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OPNFV: Open Source Software to Enable NFV
Ashiq Khan, PhD
DOCOMO R&D
NTT DOCOMO, INC.
TSC Member
Open Platform for NFV
CLOUDOPEN Japan
June 3, 2015
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
1
Contents
 Telco virtualization and NFV
 Why open source
 Open Platform for NFV
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
2
Lesson learned …
Mar 2011
Massive number of call attempts (roughly 60-fold increase) were made. Call restriction control were in place.
Earthquake
14:46 Mar.11
Call Restriction
Call Restriction
6:00, Mar.12 – 1:00, Mar. 13
15:00, Mar. 11 – 2:00, Mar. 12
<Massive Congestion>
The number of call attempts were
increased roughly 60-fold in outgoing
and 40-fold in incoming.
The number of calls
12.6-fold
out
in
out
in
7.9-fold
After the
disaster
Friday, Mar.11
Saturday, Mar.12
A week
ago
source: http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_news/s-news/01kiban02_02000043.html
Deploying resources to process such load is practically impossible
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
3
Enter virtualization
 We need a mean to do resource sharing
Normal
At disaster
More on highly demanded
Internet access (Rich media
Contents) than voice calls
More on voice calls etc. to
confirm safety of relatives
and friends
Voice
Mail
Rich
Media
(Video
etc.)
This is a joint research work supported by "Experimental challenges for dynamic virtualized
networking resource control over an evolved mobile core network - a new approach to reduce
massive traffic congestion after a devastating disaster" of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications, Japan.
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
4
Nation-wide experiment
 Resource sharing among services
Standard Facilities
Virtualized Facilities
Yokosuka Center
Tohoku University
Tohoku
IMS
EPC
Video
Site B
Site A
Server
Mail
Legacy HW
Legacy HW
Server
L2/L3 Networks
IMS
VM
VM
EPC
VM
VM
EPC
VM
VM
IMS
VM
EPC
VM
VM
L2/L3 Networks
EPC
VM
EPC
VM
96 Blade Servers
96 Blade Servers
8 OpenFlow
Switches
8 OpenFlow
Switches
Access
Access
Access
EPC
VM
5 OpenFlow
Switches
Load Generator (Terminals)
Site C
5 OpenFlow
Switches
JGN-X
Load Generator (Terminals)
Site D
Access
4 OpenFlow
Switches
Access
4 OpenFlow
Switches
IMS: IP Multi-media Subsystem, EPC: Evolved Packet Core
This is a joint research work supported by "Experimental challenges for dynamic virtualized networking resource
control over an evolved mobile core network - a new approach to reduce massive traffic congestion after a
devastating disaster“ and “Research and development of network conversion of communication processing
functions in large-scale communication congestion” of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan.
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
5
Result
2012
 Virtualization can enable us to do resource sharing
Estimated peak demand during
the disaster
Voice
Voice
<50-fold increase> （2.25M/h）
E-mail
Packet
<4-fold increase>
5% accepted
112.5K
25% accepted
25% accepted 135K
Rich Media
（2.34M/h）
Call completion rate
25%
562.5K
Reallocation
（0.54M/h）
Call completion rate
5%
25% accepted
25% accepted 585K
135K
6% accepted
This is a joint research work supported by "Experimental
challenges for dynamic virtualized networking resource
control over an evolved mobile core network - a new
approach to reduce massive traffic congestion after a
devastating disaster" of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
and Communications, Japan.
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
Normal
（Total Capacity: 832.5K）
135K
After reallocation
（Total Capacity: 832.5K）
6
Result
2013
 Feasibility of resource sharing over geographically dispersed area
Before sharing
After sharing
Congested region
Voice:
300000
Packet:
840000
Voice:
170000
Packet:
450000
Sendai
400 km
DOCOMO
R&D
Inter-site
Distant site
virtual
network
reallocat
e
This is a joint research work supported by “Research and
development of network conversion of communication
processing functions in large-scale communication congestion”
of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan.
Virtualization can give a good amount of resource flexibility to mobile telecom operators
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
7
Virtualization in mobile network
2015
https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/info/media_center/pr/2015/0302_00.html
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
8
Telco node virtualization
 Its different than everything you see in the clouds now …
External networks
SGW
deployment
PGW
PGW
MME
SGW
eNB
eNB
SGW
Size: 377944 sq. km
Population: 126 mil
Penetration rate: 112%
Each EPC node supports few hundred thousands subscribers
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
9
Challenges
 Standardization won’t be completed before deployment
– Risk of ‘standalone’ specification
 Lack of commercial virtualization-based solution
– gaps exist between standards and what is available
 Don’t have a reference platform
– Can’t compare if an offered platform is good enough
We need a way for fast implementation, start with what is common to everyone.
We have heard that ‘opensource’ is pretty fast ….
