Bilten 16/2012 Od skupščine do skupščine - ZAS
Maj 2012, leto XV. 16. Intervjuji: n Izobraževanje asfalterskega kadra 16. redni letni zbor članov ZAS Branko Žiberna n Proizvodnja asfaltnih zmesi v letu 2011 n 15 let ZAS Primož Petrič n Predstavitev podjetij n 13. kolokvij o asfaltih in bitumnih Janez Šuštar n Strokovni prispevki n Aktivnosti: maj 2011 - maj 2012 n n OD SKUPŠČINE DO SKUPŠČINE Iz vsebine n Uvod: Spoštovani! ________________________________________3 n 16. skupščina ZAS ________________________________________4 n Strokovni posvet ________________________________________5 n 15 let ZAS - Slavnostna prireditev ____________________________6 n Sodelovanje s sorodnimi združenji (EAPA, Gestrata, DAV, DRC ...) ____8 n 13. kolokvij o asfaltih in bitumnih ___________________________10 n 8. izobraževanje in usposabljanje operativnega asfalterskega kadra _13 n Janez Šuštar, predavatelj in vodja praktičnih usposabljanj ________14 n Pregled delovanja organov ZAS v letu 2011 ____________________15 n Proizvodnja in vgrajevanje asfaltnih zmesi v letu 2011 ___________17 Oblikovanje: Robert Mihelčič Grafična priprava: RM design d.o.o. Tisk: Rotosi d.o.o. Naklada: 750 izvodov n Intervju z Brankom Žiberna, direktorjem GGD __________________18 ISSN 1408-6166 n Intervju s Primožem Petričem, lastnikom in direktorjem Mapri _____21 n Prof. dr. Janez Žmavc – osemdesetletnik ______________________24 n Strokovni prispevki: Glasilo »Od skupščine do skupščine« izdaja ZAS, Združenje asfalterjev Slovenije Kotnikova ul. 32, 1000 Ljubljana Uredila: Slovenko Henigman (S.H.) Branka Čulič (B.Č.) Prevod: Domen Kavčič, Julijana Jamnik Foto: Arhiv ZAS, Robert Mihelčič, Dejan Simšič • Oddaja obnovitvenih asfalterskih del po kriterijih trajnostne gradnje Marko Gardaševič, Matic Poznič, Zvonko Cotič _________________26 • Poročilo o strokovnem obisku in ogledu podjetja HARSCO v Veliki Britaniji, Zvonko Cotič, Borut Willenpart _____________________28 • Rhenish pulverized lignite: modern fuel for asphalt-mixing plants, Jürgen Bauer ___________________________________31 n From assembly to Assembly in English________________________32 n Nekatere objave o ZAS-u __________________________________42 n Program dela za leto 2012/13 ______________________________43 Ilustracija na naslovnici: Anja Pirc 2 od skupščine do Skupščine UVOD Spoštovani! toliko prizadeto kot ostala področja gradbeništva. A upanje in pričakovanja se niso uresničila. S stanjem količine proizvodnje in vgradnje asfaltnih zmesi smo prišli v obdobje pred osamosvojitvijo Slovenije in v letu, ki je za nami, beležimo najnižje vrednosti v zadnjih šestnajstih letih. Smo presenečeni? Navsezadnje niti ne, glede na to, kako država nemo stoji ob propadanju slovenskega gradbeništva. S kazalcem smo se tako zopet postavili nekaj stopenj za razviti svet. Ljudje se po svoji naravi radi primerjamo drug z drugim; to velja na vseh nivojih družbenega življenja. In ker vsi stremimo k boljšemu, se ponavadi primerjamo z boljšimi od sebe. V Sloveniji smo se vedno primerjali z razvitim svetom Zahodne Evrope. Asfalterji se med seboj najbolj pogosto primerjamo po količini proizvedenih in vgrajenih asfaltnih zmesi. V Združenju asfalterjev Slovenije (ZAS) zbiramo podatke o proizvodnji asfaltov in bitumenskih proizvodov v Sloveniji od začetka delovanja društva v letu 1996. Pred časom smo bili zelo veseli podatka, da smo v kazalcu količine dosegli razviti svet, ki beleži približno tono proizvedenih in vgrajenih asfaltnih zmesi na prebivalca letno. Glede na ohranjanje zgrajenega, predvsem prometnih površin, ki so najbolj podvržene propadanju in s tem skrbi za ohranjanje, smo upali, da asfalterstvo z nastopom gospodarske krize ne bo Z intenzivno proizvodnjo asfaltnih zmesi smo se v preteklih letih povsem približali razvitemu svetu oziroma ga dosegli tudi v drugih kazalcih merjenja v asfalterstvu: številu in opremljenosti obratov za proizvodnjo ter v opremi za vgrajevanje, standardih kakovosti, stopnji ravnanja z okoljem idr. Zelo upravičeno se pojavlja vprašanje, ali bomo v sedanjem obdobju »suhih krav« znali te kazalce ohraniti za obdobje intenzivnejšega dela, ki bo zagotovo prišlo. Medtem ko sta opremljenost obratov za proizvodnjo in oprema za vgrajevanje največ odvisni od kupne moči izvajalcev in ju je z intenziviranjem dela možno zagotoviti, se vsi, ki delujemo na tem področju, še kako dobro zavedamo, da je za ohranitev nivoja kakovosti dela in okoljskega delovanja ključna ohranitev znanj in izkušenj obstoječih kadrov, ki so si jih pridobili – in jih je mogoče pridobiti edinole – skozi delovne izkušnje. Vsakršno zmanjšanje kadrovskega potenciala bi pomenilo izgubo znanj in izkušenosti, ki se jih lahko nadomesti zgolj skozi daljše časovno obdobje. Kar nekaj strokovnih kolegov je že doživelo kalvarijo propadov podjetij, v katerih so delovali. Nekateri so si uspeli zagotoviti podobno delovno mesto v drugih sredinah, kar nekaj je takih, ki so si iskali in si še iščejo delo na drugih področjih. Želja in vloga ZAS je, da vsi še naprej negujemo pridobljena znanja asfalterske stroke, jih nadgrajujemo in implementiramo v praksi. Uvodne besede zaključujem z željo, da ne glede, kam nas bo vodila nadaljnja poslovna pot, ostanemo vsi, ki smo v preteklem obdobju skupaj gradili asfaltersko stroko, še naprej povezani znotraj našega Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije. Marijan Prešeren član Upravnega odbora ZAS in član Uprave CGP, d.d. Dear readers! By nature, people like to draw comparisons among each other, which holds true for all levels of public life. Since all of us tend to strive for improvement, we tend to compare ourselves to our betters. In Slovenia, we have always tried to emulate the developed world of Western Europe. Within the asphalt industry such comparisons are most often based on quantities of produced and cast asphalt mixtures. In the Slovenian Asphalt Pavement Association (ZAS), we have been collecting data on production of asphalt and bituminous products in Slovenia ever since the foundation of the Association in 1996. Continues on page 32 od skupščine do Skupščine 3 16. SKUPŠČINA 16. skupščina ZAS • Način izvajanja HI in asfalta na mostu čez Savo v Beogradu. V letu, ko ni največjega dogodka ZAS, to je kolokvija o asfaltih in bitumnih, so bile izvedene vse aktivnosti po programu, zato je bilo delo v letu 2010 s strani predsednika in članov ZAS ocenjeno kot pozitivno. Poročilo o delu tehničnega odbora (TO) v preteklem obdobju je podal vodja g. Janez Prosen. Člani so bili aktivni na področju strokovnih aktivnosti po posameznih delovnih skupinah, ki so trajale daljše časovno obdobje (regulativa, projektiva, operativa in kakovost asfalterskih del). Prav tako so potekale aktivnosti v mednarodnem okolju. Redna skupščina ZAS in strokovni posvet sta potekala 19. maja 2011 v hotelu Bernardin v Portorožu. Prisotnih je bilo 73 udeležencev. Poročilo o delu združenja v obdobju maj 2010–maj 2011 je podal predsednik združenja. Aktivnosti v zadnjem letu so bile vezane na ustaljeni program združenja. Še posebej smo ponosni na izdajo druge knjige o asfalterstvu Asfalt 2, ki smo jo posvetili petnajstletnici delovanja združenja. V času skupščine smo izdali tudi bilten Od skupščine do skupščine, v katerem smo poleg opisa dogajanja v zadnjem letu s statističnimi podatki prikazali prehojeno 15-letno pot združenja. Združenje je v preteklem letu sledilo zadanim ciljem, med ostalimi aktivnostmi pa so tekle tudi organizacije posameznih dogodkov. Maja 2010 smo 4 od skupščine do Skupščine organizirali strokovni posvet z naslovom »Znižanje hrupa v cestnem prometu – prispevek asfaltnih voznih površin«, s katerim lahko industrija asfalta ponudi pomemben prispevek k varstvu okolja. Združenje je sodelovalo pri organizaciji 10. Slovenskega kongresa o cestah in prometu (oktober 2010) in bilo aktivno pri izmenjavi s so rodnimi organizacijami EAPA, Gestrata in drugimi. Izobraževanje asfalterjev je bilo organizirano spomladi 2011. V sklopu dneva asfalterjev novembra 2010 v Kranjski Gori so bili poleg sestankov predstavnikov OPD in strokovnih odborov združenja predstavljeni tudi prispevki naših kolegov, članov združenja, in sicer: • Predstavitev izkušenj pri izvajanju žlebičenja, • Novi trendi proizvodnje obratov Benninghoven, O aktivnostih Odbora za zdravje, varstvo in okolje je zaradi odsotnosti g. Aleksandra Kersteina poročal g. Zvonimir Britovšek. Kot usmeritev delovanja odbora je izpostavil predvsem spremljanje okoljske zakonodaje v EU in Sloveniji. Aktivno sodelujejo pri delu odbora HSE EAPA in obravnavajo aktualne okoljske tematike ter poročajo o novostih na področju varovanja zdravja delavcev in okolja. V letu 2011 smo zaradi prekinitve delovanja podjetja oziroma upokojitve prejeli dve odstopni izjavi članov Upravnega odbora ZAS, zato so bile izvedene volitve nadomestnih članov. Namesto Vasje Grmka je bil izvoljen Thomas Glanzer, namesto Matije Donka pa Dean Donko. Skupščina se je končala s soglasno potrditvijo vseh predlaganih sklepov. STROKOVNI POSVET Strokovni posvet Pred skupščino smo organizirali strokovno srečanje s posebnimi temami: Inteligentno zgoščanje plasti v cestogradnji, dr. Andreas Biedermann, Ammann Prikazani so bili pomen ustreznega zgoščanja in posledice, ko temu ni tako. Obstoječe metode preverjanja zgoščanja so točkovne, in nam njihovi rezultati lahko podajo povsem popačeno sliko o doseženi kakovosti. Sistem inteligentnega zgoščanja, ki je nameščen na valjarju in spremljan preko satelita (GPS), je zato rešitev, ki nam daje optimalne rezultate. Vedno več proizvajalcev se zato odloča za opremljanje svojih zgoščevalnih sredstev z napravami za kontinuirano spremljanje dosežene zgoščenosti, med njimi pa ima pomembno vlogo družba Ammann. Trajnostni razvoj pri industriji asfalta, Zvone Britovšek, CM Celje, d.d. Surovinski in energetski viri so dobrine, ki niso na voljo v neomejenih količinah. Zato je dolžnost vseh nas, da se kar se da racionalno obnašamo in ohranjamo naravne vire tudi generacijam, ki prihajajo za nami. Asfalt je gradbeni proizvod, ki ga lahko v celoti ponovno uporabimo za proizvodnjo novih asfaltnih zmesi. V svetu je razvitih več načinov in postopkov ponovne uporabe in predelave starih asfaltnih plasti. V grobem ločimo postopke reciklaže na mestu vgradnje oziroma obnove dotrajanih vozišč in postopke ponovne uporabe starega asfalta v asfaltnem obratu. Oba postopka sta v različnih modifikacijah uveljavljena tudi v Sloveniji. S ponovno uporabo starih asfaltnih zmesi oziroma plasti skrbimo za naše okolje, za ohranjanje surovinskih virov, zmanjšanje porabe energije in s tem za zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov v okolje. Poleg ponovne uporabe starega asfalta pa v smislu trajnostnega razvoja nadomeščamo osnovne vhodne materiale tudi z različnimi alternativnimi materiali oziroma sekundarnimi surovinami, ki nastajajo v različnih industrijskih procesih, kot so npr. žlindra, ki nastaja kot stranski proizvod pri proizvodnji jekla, gumi granulat, pridobljen z mletjem starih avtomobilskih pnevmatik, različne oblike ciklonskega prahu, zbranega v procesih odpraševanja, ki vsi lahko v določenem procentu ustrezno nadomestijo karbonatno polnilo in tudi izboljšajo lastnosti asfaltne zmesi. Usmeritve v trajnostni razvoj, ki smo jih sprejeli v Združenju asfalterjev Slovenije, nam narekujejo razvoj novih, odpornejših ter s tem trajnejših, predvsem pa tudi manj hrupnih asfaltnih zmesi, ki bodo zagotavljale varen in okolju prijazen transport po naših cestah. Z razvojem energetsko varčnejših proizvodnih postopkov in z omogočanjem vgradnje asfaltnih zmesi pri nižjih temperaturah pa bomo skrbeli, da bodo cilji zmanjševanja emisij toplogrednih plinov in učinkovite rabe energije lažje uresničljivi. Funkcionalne gradbene pogodbe – osnova za optimalne tehnične rešitve in zagon novih investicij v cestogradnji, mag. Borut Žličar, DRI upravljanje investicij, d.o.o. Ob slabi kakovosti predvsem državnega cestnega omrežja (od 6000 km je 3000 km v slabem stanju) in kroničnem pomanjkanju sredstev se velik del sredstev porabi za zagotavljanje prevoznosti. To so sredstva, ki so sicer potrebna, njihov učinek pa je kratkotrajen in v veliki meri izgubljen. Osnovna ideja je, da se namesto lokalnih sanacij zagotovi celovita sanacija najpomembnejših regionalnih povezav. Kot možna rešitev se zdi oddaja del po postopku funkcionalne pogodbe. Glavni namen funkcionalne pogodbe, katere uporaba je najbolj učinkovita pri izgradnji ali obnovi voziščne konstrukcije, je izboljšanje tehnologij, ki jih ponudi izvajalec, naročnik pa presoja na osnovi njegovega prej izdelanega referenčnega projekta. Po končani gradnji se s pogodbo izvajalec zaveže, da obravnavani odsek investicijsko vzdržuje za določeno dobo trajanja pogodbe (običajno med 15 in 30 let). Način plačila se dogovori za vsak primer posebej, pri čemer je izvajalec nagrajen, če je kakovost boljša od predvidene. B.Č. od skupščine do Skupščine 5 15 LET ZAS 15 let ZAS slavnostna prireditev Združenje asfalterjev Slovenije je bilo ustanovljeno 17. aprila 1996 v Gornji Radgoni. Jesen leta 2011, ko se je bližala 15. obletnica delovanja, je sovpadla z vedno večjo krizo v gradbeništvu, zato je bil Upravni odbor pred vprašanjem načina obeležitve za naše društvo te tako pomembne obletnice. Na koncu je bilo odločeno, da bo jubilejno srečanje sestavni del strokovnega posveta in skupščine. S tem smo povezali koristno s prijetnim in minimizirali stroške dogodka. Predsednik Slovenko Henigman ob predstavitvi Uvodni nagovor s predstavitvijo je imel predsednik združenja Slovenko Henigman, ki je orisal prehojeno pot od ustanovitve do danes. Izhodišča predstavitve so bila posvečena asfalterstvu in stanju vozišč v 90-ih letih, prikazu pričetka delovanja društva, vloge ZAS pri razvoju asfalterstva v Sloveniji, prikazal je aktivnosti ZAS v 15 letih in se zahvalil vsem, ki so omogočili uspešno delovanje združenja. Sledili so nagovori predstavnikov naročnikov, Univerze, inštitutov, civilne družbe, izvajalcev in mednarodnega okolja, s katerimi je ZAS vzpostavil odlične odnose. Spregovorili so: • direktor DRSC, mag. Gregor Ficko, • dekan Gradbene fakultete v Ljubljani, prof. dr. Matjaž Mikoš, • direktor ZAG, izr. prof. dr. Andraž Legat, • direktor DRC, Matija Vilhar, • izvršni direktor SCT, Borut Willenpart in • generalni sekretar EAPA, Simon van der Byl. Slavnostne prireditve so se udeležili številni gostje 6 od skupščine do Skupščine 15 LET ZAS mag. Gregor Ficko prof. dr. Matjaž Mikoš izr. prof. dr. Andraž Legat Matija Vilhar Borut Willenpart Simon van der Byl Rdeča nit prireditve so bili glasbeni nastopi odlične primorske pevke Polone Končar (Furlan). Praznovanje se je končalo na ladji Burja Vsi so pohvalili prehojeno pot društva, mu čestitali in želeli podobne uspehe v prihodnje. Posebej so izpostavili pozitiven zgled delovanja asfalterjev tudi pri iskanju poti iz težavnih gospodarskih razmer. Prejemniki kipca akademskega kiparja Primoža Puglja in priznanj so podjetja in posamezniki, izvoljeni v prvi upravni in nadzorni odbor, ki od ustanovitve delujejo v ZAS-u. Priznanja so prejeli: • družbe: CP Ljubljana, CGP, CM Celje, DRI upravljanje investicij, PETROL Ljubljana, Primorje, SCT, SGP Pomgrad, Asfalti Ptuj, CPG, IGMAT, KPL, Possehl, Asfalteks, B&A&M, Interchem in Tahting ter • posamezniki: dr. Janez Žmavc, Feliks Podgoršek, Borut Willenpart, Aleksander Kerstein, Marijan Makovec in Zvonko Cotič. Dobitniki priznanj od skupščine do Skupščine 7 SODELOVANJE Sodelovanje s sorodnimi združenji (EAPA, Gestrata, DAV, DRC ...) DRC, Družba za raziskave v cestni in prometni stroki ZAS je skupaj z društvi za ceste Ljubljana, SV Slovenija, JV Slovenija in Primorska kot družbenik neposredno vključen v delovanje DRC. 25. skupščina DRC je bila 5. aprila 2012 izvedena v Podpeči. Poleg običajnih dogovorov in sklepov, vezanih na poslovanje v preteklem letu 2011, so bili sprejeti tudi sklepi o programu dela v letu 2012 in sklep o imenovanju nadzornega sveta družbe za naslednji štiriletni mandat. V razpravi na skupščini je bilo veliko časa posvečenega prihodnji organiziranosti in delovanju družbe. Po mnenju ZAS-a in tudi društev je dozorel čas, ko bi se lahko družba preoblikovala v zvezo društev, ki bi povezovala še ostale civilne strokovne organizacije s področja prometa in infrastrukture. Na skupščini DRC je bil sprejet dogovor, da se v roku enega leta oziroma najpozneje do 31. marca 2013 preveri obstoječa organiziranost družbe DRC in pripravi predlog nove. GESTRATA (delno povzeto po: Gestrata Journal, Bauseminar 2012, marec 2012, zvezek 134) Sodelovanje z avstrijskim združenjem je tradicionalno dobro. Poleg strokovnih izmenjav in medsebojnih obiskov se člani ZAS-a tradicionalno udeležujejo Gestratinega letnega gradbenega seminarja, ki je organiziran v devetih večjih avstrijskih mestih in ki se ga udeležuje nad 2000 udeležencev. Predstavniki ZAS-a so običajno prisotni v Vrbi (Vel8 od skupščine do Skupščine den) na avstrijskem Koroškem. Na gradbenem seminarju 2012 so prikazali in analizirali: • vplive na okolje pri izgradnji cest; • uporabo rezkanca v večjem obsegu, kar omogoča predvsem paralelni sušilni boben na asfaltnem obratu; omenjen je bil tudi pilotni projekt Asfinaga, ki smo si ga predstavniki ZAS-a leta 2009 v bližini Gradca že ogledali; • tehnične pogoje za podeželske in oskrbovalne poti ter ceste, kjer imajo največji vpliv klimatske obremenitve; • paket gospodarjenja s cestami, ki omogoča optimalno upravljanje z vozišči in cestami; • vpliv finih zmesi zrn na torne lastnosti voznih površin; • pomen prometne varnosti in postopke za optimalno vgrajevanje asfaltnih zmesi. Poudarki nagovora seminarja v Salzburgu so bili dani s strani člana upravnega odbora g. Alfreda Zeilerja. Predstavil je rezultate študije, ki jo je 2010 izdelal prof. dr. Hans Litzka in s katero so analizirali stanje 34.000 km vozišč deželnih cest. Študija je bila izdelana kot posledica zahtev po obnovah s strani deželnih direktorjev direktoratov. Rezultati študije kažejo, da je 22 % vozišč v slabem ali zelo slabem stanju. Ob nadaljevanju tega trenda bo do leta 2020 v slabem stanju še dodatnih 7 % vozišč. Da se stanje ne bi slabšalo, bi bilo potrebno letno zagotoviti dodatnih 60 mio EUR sredstev. G. Zeiler je poudaril posledice neukrepanja. Zato si bo Gestrata na vseh nivojih prizadevala za pospešitev aktivnosti v smeri ukrepanja in dodatnih vlaganj. Problematična niso sredstva, teh je dovolj, ampak optimalno angažiranje. Za Zeilerja je nedopustno, da se govori samo o varčevanju, saj se s tem dela škodo prihodnosti. Podana je bila tudi splošna ocena o situaciji v asfalterski industriji, ki se iz leta v leto slabša. Če je bila cena bitumna še leta 1994 pri 109 EUR/tono, je predvidena cena v letu 2012 kar 520 EUR/tono. Podražitev za faktor 4,8 ni v nikakršnem sorazmerju z današnjo ceno asfalta. Tudi zato ima proizvodnja asfalta v Avstriji negativen trend, prihodnost pa je negotova. Navedeno močno otežuje gradbenim podjetjem zadržati dobre asfalterske kadre, ki se raje odločajo za druge branže, je zaključil g. Zeiler. DAV Nemško asfaltersko združenje DAV je v februarju 2012 organiziralo že 16. asfalterske dneve v Berchtesgadnu na Bavarskem. Uvodni govorec, predsednik DAV in direktor družbe Eurovia Bernd Lange, je izpostavil naslednje: • Proizvodnja asfalta v Nemčiji se je v zadnjih letih ustalila na približno 50 mio t. • Največji problem industrije so cene bitumnov, ki od leta 2008 naprej nenehno rastejo. • Pričakujejo spremenjeno financiranje investicij v prometno, predvsem cestno infrastrukturo, saj so uporabniki pripravljeni plačati neposredno izboljšanje kakovosti. Računajo na uvedbo vinjet za osebna vozila na avtocestah. SODELOVANJE Cilje zveznega prometnega ministrstva sta predstavila prof. dr. Josef Kunz, ministrski direktor, in Rainer Bomba, državni sekretar. Dolžina cest v Nemčiji znaša 231.717 km. V skrbništvu države je 12.821 km avtocest in 39.713 km zveznih cest v vrednosti 175 mrd EUR. V državi je registriranih 46 mio osebnih in 5 mio tovornih vozil, od katerih s cestnino pridobijo 4,6 mrd EUR. Proračun za investicije v cestno infrastrukturo za leto 2012 znaša 6,442 mrd EUR. Bernd Lange, predsednik DAV in direktor družbe Eurovia • V tehnološkem razvoju se veliko pričakuje od različnih asfaltnih zmesi za znižanje hrupa, saj drugi materiali na voznih površinah ne morejo konkurirati asfaltu. • Trgovanje z emisijami bo potrebno samo za asfaltne obrate, katerih priključna moč presega 20 MW. V glavnem so to novi največji obrati, ki tudi najbolj izpolnjujejo okoljske zahteve, zato je takšna zahteva nenavadna! Prof. dr. Thomas Bauer, predsednik uprave Bauer AG in predsednik glavnega društva nemške gradbene industrije, je poudaril predvsem naslednje: • V letu 2008 se je v Nemčiji končalo 15 recesijskih let po obdobju razcveta, ki ga je povzročila ponovna združitev obeh Nemčij v devetdesetih letih. Danes gradbeništvo zaposluje 700.000 ljudi, v 90-ih letih jih je 1,4 milijona, podobno je padec gradbene proizvodnje v tem obdobju presegel 50 %. Vendar ponovni zagon investicij po krizi nikoli ne poteka enakomerno, tako kot se vreme po viharju praviloma ne stabilizira brez nihanj. In v tej fazi je sedaj Nemčija. Pričakujejo nadaljnji zagon investicij v gradnjo stanovanj in stavb, zato upa, da bodo temu trendu sledila tudi vlaganja države v infrastrukturo, čeprav zgledi ta trenutek niso ravno najboljši. Vzrok je v splošnem varčevanju, še vedno ni moderno graditi, čeprav se trendi, predvsem pa potrebe, povečujejo. • V zadnjih desetletjih so veliko premalo naredili na cestni infrastrukturi, ki kaže iz dneva v dan slabšo sliko. Nujno je povečati vlaganja, saj so potrebe po obnovah in novih objektih