG has been safely delivered across the ocean without major accidents or safety problems either in port or on the high seas. good design solutions appropriate training of crews Will guarantee a Green and Safe future for LNG fuelled ships RINA SERVICES S.p.A. Via Corsica, 12 16128 Genoa - Italy Ph. +39 010 53851 Fax +39 010 5351000 info@rina.org www.rina.org