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
10
Standard and Opensource
 Open Platform for NFV started in Oct. 2014
requirements
Open Platform for NFV
A Linux Foundation Collaborative Project
Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV)
Industry Specification Group (ISG)
 Reference implementation
 Interoperability tests
 Validating specifications
 Use cases and requirements
 Architecture
 High-level specifications
We quickly know what
is missing, what is right
What we want and the
interoperability requirements
solutions
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
11
Contribution of Opensource
 De-facto implementation
– Opensource projects can provide fast solutions becoming de-facto/standards later
 Validity and compliance
– detects issues in standards through implementation, provide common codebase to
test compliance to the standards
 Reduce development burden
– vendors can build on existing code base rather than creating it from scratch
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
12
Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV)
 Lets make a common platform for NFV using opensource
Os-Ma
OSS/BSS
NFV
Orchestrator
Or-Vnfm
EM 1
EM 2
EM 3
VNF 1
virtualized
telecom
VNF
2 nodes
VNF 3
Ve-Vnfm
Vn-Nf
NFVI
Virtual
Storage
Virtual
Computing
Virtual
Network
OpenDaylight
Nf-Vi
Vl-Ha
Hardware resources
Storage
Network
Hardware
Hardware
Execution reference points
Service, VNF and
Infrastructure
Description
Vi-Vnfm
Hypervisor Layer
Virtualisation
Computing
Hardware
VNF
Manager(s)
Other reference points
Cloud
Virtualised
Management
Infrastructure
System
Manager(s)
(OpenStack)
Or-Vi
Main NFV reference points
See https://www.opnfv.org/developers/technical-project-governance/tsc-policy
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
13
Expected output
 A reference implementation of the platform (NFVI+VIM)
 Filling out the gaps in between standards and what’s available
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
14
OPNFV members
 A Linux Foundation collaborative project
Platinum
Brocade
Cisco
Dell
EMC
Ericsson
HP
Huawei
IBM
Intel
Juniper
NEC
Nokia
Red Hat
Platinum Strategic End
Users
AT&T
China Mobile
DOCOMO
Telecom Italia
Vodafone
ZTE
Silver
Silver (continued)
6WIND
ADVA
Alcatel-Lucent
Altera
ARM
Array Networks
Brain4Net
Broadcom
Canonical
Cavium Networks
Ciena
Citrix
ClearPath Networks
Dialogic
Dorado Software
ENEA Software
H3C
Ixia
Metaswitch
Midokura
Mirantis
Overture Networks
Qosmos
Sandvine
Sonus Networks
Spirent
ConteXtream
Stratus
Coriant
VMWare
Cyan
Wind River
Silver Strategic End Users
CableLabs
CenturyLink
KT
Ooredoo
Orange
SK Telecom
Sprint
Xilinx
as of May 2015
A strong presence of Operators/Service providers. What do they do in an
Opensource community???
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
15
Project categories in OPNFV
 Target is to reach upstream
Upstream communities
Requirements Project
Collaborative Development
Project
………
Testing & Integration Project
Documentation Project
OPNFV accommodates a variety of telecom and IT industry players
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
16
Filling out gaps
case study-1
 DOCTOR: requirement project on fault management
–
Don’t hide everything
Node manager/VNFM
switch over
VM
VM
SBY node
ACT node
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hardware
Hardware
Hardware
X
OpenStack
 Hardware is not completely
decoupled from software
 telco-nodes have five 9s
availability requirement
 Don’t take unilateral recovery action
 inform the manager first
detect
see https://wiki.opnfv.org/doctor
Three blueprints accepted in the last OpenStack summit on Liberty release
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
17
Filling out gaps
case study-2
 Promise: requirement project on resource reservation
– Reservation feature not available in OpenStack
Promise plug-in
OpenStack
see https://wiki.opnfv.org/promise
6 contributions were made to ETSI NFV. Prototyping underway.
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
18
Testing facility
 Pharos: building global federated testbed
Source: Pharos project, OPNFV
11 testbeds (8 operational, 3 planned)
see https://wiki.opnfv.org/pharos
Sufficient amount of resources for large scale testing and verification
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
19
OPNFV Projects
 A diverse range of projects, proof of speedy, open innovation
Policy
enforcement
Build, Integration and Deployment
Application Deployment and Testing
New Requirements & Features
Foreman
FuncTest
Qtip
Fuel
JOID
VSPERF
ONOS
FW
ONOS
integration
Yardstick
Resource
Scheduler
Conductor
Moon
Multisite
Promise
High Availability of
OPNFV Platform
SFC
Escalator
Availability
VNFFG
Parser
Fastpath
Doctor
DPACC
IPv6
MOVIE
Copper
OSCAR
IPv6 support for
OPNFV platform
Prediction
Inspector
Multi-site Open
Stack support
visit https://wiki.opnfv.org
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
20
Summary
 Telco nodes need ‘some’ attention in virtualization.
 reliability, high availability required, but not from the hardware per-say.
 Opensource can play a significant role in NFV-based telco network deployment and the
consequent operation.
 complementing the lack of commercial solutions.
 OPNFV is a fast-growing opensource community driving speedy development of a reference
NFV platform.
 heavy presence of telco players. Seeing success already.
 Early engagement from Operators/service providers in opensource development saves lots
of rework later.
 collect end-customers view ASAP.
 Follow standards. Standard is necessary in communication.
 opensource can accelerate the adoption of telecom standards.
© 2015, NTT DOCOMO. INC. All Rights Reserved.
21
Ashiq Khan <khan@nttdocomo.com>
2015