izrazite. • Prav tako se je treba zavedati, da je gradnja največji multiplikator gospodarske rasti, država od vloženih sredstev preko davkov pridobi okoli 40 % sredstev povrnjenih. • Od 39.000 mostov in viaduktov (zvezno je to 2064 km) na avtocestah jih je 50 % v slabem stanju in so potrebni obnov. Za te obnove bo potrebnih preko 7 mrd EUR. • Prometne obremenitve do leta 2025 bodo zrasle za 80 %. In največji delež obremenitev bo padel na ceste, saj ostali nosilci prometa niso v stanju prevzeti praktično nobenih dodatnih obremenitev. • Poudaril je pomen civilnih iniciativ, ki jih je potrebno vključevati, jim dati priložnost, vendar samo do neke mere, saj sicer ne bodo nič več gradili. Težave iniciativ so, da projekti tečejo vrsto let, česar iniciative ne morejo spremljati in se zato pritožujejo. Predlaga razumno vključitev pri vprašanjih, ki se jih dotikajo. Cilji zveznega ministrstva za promet v srednjeročnem obdobju so predvsem naslednji: • Bolj učinkovite investicije: gradnje in obnove, več ITS, obvladovanje gradbiščnega vodenja in komuniciranja z javnostmi (letno je na AC več kot 800 gradbišč, kjer se dela dlje kot 8 dni). Cilj je nadgraditi časovni katalog za časovni potek del na AC-gradbiščih. • Izboljšati počivališča za tovorna vozila (v letih 2008–2010 so zagotovili dodatnih 5.500 parkirišč, do leta 2015 jih načrtujejo še 15.500). • Spopadajo se z nekaterimi sistemskimi napakami pri gradnji, kot so: premajhne debeline prekrivnih betonov na objektih, problemi z alkalnostjo betonov, rahlo slabšanje voznih površin (kriterij MSI), problematika prednapetih betonov … • Računajo na nove modele financiranja, funkcionalne gradbene pogodbe se razvijajo. • 60 % populacije je preobremenjene s hrupom. Pripravljen je 2. nacionalni paket znižanja hrupa, ki predvideva za 30 % znižano obremenjenost. V ta namen bo namenjenih 1,7 mrd EUR investicij. Problem je stalno povečevanje prometnih obremenitev, zato je potrebno »dvakratno« zniževanje hrupa. • Fotovoltaika dobiva na pomenu predvsem v povezavi s konstrukcijami ZPH. • Nemčija kot prvi svetovni izvoznik in logist potrebuje konkurenčno prometno infrastrukturo. Da bi to dosegli, bodo uvedli vinjete za osebna vozila in povečali letne investicije v cestno infrastrukturo, še posebej zaradi napovedanih rasti prometnih obremenitev. Po podatkih državnega sekretarja g. Bombe se bodo prometne obremenitve do leta 2025 v Nemčiji povečale za dodatnih 50 do 70 %. S.H. od skupščine do Skupščine 9 13. KOLOKVIJ 13. kolokvij o asfaltih in bitumnih, Bled 2011 Kolokvij o asfaltih in bitumnih predstavlja vsaki dve leti eno od večjih strokovnih srečanj tistega leta. To je tudi posledica izmenično bienalne organizacije Kongresa o cestah in prometu, ki je organiziran v letu pred in po kolokviju. Navedeno povečuje odgovornost pri organizaciji in daje ZAS-u možnost, da nagovarja širšo strokovno populacijo in poleg samo ozko specialističnih asfalterskih tem obravnava celotno problematiko prometne infrastrukture. Navedeno je še toliko pomembnejše, ker se je Slovenija predvsem zaradi pomanjkanja virov znašla v situaciji, ko ni jasno, v katero smer in kako razvijati prometno infrastrukturo. Prav zato smo tej tematiki poleg običajnih asfalterskih tem na 13. KAB posvetili glavno pozornost. Vsi govorci v tem sklopu so poudarili pomen kakovostne prometne infra- 10 od skupščine do Skupščine Zvone Britovšek, uvodni nagovor na kolokviju Sekcija 1: Razvoj tehnoloških postopkov na cestah strukture, ki je pogoj za mobilnost in ustrezno razvitost posamezne države. Močno so bili poudarjeni tudi multiplikativni učinki izgradnje infrastrukture na državna gospodarstva. Nasprotje lahko že več let opazujemo v Sloveniji, kjer lahko navedenemu v veliki meri pripišemo tudi negativne trende gospodarske rasti. Na kolokviju se je predstavilo 27 razstavljalcev (22 domačih in 5 tujih) in 11 pokroviteljev (generalni pokrovitelj Petrol in drugi pokrovitelji: Benninghoven, Cestno podjetje Ljubljana, CGP, OMV Slovenija, SGP Pomgrad, AMMANN, DARS, DRI upravljanje investicij, STRABAG, VATTENFALL, ZAG). Kolokvij lahko strnemo v naslednje statistične podatke: skupno je bilo 140 registriranih udeležencev (108 domačih, 32 iz tujine), predstavljenih je bilo 13 referatov (7 domačih in 6 tujih iz Avstrije, Nemčije, Nizozemske, Velike Britanije, Hrvaške) in 7 tehničnih predstavitev podjetij (2 domači podjetji in 5 podjetij iz tujine – Nemčija, Švica, Hrvaška, Nizozemska). Pomembnejše zaključke kolokvija bi lahko strnili v naslednje: • Okrepiti je potrebno kakovost izdelave elaboratov dimenzioniranja voziščnih konstrukcij. Nedopustno je, da te, za ceste tako pomembne, dokumente izdelujejo začetniki oziroma izdelovalci brez izkušenj in referenc. V ZAS se že dlje časa sprašujemo, kaj bi bilo potrebno narediti, da bi prekinili s to neustrezno prakso. 13. KOLOKVIJ Rajko Siročić, generalni direktor DRI Začete pogovore z Inženirsko zbornico Slovenije na to temo je treba obnoviti in poiskati boljše rešitve. • V asfalterstvu se je po letu 2008 z implementacijo evropskih standardov uvedel enoten pristop načrtovanja asfaltnih zmesi, pri čemer je dopuščena izbira empiričnega oziroma fundamentalnega pristopa. Fundamentalni ali znanstveni pristop temelji na številnih predhodnih dinamičnih laboratorijskih preizkusih, ki so zahtevni, dragi in dolgotrajni. Za čim bolj učinkovito obvladovanje asfalterskih del je treba izdelati procedure, ki bodo prilagojene zahtevnosti del v izogib kakršnimkoli tveganjem za končni uspeh izvedenega ukrepa. • Pri naročanju razvojnih nalog se je zgodil nedopusten zastoj. Naročniki so se enostavno odločili, da teh nalog ne potrebujejo več?! Predlagamo, da si skupaj pogledamo rezultate v preteklosti izvedenih razvojnih nalog in odstotek v praksi iz teh nalog uveljavljenih predlogov, kar bo – upam – ponovno omogočilo oddajo teh del. • Zelo podobno kot pri predhodnem predlogu je z izvedbo poskusnih polj, pri čemer so v preteklosti stroške leteh nosili izvajalci del. V dani situaciji to ni več mogoče, saj obstoječi izvajalci tega enostavno ne zmorejo več. Nove tehnologije in materiale se lahko preveri samo v realnih pogojih na poskusnih poljih, zato je potrebno tudi ta dela naročati na razpisih. • Razvoj gre z roko v roki z novo idejo, ki jo je treba najprej preveriti v labo- Franz Lückler, predsednik uprave AC-Styria ratoriju in/ali na papirju (razvojna naloga), izvesti poskusno polje, končna uporaba pa je možna šele tedaj, ko je ukrep, nova tehnologija ali vrsta materiala ustrezno opredeljena s tehnično specifikacijo (standard ali tehnični pogoji). Zato je tudi s tem Simon van der Byl, generalni sekretar EAPA pričetek uporabe v realnih pogojih. Vsekakor pa so asfalti z gumo, skupaj s ponovno uporabo asfaltnih zmesi in asfaltne zmesi za znižanje hrupa, tehnologije prihodnosti. • Oddaja del na osnovi najnižje cene je v zadnjih letih tudi dobra podjetja Omizje na temo prihodnjega razvoja infrastrukture je vodil prof. dr. Andraž Legat. delom potrebno nadaljevati. Kratkoročno so potrebne tehnične specifikacije za izvedbo reciklaž, za nizkotemperaturne asfalte in za bolj sistematično uporabo manj hrupnih asfaltov. Tehnična specifikacija za asfalte z gumo se ta trenutek zdi še bolj oddaljena oziroma je težko pričakovati pripeljala v situacijo, ki jim ne zagotavlja obstoja. Zato je nujna uveljavitev oddaje del po principu ekonomsko najugodnejše ponudbe. • Slovenska industrija asfalta je v preteklosti že večkrat dokazala, da zna delati. Da bi se trend dogajanja ponovno obrnil, je potrebno zagotoviti od skupščine do Skupščine 11 13. KOLOKVIJ Udeleženci na kolokviju ustrezne programe, ki jih bo ob ustreznem pozitivnem sodelovanju in primerni poslovni konkurenci možno aplicirati na naše ceste. Če navedeno ne bo storjeno, bomo ob nezmanjšanih prometnih obremenitvah priča nadaljnjemu pospešenemu propadu voziščnih konstrukcij, stroški popravil pa se bodo s tem po nepotrebnem močno povečali. Kolokvij o asfaltih in bitumnih je največje srečanje, ki ga že vrsto let organiziramo v ZAS-u. Sprejeti zaključki predstavljajo usmeritev aktivnosti združenja, ki jih uveljavljamo tudi na ostalih strokovnih srečanjih, še posebej pa na naslednjem Kongresu o cestah in prometu. S.H. Muzikalki Maša in Tanja 12 od skupščine do Skupščine Tone Tiselj, povezava med vrhunskim športom in managementom IZOBRAŽEVANJE 8. izobraževanje in usposabljanje operativnega asfalterskega kadra, 2012 Z ozirom na izredno situacijo v gradbeništvu v zadnjih letih, zmanjšano proizvodnjo asfaltov ter znižano kakovost proizvodnje in vgrajevanja v zadnjem obdobju smo pri pripravi letošnjega izobraževanja še bolj pazljivo načrtovali program in organizacijo izobraževanja. Tako smo na izobraževanje povabili tudi podjetja, ki do sedaj niso sodelovala z ZAS-om, so pa v zadnjem obdobju aktivna in delujejo na področju vgrajevanja asfaltov. Program izobraževanja je bil oblikovan tako, da so bila obravnavana najpomembnejša področja v asfalterstvu, namenjena pretežno operativnemu asfalterskemu kadru, s poudarkom na predstavitvah novosti v zadnjem obdobju. Pomanjkljivosti in napake, za katere smo menili, da se ne morejo pojaviti, so ponovno postale vsakdanji spremljevalec na naših cestah. To pomeni, da je potrebno ne glede na obseg proizvodnje vseskozi opozarjati in izobraževati kader, ki sodeluje v procesu izvedbe del. Letošnje izobraževanje je bilo namenjeno prav operativnemu tehničnemu kadru: delovodjem, strojnikom, vodjem skupin in tehnikom. Organizirano je bilo 15. marca 2012 v Kranju Praktični del izobraževanja (teoretični del v izobraževalnem centru Iskratel, praktični del na poligonu pa na območju deponije CP Kranj v Naklem) in naknadno zaradi velikega zanimanja še 29. marca 2012 v Ljubljani (teoretični del v izobraževalnih prostorih Unije na Brezovici, praktični del pa na območju podjetja Mapri v Ljubljani). Na teoretičnem delu izobraževanja so bile obdelane predvsem teme, od katerih je odvisna kakovost opravljenih del. S strani predavatelja Zvoneta Britovška so bila obravnavna poglavja: proizvodnja na asfaltnem obratu (vhodni materiali, dodatki, temperatura, pokrivanje asfaltne zmesi, najpogostejše Udeleženci izobraževanja v Kranju Udeleženci izobraževanja v Ljubljani Praktični prikaz od skupščine do Skupščine 13 IZOBRAŽEVANJE napake, …), vgrajevanje asfaltnih zmesi (razgrinjanje, nadvišanje, obdelava detajlov, zgoščanje plasti in robov, vrsta zgoščevalnih sredstev, …), zagotavljanje kakovosti (notranja in zunanja kontrola kakovosti, laboratorij), varovanje okolja ter varstvo delavcev. V prispevku mag. Jožice Cezar pa je bilo predstavljeno področje voziščnih konstrukcij, projektiranje in načrtovanje asfaltnih voziščnih konstrukcij ter določevanje sanacijskih ukrepov s poudarkom na oznakah asfaltnih zmesi po veljavni tehnični regulativi in novih standardih. V sklopu vzdrževanja cest so bile predstavljene značilne poškodbe na voziščih in voziščnih konstrukcijah, vzroki in načini popravil poškodb ter različne tehnologije izvedbe sanacij. Janez Šuštar, dolgoletni predavatelj in vodja praktičnih usposabljanj Kaj bo potrebno v prihodnje še spremeniti, nadgraditi, da bo dosežen optimalni učinek izobraževanj? Smatram, da ZAS, kot organizator izobraževanja, kaj več ne more postoriti. Razen da priporoča vsem udeležencem izobraževanja vodstvenega kadra, da permanentno preverjajo pridobljeno oziroma utrjeno znanje operativnega kadra na izobraževanju. V gradbeništvu se dogajajo velike spremembe. Kako ocenjujete te spremembe v samem asfalterstvu? Vsi udeleženci izobraževanja so prejeli gradivo – zbornik predavanj, knjigo Asfalt 2, zgibanko – označevanje asfaltnih zmesi po starem in po novem in letno glasilo Združenja. mag. Jožica Cezar, Sekcija za izobraževanje 14 od skupščine do Skupščine Izobraževanja so izmenično eno leto namenjena bolj operativcem, drugo pa vodstvenemu kadru v asfalterstvu. Se vam zdi takšna delitev izobraževanja primerna? Smatram, da je to primerno, saj se spremembe – novitete v vseh segmentih, od proizvodnje asfaltnih zmesi, materialov, strojne opreme, ne dogajajo čez noč. Po organizirani malici je sledil praktični del izobraževanja pod vodstvom predavatelja Janeza Šuštarja. Izveden je bil na pripravljenem poligonu s prikazom vgrajevanja na finišerju in valjanja. Predstavljeni so bili delovni postopki pri vgrajevanju asfaltnih zmesi, navoz asfaltnih zmesi na finišer in razdelitev pred vgrajevalno gred, nastavitev parametrov na finišerju s poudarkom na napakah, ki se pojavljajo vsled nepravilne nastavitve, predstavitvijo nivelirnih naprav za višinsko vodenje finišerja in postopkov pri zgoščevanju asfaltnih plasti. Izobraževanja se je skupaj udeležilo 90 udeležencev iz 14 podjetij. Z udeleženci izobraževanja je bil opravljen preskus znanja, na osnovi katerega so bila izdana tudi potrdila o opravljenem izobraževanju in usposabljanju. potrjevanje, da v praksi delajo pravilno. Vsako leto pa je bilo tudi nekaj novih obrazov, kar je signal, da se podjetja zavedajo, da je izobraževanje potrebno in nujno za doseganje kvalitete asfalterskih del. G. Šuštar, kot predavatelj, predvsem na praktičnem delu na poligonu, ste sodelovali na številnih izobraževanjih, ki jih organizira ZAS. Kakšno je vaše mnenje o teh izobraževanjih? V kolikor izhajam samo iz praktičnega dela na poligonu, so tovrstna izobraževanja nujno potrebna. Poligon je praktično prikaz vsakodnevnega dela, ki ga tečajniki opravljajo v svojih podjetjih, in poznajo oziroma se vsakodnevno srečujejo s podobno vsebino, kot je predstavljena na poligonu. Vendar je še vedno veliko postavljenih vprašanj, ki se razjasnijo s prikazom na poligonu. V vseh letih je bilo veliko enakih obrazov, ki jim je to izobraževanje pomenilo utrjevanje znanja in Res se dogajajo velike spremembe! Na žalost to pomeni tudi zmanjšan obseg investicij kakor tudi vzdrževalnih del, kar direktno vpliva tudi na obseg asfalterskih del. To zmanjšanje pa pomeni potencialno nevarnost padca kvalitete samih asfalterskih del. V vedno bolj zaostrenih pogojih poslovanja pa se ne ustvari dovolj akumulacije, ki bi se namenila razvoju v asfalterstvu. Ali se moramo bati za prihodnost naše panoge? Mislim, da ne. Kljub padcu obsega proizvodnje je potrebno še več delati na kvaliteti asfalterskih izdelkov, za kar so tudi organizirana izobraževanja v okviru ZAS-a. Ob dobri kvaliteti asfalterske stroke, vključno z vsemi sodelujočimi (inštituti …), pa se nam za prihodnost naše panoge ni bati. DELOVANJE ORGANOV ZAS Pregled delovanja organov ZAS v letu 2011 STROKOVNI ODBORI ZDRUŽENJA Tehnični odbor (TO) V zadnjem letu je del aktivnosti odbora potekal v okviru dveh sestankov ožje delovne skupine za standarde in nacionalne dodatke. Obravnavan je bil povzetek dosedanjih rezultatov in razprav na področju izbranih kategorij v veljavnih nacionalnih dodatkih SIST 1038, ki so bili predmet sprememb v preteklem letu. Organigram organov ZAS Naslednje leto bo že deset let, kar ZAS deluje po spremenjeni organiziranosti, ki je razvidna iz zgornjega organi grama. Organiziranost je prilagojena ustroju v evropskem asfalterskem združenju EAPA, tako da so vodje posameznih odborov v ZAS zastopani v sorodnih odborih EAPA. V nadaljevanju so prikazane aktivnosti posameznih teles organizacijske strukture združenja. Upravni odbor (UO) V letu 2011 je bilo organiziranih 7 sej. Sprejetih je bilo 57 sklepov, ki so bili v celoti realizirani. Poleg članov upravnega odbora so se sej v zadnjem letu redno udeleževali predsednik NO g. Marijan Makovec, vodja sekcije za izobraževanje ga. Jožica Cezar in vodja tehničnega odbora g. Janez Prosen ter Zvonko Cotič, kot strokovni svetovalec. Nadzorni odbor (NO) Nadzorni odbor v sestavi: predsednik Marijan Makovec in člana, Janez Prosen ter Miro Žnidaršič se je sestal 23. marca 2012 na Brezovici. Pregledali so finančno in računovodsko dokumentacijo in podali pozitivno mnenje na pregledani zaključni račun za leto 2011, ki ga bo sprejemala letošnja skupščina ZAS. Letni sestanek celotnega odbora TO ZAS je bil organiziran v novembru in je obravnaval stanje na področju tehnične regulative in naslednje aktualne teme: ponovna uporaba starih asfaltnih plasti (Recycling), vpeljava toplih asfaltnih zmesi (Warm Mix Asphalt), zmanjševanje hrupa asfaltnih voznih površin (Noise Reduction Asphalt Pavement). Obravnavana je bila tudi kakovost asfalterskih del, ki se je zaradi zloma velikih gradbenih podjetij poslabšala. Na sestanku so bile dane tudi informacije o delu TC EAPA ter planu dela tehničnega odbora v prihodnje. Pri delu TO ZAS smo obravnavali tudi informacije in izsledke raziskav s področja zdravja in varovanja okolja, predvsem izpustov prašnih delcev, ki jih zajemata direktiva WFD (Waste Framework Directive) in deklaracija EPD (Environmental Product Declaration). Obravnavali smo merjenje ogljikovega odtisa (Carbon Footprint) in predvsem informacijo o izsledkih iz raziskav študije IARC, ki po novem uvršča bitumen kot proizvod v višjo skupino nevarod skupščine do Skupščine 15 DELOVANJE ORGANOV ZAS nosti glede možne kancerogenosti, in sicer v skupini 2A ter 2B. Navedeno pa ne pomeni, da je bitumen bolj škodljiv od vrste drugih produktov, kot so tobak, kava, alkohol ipd. Pri delu TO ZAS smo v zadnjem letu lahko zaznali rahel padec delovne vneme, kar je pričakovano ob znani situaciji, v kateri se nahajajo podjetja. Poudarki za delo v naprej: Člani odbora se bomo tudi v prihodnje zavzemali za pomembno vlogo in obvladovanje stroke. Poudarki bodo na vpeljavi novih zmesi asfalta, kot je npr. SMA LN, skladno s potrebami bo v prakso potrebno vpeljati smernico za manj hrupne asfalte, s sprejetimi dodatki k standardu SIST 1038, poseben poudarek bomo tudi v prihodnje dajali ponovni uporabi asfalta in izvedbi reciklaž na licu mesta. Stalna naloga je tudi potreba po spremljanju tehničnih dokumentov in reviziji standardov, za kar je potreben dostop do neposrednih informacij o delu CEN TC 227, kar bo zagotovljeno z udeležbo slovenskega predstavnika na sestankih CEN. Pomembno bo delo na razširjenih preiskavah z vidika vhodnih materialov, predvsem projektov sestav zmesi (nizke temperature, togost, utrujanje, deformacije in drugo). Aktivnosti tehničnega odbora ZAS v zadnjem letu so sledile srednjeročnim usmeritvam dela odbora, tako da delujemo na nadgradnji asfalterske regulative v cilju obvladovanja asfalta kot gradbenega materiala za čim boljšo uporabo. Vsem sodelujočim pri našem delu se lepo zahvaljujem in spodbujam povezovalno delo v naprej. Janez Prosen, vodja odbora Sekcija za izobraževanje (SI) V Sekciji za izobraževanje se zavedamo svoje osnovne naloge – odgovornosti za ozaveščanje in širjenje dobre in uveljavljene prakse. V ta namen smo v letih delovanja dodobra razvili naša izobraževanja tako tehničnega asfalterskega kadra kot tudi usposabljanja operativnega asfalterskega kadra v obliki praktičnih prikazov na poligonu. 16 od skupščine do Skupščine Praktično na vseh sejah Upravnega odbora, pa tudi sestanku Odbora podjetij in družb govorimo o potrebah, možnostih in izboljšavah izobraževanja. Po letnem programu izobraževanja, ki ga Sekcija za izobraževanje pripravlja za tekoče leto sproti, vsako leto izmenično organiziramo izobraževanje tehničnega in usposabljanje operativnega asfalterskega kadra. Ciljne skupine za posamezno izobraževanje niso striktno ločene; to pomeni, da se nemalo inženirjev in vodij udeležuje tudi izobraževanja operativnega kadra, kar je seveda z njihovega stališča zelo praktično, za nas pa spodbudno, saj to pomeni, da ohranjamo nivo, primeren za celoten asfalterski kader. Na naših izobraževanjih dobijo udeleženci priložnosti, da izpostavijo svoje probleme, kaj vprašajo, izmenjujejo mnenja in izkušnje. Izobraževanja tehničnega asfalterskega kadra so bila v zadnjem obdobju organizirana centralno v Ljubljani. Izobraževanja in praktična usposabljanja operativnega kadra (na poligonu, v manjših delovnih skupinah) pa so organizirana regijsko glede na potrebe in zmožnosti. Detajlni vsebinski program za izvedbo vseh aktivnosti pripravlja SI za tekoče leto sproti. Pri izbiri tematike izobraževanj se prilagajamo potrebam in trenutnim razmeram v asfalterstvu. Udeležence skušamo sproti seznanjati z novostmi na področju tehnične regulative, laboratorijskih preiskav in laboratorijske opreme, problematiki proizvodnje in vgrajevanja asfaltnih zmesi, tehnološkimi postopki sanacij, pa tudi varstvu delavcev in varovanju okolja posvečamo veliko pozornosti. Poleg izvedbe vsakoletnih izobraževanj sodelujemo pri pripravi strokovnih srečanj in ostalih aktivnosti ter po potrebi organiziramo okrogle mize, delavnice in seminarje. Povabljeni predavatelji so navadno strokovnjaki iz naše asfalterske sredine, aktivni člani našega združenja, ki sodelujejo tudi pri pripravi gradiva. Sekcija za izobraževanje se v celotni sestavi vsako leto sestane na najmanj enem delovnem sestanku, medtem ko se organizacijski odbor sekcije v času organizacije izobraževanj sestaja s predavatelji večkrat po potrebi. Zavedamo se, da je izobraževanje ena najpomembnejših nalog združenja, saj se žal z zmanjšanjem proizvodnje niža tudi kakovost izvedenih del. Nenehno opozarjanje na pomanjkljivosti in vzporedno izobraževanje kadra, ki je vključen v proces, pomenita recept, ki zagotavlja, da se dela opravijo dovolj učinkovito in kakovostno. Pomembno je tudi, da pri izbiri tematik sodelujete vsi udeleženi v tem procesu, zato so vaše pobude, mnenja in pripravljenost na sodelovanje pri tem zelo dobrodošla. Tudi v prihodnje se bomo trudili, da bi izpolnili vaša pričakovanja. mag. Jožica Cezar Komisija za asfalt (KZA) Komisija za asfalt ni telo Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije, je pa v preteklosti imela močno povezovalno vlogo med strokovnimi odbori ZAS-a. Sestala se je na treh sestankih. Zmanjšanje aktivnosti komisije je predvsem posledica manjšega števila vprašanj oziroma pobud, ki izhajajo iz intenzivnega dela. V zadnjem letu je bil obseg asfalterskih del razpolovljen, problematičen pa je tudi osip članov komisije. Tako za KZA kot za vse ostale komisije se trenutno išče nova organizacijska oblika. Glede na ustanovitev Ministrstva za infrastrukturo in prostor se je oblikoval predlog, da bi bile vzpostavljene strokovne komisije v okviru ministrstva. Zaključek Delovanje ZAS-ovih teles v zadnjem letu je bilo skladno s programi in usmeritvami upravnega odbora, pri čemer smo pri posameznem organu lahko ugotovili potrebo po dodatnih impulzih, novelaciji idej in ponovnem zagonu. V novem mandatu se bomo lotili pregleda začrtanih planov posameznega telesa in realizacije zadanih nalog. S.H. PROIZVODNJA Proizvodnja in vgrajevanje asfaltnih zmesi v letu 2011 PROIZVODNJA ASFALTNIH ZMESI V REPUBLIKI SLOVENIJI V LETIH 1996 - 2011 (t) V letu 2011 smo v Sloveniji proizvedli 1,276 mio ton vročih asfaltnih zmesi. Navedeno je najnižja proizvodnja od ustanovitve združenja do sedaj. Za proizvedene asfaltne zmesi je bilo porabljenih približno 1,048 mio ton karbonatnih in 113.000 ton silikatnih zmesi kamnitih zrn ter okoli 58.000 ton bitumenskih veziv. Od tega je bilo vgrajenih 53.000 ton cestogradbenih bitumnov in 5.000 ton s polimeri modificiranih bitumnov. Delež modificiranih bitumnov glede na porabo vseh bitumnov je tako kot v letu 2011 znašal okoli 10,0 %. V letu 2011 je bilo med ostalimi asfalti v Sloveniji proizvedenih in vgrajenih 41.000 ton SMA, 77.000 ton AC bin, 647.000 ton AC surf in 505.000 ton AC base, delež drenažnih asfaltnih zmesi pa je znašal okoli 5.000 ton. B.Č. & S.H. od skupščine do Skupščine 17 BRANKO ŽIBERNA, DIREKTOR GGD, GORENJSKE GRADBENE DRUŽBE Intervju z Brankom Žiberna V Cestnem podjetju Kranj se je zaposlil leta 1977 kot operativni gradbeni tehnik. Takoj je pričel z izrednim študijem in tako leta 1983 zaključil višješolski, leta 2000 pa visokošolski študij na Mariborski fakulteti. V CP Kranj je opravljal različna gradbena dela vse do vodje gradbišča. Ob delu je pridobil tudi ustrezne kvalifikacije s področja varstva in zdravja pri delu ter požarne varnosti. Na tem področju je deloval do leta 2002, ko je postal pomočnik direktorja, nato pa v letu 2004 direktor Cestnega podjetja Kranj d.d. Ob koncu marca lahko že občutimo obrise letošnje gradbene sezone. Kakšne so vaše ocene za tekoče leto in kako ocenjujete svoje vodenje družbe? Svoje vodenje v tem času ocenjujem kot dokaj uspešno. V zadnjih dveh, treh letih smo se znašli v delovnem okolju, kakršnega ne pomnim od svoje zaposlitve dalje. Gradbena podjetja padajo kot domine, država krči investicijska sredstva, bančna kriza, likvidnostne težave, vdor tujcev in političen izbor izvajalcev del so domače gradbeništvo pripeljali na rob preživetja. Nizke cene in odpisi terjatev kot posledica načrtovanih prisilnih poravnav in stečajev narekujejo hud boj za obstanek na slovenskem gradbenem trgu. Ne glede na navedeno smo v družbi uspeli pridobiti dovolj dela za začetek sezone 2012. Nekaj dela računamo še pridobiti in letošnje leto po možnosti zaključiti bolje kot predhodno leto. Število zaposlenih se bo gibalo v odvisnosti od pridobljenega dela. 18 od skupščine do Skupščine Vaša družba se je v zadnjem času preoblikovala v več odvisnih družb, že pred časom ste razširili svoje dejavnosti. Kako po določenem času ocenjujete izvedene poslovne poteze? Že v bližnji preteklosti smo pričeli z dejavnostjo visokih gradenj v Gradbenem podjetju Tržič. V lanskem letu smo oddvojili gradbeno operativo nizkih gradenj v Cestnem podjetju Kranj, d.o.o., matično družbo Cestno podjetje Kranj, d.d., pa preimenovali v Gorenjsko gradbeno družbo, d.d. Nedvomno smo z novo organizacijo dosegli zastavljene cilje tako v kadrovskem, komercialnem, finančnem in operativnem smislu. Kljub vsesplošnemu nazadovanju pri izvajanju gradbenih del v Sloveniji smo uspeli s povečano prodajo betonov (cca. 60.000 m3 letno) in s prodajo drugih gradbenih materialov. Matična družba proizvede vse zahtevane materiale za gradbeno operativo nizkih in visokih gradenj. V svoji lasti imamo kamnolome, gramoznico, deponijo gradbenih odpadkov, moderno betonarno in asfaltno bazo, v katerih proizvajamo visoko kvalitetne materiale. Kvaliteto spremljamo v svojih laboratorijih. Še vedno pa ostajate predvsem družba, ki pokriva nizke gradnje. To pomeni, da so vaša pretežna dejavnost ceste, komunalna infrastruktura ipd. Imate pa tudi velike ambicije na področju železnic. Kako vidite prihodnost izgradnje infrastrukture v Sloveniji? Zakaj je prišlo do tako velikega zastoja? Je že res, da večino dela opravimo na področju nizkih gradenj, vendar s tem ne zanemarjamo visokih gradenj, nas- BRANKO ŽIBERNA, DIRECTOR GGD Interview with Branko Žiberna, Director, GGD protno, želimo jih še okrepiti in povečati svoj tržni delež. Glede na zmanjševanje investicij v državnem proračunu širimo svojo dejavnost tudi na ostala področja. Zaposlili smo dodatni kvalitetni kader in odkupili specialno opremo za vzdrževanje avtocest, recikliranje voziščnih konstrukcij in izgradnjo mostov. Tudi to je eden od razlogov, da imamo tudi v teh časih vsako leto večjo realizacijo. Ponudbe oddajamo tudi na okoljevarstvenih projektih; nekatere projekte smo dobili v izvedbo, nekaj pa smo jih izgubili po mojem mnenju tudi neupravičeno. Političen izbor favoriziranih izvajalcev bo verjetno dočakal zakasnelo sodbo. Podobno ali še slabše je pri delitvi del na železnicah. Vsa Slovenska podjetja kandidiramo s partnerji iz tujine, ker sami nimamo referenc. Dela kljub najvišjim cenam oddajajo manjšim inženiring firmam brez kadra, materialne baze – le zakaj in komu v čast, bomo mogoče zvedeli kasneje. Vsekakor je širitev znanja in sposobnosti osnovna aktivnost za obstoj in napredek v gradbeni stroki. Zastoj v gradbeništvu je nastal zaradi pomanjkanja denarja in idej, kako priti iz krize. Dela še ne bo kmalu zmanjkalo, saj je gradbeništvo v Sloveniji v primerjavi svetovnim še vedno na začetni stopnji. To je tudi osnovni razlog, zakaj v gradbeništvu vztrajati. Prepričan sem, da se bo gradbeništvo v Sloveniji še razvijalo in Slovenijo približevalo najbolj razvitim državam Evrope. Ste najpomembnejši proizvajalec asfaltnih zmesi na Gorenjskem. Imate tradicijo, znanje, ste prvi proizvajalec eruptivnih kamnin v Sloveniji. Je to glavni razlog, da ste se odločili za nov asfaltni obrat in spremembo lokacije? Tehnološki napredek, predvsem v smislu ponovne uporabe dotrajanih asfaltnih zmesi, racionalnejša raba energentov v proizvodnem procesu, okolju prijaznejša proizvodnja, večja varnost in skrb za zdravje vseh udeleženih v procesu proizvodnje in vgrajevanja asfaltnih zmesi, ugodnejša lokacija v smislu navezave na obstoječo cestno infrastrukturo in krajših transportnih poti do vhodnih surovin in nenazadnje želja lokalne skupnosti so najpomembnejši razlogi za selitev obstoječe asfaltne baze v Naklem na novo lokacijo. Navedeno podjetju zagotavlja tudi večjo konkurenčnost na področju proizvodnje asfaltnih zmesi. Kaj pričakujete od novega obrata in kaj od spremenjene lokacije? Kot edini proizvajalec asfaltnih zmesi v regiji smo se že doslej trudili slediti razvoju asfalterske industrije. Tako na obstoječem obratu za proizvodnjo asfaltnih zmesi že vrsto let uporabljamo doma razvit sistem dodajanja recikliranega asfalta po postopku indirektnega segrevanja. Še korak naprej bomo naredili z izgradnjo novega asfaltnega obrata, saj bomo prvi v Sloveniji uvedli ponovno uporabo asfaltnih zmesi po postopku segrevanja dodanega granulata ločeno od segrevanja zmesi kamnitih zrn. Vaša družba Gorenjska gradbena družba je pomemben člen ZAS, Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije. Kakšna so vaša pričakovanja do tega društva, kje so možnosti za nadgradnjo obstoječega dela? Gorenjska gradbena družba sodeluje z Združenjem asfalterjev Slovenije (prej Društvom asfalterjev) že od same ustanovitve leta 1996. Dosedanje aktivnosti so temeljile predvsem na sodelovanju pri strokovnih izobraževanjih, ki jih je organiziral ZAS. V nadaljevanju pa poleg navedenega vidimo priložnost za sodelovanje z ZAS-om predvsem v smislu uvedbe novih tehnologij proizvodnje asfaltnih zmesi na novem asfaltnem obratu. Najlepša hvala za pogovor. Mr Žiberna took a job with Cestno podjetje Kranj [Kranj Road Company] (CP Kranj for short) in 1977 as road construction technician but immediately began studying part-time, graduating from a short-cycle college in 1983 and later, in 2000, from the University of Maribor. In CP Kranj he performed various functions, eventually becoming site manager. His inservice training qualifications include protection of workers’ health and safety, and fire safety. He worked in the field until 2002 when he was promoted to the position of the Assistant to the Director and finally to Director of CP Kranj in 2004. As March draws to a close, the contours of the year’s construction season become discernible. How do you see the current year and how would you assess your performance as Director? I would say I have done rather well in my position. During the last two or three years we have found ourselves working in the environment we had never experienced before. Construction companies are dropping like flies as the government keeps reducing investment funds; to make matters worse, a bank crisis, liquidity difficulties, influx of foreign companies and politically motivated contractor selection processes have brought Slovenia’s domestic construction industry to its knees. Low prices and claim write-offs as consequences of planned compulsory compositions and bankruptcies are dictating a tough fight in the Slovenian construction market which only the fittest can survive. Nevertheless, we have managed to secure enough projects to be able to start the 2012 season. We are still counting on some additional projects and hope to wrap up this year better than the last. The number of our employees will fluctuate depending on obtained projects. from assembly to Assembly 19 BRANKO ŽIBERNA, DIRECTOR GGD Your company has recently been reorganised into several affiliated companies, and some time ago you broadened your scope of activities. How do you assess these moves now, after some time has passed? Not long ago, we took our first steps in building construction with Gradbeno podjetje Tržič [Tržič Construction Company]. Last year we separated our civil engineering construction sector, under the name of CP Kranj, d. o. o. [Kranj Road Company, Ltd.], from the parent company of CP Kranj, d. d. [Kranj Road Company, PLC], which we renamed, in turn, Gorenjska gradbena družba, d. d. [Gorenjska Construction Company, PLC]. With this new organisation we definitely reached the goals we had set for ourselves, be it in the human resources, commercial, financial, or construction execution sense. Despite the overwhelming stagnation of construction works in Slovenia we managed to succeed, owing to increased sales of concrete (approximately 60,000 m3 per year) and other construction materials. The parent company produces all the required materials for the needs of civil engineering and building construction execution. We own quarries, a gravel pit, a building waste disposal site, and modern concrete and asphalt plants, in which we produce high quality materials. Quality control is performed in our own laboratories. Still, you remain a company that mostly covers the civil engineering field, making road and communal construction, etc., your main preoccupation. But you have your sights set on the railway field as well. What is your view on the future of infrastructure construction in Slovenia? What is the reason for the current slump? While it is true that we do most of our work in the field of civil engineering, this is not to say that we neglect building construction; on the contrary, our goal is to strengthen our involvement in the field and achieve a greater market share. Given the decrease of investment through the national budget we have tried to look and expand elsewhere. We have employed additional quality personnel and acquired special equipment for motor 20 from assembly to Assembly way maintenance, recycling of pavements and bridge construction. This is one of the factors which contribute to our growing turnover, year by year, in spite of the times. We have also been tendering in environmental protection projects, some of which we have acquired, and some unfairly lost – in my opinion, at least. Even when the politically motivated selection of contractors gets its comeuppance, it will be too little too late. A similar, if not worse situation is found in the railway field. All Slovenian companies have to team up with foreign partners when tendering as we do not possess the required references. Subcontractors chosen tend to be, despite highest costs, small scale engineering under takings with no adequate personnel and no material basis – why and in whose honour? We might find out later. All aside, expanding one’s knowledge and capabilities is essential for survival and progress in the construction industry. The slump we are experiencing is due to lack of funds and ideas how to emerge from the crisis. We will not be out of work anytime soon, because the construction industry in Slovenia is, compared with some other parts of the world, still in its infancy. This is also the main reason why we persist. I am convinced that the industry in Slovenia will continue to develop, edging ever closer to the most developed countries in Europe. Your company is the leader in asphalt mixture production in the Gorenjska region. You possess valuable tradition and knowhow. You are also the first manufacturer of eruptive rock in Slovenia. Is this the main reason for a new asphalt plant and a change of location? Reasons for moving the existing asphalt plant from Naklo to the new location are manifold, the most important ones being: technological advancement, particularly in terms of reuse of reclaimed asphalt, a rationalisation of energy sources in the production process, environmentally friendlier production, safety and health concerns for everyone involved in the process of manufacture and casting of asphalt mixtures, a more convenient location in terms of existing road infrastructure and shorter transport routes for input materials, and not least the desire of the local community. This will also put us in a better competitive position in the field of asphalt mixture production. What are your expectations for the new plant and location? As the only manufacturer of asphalt mixtures in the region we have always kept an eye on new developments in the asphalt paving industry. In the current asphalt mixture production plant we have been using a system of adding recycled asphalt by indirect heating procedure, developed on home soil. Another step forward will be the construction of a new asphalt plant, as we will become the first in Slovenia to introduce reuse of asphalt mixtures by the procedure of heating of added crumb rubber separately from the aggregate. Your company, Gorenjska gradbena družba, is an important member of ZAS. What are your expectations of the Association and where would you say there was room for improvement on the present state of collaboration? Our company has collaborated with the Slovenian Asphalt Pavement Association ever since its foundation (then as Asphalt Pavement Society) in 1996. Thus far we have mostly collaborated on education/training sessions organised by ZAS. In the future we see a possibility of joining forces with the Association mainly in terms of introduction of new technologies of asphalt mixture production in our new asphalt plant. Thank you very much for your time. PRIMOŽ PETRIČ, LASTNIK IN DIREKTOR MAPRI D.O.O. Intervju s Primožem Petričem nih in zmožnostmi pridobivanja posla. Vložek v širitev je ves čas uravnotežen s kapitalom za varno in stabilno poslovanje. Uspeh podjetja pripisujem delavnosti, profesionalnemu pristopu, vztrajnosti ipd. Ne nazadnje je to plod kolektiva, nekateri prvi zaposleni so še vedno v mojem podjetju. Zagotovo pa moj neuspeh ali sploh neobstoj ne bi nič vplival na propadanje številnih gradbenih podjetij. V tej situaciji propadanja gradbenih družb smo in bomo vzor, motivacija ostalim, ki se s to panogo že srečujejo ali se bodo dela šele lotili. Prosim za vašo kratko uvodno predstavitev (kdo ste, od kod prihajate ...). propadanju številnih gradbenih firm v Sloveniji? Na zadnjem sestanku OPD (Odbora podjetij in družb ZAS) na Bledu, novembra 2011, ste bili absolutno proti reševanju podjetij s pomočjo države. Ali še vedno zastopate takšno stališče in zakaj? Rodil sem se leta 1971 v Ljubljani, v času, za katerega predvidevam, da je bil najlepši del življenja mojih staršev, ki so optimistično s še tretjim sinom razmišljali: »Samo še poštenja in delati jih navadim, pa so preskrbljeni!«. Pri Turjaku je vasica Mali Ločnik, kjer živim že od rojstva. Tu nameravam ostati, ker želim zemljo, ki so jo pred mano iz roda v rod dedovali moji predniki, uspešno predati svojim otrokom. Upam, da bodo lahko odrasli v delavne in odgovorne ljudi. S svojo prvo zaposlitvijo v Gradisu, po končani srednji šoli, sem vstopil v svet gradbeništva. V sredini osemdesetih let sem bil prepričan, da je Gradis s 45letno tradicijo zaposlitev do pokojnine. V letih dela v Gradisu sem pridobil ogromno izkušenj, delovnim izkušnjam pa so se pridružile opazke nepoštenja na vseh nivojih firme in dopuščanje nepoštenja tudi drugim, ki so bili potrebni za podporo nepoštenemu delu. Želja po spremembi delovnega okolja, po možnosti uspeha in ustvarjanja, me je vodila do nove zaposlitve. Tako sem se po posredovanju prijatelja znašel na asfaltu, kjer sem še danes, od leta 2004 pa v svojem podjetju Mapri d. o. o. Od ustanovitve naprej podjetje konstantno in nadzorovano raste, saj je rast sorazmerna z zmožnostjo zaposle- Sem proti podarjanju pomoči države, ki nedvomno v večini ne prispe na želeno oziroma pomoči potrebno mesto. Vsi mi bi si morali prenehati zatiskati oči in reči bobu bob! Ampak kaj, ko je v nas ukoreninjena previdnost in nikoli ne vemo, kdaj si bomo z kakšno odločitvijo naredili škodo ali pa ne bomo deležni nagrade. Ta neodločnost omogoča mogotcem orati vsepovsod brez omejitev! Še vedno sem proti reševanju na tak način. Kot vidimo, je in bo ogromno posameznikov izkoristilo sistem za osebno okoriščanje. Upam, da v teh težkih razmerah zberemo pogum in preprečimo nadaljevanje izkoriščanja in izčrpavanja podjetij v privatni in državni lasti kot tudi organizacij, ki skrbijo za porabo sredstev. Ravno to je tudi razlog za stanje, v katerem smo se znašli. Sam Prihajate iz manjšega družinskega podjetja, ki ste ga ustanovili pred 9 leti. Rdeča nit vašega poslovanja so dobri rezultati in hitra rast. Čemu pripisujete tak uspeh ob hkratnem od skupščine do Skupščine 21 PRIMOŽ PETRIČ, LASTNIK IN DIREKTOR MAPRI D.O.O. sem pripravljen aktivno sodelovati z vsemi sredstvi in dejanji, če smo v naši družbi sposobni postaviti vrednote na pravo mesto. Propad družb je bil pričakovan, ne razumem pa, da ni možno kaznovati odgovorne za takšno stanje. Vaša pretežna dejavnost so nizke gradnje. Ali razmišljate tudi o vstopu na druga področja? Naša pretežna dejavnost so nizke gradnje, posebno pozornost posvečamo asfaltu. Smo dobro opremljeno podjetje za opravljanje asfaltne dejavnosti z izkušenim usposobljenim kadrom. Asfaltiranje je sezonske narave, zato svojo dejavnost nameravamo širiti na področje letno-zimskega vzdrževanja. Pripravljeni smo vstopiti na zahtevnejše objekte za naročnika DARS, saj smo se v zadnjih letih dodatno kadrovsko-tehnično opremili ter smo v stanju kvalitetno opraviti tudi najbolj zahtevna dela na avtocestah. Ste solastnik asfaltnega obrata v Ježcah pri Ivančni Gorici in se širite tudi na druga področja. Nam lahko zaupate, kam? V Ježcah imam skupaj z dvema partnerjema asfaltni obrat, ki proizvede do 90 ton asfaltnih zmesi na uro. Proizvajamo vse vrste asfaltov. S partnerstvom smo si zagotovili prostor, surovine, znanje za kvalitetno proizvodnjo in obratovanje ter prodajo, komercialo in lastno vgradnjo. Partnerstvo in nesebičnost je bilo ključ do uspeha asfaltnega obrata. Sam skrbim za odvzem in vgradnjo asfalta. S svojimi tremi asfaltnimi skupinami smo prisotni v širši regiji. Izvajamo projekte za DRSC, Direkcijo RS za ceste, občine, ostale javne ustanove, veliko smo prisotni kot podizvajalci ostalim gradbenim podjetjem, inženiringom, pridobimo pa tudi veliko neposrednih zasebnih naročil. Kaj pričakujete od novega obrata in dodatne lokacije? V letošnjem letu smo v upravljanje pridobili asfaltni obrat Smodinovec. Razlog za to širitev je, da v sezoni nismo uspeli zagotoviti dovolj velike proizvodne zmogljivosti asfaltov. Večino asfaltov vgradimo v centralni Sloveniji 22 od skupščine do Skupščine pa tudi na Gorenjskem, za kar je obrat v Ježcah razmeroma oddaljen. Predvsem pa se želimo s to pridobitvijo uvrstiti v program DARS-a. Tovarna asfalta Smodinovec je na ugodni lokaciji v Ljubljani, je dostopna in omogoča visoko kakovost proizvodnje asfaltnih zmesi. S pristopom vaše družbe v najvišjo raven sodelovanja z združenjem ZAS ste nakazali vaše ambicije. Do kam lahko sežete? V ZAS sem se včlanil po priporočilu svojega partnerja in prijatelja Aleksandra Kersteina. Njegove nasvete cenim, upoštevam, saj so plod izkušenj. V ZASu je tudi sam zelo dejaven in s svojo strokovnostjo zagotovo veliko doprinese ZAS-u, kot tudi dejavnosti sami. S svojim prestopom na najvišjo raven želim v ZASu predstavljati podjetnika, ki se razlikuje od ostalih podjetij v panogi, s svojim obsegom del pa se uvrščamo med podjetja, v katerih morajo biti kakovost, razvoj in skrb za okolje prioritetnega pomena. Za vse našteto pa je potrebna naša aktivnost v pridobivanju novih znanj in dobrih praks. S sodelovanjem na najvišjem nivoju bom svojemu podjetju zagotovil dostop do izkušenj strokovnjakov v ZAS-u. Mislim, da so neprecenljive izkušnje kolegov iz družb, ki so v preteklosti imele vodilno vlogo pri gradnji objektov, in ostalih strokovnjakov nepogrešljive pri našem delu. Menim, da je ZAS pravi naslov za prenos izkušenj domačih in tujih strokovnjakov. Kakšna so vaša pričakovanja do Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije v prihodnje? Ob vseh teh spremembah v gospodarstvu in asfalterski panogi je ZAS nujen za ohranjanje nivoja kvalitete in razvoja panoge pri nas, kar sem že omenil. Pogrešam pa podporo, vpliv Obrtne in Gospodarske zbornice in drugih institucij, ki bi poskrbele za nemoteno poslovanje družb, ne samo s kriterijem tehnologije, ampak tudi kriterijem korektnosti, plačilne discipline, sprejemljivega nivoja cen itd., za kar izvajalci velikokrat ne najdemo prave rešitve. ZAS ima s svojim dosedanjim delom upravičeno ugled, zato menim, da lahko s svojim vplivom sodeluje pri iskanju rešitev in vzpostavitvi reda na tem področju. Najlepša hvala za pogovor! Interview with Primož Petrič, owner and director of Mapri Ltd. Mr Petrič, could you please introduce yourself, tell us more about who you are, where you come form? I was born in 1971 in Ljubljana, in a time I suppose was the most beautiful in the life of my parents, who, having had their third son, must have thought to themselves optimistically: “We only need to raise them into honest workers, and they’ll be set!” There is a hamlet near Turjak called Mali Ločnik, where I’ve lived since I was born. I intend to stay and pass on the land that has been in our family for generations to my children. I hope they can grow up into hardworking and responsible individuals. Yours is a small-scale family company, which you set up 9 years ago. You have experienced good results and fast growth throughout this time. To what do you attribute such success in a time when many construction companies in Slovenia are failing? I entered the construction industry with my first job at Gradis immediately after graduating high school. In the mid1980’s I was convinced that the company’s 45-year-long tradition would guarantee a lifetime employment. In the years I worked for Gradis I gained a wealth of experience, but this was joined by observations of dishonesty in all levels of the company and of condoning such disposition of others needed for support of foul play. A desire for a different working environment, for potential success and creative work, led me to a new employment. A friend’s intervention brought me to asphalt, the industry where I’m still working today, having started my own company, Mapri Ltd., in 2004. Since its establishment the company has experienced a continued, constant but controlled growth, proportional to the capabilities of the PRIMOŽ PETRIČ, OWNER AND DIRECTOR OF MAPRI LTD. employees and our ability to secure work contracts. Contribution to expansion of the company is at all times commensurate with the capital in order to achieve safe and stable business activity. I attribute the success of he company to diligence, a professional approach, persistence, and similar qualities that we posses. Not least, it is the result of our personnel – some of our employees have been with me ever since the very beginning. It is certain, however, that my own failure or even nonexistence would have no effect whatsoever on deterioration of so many construction companies. In this disastrous situation we are and will remain an example and a motivation to all who are or will be involved in the industry. At the latest meeting of the ZAS Companies Committee in Bled in November 2011 you were adamantly against government’s help in saving companies. Do you still subscribe to this position now and why? I am against the government’s donating help because most of it will undoubtedly not reach its intended recipient. We should all finally look the truth in the eye and call a spade a spade! Instead we are being held back by cautiousness rooted in all of us. We never know when a decision might hurt us or deprave us of our prize. Such indecisiveness enables tycoons to plough anywhere at will! I am still opposed to this kind of solution. As can already be seen, a large number of individuals do and will abuse this system for personal gains. I hope we’ll be able to gather enough courage in these difficult circumstances to stem the ongoing exploitation and depletion of both private and state-owned companies as well as organisations that are in charge of distribution of funds. This is precisely the reason for the present condition. I myself am prepared to actively participate by any means and actions necessary, if our society can support the right values. The failure of companies was expected, but what I don’t understand is why the perpetrators cannot be punished. You are predominantly active in the field of civil engineering. Do you happen to have your sights set on any other areas? Our main concerns have been devoted to the field of civil engineering, especially asphalt. We are a well equipped company for execution of asphalt works, employing experienced expert staff. Asphalt paving is a seasonal activity, which is why we plan on expanding into the field of summer/winter maintenance. We are prepared to take on more demanding work for DARS, having over the past few years acquired additional personnel and technical capabilities, which puts us in a position of being able to perform quality work even in the most demanding motorway tasks. You co-own an asphalt plant in Ježce near Ivančna Gorica and are expanding into other fields as well. Can you tell us more about that? Myself and two partners are co-owners of an asphalt plant which produces up to 90 tonnes of asphalt mixtures per hour. We produce all kinds of asphalts. The partnership has provided the location, raw materials, knowledge of quality production and operation, as well as sales and casting. Partnership and reciprocity have been key to the success of our plant. I myself am in charge of transportation and casting of asphalt. With our three asphalt groups we are present in the wider region. We execute projects for DRSC, Slovenian Roads Agency, various municipalities and other public institutions, and we serve as subcontractors to other construction and engineering companies, while also obtaining many direct private service contracts. What are your expectations of the new plant and the additional location? This year we have taken in charge a new asphalt plant, in Smodinovec. The reason for this acquisition is that we had not been able to ensure a large enough asphalt production capacity. We cast most of our asphalts in central Slovenia, as well as in the Gorenjska region, for which the Ježce plant is relatively far away. But above all we hope this acquisition will help us qualify for the DARS programme. The Smodinovec asphalt plant is located rather favourably, in Ljubljana, it is easily accessible, and enables a high quality of asphalt mixture production. With the ascension to the highest level of collaboration with ZAS you have shown your ambition. What is the limit to your reach? I joined ZAS on the recommendation of my partner and friend Aleksander Kerstein. I value and respect his advice because it is based on experience. He is himself very active within ZAS and contributes greatly to the Association as well as the industry with his expertise. With my ascension to the highest level I wish to represent entrepreneurs different form others in their industry; my company’s scope of work places it among companies in which quality, development, and environmental concerns are the highest of priorities. All of this requires our activity in acquisition of new knowledge and good practices. Collaboration at the highest level will provide my company with access to experience of experts affiliated with ZAS. I think that the valuable experience of our industry colleagues from companies which had a leading role in building construction in the past, as well as other experts, is indispensable in our line of work. My opinion is that ZAS is the right address for exchange of information among domestic and international industry experts. What do you expect from ZAS in the future? With all the changes in the economy and the asphalt paving industry, ZAS plays an essential role in maintaining the level of quality and development of the industry in Slovenia, as I have already mentioned. What I do miss is support, influence of the Chamber of Craft and Small Business, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Slovenia, and other institutions which would assure uninterrupted operation of the companies, not only by laying out criteria of technology, but also of correct conduct, payment discipline, acceptable price levels etc., for which we manufacturers often cannot find a right solution. ZAS has been held in deservedly high esteem based on their work so far, which is why I think the Association can with its influence contribute in finding solutions and establishing order in this area. Thank you very much for your time. from assembly to Assembly 23 PROF. DR. JANEZ ŽMAVC Prof. dr. Janez Žmavc – osemdesetletnik Po tem se je začela enakomerno se vzpenjajoča kariera, ki je bila praktično v celotnem obdobju posvečena strokovnemu delu. Leta 1960 se je Janez Žmavc zaposlil pri takratni Upravi za ceste RS, v tehnični sekciji v Celju, predhodniku današnjega CM Celje, kjer je do leta 1965 opravljal funkcijo tehničnega direktorja. Nato je prišla selitev v Ljubljano, kjer je bil naslednjih 9 let, do leta 1974, zaposlen v Oddelku za ceste pri Zavodu za raziskavo materialov in konstrukcij. Malo je strokovnjakov, ki bi se lahko izkazali s tako pomembnim prispevkom k razvoju slovenske cestne in prometne stroke kot Janez Žmavc. Ob tem Slovenija z doseženim na področju cestarije v primerjavi z najbolj razvitimi državami že dolgo ni več na obrobju. Dosegli smo zavidljiv razvoj ter napredek, in to skoraj izključno z lastnim znanjem in tudi lastnimi sredstvi. Zasluga Janeza Žmavca pri tem je neizmerljiva. Janez Žmavc se je rodil 7. maja 1932 v Gornjem Gradu, kjer je tudi obiskoval osnovno šolo, do leta 1942, ko je bil kot eden od številnih v tem delu Slovenije ugrabljenih otrok odpeljan na prisilno delo in prevzgojo v Nemčijo. Grenka izkušnja – še posebej pa izguba matere – je zaznamovala življenje Janeza Žmavca in ga utrdila kot izjemno skromnega, delovnega in poštenega človeka. Po vrnitvi v Slovenijo jeseni leta '45 se je vpisal v gimnazijo v Celju in leta 1951 na Fakulteto za gradbeništvo v Ljubljani, kjer je leta 1959 diplomiral. 24 od skupščine do Skupščine V tem času se je približno 1 leto izpopolnjeval na številnih priznanih inštitutih v skandinavskih državah, Nemčiji, Švici, Belgiji in na Nizozemskem in študiral na podiplomskem študiju v Ljubljani, kar mu je omogočilo, da je leta 1979 uspešno zagovarjal doktorsko diser tacijo z naslovom Kriteriji za kvantitativno vrednotenje karakterističnih lastnosti sodobnih vozišč. Leta 1980 je bil izvoljen v izrednega profesorja in leta 1985 v rednega profesorja za predmet Gradnja cest, pri čemer je predaval ta predmet z manjšimi modifikacijami nenehno od leta 1975 do 2010. Posledica tega izrednega angažmaja in sposobnosti so izdana dela prof. Janeza Žmavca, ki jih bom zaradi izjemnega števila navedel samo telegrafsko, in sicer: • 113 člankov in objavljenih referatov • 69 predstavljenih referatov • 53 publikacij, pri čemer jih je 13 pomembnejših • 12 raziskovalnih del in nalog • 50 strokovnih elaboratov • 4 trajne strokovne aktivnosti in • izdelava ali sodelovanje pri 33 izdajah tehničnih specifikacij za ceste. Poleg visokega strokovnega nivoja izdanih del je izjemno pomembna tudi skrb prof. Žmavca za lepo slovensko besedo, za lep slovenski jezik. Izdaja Terminološkega slovarja za izraze, ki jih uporabljamo pri gradnji cest, je zato neprecenljive vrednosti. V zadnjih letih je praktično v nezmanjšanem obsegu kot svetovalec sodeloval pri projektih DRI upravljanje investicij, sodeloval je pri recenzijah in revizijah in pri razvoju tehnične regulative. Najpomembnejši deli sta učbenika Voziščne konstrukcije (2005) in Vzdrževanje cest (2011), ki sta neprecenljiv pripomoček za šolo in prakso. V zadnjem letu se je izkazal s svojim prispevkom pri izdelavi tehničnih smernic za Republiko Srbijo, ki jih izdeluje družba DRI. Prof. dr. Janez Žmavc kot mentor še vedno sodeluje pri predavanjih iz predmeta Gradnja cest na Fakulteti za gradbeništvo v Ljubljani. Na področju asfalta so zadnja dela, kjer je sodeloval: Priročnik za asfalterje (2009), Tehnične specifikacije za zmanjšanje hrupa (2010) in knjiga Asfalt 2, ki je izšla lani (2011) ob 15. obletnici Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije. Prof. dr. Janez Žmavc, želimo vam še obilo strokovnih in športnih užitkov in neskončno veliko zdravja. Vse najboljše za vaših 80 let. Slovenko Henigman in slovenski asfalterji PROF. DR. JANEZ ŽMAVC Eighty years of Prof Dr Janez Žmavc Among experts who have contributed to the development of the Slovenian road infrastructure and traffic management industry few can hold a candle to Prof Dr Janez Žmavc. Developments in the field in Slovenia have long been able to stand comparison with the most highly developed countries across the globe. We have reached a stage of enviable development and progress almost exclusively with our own knowhow and assets. Prof Dr Žmavc’s contribution to all this is immeasurable. Janez Žmavc was born on 7 May 1932 in the town of Gornji Grad, where he attended primary school until 1942, when he became one among numerous children from that part of Slovenia to be abducted and sent to forced labour and re-education in Germany. This bitter experience, aggravated by the loss of his mother, marked the life of Janez Žmavc, moulding him into a strong but modest, hardworking, and honest man. After returning to Slovenia in the autumn of 1945, he enrolled to the secondary school in Celje [Gimnazija Celje] and in 1951 to the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Ljubljana, graduating in 1959. Following the graduation a steadily rising career began, dedicated primarily to professional work. In 1960 Mr Žmavc took a job with what was then Road Management Authority of the Republic of Slovenia [Republiška uprava za ceste], in its technical section in Celje, the predecessor of today’s CM Celje, where he served as Technical Director until 1965. After a move to Ljubljana, where he spent his next nine years, until 1974, he worked at the Building and Civil Engineering Institute ZRMK's Road Department. During this time he spent about a year perfecting his knowledge at several renowned institutes in Scandinavia, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, and the Netherlands, and studied at the postgraduate level in Ljubljana, where he successfully defended his doctoral thesis, entitled Criteria for quantitative evaluation of characteristics of modern pavements, in 1979. In 1980 he was elected associate professor and in 1985 full professor of Road Construction, a position he has held, with minor changes to the course, from 1975 to 2010. The result of his extraordinary efforts and abilities are Prof Žmavc’s published works, which I will give in shorthand due to their overwhelming quantity: • 113 published articles and papers, • 69 paper presentations, • 53 publications, among them 13 major, • 12 research studies, • 50 expert analyses, • 4 permanent professional activities, and • creation or collaboration in creation of 33 separate issues of technical specifications for roads. Besides a high level of expertise in the published works, what is also noteworthy is Prof Žmavc’s care for, and sensitivity to, language. The publication of a specialised dictionary of road construction terms is therefore of immense value. In recent years he has been working unrelentingly as consultant in DRI Investment Management projects, and has collaborated in revision and development of technical regulations. His most important contributions are textbooks entitled Pavements [Voziščne konstrukcije, 2005] and Road Maintenance [Vzdrževanje cest, 2011], which are invaluable tools for schools and practice. Prof Dr Janez Žmavc still collaborates in lectures in Road Construction at the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Ljubljana as mentor. The latest works in the field of asphalt he worked on are Asphalt Paving Reference Book [Priročnik za asfalterje, 2009], Technical Specifications for Noise Reduction [Tehnične specifikacije za zmanjšanje hrupa, 2010] and Asfalt 2, published last year (2011) to mark the 15th anniversary of ZAS. Prof Dr Janez Žmavc, we wish you many more joyous moments in your professional and sporting endeavours, and plenty of health. A happy 80th birthday from all of us. Slovenko Henigman on behalf the Slovenian asphalt industry from assembly to Assembly 25 STROKOVNI PRISPEVKI Strokovni prispevki ODDAJA OBNOVITVENIH ASFALTERSKIH DEL PO KRITERIJIH TRAJNOSTNE GRADNJE Marko Gardaševič, DRI upravljanje investicij, d.o.o. Matic Poznič, DARS d.d. Zvonko Cotič, Primorje d.d. Povzetek Potrebe po energiji in odvisnost od naravnih virov se iz dneva v dan povečujejo. Ker je gradbeništvo panoga, kjer so potrebe po energiji in naravnih virih velike, je nujno pristopiti k uporabi recikliranih in alternativnih virov materialov. Tako se doseže koristnost, učinkovitost ter trajna neškodljivost s čimer sledimo pogojem trajnostne gradnje. Za dosego navedenega so predlagana merila in pogoji pri oddaji obnovitvenih asfalterskih del, ki bodo sledila ekonomičnosti gradnje in uporabe obnovljenega objekta skozi njegovo celotno življenjsko dobo po kriterijih trajnostne gradnje. 1. Uvod Potrebe po energiji in odvisnost od naravnih virov nas dnevno postavlja pred nove izzive. Zato se v gradbeništvu vse pogosteje pojavlja težnja po trajnostni gradnji, za katero je potrebno imeti pred očmi tri ključne stvari: koristnost, učinkovitost in trajno neškodljivost. Le tako lahko sledimo načelu skrbnega ravnanja z okoljem in ohranjanja naravnih virov ter načelu ekonomičnosti gradnje in uporabe zgrajenega objekta skozi njegovo življenjsko dobo. Da bi sledili ciljem, je Vlada Republike Slovenije 21.5.2009 sprejela Akcijski načrt za zeleno javno naročanje, ki sledi smernicam in pričakovanjem Evropske komisije v zvezi z naročanjem okolju prijaznega blaga, storitev in gradenj, nato pa še Uredbo o zelenem javnem naročanju, ki se je pričela uporabljati 13.3.2012. Tako so nastali tudi prvi pogoji in merila za trajnejšo gradnjo na področju oddaje obnovitvenih asfalterskih del. Pri oblikovanju omenjenih pogojev in meril pa je posebno pozornost potrebno posvetiti razvoju kriterijev za trajnostno gradnjo, s katerimi lahko dokazujemo okoljsko prijaznost in ekonomsko učinkovitost. 26 od skupščine do Skupščine 2. Namen Upad gospodarske aktivnosti je v Sloveniji najbolj prizadel področje gradbeništva, zaradi česar se je trg gradbenih storitev popolnoma porušil. Zaradi pomanjkanja dela so ponudbene cene pričele padati vse do nivoja, ko za določen proizvod ponujena cena komaj pokrije stroške materiala ali pa jih niti v celoti ne pokrije. V fazi izvedbe so se zaradi ponujenih nizkih cen pričele pojavljati težave v kakovosti gradbenih izdelkov. Sistem notranje in zunanje kontrole kakovosti pri tem ni odpovedal, pač pa je dokazal svojo učinkovitost. Zaradi kratkih izvedbenih rokov na obnovitvenih delih ter zaradi pomanjkanja finančnih sredstev gradbenih podjetij so le-ta dobavljala materiale v proizvodnjo »satelitsko«, kar pomeni, da gredo direktno iz transportnega sredstva v proizvodnjo. To pa pripelje do pomanjkanja časa, potrebnega za pridobitev rezultatov preiskav kontrole kakovosti. Opisane težave vplivajo posredno tudi na uporabnike, saj je kakovostna infrastruktura v interesu vseh. Za trajnostno gradnjo morajo biti izpolnjeni naslednji trije kriteriji: okoljska prijaznost, ekonomska učinkovitost ter družbena sprejemljivost. Poglavitni cilj oddaje obnovitvenih asfalterskih del po kriterijih trajnostne gradnje je tako vzpostavitev tržnih cen ter izpolnitev zahtevane kakovosti in omogočanje nadaljnjega razvoja tehnologij in s tem vzpostavitev konkurenčnosti domačih podjetij z evropskimi. 3. Pogoji in merila za oddajo najzahtevnejših obnovitvenih del V prvem koraku so se za rešitev navedenega problema oblikovala merila in pogoji za oddajo obnovitvenih asfalterskih del po kriterijih trajnostne gradnje. Pri določevanju omenjenih pogojev in kriterijev je bilo pomembno določiti ne samo mejo med njima, ampak je bilo potrebno predvsem določiti smiselne zahteve, da bi dobili najboljši učinek, s tem pa še vedno omogočili zdravo konkurenco. STROKOVNI PRISPEVKI Pogoji Poleg ostalih formalnih in zakonsko predpisanih zahtev smo se v tem delu osredotočili bolj na tehnični del pogojev. Tehnični pogoji tako določajo minimalne zahteve, ki jih morajo ponudniki izpolniti in se od projekta do projekta spreminjajo oz. proporcionalno sledijo razpisanemu projektu. Pogoji so oblikovani tako, da istočasno sledijo zahtevam zadnjega ZJN – 2; a. Zahtevana je projektu enakovredna referenca ponudnika, ki je oblikovana skladno z razpisano vrsto del in je istočasno določena tudi vrednostno. b. Zahtevana je minimalna oprema, s katero mora izvajalec razpolagati, da bi izpolnil razpisano naročilo: i. Glavna zahtevana oprema je rezkar širine vsaj 1,90 m, finišer širine 8,30 m s fiksno vgrajeno ploščo (v primeru najzahtevnejših del na avtocestah, letališčih in glavnih cestah, sicer je oprema lahko tudi nekoliko manjše zmogljivosti), brizgalni stroj z elektronskim vodenjem pobrizga in registratorjem količine pobrizga, ii. Novost pri pogojih za opremo je zahteva po asfaltnem obratu z nazivno kapaciteto 160 t/uro z veljavnim okoljskim dovoljenjem, iii.Za zagotavljanje ustrezne kakovosti se doda zahteva za notranjo kontrolo, za katero mora izvajalec imeti vsaj 5 let delovnih izkušenj na področju izvajanja notranje ali zunanje kontrole kakovosti pri proizvodnji in vgrajevanju asfaltnih zmesi, c. Ponudnik mora razpolagati s tehničnim osebjem oz. strokovnimi kadri, ki bodo sodelovali pri izvedbi naročila in so odgovorni za izvedbo razpisanih del in sicer: i. Odgovorni vodja del mora biti oseba, ki izpolnjuje pogoje za odgovornega vodjo del v skladu z drugim odstavkom 77. člena Zakona o graditvi objektov - ZGO-1 (Ur. l. RS, št. 110/02 in spremembe) ob upoštevanju določil Pravilnika o obliki in vsebini ter o načinu vodenja imenika Zbornice za arhitekturo in prostor Slovenije in Inženirske zbornice Slovenije (Ur. l. RS, št. 123/03, 56/05 in 108/09). ii. Odgovorni vodja del mora imeti vsaj eno referenco v zadnjih 3 letih kot odgovorni vodja del pri novogradnji ali obnovah AC, HC ali glavnih cest v enakem obsegu (navedba glavnih projektov). d. Pismo o nameri, iz katerega morajo biti razvidni predvideni viri za nabavo asfaltnih zmesi, skladno z zahtevami predmetnega javnega naročila. S pismom o nameri za dobavo asfaltnih zmesi je moč določiti tudi transportne poti, ki so podrobneje opisane v merilih. Merila Merilo za izbiro ponudbe je ekonomsko najugodnejša ponudba. Ekonomsko najugodnejšo ponudbo se izbere na podlagi točkovanja po merilih in sicer; a. Ponudbene cene, ki je določena s pomočjo enačbe. Predlagani so trije tipi enačbe: i. Prva enačba deluje tako, da točke linearno razdeli med najcenejšo ponudbo (ta dobi vse razpoložljive točke) ter limitirano ceno. Pomanjkljivost je, da je razlika odvisna od oddaljenosti najcenejše ponudbe od limitirane cene, kar v praksi pomeni, da v primeru, ko je najcenejša ponudba zelo blizu limitirane cene, že majhna razlika v ceni prinese velike spremembe v dodeljenih točkah. Enačba ne omogoča, da si ponudnik vnaprej izračuna dobljeno število točk. C lim Ci ) * 25 Pc 65 ( C lim C min ii. Druga enačba je oblika krožnice, ki je bila zasnovana z namenom zmanjšanja vpliva dampinških cen. Podobno kot predhodna enačba je razmerje med razliko v ceni ter dodeljenimi točkami odvisno od oddaljenosti od limitirane cene, vendar pa je odvisnost bistveno manjša. V primeru, da je najcenejša ponudba zelo pod limitirano ceno, se krožnica obnaša podobno kot predlagana formula, v primeru, da pa je najcenejša ponudba blizu limitirane cene, pa krožnici manj upoštevata razlike v ceni ponudb. Dodatna prednost krožnice je, da si ponudnik lahko doseženo število točk izračuna vnaprej, saj izračun ni odvisen od ostalih ponudb. 2 C 60 1 0,6 §¨ Ci ·¸ ¨C ¸ © lim ¹ iii.Tretji predlog je izračun, ki ni odvisen od limitirane cene. Razlika dodeljenih točk je vedno odvisna le od razlike med posameznimi ponudbami. Razmerje med spremembo cene in spremembo dodeljenih točk je večje kot pri ostalih enačbah, razmerje pa je mogoče korigirati po potrebi. Enačba ne omogoča, da si ponudnik vnaprej izračuna dobljeno število točk. Pc 60 * C min Ci b. Roka izvedbe del, ki je v razpisni dokumentaciji omejen na najkrajšega ter najdaljšega. Število točk je odvisno od ponujenega ter limitiranega najkrajšega in limitiranega najdaljšega roka, c. Pomembno vlogo z okoljskega vidika igra oddaljenost težiščne točke gradbišča od asfaltnega obrata. Skladno s PTP-ji (Posebnimi tehničnimi pogoji) je ta omejena na 70 km in predstavlja najdaljšo še dopustno transportno razdaljo. Krajše razdalje tako ponudniku prinesejo dodatno prednost. d. Dodatno prednost imajo podjetja, ki spodbujajo tehnično operativno izobraževanje svojega redno zaposlenega kadra. Točkuje se udeležba za posamezno leto v zadnjih treh letih, ki so bila izvedena s strani proizvajalcev asfaltne opreme ali stanovskih asfalterskih združenj. e. Okoljski certifikat dodatno spodbuja skrbno ravnanje z okoljem. Tako ima ponudnik, ki ima pridobljen okoljski certifikat ISO 14001 (ali enakovredno), prednost pred ostalimi, ki nimajo pridobljenega certifikata. V sklopu certifikatov je podan tudi predlog, da se ponudniku dodelijo dodatne točke za pridobljen certifikat s področja poklicnega zdravja in varnosti pri delu (OHSAS 18001 ali enakovredno). Podobno kot v predhodni točki le-ta predstavlja vlaganje v zaposlene. f. Dodatno se nagradi ponudnike, ki uporabljajo alternativne vire (kot je npr. žlindra) ali pa reciklirane materiale. Uporabijo se lahko materiali, za katere že obstaja regulativa. od skupščine do Skupščine 27 STROKOVNI PRISPEVKI Določitev ekonomsko najugodnejše ponudbe Skupno število doseženih točk se tako izračuna kot vsota posameznih pridobljenih točk navedenih v merilih. Ekonomsko najugodnejši je ponudnik, ki je dosegel največje število točk. V primeru, da dva ponudnika dosežeta enako največje število točk, se določijo nadaljnji kriteriji za določitev Ekonomsko najugodnejšega ponudnika (npr. krajši rok,...). 4. Zaključki Naslednji korak, ki je nujen za dosego cilja oddaje obnovitvenih asfalterskih del po načelu trajnostne gradnje in je v danem trenutku izvedljiv, je prenos navedenega v prakso. Da bi se navedena merila uporabljala za vsa obnovitvena dela, jih je potrebno vključiti v Uredbo o zelenem javnem naročanju. V nadaljevanju je nujno pripraviti regulativo, ki bo urejala širši nabor okolju prijaznih materialov in tehnologij na področju obnovitvenih del. Razmišljati je potrebno o nizkotemperaturnih asfaltih, alternativnih gorivih za pripravo asfaltnih zmesi in podobno. POROČILO O STROKOVNEM OBISKU IN OGLEDU PODJETJA HARSCO V VELIKI BRITANIJI OD 29. DO 31. MARCA 2012 Zvonko Cotič, dipl.inž.grad. Borut Willenpart, univ.dipl.inž.grad. Na pobudo podjetja HARSCO Minerali d.o.o. in ZAS, Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije je bilo s strani HARSCO Metals organizirano strokovno srečanje. Iz Slovenije smo se ga udeležili predstavniki inženirja DRI (Irena Fortuna), inštituta ZAG (Aleksander Ipavec), gradbenih izvajalcev (Borut Willenpart, Primož Petrič), HARSCO Minerali (Peter Kern) in Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije ZAS (Zvonko Cotič). Harsco Corporation Harsco Coorporation predstavlja v svetovnem merilu eno največjih združenj mednarodnih podjetij, ki se ukvarjajo z raznovrstnimi industrijskimi dejavnostmi in storitvami ter nudenjem inženirskih proizvodov, ki imajo ključno vlogo predvsem v jeklarski in železarski industriji. V zadnjih nekaj letih prodaja Harsco, ki deluje v preko 50 državah po svetu in zaposluje preko 22.000 uslužbencev, presega 3 milijarde $ dohodkov na letni ravni. Korporacijo Harsco sestavlja pet različnih divizij: Metals, Industrial, Infrastructure, Rail ter Minerals. Harsco Metals in SteelPhalt Angleško podjetje SteelPhalt, ki spada v divizijo Harsco Metals, se nahaja v mestu Rotherham in je bilo ustanovljeno leta 1965. Njihovi vodilni predstavniki so nam prvi dan podrobneje predstavili prednosti uporabe jeklarske žlindre v asfaltnih zmeseh, drugi dan pa smo si ogledali obrat za drobljenje in separiranje žlindre in asfaltni obrat za proizvodnjo asfaltnih zmesi iz žlinder ter nekatere odseke cest, kjer so zadnjih petnajst let uspešno uporabili žlindro v asfaltnih plasteh. SteelPhalt za različne vrste asfaltnih zmesi predeluje in uporablja jeklarsko žlindro s področja južnega Yorkshira. Mehansko-fizikalne lastnosti črne jeklarske žlindre so zelo podobne lastnostim uporabljenih slovenskih žlinder in sicer; • količnik odpornosti proti zglajevanju (EN 1097-8): PSV 62 • koeficient odpornosti proti drobljenju po postopku Los Angeles (EN 1097-2): LA 14 SteelPhalt veliko pozornost namenja razvoju inovativnih asfaltnih zmesi in plasti za specializirane namene uporabe, kot so: • SteelSurf (za najtežje industrijske prometne površine) • SteelPave (tankoslojni manj hrupni SMA) • SteelFlow (tankoslojna površinska prevleka) • SteelStop (visoko torno sposobna površinska prevleka za prometno nevarna območja križišč, krožišč, mestnih cest v urbanih naseljih in prehodov za pešče) • UltraGrip (tankoslojni manj hrupni SMA s PmB vezivom) Njihov trend razvoja obrabno-zapornih asfaltnih zmesi s PmB vezivom je v proizvodnji in vgrajevanju tanjših plasti do 20 mm, s čimer izkoriščajo tako dobre (visoka torna sposobnost) kot slabe (večja prostorninska masa) lastnosti črnih jeklarskih žlinder. Slika 1: Udeleženci obiska in ogleda HARSCO Metals v UK (iz leve proti desni; Zvonko Cotič, Irena Fortuna, Borut Willenpart, Aleksander Ipavec, Adam Dean, Peter Kern, Steve Finley, Primož Petrič, Dave Hepworth, Nick Jones, Dean Raynor) 28 od skupščine do Skupščine Slika 2: Primera inovativnih tankoslojnih manjhrupnih SMA STROKOVNI PRISPEVKI Pridobivanje žlindre, drobljenje in separiranje Žlindro iz jeklaren s področja južnega Yorkshira pridobivajo kot ostanek v elektroobločnih pečeh. V jeklarni žlindri odstranijo večje kose železa ter jo, ko je volumsko stabilna, s kamioni prepeljejo na deponije podjetja SteelPhalt ločeno kot črno oziroma belo jeklarsko žlindro. Letno predelajo 115.000 ton črne jeklarsko žlindre (Carbon Steel Slags) oznake EAF C in 50.000 ton bele žlindre (Stainless Steel Slags) oznake EAF S. Predelava (drobljenje in separiranje) poteka v obratu kapacitete 100 t/h oziroma do 1000 ton dnevno. Separirano jeklarsko žlindro prepeljejo na bližnji asfaltni obrat, kjer jo vso porabijo kot agregat za asfaltne zmesi. V sklopu podjetja SteelPhalt je tudi laboratorij za vhodno kontrolo materialov in notranjo kontrolo asfaltnih zmesi. Med drugim smo si ogledali napravo za preverjanje volumske stabilnosti po EN 1744-1. Pokazali so nam tudi primer deformacije asfalta v primeru, ko je v asfaltni plasti volumsko nestabilna žlindra z ekspanzijo 10%. Kontrolo proizvodnje asfaltnih zmesi, proizvedenih iz agregata žlindre, izvajajo skladno z EN 13108-21. Odseki cest z uporabljeno žlindro Tamkajšnja predstavnika njihove direkcije za ceste in lokalne skupnosti sta nam predstavila pozitivne izkušnje z uporabo žlindre v asfaltih plasteh. Skupaj s predstavniki SteelPhalta smo si ogledali sedem lokacij cestnih odsekov v bližini Rotherhama in Sheffielda, kjer je bila uporabljena žlindra kot agregat v asfaltnih plasteh. Videni odseki, ki so stari tudi 16 let, so brez poškodb. Vgrajeni SMA so proizvedeni s cestogradbenimi bitumni, medtem ko so inovativni asfalti proizvedeni s polimermodificiranim bitumnom. Ogledani odseki so izpostavljeni različnim prometnim obremenitvam, od zelo težkih do zelo lahkih. Klimatske obremenitve oziroma najvišje povprečne temperature v mesecu avgustu so 20,6 °C, rekordne 34,3 °C, najnižje povprečne temperature v mesecu januarju so 1,6 °C, rekordne pa -9,2 °C. Lokacija Slika 3: Obrat SteelPhalta za drobljenje in separiranje žlinder Proizvodnja asfaltnih zmesi iz žlindre Podjetje SteelPhalt proizvaja asfaltne zmesi na obratu Benninghoven kapacitete 240 t/h. Letno proizvedejo 300.000 ton različnih asfaltnih zmesi za različne namene uporabe. Podjetje nima skupine za vgrajevanje asfalta in ves proizveden asfalt proda ostalim podjetjem, specializiranim za vgrajevanje asfalta. Sam obrat je sodobno opremljen s 13 preddozatorji, od tega enim za rezkanec, cisternami za cestogradbeni in polimerni bitumen, silosom za celulozna vlakna… V preddozatorjih imajo tako črno jeklarsko žlindro za obrabnozaporne plasti kot belo jeklarsko žlindro za nosilne plasti vključno s peski. Nazivne frakcije so drugačne kot v Sloveniji in sicer velikosti maksimalnega zrna Dmax.: 6, 10, 14, 20 mm. Vrsta asf. zmesi Leto vgradnje max. zrno žlindre Canklow by-pass SMA 14mm 2008 Sheffield Parkway SMA 14mm 2007 Dovedale Road Blyth Road Maltby Swinton Wombwell Lane Hoyland Steelflow 6mm Ultragrip 10mm HFS 6 mm SMA 14mm Ultragrip 10 mm Opomba Žlindra v nosilni, vezni in obrabni plasti Zelo težka prometna obremenitev 2011 1997 Prvič uporabljena zmes Ultragrip 2009 1996 2011 Kanaliziran gost promet Betonska podlaga Razpredelnica 1: Cestni odseki z vgrajeno jeklarsko žlindro Poleg "klasičnih" SMA asfaltov smo si ogledali še nekaj posebnih vrst asfaltnih plasti za povečanje torne sposobnosti vozišča in znižanje hrupa, npr. SteelStop oziroma HFS – High Friction Surfacing za vgradnjo pred križišči in prehodi za pešce ter UltraGrip za urbana naselja, SteelFlow za tanke plasti debeline 15 mm ipd. Slika 4: Obrat SteelPhalta za proizvodnjo asfaltnih zmesi Zaključek in ocena obiska Iz predstavljenega in videnega lahko zaključimo, da v Veliki Britaniji žlindro uporabljajo kot nadomestek naravnim agregatom v asfaltnih zmeseh precej več časa kot v Sloveniji, kjer so bila prva poskusna polj aizvedena leta 2007. Mehanske in fizikalne karakteristike predstavljenih črnih jeklarskih žlinder iz okolice Sheffielda so podobne slovenskim. Poleg črne jeklarske žlindre (EAF C), ki jo uporabljajo za obrabnozaporne asfaltne plasti, uporabljajo tudi belo jeklarsko žlindro od skupščine do Skupščine 29 STROKOVNI PRISPEVKI Slika 5,6: Primera uporabe žlinder; SMA in tankoslojna površinska prevleka SteelFlow (EAF S), ki jo predelujejo na enak način kot črno (po suhem postopku) in uporabljajo v nosilnih asfaltnih plasteh. Ogledali smo si odseke cest z uporabljeno žlindro, tako za najprometnejše ceste kot za najlažje obremenitve, ki so vgrajene od leta 1995. Kontrola proizvodnje asfaltnih zmesi proizvedenih iz agregata žlindre se certificira enako kot v Sloveniji skladno z EN 1310821. Prav tako posvečajo veliko pozornost preskusu volumske stabilnosti žlindre skladno s standardom EN 1744-1. V slovenskih produktnih standardih za asfalte SIST 1038 imamo maksimalno dovoljeno vrednost volumske stabilnosti 3,5 %V/V. Poleg »klasičnih« asfaltnih zmesi AC in SMA uporabljajo »inovativne« asfaltne zmesi, katere vgrajujejo kot obrabno-zaporne plasti v tanjših slojih in s tem izkoriščajo vse dobre (torna sposobnost) in slabe (prostorninska masa) lastnosti žlindre. Obisk in ogled v podjetju SteelPhalt v Veliki Britaniji je bil izjemno koristen, saj nam je podal dobro primerjavo med uporabo žlindre v asfaltih v Veliki Britaniji in Sloveniji. Harsco Minerali d.o.o., Cesta Borisa Kidriča 44, 4270 Jesenice, pkern@harsco.com Kako do knjige Asfalt 2? Doniraj vsaj 10 EUR Karitas ali Rdečemu križu, in knjiga je tvoja. How to obtain your copy of Asfalt 2? Donate at least 10 EUR to the Slovenian Caritas or Red Cross Slovenia and the book will be yours. 30 od skupščine do Skupščine EXPERT PAPERS RHENISH PULVERIZED LIGNITE: MODERN FUEL FOR ASPHALT-MIXING PLANTS Jürgen Bauer, Handlungsbevollmächtigter Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH A customer's investment in silo, dosing station and burner – some 300,000 EUR per plant – pays off for an annual asphaltmixing output of 100,000 tons in less than two years. This makes a switch to the low-cost energy carrier interesting for smaller companies as well. Considerable cost advantages compared with fuel oil and natural gas – Reserves suffice for at least 300 years European companies discovering Germany's market leader Cologne. – In view of the present high fuel-oil and gas prices, Rhenish pulverized lignite is the modern fuel for energyintensive sectors like the asphalt industry. The huge price advantage compared with other energy sources has made it market leader among Germany's operators of asphalt-mixing plants in the space of just a few years – with a current market share of 70%. Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH (RBB), who market the pulverized lignite Europe-wide, conclude long-term contracts with customers and deliver the fuel at a fixed price agreed in advance. Energy-price fluctuations are thus a thing of the past. The plant operator gains a dependable costing basis, giving him the planning certainty he needs. The advantages this input fuel offers for process-heating systems can benefit companies all over Europe, however. For instance, pulverized lignite has proved its worth as fuel in the lime and cement industry for more than 20 years now. Delivery is by silo truck or railway tank waggon. And the next steps to firing, too, are in a closed system, just as in the case of oil and gas. With an annual production capacity of currently 2.9 million tons and further expansion this year by 500,000 tons, it will be possible in future as well to meet the growing demand for pulverized lignite without any problems. And longer-term supplies are in place: raw-lignite reserves will suffice for at least 300 years. from assembly to Assembly 31 IN ENGLISH from assembly to Assembly in English Slovenian construction industry. The indicator has once again dropped a few notches below the developed world. Maj 2012, leto XV. Intensive production of asphalt mixtures in the past few years was key to catching up to, and even equalling, the developed world according to other relevant indicators in the asphalt industry: number of production facilities and the state of casting equipment, quality standards, level of environmental awareness, etc. Here, a legitimate question arises whether in these times of hardship these indicators can be maintained until, surely, a period of more intense work returns. 16. Aktivnosti: maj 2011 - maj 2012 Intervjuji: Izobraževanje asfalterskega kadra 16. redni letni zbor članov ZAS Branko Žiberna Proizvodnja asfaltnih zmesi v letu 2011 15 let ZAS Primož Petrič Predstavitev podjetij 13. kolokvij o asfaltih in bitumnih Janez Šuštar Strokovni prispevki ... from page 3 Dear reader, Recently we were elated to learn that we had caught up with the developed world in terms of quantity, which is approximately a tonne of produced and cast asphalt mixtures per capita per year. Given the extent of preventive maintenance on existing structures, especially traffic areas, which are subjected to heaviest deterioration and therefore, in turn, to careful maintenance, we had hoped that with the onset of the economic crisis the asphalt paving industry wouldn’t be as badly hit as other construction industries. But our hopes and expectations had been in vain. Production and casting of asphalt mixtures plummeted to the level from before Slovenia’s independence, and in the past year the lowest levels in sixteen years were recorded. Should we be surprised? Not really, given the government’s apparent indifference towards the shattering of the 32 from assembly to Assembly While the level of equipment within production facilities and casting equipment depend above all on the purchasing power of contractors, and can be enhanced through intensification of work processes, we insiders are well aware that in order to be able to maintain the level of quality of work and environmental practices throughout it is essential that knowhow of existing personnel, which has been, and can only be, obtained through work experience is sustained. Any loss of human resource potential would mean loss of expertise and experience that could only be replaced after an extended period of time. Quite a number of our colleagues have experienced catastrophic demises of their respective businesses. Some of them have been lucky enough to find similar jobs in different settings, not few of them are still looking in other industries. The desire and the role of ZAS is that we keep on nurturing and building up the knowhow in the asphalt paving industry and implementing it in practice. I would like to conclude this opening statement with hope that wherever our professional paths may lead us in the future, all of those who have lent a hand in building the asphalt industry remain connected through our Association. Marijan Prešeren Member of Managing Committee, ZAS, and Management Board Member, CGP, d. d. 16TH ANNUAL ASSEMBLY OF THE SLOVENIAN ASPHALT PAVEMENT ASSOCIATION & PROFESSIONAL CONFERENCE The regular annual assembly and professional conference were held in Hotel Bernardin in Portorož on 19 May 2011. 73 members of the Association attended. A report on the Association’s work in the period between May 2010 and May 2011 was presented by its chairman. The activities in the past year followed the established programme. We are especially proud of the publication of the second volume of the asphalt handbook, Asfalt 2, dedicated to the 15th anniversary of the Association. In the time of the assembly our bulletin was also published, outlining, besides our recent activities, the 15-year trajectory of the Association by presenting statistical data. In the course of the past year the Association pursued its set goals. Alongside regular activities some special events took place; in May, we organised a professional conference on the role of asphalt pavements in reduction of road traffic noise – the asphalt industry can provide a significant contribution to environmental protection. The Association also took part in the organisation of the 10th Slovenian Congress on Roads and Traffic and actively participated in exchanges with similar international organisations, such as EAPA and Gestrata. An education/training session for IN ENGLISH technical paving personnel was organised in spring 2011. In the framework of the Asphalt Pavement Workers’ Day held in Kranjska Gora in November 2010, apart from meetings of the Enterprises & Companies Committee and professional committees of the Association, papers on the following topics were presented by our colleagues, members the Association: •Experience with pavement grooving, •New trends in production of Benninghoven plants, and •The method of waterproofing and asphalt casting in a bridge over the Sava river in Belgrade, Serbia. In the year without the largest of all ZAS events, the Colloquium on Asphalt and Bitumen, all activities were performed according to the programme, and the performance in 2010 was favourably appraised by the chairman. A report of the work of the Technical Committee in the preceding year was given by its head, Janez Prosen. Its members’ professional activities were divided according to different task groups working over an extended period of time (and dealing with technical regulations, design, execution and quality of asphalt works, respectively). Activities also took place internationally. Activities of the HSE Committee were presented, due to absence of Mr Aleksander Kerstein, by Mr Zvonimir Britovšek. He underlined monitoring of developments in environmental legislation in the EU and Slovenia as one of the main focuses of the Committee’s activities. The Committee also actively participates within the EAPA’s HSE Committee, discusses current environmental issues, and reports on new developments in the fields of protection of the environment and workers’ health. Due to company shutdown and retirement, respectively, we received in 2011 two notices of resignation by members of the ZAS Managing Committee, necessitating a byelection. Vasja Grmek was replaced by Thomas Glanzer and Matija Donko by Dean Donko. The Assembly concluded with a unanimous confirmation of all proposed decisions. Prior to the assembly a professional conference was organised focussing on the following topics: Intelligent compaction of asphalt layers in road construction, by Dr Andreas Biedermann, Ammann. The paper outlined the significance of adequate and consequences of inadequate compaction. Standard methods examine compaction locally, at individual points, and can lead to results that highly distort the reality of the achieved quality level. The intelligent compaction method using GPScontrolled rollers is the best solution for optimal results. An increasing number of producers have been opting for systems for real-time compaction measurement; Ammann is among the leaders in the field. Sustainable development in the asphalt industry, by Zvone Britovšek, CM Celje. Material and energy sources are not available in infinite quantities. Our common duty is, therefore, to act rationally and preserve natural resources for future generations. Asphalt is a construction product that can be entirely reused in production of new asphalt mixtures. Many different ways and methods of reuse and recycling of reclaimed asphalt have been developed across the globe. These can be roughly divided into in situ recycling processes, performed directly on the site of asphalt casting or rehabilitation of old pavements, and into reuse of old asphalt in asphalt plants. Both processes are well established, in various modifications, in Slovenia as well. By reusing old asphalt mixtures (layers) we preserve the environment and natural resources as well as cut down energy consumption, which reduces greenhouse gas emissions into the environment. Besides reusing old asphalt, sustainable development is also achieved by replacing basic input materials with various alternative and secondary products derived from various industrial processes, such as slag, which is a by-product in steel production, crumb rubber, obtained by grinding old tyres, and various forms of dust separated in the process of cyclonic dedusting, all of which can in different percentages adequately replace carbonate aggregate and even improve the quality of asphalt mixtures. By adopting guidelines for sustainable development, ZAS has vowed to strive for development of new, more resistible and thus more durable, but above all less noisy asphalt mixtures, which will ensure safe and environmentally friendly transport on Slovenian roads. Developing energy saving production processes and enabling lower temperature of asphalt mixture casting will be our contribution to the aims of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and efficient energy use. Functional construction contracts – a key to optimal technical solutions and attracting investment in road construction, by Borut Žličar, MSc, DRI Investment Management. Given the poor quality of – especially – the national road network (half of the 6000 km network is in bad condition) and a chronic lack of money, a large portion of funds is used to ensure adequate road conditions. The effect of these funds, however necessary the may be, is therefore short-termed and largely wasted. The basic idea is to ensure an integrated approach to renovation of main regional connections instead of focussing on local efforts. A possible solution for this is functional contract-based subcontracting. The main aim of such contracts, which have proved to be most efficient in construction or renovation of pavements, is to improve on technologies offered by contractors, while the client bases their evaluation on reference projects submitted beforehand by the contractor. They obligate the contractor, after completion, to provide major maintenance for the period specified in the contract (typically between 15 and 30 years). The method of payment is negotiated individually for each project and the contractor is rewarded in case the quality is higher than anticipated. COMMEMORATING 15 YEARS OF THE SLOVENIAN ASPHALT PAVEMENT ASSOCIATION The Slovenian Asphalt Pavement Association was established on 17 April, 1996 in Gornja Radgona. The autumn of 2011, when its 15th anniversary was approaching, also saw deepening of the crisis within the industry, posing a difficult decision to the Managing Committee as to the appropriate manner of commemoration of this important milestone. Finally it was decided to collapse the commemoration ceremony into the conference and the assembly, thus combining business with pleasure and minimising the cost of the event. The opening address was given by the Association’s chairman, Mr Slovenko Henigman, who outlined the road travelled from its establishment until today. The highlights were dedicated to the state of the asphalt paving industry and conditions of pavements in the 90s, an outline of the initial activities of the Association, its role in development of the industry in Slovenia, and its activities throughout the past 15 years. Mr Henigman extended his gratitude to all who had made the Association a success. There followed addresses by representatives of clients, the University of Ljubljana, institutes, civil society, contractors, and international industry, with whom ZAS has established excellent relations: • Gregor Ficko, MSc, Director, DRSC, Slovenian Roads Agency, • Prof Dr Matjaž Mikoš, Dean, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, • Prof Dr Andraž Legat, Director, ZAG, Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, from assembly to Assembly 33 IN ENGLISH • Matija Vilhar, Director, DRC, Road and Transportation Research Association, • Borut Willenpart, Executive Director, SCT, and • Simon van der Byl, Secretary General, EAPA. All speakers commended on the Association’s efforts throughout its existence and expressed their hope for continued success, pointing out its importance as s role model for the industry, not least during these taxing times of economic hardship. Statuettes by sculptor Primož Pugelj and recognition awards were awarded to companies and individuals who served in the Association’s original Managing and Supervising Committees and have been active within ZAS since its establishment. Recognition award recipients: • Companies: CP Ljubljana, CGP, CM Celje, DRI Investment Management, PETROL Ljubljana, Primorje, SCT, SGP Pomgrad, Asfalti Ptuj, CPG, IGMAT, KPL, Possehl, Asfalteks, B&A&M, Interchem and Tahting; • Individuals: Dr Janez Žmavc, Feliks Podgoršek, Borut Willenpart, Aleksander Kerstein, Marijan Makovec and Zvonko Cotič. The event was stringed together by excellent performances of Polona Končar (Furlan), a singer from the Primorska region. COLLABORATION WITH SIMILAR ASSOCIATIONS (EAPA, GESTRATA, DAV, DRC, etc.) DRC, Road and Transportation Research Association ZAS, together with road associations of NE Slovenia, SE Slovenia and the Primorska region, is directly involved in the activities of DRC as its member. The 25th assembly of the Association was held on 5 April 2012 in Podpeč. Besides usual agreements and decisions related to the performance in 2011, a year which was not very kind to us, resolutions on work programme for 2012 and a resolution on appointment of the Supervising Committee for the next fouryear term were passed. A large portion of discussion was dedicated to future organisation and operation of the company. In the opinion of the societies, including ZAS, the time has come for the company to transform itself into an association of societies which would bring together other civil professional organisations in the traffic and infrastructure fields as well. A decision was reached at the DRC assembly to review the existing organisation of the DRC company by 31 34 from assembly to Assembly March 2013 at the latest and to draft a proposal for a new one. GESTRATA (text partially extracted from: Gestrata Journal, March 2012, vol. 134) Collaboration with the Austrian association has been traditionally good. In addition to professional exchanges and mutual visits, ZAS delegations have traditionally participated at the annual Gestrata construction conferences organised in major Austrian cities and attended by over 2000 participants. ZAS representatives usually attend those in Velden, Carinthia. At this year’s conference, the following topics were presented and analysed: • Environmental impacts of road construction; • A wider scope of use of milling residue, enabled by, above all, parallel drum dryers in asphalt plants; in this connection, the Asfinag pilot project, which the ZAS delegation saw in 2009 outside Graz, was mentioned; • Technical conditions for rural and supply ways and roads, where climate load is heaviest; • A road management package which enables optimal management of pavements and roads; • Influence of fine aggregates on skid resistance properties of pavements; • Significance of traffic safety and procedures for optimal casting of asphalt mixtures. Key points of the introductory address to the Salzburg edition of the conference were summarised by member of the Managing Committee Mr Alfred Zeiler. He presented the results of a study made by Prof Dr Hans Litzka in 2010 which analyses the condition of pavements of 34.000 km of rural roads. The study was performed because of demands for renovation by directors of state directorates. Its results show that 22 % of pavements were (are) in poor or very poor condition. If this trend continues, an additional 7 % of pavements will be in bad condition by 2020. To stop deterioration, an additional 60 million EUR of funds per year would be required. As Mr Zeiler pointed to serious consequences of non-action, Gestrata will endeavour to speed up taking appropriate measures and additional investment on all levels. Funds are not the issue, there is enough of these; the issue is optimum engagement. It is impermissible, as per Zeiler, to talk only of saving, as this is harmful to the future. A general assessment of the situation in the asphalt paving industry was also given, noting that it is getting worse from one year to the next. While bitumen price was 109 EUR/tonne in 1994, the expected price in 2012 will amount to a whopping 520 EUR/tonne. A rise in price by factor 4.8 is in no way proportional to today’s asphalt price. This is also one of the reasons for a negative trend in the Austrian asphalt production, and an uncertain future. All of this presents construction companies with considerable difficulties to maintain good asphalt paving personnel, who are opting for different industries, concluded Mr Zeiler. DAV The German Asphalt Association (DAV) organised the sixteenth edition of the German Asphalt Days in February 2012 in Berchtesgaden, Bavaria. In his introductory address, the President of DAV and Managing Director of Eurovia Bernd Lange pointed out the following: • Asphalt production in Germany has settled at about 50 million tonnes per year in recent years. • The biggest problem for the industry are bitumen prices, which have been rising constantly since 2008. • They anticipate a change in investment policies as regards transport (particularly road) infrastructure as users are willing to pay for a direct improvement of quality. They expect to introduce vignettes for private vehicles on motorways. • In the field of technological development much is expected from various noise reducing asphalt mixtures as other pavement materials are no competition for asphalt. • Emissions trading will be necessary only for asphalt plants whose supply power exceeds 20 MW. As these are mainly new, large plants, which most closely conform to environmental requirements, this is an unusual requirement! Prof Thomas Bauer, Chairman of the Management Board at Bauer AG and President of the main association in the German construction industry, highlighted the following: • In 2008, a 15-year period of recession following the boom brought about by reunification of Germany in the 90’s came to an end. While the German construction industry today employs 700.000 people, the figure used to be double that in the 90’s; industry production similarly plummeted more that 50 %. A renewal of investments after a crisis, however, is never uniform, just as the weather after a storm calms down only after a period of fluctuation. This is the phase Germany is in now. They expect a re-launch of investment in flat and building construction, and the speaker hopes that this trend will be followed by government investment in infrastructure, even though current examples are not the most encouraging. The reason for that are general cost-saving measures: it is still not ‘in’ to build, even though trends, and especially needs, are on the uprise. • In recent decades not enough has been done in road infrastructure, which is de- IN ENGLISH clining day by day. It is essential to increase investment as there is a distinctive need for renovation and new construction. • The fact that construction is the biggest factor of economic growth needs to be made clear; the state gets a 40 % return on investments through taxes. • Of 39.000 bridges and viaducts (2064 km total length) 50 % are in bad condition and in need of renovation. This will cost more that 7 billion EUR. • Traffic loading is set to rise by 80 % by 2025, the biggest portion of which will be carried by roads as other traffic infrastructure is practically incapable of taking on additional loads. • The speaker emphasised the importance of civil society initiatives, which need to be included in the debate and given a chance, but only up to a certain point so as not to halt construction completely. The problem is that projects run over a number of years, which makes it impossible for the initiatives to monitor these projects, resulting in complaints. The speaker proposes a rational inclusion of the initiatives in those issues which concern them. Aims of the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development were presented by Prof Dr Josef Kunz, Director General, Road Construction, and Rainer Bomba, State Secretary. The total length of the German road network is 231,717 km. The Federation has custody of 12,821 km of motorways and 39,713 km of federal roads, in a total worth of 175 billion EUR. There are 46 million registered personal vehicles and 5 million transport vehicles in Germany, from which they derive 4.6 billion EUR from tolls. The budget for investment in road infrastructure for 2012 amounts to 6.442 billion EUR. The most important medium-turn aims of the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development are the following: • More efficient investment schemes: construction and renovation, more ITS, competent construction site management and PR (there are more than 800 construction sites on the motorway network per year active for more than 8 days). The goal is to upgrade the timetable for motorway construction site workflow. • Improvement of transport vehicle rest areas (in the 2008–2010 period an additional 5,500 parking spots were provided, and a further 15,500 are scheduled before 2015). • Tackling system errors in construction, such as: inadequate thickness of concrete cover in structures, problems with concrete alkalinity, deterioration of pavements (MSI value), prestressed concrete issues etc. • New financing models, developing functional contracts. • 60 % of the population is exposed to excessive levels of traffic noise. The second national noise reduction package has been prepared, providing for a 30 % decrease in levels. 1.7 billion EUR will be invested to this purpose. A major problem is the constantly increasing traffic loading, necessitating “double” noise reduction. •Photovoltaics is gaining ground, especially in connection with noise protection structures. •Germany, as the world’s largest exporter and logistician, requires competitive transportation infrastructure. In order to achieve it they will introduce vignettes for personal vehicles and increase annual investments in the road infrastructure, especially with the expected growth of traffic loading. As per the State Secretary Mr Bomba, traffic loading in Germany will have increased by an additional 50 to 70 % before 2025. 13TH COLLOQUIUM ON ASPHALT AND BITUMEN A biennial event, the Colloquium is one of the largest professional meetings of the year, complementing the Congress on Roads and Traffic held on alternate years. This makes our responsibility in organisation of the event all the greater while also providing the Association with an oppor tunity to reach a wide professional audience in discussion of (besides highly specialised asphalt industry topics) a wider issue of traffic infrastructure. This is of particular importance today when Slovenia is in a situation where, mainly due to lack of resources, it is not at all clear how and in what direction we should continue developing our traffic infrastructure. This is why this year’s Colloquium paid special attention to this issue, alongside the more usual industry topics. All speakers in the section emphasised the significance of quality traffic infrastructure, which is essential for mobility and a condition for a country’s proper development. Multiplicative effects of infrastructure construction on economies were also heavily stressed. An opposite situation can be observed in Slovenia in the past few years and negative trends in economic growth can be largely attributed to this fact. The Colloquium can be summed up with these figures: 140 registered participants (108 domestic, 32 international), 13 expert paper presentations (7 domestic, 6 international from Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, UK, and Croatia), and 7 technical presentations of companies (2 domestic, 5 international from Germany, Switzerland, Croatia, and the Netherlands). 27 companies (22 domestic, 5 international) and 11 sponsors (Petrol, the general sponsor, and others: Benninghoven, Cestno podjetje Ljubljana, CGP, OMV Slovenija, SGP Pomgrad, AMMANN, DARS, DRI Investment Management, STRABAG, VATTENFALL, and ZAG) presented and exhibited their products and services. The key highlights of the colloquium can be summarised as follows: •The quality of studies of pavement structural design has to be improved upon. It is impermissible that such important road documents should be prepared by novices or personnel without proper experience and references. We have long wondered, in ZAS, what could be done to dispense with this inadequate practice. The discussion begun with the Slovenian Chamber of Engineers needs to be resumed and more adequate solutions need to be found. •With the implementation of the European standards for asphalt after 2008 a unified approach to asphalt mixture design was introduced in the asphalt paving industry, leaving the choice between empirically-based or fundamental recipe approaches to the individual user. The fundamental or scientific approach is based on extensive dynamic laboratory tests, which are complex, expensive and time consuming. In order to make organisation of paving works more efficient, customised procedures will need to be worked out according to the level of difficulty of work to avoid any possible risks regarding the final outcome of an implemented measure. •There has been an impermissible halt in commissioning of developmental studies. We find it preposterous that sponsors have simply decided they do not need them anymore. We propose a joint review of the results of past studies and the percentage of implemented propositions of these studies, which should, hopefully, have a positive effect on resuming commissioning of studies. •The situation regarding test fields is similar to the one above, except that in the past expenses of test fields used to be covered by contractors. Given the present situation this has become an impossible task for them. As new technologies and materials can only be tested in real conditions in test fields, these also need to be commissioned through calls for proposals. •Development goes hand in hand with new ideas, which is why these need to first be tested in laboratories and/or on paper (developmental studies) and in test fields before they can be adopted. A new measure, technology or a type of materifrom assembly to Assembly 35 IN ENGLISH al can only be applied after it has been properly defined in a technical specification document (a standard or technical conditions document). This is why the work in this area needs to be continued. In the short term, technical specifications for recycling, cold asphalts, and for a more systematic use of noise-reducing asphalts are needed. A technical specification for rubberised asphalts seems a little further away at this point, which is to say, we can hardly expect to see their use in real conditions. Rubberised asphalts, as well as reuse of asphalt mixtures and noise-reducing asphalt mixtures are, in any case, technologies of the future. •Subcontracting based on the lowest price has led even good companies into a situation where their subsistence cannot be guaranteed. It is therefore imperative that subcontracting is done according to the principle of economy. •The Slovenian asphalt industry has demonstrated many times throughout the years that it knows its business. In order to reverse the current negative trend we need to provide appropriate programmes which could be, provided there are willingness to cooperate and adequate business competition, applied to our roads. If this is not done we will be facing, at the current rate of traffic loading, further deterioration of pavements, while the cost of repair, which could be avoided, will skyrocket. The Colloquium on Asphalt and Bitumen has been, through the years, the most important meeting organised by ZAS. Decisions made at the Colloquium represent the orientation of the Association’s future activities, promoted in other professional meetings as well, notably in each following year’s Congress on Roads and Traffic. Slovenko Henigman ZAS ORGANS IN 2011 – AN OVERVIEW Next year will mark the 10th anniversary of the Association’s present organisation. It follows that of EAPA, which means that heads of committees represent the Association within the equivalent EAPA committees. An overview of operation of individual bodies is given below. Managing Committee (UO) In 2011, the Committee members met in 6 sessions, with 50 decisions passed, all of which have been realised in their entirety. Beside the Committee members the previous year's sessions were also regularly attended by the president of the Supervising Committee Marijan Makovec, head of the Education Section Jožica Cezar, head of the 36 from assembly to Assembly Technical Committee Janez Prosen, and Zvonko Cotič as technical assistant. Supervising Committee (NO) The Committee, comprising of Marijan Makovec, head, and Janez Prosen and Miro Žnidaršič, members, met on 23 March 2012 in Brezovica. Upon examination of all financial statements and accounting records the Committee gave a favourable opinion of the reviewed annual accounts for 2011, which were to be confirmed at this year's ZAS Assembly. PROFESSIONAL BODIES OF THE ASSOCIATION IN 2011 dictate introduction of a guideline for less noisy asphalts, with the adopted annexes to the SIST 1038 standard, while a special emphasis will continue to be given to reuse of asphalt and in situ recycling. A continuing task is provided by the need for monitoring technical documents and revision of standards; this requires a direct access to information about the work of CEN TC 227, which will be achieved with participation of a Slovenian representative in CEN meetings. An important task will be to work on extended investigations of input materials, especially mixture recipe projects (low temperatures, stiffness, fatigue, deformations, etc.). COMMITTEES Technical Committee (TO) In the past year, a part of the Committee’s activities was realised in the framework of a task force for standards and national annexes. A review was performed of those results and debates in selected categories of the existing national annexes of SIST 1038 to date which were subject to change in the past year. The annual meeting of TO ZAS was held in November and dealt with the situation in the field of technical regulations and the following current issues: reuse of old asphalt (recycling), introduction of warm mix asphalt, and noise reduction asphalt pavements. Quality of execution of asphalt works was also addressed, having deteriorated due to failure of large construction companies. Information was given on the work of TC EAPA and about the work programme of TO in the future. In the course of our work we have also discussed data and findings of research devoted to protection of health and the environment, above all particulate emissions, provided for by the Waste Framework Directive and the Environmental Product Declaration. Also discussed was carbon footprint measurement and, in particular, findings of the IARC study, which now categorises bitumen within the upper group of hazardous materials as to potential carcinogenicity, namely groups 2A and 2B. This does not mean, however, that bitumen is any more harmful that a range of other products, including tobacco, coffee, alcohol, etc. In the past year we observed a slightly less motivated approach to work, but that was to be expected given the current situation of the companies. Key highlights for the future: the Committee members will continue to consolidate the role of our industry and its expertise. Emphasis will be given to introduction of new asphalt mixtures, such as SMA LN; needs also Activities of the ZAS Technical Committee in the past year followed medium-term work policies of the committee: we are working on upgrading asphalt paving industry regulations toward a proficient use of asphalt as a construction material. I kindly thank all of our collaborators and wish for our joint successes to continue in the future. Janez Prosen, Head Education Section In the Section we are aware of our major responsibility: to raise awareness and spread good and established work practice. To this purpose we have been developing, throughout the years, training/education sessions for paving personnel, both technical (engineers and technicians) and operational (foremen, machine operators, paving supervisors etc.), which take shape as practical demonstrations on test ranges. In almost all sessions of the Managing Committee, as well as at the meeting of the Enterprises & Companies Committee, we have been discussing needs, possibilities and potential improvements of the education/training sessions. Following the annual education programme, prepared for each year, the sessions are organised alternately for technical and operational personnel. Target groups for both sessions are not completely separate, however, which means that there is partial overlap as far as the participants are concerned. This is very practical for engineers and foremen, and great feedback for us as it means that we have been maintaining an appropriately high level suitable for all profiles of paving personnel. Participants at the sessions get a chance to speak out about various problems they face, to ask questions, and to exchange opinions and experience. Lately the education sessions have been held centrally in Ljubljana, while training of operative personnel (on test ranges, in IN ENGLISH smaller groups) has been organised regionally, according to needs and capabilities. A detailed programme is prepared by the Section separately for each year. In selection of topics we attempt to respond to current needs and situation in the industry. We try to familiarise the participants with new developments in the fields of technical regulations, laboratory examinations and laboratory equipment, issues in production and casting of asphalt mixtures, technological procedures in renovation, as well as protection of workers’ health and preser vation of the environment. Besides the annual education/training sessions, we participate in organisation of professional meetings and other activities, as well as round tables, workshops and seminars, as needed. Invited lecturers are usually experts from the industry, active members of the Association, who also help prepare work material. All members of the Education Section convene once a year for at least one working meeting in December, while the organisational committee of the Section meets with individual lecturers as needed in organisation of the events. We are aware that education is one of the most important tasks of the Association, as, unfortunately, lower quality of work goes hand in hand with the reduced production. Relentless pointing to deficiencies and parallel education of personnel involved in the process are recipe for efficiency and quality in execution of works. Feedback regarding topic selection is more than welcome from all involved in the process, as is your willingness to cooperate. The Section will continue to try to stay true to your expectations. Jožica Cezar, MSc Asphalt Committee (KZA) The Committee is not one of the bodies of ZAS, but has in the past had a strong unifying role among the professional Committees of ZAS. Its members met on three occasions. A reduction of its activities is above all a consequence of fewer issues or incentives, which result from intensive activity. Recently the scope of asphalt paving works has been reduced to half, and the Commission member withdrawal is also problematic. A new organisational structure is being considered for the Committee as well as the other Committees. Given the creation of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Spatial Planning, there has been a proposal for establishment of ministry committees. Conclusion Activities of ZAS bodies in the past year followed the programmes and guidelines of the Managing Committee; needs were expressed within individual bodies for additional impulses, fresh ideas, and a general revival of activity. In the new mandate, we will embark upon revision of tentative plans for the work of each individual body and upon execution of set tasks. according to the applicable technical regulations and new standards. In a section dedicated to road maintenance typical damage to pavements was presented alongside their causes and methods of rehabilitation and various renovation technologies. Slovenko Henigman After a catered lunch break the practical part followed under the leadership of Mr Janez Šuštar. In a prepared test range, operation of a paver finisher and rolling were demonstrated. Work procedures in casting of asphalt mixtures, conveying of asphalt mixtures to the paver and levelling before tamper beam, and paver parameter setting were presented, focussing on faults due to incorrect settings. There was also a presentation of levelling equipment for elevation control of paver finishers and of procedures in asphalt layer compaction. 8TH EDUCATION/TRAINING SESSION FOR ASPHALT PAVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS AND LABOURERS Given the precarious situation of the construction industry in recent years, a reduction of asphalt production, and a lower quality of production and casting of late, the programme of this year’s education/training session was even more carefully planned and organised. In addition to the regular ones, we also invited companies which had not yet collaborated with ZAS but have lately been active in the field of asphalt casting. The programme was shaped so as to deal with those asphalt paving issues that are most important for operators and labourers, with emphasis on presentations of recent developments in the field. Deficiencies and faults which we thought could not occur have become an everyday sight on our roads. This means that regardless of the extent of production it is necessary to constantly admonish and train the personnel involved in execution of works; this year’s session was organised with such people in mind: foremen, machine operators, team leaders and technicians. It was held on 15 March 2012 in Kranj (the theoretical part in Iskratel Training Centre, the practical part on the premises of CP Kranj construction waste disposal site) and due to high demand once again on 29 March in Ljubljana (the theoretical part on the premises of Unija in Brezovica, the practical part on the premises of Mapri company in Ljubljana). All participants were handed out working material including a miscellany of lecture abstracts, the Asfalt 2 reference book, a brochure comparing the old and new methods of asphalt mixture labelling, and the yearly ZAS bulletin. This year's session was attended by a total of 90 participants from 14 companies. They were awarded certificates of attendance based on performance in the examination after the session. Jožica Cezar, MSc, Education Section A talk with a long-standing lecturer and instructor at the training sessions, Mr Janez Šuštar The theoretical part mostly discussed topics related to quality of executed works. Mr Zvone Britovšek talked on production in asphalt plants (input materials, additives, temperature, covering of asphalt mixture, typical faults, etc.), casting of asphalt mixtures (spreading, superelevation, detail finishing, compaction of layers and edges, types of compactors, etc.), quality assurance (internal and third party quality control, laboratory tests), preservation of the environment and protection of workers. Mr Šuštar, as lecturer and instructor in the practical part of the sessions you have over the years contributed to a number of ZAS-organised sessions. What is your view on these? Speaking purely form the point of view of the practical part of the sessions, I would say they are almost essential, as a demonstration of the everyday work the participants of a session are expected to do in their respective companies. A lot of frequently asked questions are cleared with practical demonstrations. There have been many familiar faces throughout the years, who see the sessions as opportunities to solidify their knowledge and find confirmation that their practice has been correct. And there have been some new faces as well, a sign that companies are aware that training factors prominently in assurance of quality asphalt works. The contribution of Ms Jožica Cezar, MSc, discussed the field of pavements, design and planning of asphalt pavements, and selection of renovation measures, focussing mainly on asphalt mixture designations The sessions are held alternately, for equipment operators and labourers one year and for technical asphalt paving personnel the next. Do you find such organisation appropriate? from assembly to Assembly 37 IN ENGLISH I do think this is the way to go, because changes in the industry – new developments in all segments, from asphalt mixture production to materials and mechanical equipment, do not happen overnight. What will have to be changed, upgraded in the future in order to achieve an optimal effect of the education/training sessions? In my opinion, ZAS as the organiser cannot do much more. They could, however, recommend to all participants of the technical sessions to continuously test knowledge gained by equipment operators and labourers at the sessions. The construction industry is undergoing great changes. What is your view on these changes within the asphalt industry? Indeed, significant changes are underway. Unfortunately this also means a reduced scope of investment as well as maintenance works, which has a direct effect on the scope of asphalt paving works. This reduction could potentially bring about a drop in quality of asphalt paving. With the ever tougher operating conditions, not enough accumulation is created to be allotted to development of the asphalt industry. Are we to fear for the future of our industry? I don’t think so. In spite of the smaller scope of production even more needs to be done in the field of quality of asphalt paving, which is why ZAS has been organising education/training sessions in the first place. If the industry maintains its high quality, including all of the involved parties (institutes etc.), there is no need to fear for the future of asphalt paving. Thank you very much for your time. PRODUCTION AND CASTING OF ASPHALT MIXTURES IN 2011 In 2011, 1.276 million tonnes of hot asphalt mixtures were produced in Slovenia, which is the lowest figure on record. asphalt mixtures amounting to approximately 5,000 tonnes. B.Č. & S.H. PROFFESIONAL ARTICLES Tendering of asphalt reconstruction works in accordance with sustainable construction criteria Marko Gardaševič, DRI Investment Management, Ltd. Matic Poznič, DARS d.d. Zvonko Cotič, Primorje d.d. Abstract Energy needs and dependence on natural resources is increasing daily. As the civil engineering is the industry, where energy and natural resources demands are high, it is essential to approach to the use of recycled and alternative materials. This way the usefulness, efficiency and sustainable harmlessness are achieved and the sustainable construction is pursued. To achieve the above, the criteria and conditions are proposed for award of asphalt pavement maintenance works that follow the economics of construction and the use of the renewed facility throughout its entire life according to the criteria of sustainable construction. 1. Introduction Energy needs and dependence on natural resources bring new challenges every day. Therefore in civil engineering more and more the need for sustainable construction is desired for which we have to have in mind three key issues: usefulness, efficiency and sustainable harmlessness. Only this way it is possible to follow the principle of environmental protection and natural resources preservation and the principle of the economic construction and use of the build construction through its whole life span. In the mixtures produced, approximately 1.048 million tonnes of carbonate aggregate mixtures, 113,000 tonnes of silicate aggregate mixtures, and 57,000 tonnes of bituminous binders were used. The portion of cast road bitumen amounted to 53,000 tonnes, and 5,000 tonnes of polymermodified bitumen were also cast. The percentage of modified bitumen within all bitumen used was approximately 10.0 %. To pursue the objectives, the Government of the Republic of Slovenia on the 21st March 2012 adopted the Action plan for green public procurement which follows the guidelines and expectations of the European Commission relating to the procurement of environmentally friendly goods, services and works, then the Regulation of Green Public Procurement, which came into use on the 14th Mach 2012. Thus the first conditions and criteria for sustainable construction in the awarding of asphalt pavement reconstruction works arose. In 2011, besides other asphalts, 41,000 tonnes of SMA, 77,000 tonnes of AC bin, 647,000 tonnes of AC surf, and 505,000 tonnes of AC base asphalts were produced and cast in Slovenia, the portion of porous When formulating these conditions and criteria, particular attention must be given to development of the criteria for sustainable construction, which may prove ecofriendliness and economic efficiency. 38 from assembly to Assembly 2. The purpose The decline in economic activity in Slovenia affected the area of civil engineering the most and because of that the construction services market completely collapsed. Due to the lack of work the offer prices started to fall down to the level where for a particular product the price quoted barely meet the cost of materials or even not fully cover. In the implementation phase, due to the low offered prices, the difficulties began to emerge in the quality of construction products. The system of internal and external quality control for this did not fail but it proved to be effective. Due to the short implementation times at asphalt reconstruction works and a lack of financial resources of construction enterprises they supplied the materials into the production like "satellites", which means that they go directly from the transportation vehicle to the production. This leads to lack of time needed to obtain the results of quality control tests. Described problems indirectly affect also users, because the quality infrastructure is in the interest of all. For sustainable building the following three criteria must be fulfilled: environmental friendliness, economic efficiency and social acceptability. The primary objective of the award of asphalt pavement reconstruction works on the criteria of sustainable construction is establishing market prices and meeting the required quality and facilitate the further development of technologies and thus creation of competitiveness of domestic enterprises with European ones. 3. Conditions and criteria for the award of the most complex reconstruction works The first step towards solvation of this problem the criteria and conditions for submitting asphalt reconstruction works in accordance with sustainable construction criteria had to be developed. In determining these conditions and criteria, it was important to determine not only the limit between them, but it was particularly necessary to determine reasonable requests to get the best effect, and thus still allow for healthy competition. Conditions In addition to other formal and statutory requirements, we are in this section focusing more on the technical part of the conditions. Technical conditions determine the minimum requirements that suppliers must meet, and they change from project to project or they proportionally follow the tendered project. The conditions are designed in such a way that they follow the latest ZJN – 2; IN ENGLISH a. The reference of the tenderer is demanded to be equivalent to the project and it must be designed according to the type of tendered works and at the same time it must also be determined in monetary value. b. Minimum equipment is required which the tenderer must poses on order to fulfil the tendered work: i. The main equipment is the at least 1,90 m wide milling machine, the paver of width of 8,30 m with fixed built-in panel (in the case of the most demanding works on motorways, airports and main roads, otherwise the equipment can also be of lower capacity), spraying machine with electronically guided quantity of the spraying substance with the recorder for the quantity, ii. The novelty in terms of equipment is the requirement for the asphalt plant with the nominal capacity of 160 tons/hour with valid environmental permit, iii. To ensure adequate quality a requirement for internal control is added, for which the contractor must have at least 5 years working experience in the performance of internal or external quality control at production and laying of asphalt mixtures, c. The bidder must have the technical staff or technical personnel who will participate in the execution of the contract and are responsible for the execution of tendered works as follows: i. The responsible manager of works should be a person who qualifies for a responsible manager of works in the second paragraph of the 77th Article of the Construction Act - ZGO-1 (OG. RS. 110/02 and amendments) having regard to the Rules on the form and content and the method of keeping the directory of the Chamber of Architecture and Environmental Planning of Slovenia and the Slovenian Chamber of Engineers (OG. RS. 123/03, 56/05 and 108/09). ii. The responsible manager of works must have at least one reference in the last 3 years as the responsible manager of works at new construction or reconstruction of motorways, expressways or main roads to the same extent (with the indication of major projects). d. Letter of intent, from which the sources for the purchase of asphalt mixtures must be shown in accordance with the requirements of subject contract. With the letter of intent for the supply of asphalt mixtures the transport routes can also be established, which are described in detail in the criteria. Criteria The criterion for the selection of the tender offer is the economically most advanta- geous tender offer. The economically most advantageous tender offer is selected on the basis of scoring after the criteria, namely; a. Offer price, which is determined by the equation. There are three types of equations proposed: i. The first equation works by points distributed linearly between the cheapest offer (which gets all the available points) and the limiting price. The disadvantage is that the difference depends on the distance of the cheapest offer from the limit price, which in practice means that in the case when the cheapest offer is very close to the limit price even a very slight difference in the price lead to large differences in assigned points. The equation does not allow the tenderer to calculate the number of obtained points in advance. C lim Ci ) * 25 Pc 65 ( C lim C min ii. The second is circular equation, which was designed to reduce the impact of dumping prices. Similar to the previous equation the ratio between the difference in prices and awarded points depends on the distance from the limit price, but the dependence is significantly lower. When the cheapest offer is much lower than the limit price, the circle behaves like the proposed formula and when the cheapest offer is close to the limit price the circles take the differences in offer prices much less into account. An additional advantage of the circular equation is that a tenderer can calculate his number of points in advance, because the calculation does not depend on other offers. 2 C 60 1 0,6 §¨ Ci ·¸ ¨C ¸ © lim ¹ iii. The third proposal is a calculation that is independent of the limit price. The difference of assigned points only depends on the differences between the offered prices. The relationship between price change and the change in points awarded is greater than in other equations, but the relationship can be corrected if necessary. The equation does not allow a tenderer to pre-calculate the number of obtained points. Pc 60 * C min Ci b. Completion time, which is limited in the tender documentation to the shortest and the longest. The number of appointed points depends on the offered and the limited shortest and longest completion time, c. An important role from the environmental point of view plays a distance from the equilibrium point of the building site from the asphalt plant. In accordance with the PTP (Special technical conditions) it is limited to 70 km and represents the longest tolerable transport distance. Shorter distances bring the additional advantage to the tenderer. d. The companies which promote operational technical education of his regularly employed personnel get the additional advantage. The participation for each year that were conducted by the manufacturers of the asphalt equipment or professional asphalt associations in the last three years counts. e. Environmental certificate is incentive to careful environmental management. Thus, a provider who has obtained ISO 14001 environmental certificate (or equivalent) take precedence over others who have not. As part of the certificates the proposal is given to allocate the additional points for a certificate in the field of occupational health and safety (OHSAS 18001 or equivalent). Like in the previous paragraph it represents investing in its employees. f. Tenderers who use alternative sources (such as slag) or recycled materials get additional points. Only materials, for which the technical regulations already exist, may be used. Determination of the economically most advantageous offer Total number of points is then calculated as the sum of points obtained in stated criteria. Economically most advantageous tenderer is the one who has reached the highest number of points. In the case when two tenderers reach the same maximum number of points, further criteria for determining the economically most advantageous tenderer may be set (e.g. shorter completion time, …). 4. Conclusions The next step which is necessary to reach the goal of tendering of asphalt reconstruction works in accordance with sustainable construction criteria and is feasible at any given time, is the transfer of that into practice. To be able to apply these criteria into all maintenance works, they shall be included in the Regulation of Green Public Procurement. In the future it is necessary to prepare technical regulations which will govern a broader range of environmentally friendly materials and technologies for renovation work. Thinking is needed on low temperature asphalts, alternative fuels for the production of asphalt mixes etc. from assembly to Assembly 39 IN ENGLISH Report on the proffesional tour and visit of the HARSCO company in the UK from 29 to 31 March 2012 Zvonko Cotič, B.Sc.CE Borut Willenpart, B.Sc.CE At the initiative of HARSCO Minerals Ltd. and ZAS, Slovenian Asphalt Pavement Association, HARSCO Metals organized an expert meeting. From Slovenia the representatives of Engineer DRI (Irena Fortuna), Institute ZAG (Alexander Ipavec), building contractors (Borut Willenpart, Primož Petrič), HARSCO Minerals (Peter Kern) and the Slovenian Asphalt Pavement Association ZAS (Zvonko Cotic) attended the meeting. Figure 1 (on page 28): Participants of the visit and tour of the HARSCO Metals in the UK (from left to right: Zvonko Cotič, Irena Fortuna, Borut Willenpart, Aleksander Ipavec, Adam Dean, Peter Kern, Steve Finley, Primož Petrič, Dave Hepworth, Nick Jones, Dean Raynor) Harsco Corporation Harsco Coorporation represents one of the world's largest association of international companies engaged in various industrial activities, services and the provision of engineering products, which play a key role, particularly in the steel and iron industry. In the last few years the sale of Harsco, which operates in over 50 countries worldwide and employs over 22,000 employees, exceeds $ 3 billion in revenue annually. Harsco Corporation consists of five different divisions: Metals, Industrial, Infrastructure, Rail and Minerals. Harsco Metals in SteelPhalt The English company SteelPhalt, which belongs to a division of Harsco Metals, is located in Rotherham, and was founded in 1965. Their leading representatives presented in detail the advantages of using steel slag in asphalt mixtures on the first day and the second day we visited the plant for crushing and separating slag and asphalt plant producing asphalt from slags and certain sections of road where slag in asphalt layers was successfully used in the last fifteen years. SteelPhalt processes and uses steel slag from the area of South Yorkshire for different types of asphalt mixes. Mechanical and physical properties of black steel slag are very similar to those used in Slovenia, namely; • Coefficient of resistance to polishing (EN 1097-8): PSV 62 • Coefficient of resistance to crushing by the procedure of Los Angeles (EN 10972): LA 14 SteelPhalt pays much attention to the development of innovative asphalt mixes and layers for specialized use, such as: 40 from assembly to Assembly • SteelSurf (for the industrial heaviest traffic areas) • SteelPave (less noisy thin layerd SMA) • SteelFlow (slurry seal) • SteelStop (high friction surface dressing for hazardous transport areas in intersections, roundabouts, urban roads and pedestrian crossings) • UltraGrip (less noisy thin layerd SMA with PmB binder) Their development trend of wearing course asphalt mixes with PmB binder is in the manufacture and laying of thinner layers than 20 mm, with which they take advantage of both good (high skid resistance) and poor (higher volumetric mass) properties of black steel slags. Figure 2 (on page 28): Examples of innovative less noisy thin layerd SMA Obtaining of slag, crushing and separating Slag from steel mills in the South Yorkshire area is obtained as the residue of electric arc furnaces. In the steel mill large pieces of iron are removed from the slag, and when the volume is stable, it is transported by trucks to the landfill of SteelPhalt company separately as black or white steel slag. Annually they process 115,000 tons of black steel slag (Carbon Steel Slags) tags EAF C and 50,000 tons of white slag (Stainless Steel Slags) tags EAF S. Processing (crushing and separating) is done in a plant with the capacity of 100 t/h and up to 1,000 tons per day. Separated steel slag is transported to a nearby asphalt plant, where it is all used as an aggregate for the asphalt mixture. Figure 3 (on page 29): SteelPhalta plant for crushing and separating slags Production of asphalt mixtures with slag SteelPhalt company produces asphalt mixtures in the Benninghoven plant with the capacity of 240 t/h. Annually they produce 300,000 tons of various asphalt mixes for different use. The company does not have a laying team and sells all the produced asphalt to companies that are specialized for asphalt laying. The facility is very modern with 13 pre-hoppers, of which one is for milled asphalt, tanks for road bitumen and polymer bitumen, silo for the cellulose fibres ... In pre-hoppers there is black steel slag for wearing courses as well as white steel slag for bearing courses including sands. Rated fractions are different than in Slovenia, namely the maximum grain size Dmax: 6, 10, 14, 20 mm. Within the company SteelPhalt there is also a laboratory for the input control of materials and internal control of asphalt mixtures. Among other things, we visited a device for measuring the volumetric stability according to EN 1744-1. They showed us an example of deformation of the asphalt when in the asphalt layer contains a volumetric unstable slag with the expansion of 10%. The production control of asphalt mixtures, produced from slag aggregate, is carried out in accordance with EN 13108-21. Figure 4 (on page 29): SteelPhalt plant for asphalt production Road sections with slag The local representatives of their Road Directorate and Local Community have presented a positive experience with the use of slag in asphalt layers. Together with representatives of SteelPhalt we visited seven road sections near Rotherham and Sheffield, where the slag was used as aggregate in asphalt layers. Sections which are also 16 years old have been free of damage. The laid SMAs were produced with road bitumen, while the innovative asphalts are produced with polymer modified bitumen. Sections are exposed to different traffic loads, ranging from very heavy to very light. Climatic load or maximum average temperature of the month August is 20.6 °C, a record is 34.3 °C, the lowest average temperature in the month of January is 1.6 °C and the record is -9.2 °C. Table 1 (on page 29): Road sections with steel slag Beside "classic" SMA asphalts, we visited also a few specific types of asphalt for increase of skid resistance and noise reduction, e.g. SteelStop or HFS - High Friction surfacing for the installation in front of the junctions and pedestrian crossings and UltraGrip for urban areas, SteelFlow for thin layers with the thickness of 15 mm etc. Figures 5,6 (on page 30): Examples of the use of slags; SMA and thin slurry seal SteelFlow Conclusion and evaluation of the visit From presented and seen one can conclude that in the UK slag is used as a substitute for natural aggregates in asphalt mixtures much longer than in Slovenia, where the first trial field were built in 2007. Mechanical and physical characteristics of the presented black steel slags from the vicinity of Sheffield are similar to Slovenian. Beside the black steel slag (EAF C), which they use in wearing courses, they also use white steel slag (EAF S), which is processed in the same way as black (by the dry process) and used in bearing asphalt layers. We visited road sections built with slag, as for the busiest roads as for the lowest of loads, which are being built since 1995. Production control of asphalt mixtures produced from slag aggregate is certified as in Slovenia in accordance with EN 13108-21. They also pay great attention to test the volumetric stability of the slag in accordance with EN 1744-1. The Slovenian IN ENGLISH product standards for asphalts SIST 1038 we have a maximum allowable value of volume stability at 3.5% V/V. In addition to "classic" asphalt mixtures AC and SMA they use "innovative" asphalt mixtures, which they build in as wearing courses in thin layers and thus they take advantage of all the good (skid resistance) and poor (volumetric mass) characteristics of the slag. The visit and the tour around the company SteelPhalt in the UK has been extremely useful, because we made a good comparison between the use of slag in asphalt in the UK and Slovenia. Work Programme for 2012 1. General tasks • Co-ordination of the asphalt paving field in Slovenia • Collaboration with similar domestic and foreign organisations • Ensuring funds needed for the activities of the Association • Managing of all Association's bodies 2. Organisation of professional meetings and education/training sessions • A technical meeting (May 2012) • Participation in organisation of the 11th Congress on Roads and Traffic (October 2012) • A workshop on structural design of pavements (November 2012) • The 4th edition of Asphalt Paving Workers’ Day and a regular annual meet- ing of representatives of the Enterprises & Companies Committee (November 2012) • Education/Training Session for technical paving personnel (March 2013) 3. Preparation and implementation of technical regulations for: • Cold asphalts • Rubberised asphalts • Recycling of asphalt mixtures and pavements 4. Preparation of material for: • Education/Training Session • From Assembly to Assembly bulletin 5. Preparation of technical literature (2012–2013) •Asphalt mixtures for bridge applications •Functional and fundamental testing V lanskem letu nas je zapustil Mirko Pižeta Rodil se je leta 1940 v bližini Varaždina. V obdobju, ko se je v Sloveniji začel vzpon gradbeništva, je kot vajenec prišel na družbo Primorje in tako pri svojih 24-ih letih začel graditi svojo poklicno cesto. Začel je praktično iz nič, a s trdim delom in nenehnim izobraževanjem, prehodil pot preko vajenca in delovodje, do vodje enote nizke gradnje, ki jo je opravljal od leta 1989 do svoje upokojitve v letu 2003. Bil je človek prakse in konkretnih rešitev. V vseh letih je z žarom in ljubeznijo rasel, pridobival nova znanja in postal cenjen strokovnjak na področju gradbeništva. Sprva aktiven v rudarstvu, se je kasneje povsem posvetil področju asfaltiranja in postavil temelje te dejavnosti v Primorju. Pod njegovim vodstvom je dejavnost postala ena najmočnejših vej Primorja, po kateri je še danes prepoznavno. Mirko se ni ustrašil novosti. Prav nasprotno. Tako se je z vso vnemo v svojih zrelih letih začel ukvarjati z računalniki in svoje znanje izpopolnil do potankosti. Vedoželjnost in ljubezen do nove tehnologije se je kazala tudi na drugih področjih. Ukvarjal se je z digitalno fotografijo, v kateri je izjemno užival in ovekovečil številne trenutke. Vse svoje gradbeno in računalniško znanje pa je vedno rad prenašal na mlajše kolege. Bil je odličen mentor in vodja, ki je svojim učencem z veseljem predajal izkušnje, hkrati pa je od njih tudi veliko pričakoval. Mirko je bil vizionar in pogonski motor za uvajanje najnovejših tehnologij vgradnje asfaltov. Bil je eden od ustanovnih članov Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije, ki je postavilo okvirje za asfaltersko stroko v Sloveniji. V Upravnem odboru Združenja asfalterjev Slovenije je deloval od 1998 do 2003. Kot gonilna sila sekcije za izobraževanje je nesebično in z veliko entuziazma svoje bogate praktične izkušnje prenašal na mlajše stanovske kolege. In the past year, we bade farewell to … Mirko Pižeta, born in 1940 outside Varaždin, Croatia. When the construction industry in Slovenia was beginning to flourish, a young Pižeta came to the Primorje company as apprentice and set on paving his professional road at the tender age of 24. Starting off practically form nothing, his diligence and an insatiable quest for knowledge led him to be promoted first to foreman and eventually to head of the civil engineering department, a position which he occupied from 1989 until his retirement in 2003. He was a man of practice and of concrete solutions. Throughout the years he thrived on enthusiasm and love for his field of expertise; always on the lookout for new knowledge, he became a revered expert in the construction industry. Having come form the mining industry, he would later devote all his interests to asphalt paving and lay the foundations of the industry in Primorje. Under his guidance the asphalt paving field became one of the strongest branches of Primorje and has remained to this day one of its trademarks. Mirko never had any fear of the unknown. On the contrary; in the autumn of his life he enthusiastically took to the computer, perfecting his knowledge to the last detail. His thirst for knowledge and love for new technologies shone through elsewhere as well. He dabbled in digital photography, which he thoroughly enjoyed, preserving many special moments for posterity. He was very enthusiastic in his willingness to pass down his construction and computer expertise to his younger colleagues. He was an excellent mentor and leader, delighted to be able to instil his experience into his students, while still expecting a lot from them. Mirko was a visionary and a pioneer in introduction of latest asphalt casting technologies. He was one of the founding members of the Slovenian Asphalt Pavement Association, which laid the groundwork for the asphalt profession in Slovenia. He was active in the Managing Committee of ZAS from 1998 until 2003. As the driving force of the Education Section he was selflessly and keenly passing down his rich practical experience to his younger colleagues. from assembly to Assembly 41 Nekatere objave o ZAS-u Finance – Oglasna priloga Nepremičninski informator, št. 39, 27.2.2011 Revija Gradbenik Številka 12/01 Dec. 2011/Jan 2012 42 od skupščine do Skupščine PROGRAM DELA Program dela za leto 2012/13 Strokovna srečanja v letih 2012 - 2014 Professional Meetings in 2012 - 2014 • 24. – 25. oktober 2012: 11. slovenski kongres o cestah in prometu, Portorož, Slovenija • 13. november 2012: Herbstveranstaltung GESTRATA • 3. – 5. junij 2013: 5th International Conference of the European Asphalt Technology Association, EATA 2013 Braunschweig, Germany • 12. – 14. februar 2014: XVII. Deutsche Asphalttage, Berchtesgaden, Germany 1. Splošne naloge • • • • koordiniranje asfalterske dejavnosti v Sloveniji sodelovanje s sorodnimi organizacijami doma in v tujini zagotavljanje sredstev za delovanje združenja vodenje vseh organov združenja 2. Organiziranje strokovnih srečanj in izobraževanj • • • • strokovno srečanje (maj 2012) sodelovanje pri organizaciji 11. Kongresa o cestah in prometu (oktober 2012) delavnica na temo dimenzioniranja voziščnih konstrukcij (november 2012) 4. Dan asfalterjev in redno letno srečanje predstavnikov Odbora podjetij in družb (november 2012) • izobraževanje tehničnega asfalterskega kadra (marec 2013) 3. Priprava in uveljavitev tehnične regulative • nizkotemperaturni asfalt • asfalt z gumo • reciklaže asfaltnih zmesi in voziščnih konstrukcij 4. Priprava gradiv za • izobraževanje • bilten Od skupščine do skupščine • 4. dan asfalterjev 2012 5. Priprava strokovnih gradiv 2012–2013 • asfaltne zmesi na premostitvenih objektih • funkcionalne oziroma fundamentalne preiskave
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